EPDM Roof Systems Standard

This section contains the Standards, Guiding Principles, Recommendations and reference materials necessary for the design and installation of a roof qualifying for a RoofStar Guarantee.

How to use the Guarantee Standards section:How to use the Guarantee Standards section:

All relevant Standards for the selection and application of materials necessary to qualify for a RoofStar Guarantee are found in this section. Subsection titles shown in blue indicate links to more relevant material that the reader is advised to consult.

Content in this section is colour-coded according to four classes:

Guarantee Standards

Guiding Principles

Recommendations

Reference materials

To hide or reveal classes of text, use the buttons at the bottom of the page. Guarantee Standards always remain visible

For definitions of these terms of reference, click here.

1 GENERAL

1.1 Application

General

As with all flexible membranes, the quality of the installation is critical to the performance of bituminous and modified bituminous membranes. Although some of the application techniques for these membranes can be similar to those employed in built-up roofing, and the materials can be “familiar”, the differences are critical. It is important that the specifications, details, and installation techniques all conform to the membrane manufacturer's requirements.

1.2 Roof Slope

On all re-roofs without positive slope to drain and all protected or modified protected membrane roofing, only non-organic felts or membranes may be used.

Positive slope to drain is an absolute requirement for organic felts. All new construction roofs must have positive slope to drain. Definition of roof slope is provided in Section (reference here). Where required, crickets and saddles should be provided to assist drainage.

For single-ply roof systems, a minimum slope 1:15 (3/4" in 12")is required. Any roof areas less than 1:15 (3/4" in 12") require 2 ply membrane assemblies.

A minimum slope of 1:50 (l/4" in 12") is strongly recommended, and should provide positive slope to drain [required for a Five (5) or Ten (10) year RoofStar Guarantee for new construction]. Positive slope to drain is attained when no standing water remains on the deck within a reasonable amount of time after rainfall stops during days with conditions that permit evaporation.

Slope can be provided by sloping the deck, or using tapered insulation boards of insulating fill (insulating fill is rarely used in B.C.). ~~A minimum slope of 1:50 (1/4” in 12”) is strongly recommended.~~ The exception is often drain wells that are designed to collect water and provide a flat surface for the installation of roof drains. Therefore standing water may remain in drain wells for a longer period after a rainfall stops. Crickets and saddles should be employed between drains where the design slope of the roof is less than 1:50 (1/4" in 12"), where the roof deck is uneven and ponding may occur, or simply to assist the movement of water to drains.

SUGGESTED REVISION

All newly constructed roofs must have positive slope to drain.

For single-ply roof systems, a minimum slope 1:15 (3/4" in 12") is required. Any roof areas sloped less than 1:15 (3/4" in 12") require 2 ply membrane assemblies.

Positive slope in this Manual means a slope that drains water sufficiently so that no standing water remains on the deck within a reasonable amount of time after rainfall stops, during days with conditions that permit evaporation. A roof is said to have positive slope even if standing water remains in drain wells for a longer period after a rainfall stops; drain wells are designed to collect water and provide a flat surface for the installation of roof drains.

Slope can be provided by sloping the deck, or using tapered insulation boards of insulating fill (insulating fill is rarely used in B.C.).

Crickets and saddles should be employed between drains where the design slope of the roof is less than 1:50 (1/4" in 12"), where the roof deck is uneven and ponding may occur, or simply to assist the movement of water to drains.

1.3 Re-Roofing

Re-roofing over existing membrane is permitted only in specific circumstances and only when approved in writing by RGC and the membrane manufacturer.

1.4 Tying Into Existing Roofing

Where a new roof is tied-in to an existing roof, the two areas must be isolated and separated by a curb joint properly attached to the structure and properly flashed. If job conditions do not allow for a curb joint, written permission from RGC to eliminate curb joints must be obtained and a positive water cut-off must be installed to the deck to isolate the existing roof from the new roof.

2 MATERIALS

All roofing components must be supplied or accepted by the membrane manufacturer and must be acceptable to the RoofStar Guarantee Program. A listing is published in this manual (see link above).

All materials must be protected from weather by properly stacking above ground or roof surface and in factory packaging or other adequate covering, approved or recommended by the manufacturer, until applied. All installed roofing materials that are susceptible to moisture damage must be made watertight by the end of each work day.

3 SUBSTRATES - DECK OVERLAY BOARD and WALL SHEATHING

3.1 Roof Decks

The roof deck must be designed to serve two major functions:

As a structural component to transfer the weight of live and dead loads to supporting members. Live loads include construction equipment and workers, rain, snow, and ice. Dead loads include the deck itself, the roofing system, HVAC units and, possibly, landscaping. Most decks must also act as a diaphragm, transmitting wind or seismic lateral forces to the buildings structural framework.
As a suitable substrate to which the roof membrane or roof system is attached.

The deck surface must be suitable for applying the roof system materials. Prior to the application of the roof system,the deck must be a suitable substrate, that it is smooth, straight, and free of "humps" or depressions. These can counteract any sloped insulation systems installed by the roofing contractor and cause ponding. On new construction projects, this is usually provided by the general contractor with review by the design authority and/or the building authority having jurisdiction.

In addition thereof, the deck must satisfy several other requirements as follows:

For low slope (membrane roof or waterproofing systems) it should provide positive slope to drain [required for a Five (5) or Ten (10) year RoofStar Guarantee for new construction and for organic felt membrane systems when re-roofing]. Positive slope to drain is attained when no standing water remains on the deck within a reasonable amount of time after rainfall stops during days with conditions that permit evaporation. Where required, crickets and saddles should be provided to assist drainage. Slope can be provided by sloping the deck, or using tapered insulation boards or insulating fill (insulating fill is rarely used in B.C.). Tapered slope insulation products can only be used to provide slope if any differences from level in the roof deck are less than the percentage of slope provided by the insulation. A minimum slope of 1:50 (1/4" in 12") is strongly recommended. The exception is often drain wells that are designed to collect water and provide a flat surface for the installation of roof drains. Therefore, standing water may remain in drain wells for a longer period of time after a rainfall stops.
It should be dimensionally stable and capable of accommodating roof system component movement.* Deck deflections should be limited to 1/240 of the total span, but must conform to the Building Code. For plywood decks, RGC limits the allowable deck deflection to 1/360 of the total span to prevent differential edge movement. Concentrated, non-uniform construction loads should be considered during design. Drains should be located at points of maximum deflection whenever possible, not over columns or bearing walls. Building settlement can often cause slopes to change and low spots to appear on the roof surface.

Conduit applied on top of roof deck surfaces of new construction projects is not acceptable. If conduit is present on the decks of re-roofing projects, the membrane substrate must be made smooth and even to the satisfaction of the inspection agency. The last layer of insulation shall be over the top of the conduit. Detailed as-built drawings should be made to prevent conduit damage and safety risks to roofers, should the roof require replacement at a future date.

Prior to the commencement of roofing, any curbs, cants and blocking that are to be installed by others, should be in place.

Concrete (Expand to read)

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Concrete decks, curbs and equipment pads must be clean, dry, and smooth prior to commencement of roofing.
Poured concrete or lightweight concrete decks are not to be roofed for a minimum of 28 days after pouring unless expressly instructed in writing by the Project Structural Engineer.
All concrete decks to receive adhered asphaltic roofing shall be primed.
A vented base sheet is required under all asphalt-adhered (adhesive, mopped or torched) roofing membranes that are adhered directly to concrete decks unless insulation is installed directly above or over the membrane.

Pre-cast panels, post-stressed beams, or “T” and cavity decks ~~shall~~ must have a separation layer such as fibre board, gypsum board, plywood, proprietary overlay board etc. applied over the deck prior to the application of the roof membrane. Where a difference exists in the levels of adjacent surfaces, the general contractor or others shall install grouting. This grouting shall be feathered on the lower surface a minimum distance of twelve times the amount of the vertical differential.

the following materials are copied from RPM1, 3.3.2:

Concrete roof decks include decks that are cast-in-place or pre-cast, and structural or non-structural in nature. Although this roof deck category includes numerous variations (discussed later), many of the precautions involved with roofing over them are similar.

The finished surface of the deck should be smooth, level, and free of moisture or frost. All ridges or projections should be removed; and curbs, cants, blocking, and nailing strips should be installed where required prior to the roofing contractor's acceptance of the deck. With cast-in-place decks, special care must be taken to ensure that the deck is cured for 28 days and that the surface is dry. (A simple test for determining whether the deck is dry enough for roofing is to apply hot asphalt to the deck; if it foams or is easily peeled off after it cools, the deck is too wet.) Pre-cast decks may require joints to be “taped” or stripped-in with felts, and the joints, weld plates, and elevation differences to be feathered with grout.

Although some concrete decks are considered “nailable”, insulation is most commonly attached by using hot asphalt over a primed deck. The asphalt is mopped to the deck and allowed to cool to the point where the insulation is not melted, but is still sufficiently bonded to the deck.

Built-up roof membranes can be directly adhered to both cast-in-place decks and, provided precautions are taken, pre-cast decks. Vented base sheets may be used to provide semi-adherence to the roof deck.

Concrete roof decks include:

* Cast-in-place reinforced concrete

* Pre-cast concrete panels

* Pre-stressed concrete

* Lightweight insulating concrete

* Poured gypsum concrete

A cast-in-place reinforced concrete roof deck is produced by pouring concrete into formwork containing reinforcing steel bars or welded steel mesh. The surface of deck should be screeded and trowelled to provide a smooth, level surface. Caution should be exercised when using certain curing agents and techniques. Curing agents may not be compatible with roofing materials and some curing techniques do not allow the deck to dry sufficiently.

Pre-cast concrete-panel roof decks consist of manufactured panels designed to span between beams or load-bearing walls. They are available in the following cross-sectional shapes: single “T”, double “T”, solid slabs, hollow-core slabs, inverted channels, and tongue-and-groove planks. Metal plates may be installed to provide a welded structural connection and lateral bracing.

Pre-stressed concrete roof decks consist of concrete (usually pre-cast panels) that is pre-stressed using integral steel tendon reinforcement. The unit is compressed to counteract flexural tensile stresses which usually result in a cambered unit (a slight curve that results in the centre of the unit being higher than the supporting ends). The camber will usually flatten once the structure is loaded.

Lightweight insulating concrete roof decks and fills consist of concrete mixtures that have vermiculite or perlite as insulating aggregates, or they may also be produced by mixing pre-generated foam with portland cement and water. This type of deck is usually designed for application over steel decks, corrugated metal forms, or bulb-tee or formboard systems. The concrete mixture is placed and screeded on site. Usually these mixes use a very high water / cement ratio and may require a lengthy cure time and a vented base sheet because of high moisture content. Vented base sheets provide a path for moisture vapour to vent to an appropriate point where the vapour may be released.

Poured gypsum concrete roof decks consist of a mixture of gypsum concrete, wood fibres or mineral aggregate, and water. The mixture is poured into formboards that contain welded or woven galvanized wire fabric. The formboards are left in place and may provide the finished interior surface.

Steel (Expand to read)

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Wood (Expand to read)

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All wood decks shall be properly fastened to B.C.Building Code requirements. With the exception of standard insulated roof systems, all knots or cracks shall be covered with metal prior to acceptance of deck surface.This work is to be done by others.

Non-veneer (O.S.B. or wafer board) panels are acceptable sheathing for decks with low-slope roofing applications, provided the roofing membrane is not fully adhered directly to the panels.

The minimum plywood or non-veneer (O.S.B or wafer board) deck thickness for low-slope roofing (i.e., membrane roofing) shall be a minimum 12.7 mm (1/2")and as indicated in the applicable Building Code.

An RGC approved separation sheet, minimum#40 asphalt coated fibre glass base sheet conforming to CAN/ CSA A123.16 - M88 (R1996), Type II or manufacturer’s accepted base sheet of equal or greater weight and reinforcement, or RGC accepted rigid insulation / overlay board mechanically attached or semi-adhered membrane (spot or strips) is required over non-veneer panels before fully adhered roofing membrane is applied.

Direct torch (open flame) membrane applications to wood decks and wood surfaces is NOT permitted. For further development of this policy, refer to SBS Application & Safety: Best Practices.

Differential edge movements or deflection in excess of1/360 of the span in plywood or non-veneer decks in low slope roofing must be prevented by:

solid blocking under non-supported edges, and /or
use of tongue-and-groove plywood with non-grooved edges supported by joists or solid blocking, and / or
when rigid insulation is over the deck, properly sized and installed H-clips must be used on the unsupported edges.

Fully adhering modified bituminous membranes directly to wood decks is not permitted.

the following materials are copied from RPM1, 3.3.1:

Wood Decks

Wood is a common construction material that has been used for many years because of its economy, ease of fabrication, lighter construction, and ready availability. Acceptable wood roof decks may include wood board decks, plywood decks, and, subject to restrictions, non-veneered wood decks (oriented strand board, waferboard, etc.). All types of wood decks should be roofed promptly after installation.

Wood Board Decks

Wood board decks include tongue-and-groove, shiplapped, or splined boards or planks usually ranging from 19 mm to 89 mm (nominal 1" to 4") thickness. Also 38 mm (nominal 2") by various width boards, placed on end, can be spiked together to form a “mill deck”. The thickness of the boards is determined by the anticipated loads and spacing of roof joists or trusses (consult Building Code).

Wood board decks should be of sound seasoned lumber, properly secured to supporting structure. The deck should form a firm smooth surface, free from knotholes, cracks, projections, depressions and other defects. Prior to the roofing contractor's acceptance of the deck, minor knotholes and cracks should be covered with securely nailed sheet metal (performed by others).

Wood board decks, especially mill decks, often have so many surface defects that a plywood overlay is desirable [9.5 mm (3/8") plywood is often acceptable]. A plywood overlay is required for asphalt shingle roofs. Where a plywood overlay is not required, a mechanically fastened base sheet or separator sheet is required for built-up roofs or fully-adhered bituminous or modified bituminous flexible roofing membranes. For non-bituminous flexible membranes (elastomeric or plastomeric membranes such as EPDM or PVC), a slip sheet or separator sheet should be installed according to membrane manufacturer's recommendations. Separation sheets, slip sheets, and mechanically fastened base sheets are installed to help relieve stresses in the membrane due to movement of the deck.

Plywood Decks

Plywood roof decks consist of exterior type plywood mechanically fastened to the roof framing. The plywood panels should conform to CSA 0121, “Douglas Fir Plywood”, CSA 0151, “Canadian Softwood Plywood”, or CSA 0153, “Poplar Plywood”, as per Building Code requirements.

For steep slope roofing (e.g. asphalt shingles), plywood thickness must - as a minimum - conform to Building Code requirements; however, the following minimum plywood thickness should be considered:

* 12.7 mm (1/2") for 400 mm (16") o/c supports

* 15.9 mm (5/8") for 600 mm (24") o/c supports. Note: Required for asphalt shingle applications when Z-Bars (girts) are used as the attachment method. For deck sheathing, refer to RGC Guarantee Standard A2.4.3 Section 2.1.1.

These thickness / span ratios will minimize deck deflection, especially with construction loads, and will provide a better surface for nailing as the bouncing effect of thin plywood’s is reduced.

For low slope roofing (e.g. BUR), plywood must be minimum 12.7 mm (1/2") thick unless mechanically attached rigid insulation is installed prior to the roofing membrane. The minimum centres for supporting members are:

* 400 mm (16") for 12.7 mm (1/2") plywood sheathing

* 600 mm (24") for 15.9 mm (5/8") plywood sheathing

For low-slope roofing, differential edge movement and deflection in excess of 1/360 of the span must be prevented by:

* solid blocking under non-supported edges, and / or

* use of tongue-and-groove plywood with non-grooved edges supported by joists or solid blocking, and / or

* when rigid insulation is over the deck, properly sized and installed H-clips should be used on the unsupported edges.

Plywood roof sheathing should be installed with the surface grain at right angles to the roof framing, with end joints staggered.

Plywood decks receiving roofing directly applied to the deck should be attached using wood screws or nails which are especially resistant to pull-out or nail popping, particularly when using a single-ply membrane (i.e., use ring-type or ardox; smooth common nails are not acceptable). Nail popping is usually caused by a combination of thermal and structural movement and is especially critical where the membrane is directly adhered to the deck. All fasteners should have a corrosion-resistant coating (such as galvanizing). The structural suitability of the fastener is the responsibility of the design authority.

Non-veneer Wood Decks

Non-veneer panels are identified as waferboard or oriented strand board (OSB) panels, as opposed to plywood or veneered panels.

Non-veneer (O.S.B. or waferboard) panels are acceptable decks on low-slope roofing applications when an approved separation sheet or rigid insulation is mechanically attached before roofing is applied. (See Section 4 System Data Sheets)

The use of non-veneered panels in steep slope applications with asphalt shingles applied directly to the deck is also not recommended by RGC, as there can be an increased chance of deck deflection between supporting trusses or rafters.

SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES

Electrical Conduit

Conduit, EMT, cable and/or piping applied on the top of roof deck surfaces shall not be acceptable on new construction projects.

If conduit is present on decks in re-roofing projects, the deck must be made smooth and even to the satisfaction of the accepted roof inspection firm. The upper layer of insulation must cover the conduit, EMT, cable and/or piping.

3.2 Wall Sheathing

Wall Sheathing: Perimeter Requirements (EDITED for format and content)

Regardless of the substrate to which roof membranes are applied, installation of roof membrane to the surface must be governed by the membrane manufacturer's requirements for that substrate.

Wall Sheathing: Gypsum Sheathing

Gypsum boards on vertical surfaces must be RGC Accepted overlay boards with water resistant properties.

On steel framed walls, it is acceptable to use gypsum overlay boards accepted for the Guarantee Program, provided the gypsum board has a minimum thickness of 12mm (1/2") or fibre-mat reinforced cement boards with a minimum thickness of 9.5 mm (3/8") that conform to ASTM C1325-04.

Gypsum Sheathing: Walls Supporting Roof Deck

In combustible construction, or where permitted by the Building Code in non-combustible construction, all concrete or masonry parapets or walls which do not provide a smooth, clean, dry surface for membrane adhesion or are to be applied with oxidized asphalt as the adhesive must be sheathed with a minimum 15.9 mm (5/8") treated plywood, or 9.5 mm (3/8") reinforced cement board that conforms to ASTM C1325-04 mechanically attached to the wall. The plywood is to extend either a minimum of 200 mm (8") above membrane surfacing, to the bottom of the reglet, or, if required by the type of membrane, to the full height of the parapet.

Gypsum Sheathing: Non-Supporting Walls

Where permitted by the Building Code, all concrete or masonry parapets or walls to which roofing is to be applied must be sheathed with minimum 15.9 mm (5/8") plywood or 9.5 mm (3/8") reinforced cement board that conforms to ASTM C1325-04 solidly attached to the roof deck with adequately treated blocking. Compressible insulation is to be installed between the sheathing and the wall. Coping and / or counter flashing is to be installed. See construction details Sections (Reference needed). The plywood is to extend either a minimum of 200 mm (8") above membrane surfacing or, if required by the type of membrane, to the full height of the parapet or wall. This item is supplied and installed by others unless specified otherwise.

4 VAPOUR RETARDERS

The decision to use and the selection of, an air/vapour retarder is the responsibility of the design authority. Neither RGC nor the roofing contractor will accept any responsibility for damage to, or failure of, the roof system caused by the use or absence of a vapour retarder.

5 INSULATION

5.1 General

Only RGC Accepted insulations, specifically listed by membrane manufacturers in the RPM as acceptable for use with their modified bituminous loose laid, or mechanically attached base sheets, may be used without an overlay board in the RGC Guarantee Program.

5.2 Layering

Multi Layering: All square edge flat format insulation boards greater than 67.5mm (2.7”) in thickness shall be installed in multiple layers. Multi layering of plastic foam insulation is required for all adhered, mechanically attached, and ballasted low slope roof assemblies. In addition, all slope format plastic foam insulation boards greater than 150mm (6”) in thickness shall be installed in multiple staggered layers or alternatively, be installed under two (2)offset/staggered layers of RGC accepted insulation overlay boards.

Insulation board joints are to be offset or staggered 300 mm (12") from adjacent layers and rows.

A minus offset tolerance of 50 mm (2") maximum will be permitted to compensate for variance in manufactured tolerance of differing insulation board widths and lengths. The exception is sloped insulation boards that are generally installed soldiered fashion to adjacent rows; and the first layer of overlay board over heat sensitive insulation to facilitate joint taping.

5.3 Nailing Strips

Nailing strips are not required for use on RGC accepted in seam mechanically-fastened bituminous or non-bituminous flexible membrane systems. Heat welded or self-adhered SBS modified bituminous systems may be used without nailing strips provided RGC accepted in seam fastener patterns are used throughout all base sheet seams (minimum 24" o/c) and head laps (minimum of 3 fasteners). All layers of insulation are recommended be additionally secured with polyurethane foam adhesive.

5.4 Mechanical Fastening

Minimum Screw and Plate Fasteners

Minimum fasteners using Screws and Plastic or Steel Stress Plates: (see Section 3.8.5.2)

Insulation Board Size	Field	Perimeter	Corner
600 mm x 1200 mm (2'x4')	4	4	5
600 mm x 2400 mm (2'x8')	5	6	8
900 mm x 1200 mm (3'x4')	4	6	7
1200 mm x 1200 mm (4'x4')	5	6	8
1200 mm x 1800 mm (4'x6')	6	8	12
1200 mm x 2400 mm (4'x8')	8	12	15

Minimum Nail Fasteners

Minimum fasteners using Accepted Nails (Wood Decks Only): (see Section 3.8.5.2)

Insulation Board Size	Field	Perimeter	Corner
600 mm x 1200 mm (2'x4')	5	5	6
600 mm x 2400 mm (2'x8')	8	10	12
900 mm x 1200 mm (3'x4')	6	8	10
1200 mm x 1200 mm (4'x4')	6	8	10
1200 mm x 1800 mm (4'x6')	8	10	14
1200 mm x 2400 mm (4'x8')	12	16	18

When conventionally adhered roof assemblies are installed, all insulation must be mechanically fastened to all nailable decks including steel, with exceptions as per (reference here).

The upper layer or overlay in a multiple-layer insulation application does not require mechanical fastening.

The exception is for slopes exceeding 1:12 (1" in 12") or steeper - in those cases, the upper layer must be fastened.

When using multiple layers of plastic foam insulation the layers shall be mechanically fastened, whenever possible, as if they are a single layer. Alternately, when the use of mechanical fasteners is not feasible, or multiple layered assemblies require mechanical fastening of the base layer only, or decks are constructed of non-nailable materials (concrete,) polyurethane foam adhesives may be utilized to adhere insulation layers to one another, to other insulations, or substrates. Only polyurethane foam adhesives that are specifically listed as acceptable by the insulation manufacturer may be used. Extruded polystyrene insulation must have planed faces (removal of smooth surface) when adhered with polyurethane foam adhesive.

The roof area is divided into three areas (zones). The perimeter area is defined as 10% of the building width or 40% of the building height, whichever is less. In no case will perimeter area be less than 2.0 m (7'). The field area is defined as the remaining area after the perimeter is calculated. When the roof height is:• greater than 18 m (60’) and low-slope (slope is 2:12 or less) or• less than 18 m (60’) and pitched (slope is greater than 2:12), Perimeter fastening along the entire eave will be enhanced to corner requirements. The corner area is defined by the perimeter in both directions at the corners.

In no case will the corner area be less than 2.0 m x 2.0 m (7’ x7’).

For corner enhancement of roofs in high wind locations (higher than 100 mph) or for roofs above 60’ refer to Section (reference here).

Mechanically attached insulated membrane systems may be fastened according to manufacturer’s tested specifications complying with CSA A123.21-10 or a FM 1-90 assembly wind rating and when accepted by RGC and conforming to A4.6. Factory Mutual adhered assemblies require the initial layer to be mechanically fastened over a steel deck.

The upper layer or overlay in a multiple-layer insulation application does not require mechanical fastening.

If mechanical fastening to concrete decking is required proprietary concrete fasteners and plates must be used.

Acceptable nail types: Shank-and-head or head-plate nails with minimum 25 mm (1")nominal head size. Head-plate nails with solidly attached plate to ensure plate cannot slide down on shank.

Cavity deck or T Deck may be defined as either nailable or non-nailable, depending on profile and deflection.

Nailing is only permitted on wood decks and where insulation thickness does not exceed 50 mm (2"). Nails with a minimum 25 mm (1") head size or greater are required for insulation and overlay boards fastened to wood decks. Nails to be placed a maximum 600 mm (24") o/c in each direction and be of sufficient length to penetrate the underlying sheathing a minimum of 20 mm (3/4") or in the case of plywood, completely through the sheathing.

When insulation and or cover boards are installed under mechanically fastened membrane systems the membrane manufacturer’s tested and approved fastener layout patterns shall be followed. In addition, the minimum number of fasteners with plates for insulation and or cover boards, under mechanically fastened membranes, shall be six (6) fasteners for 1200mm x 2400mm (4ft. x 8ft,) board sizes and four (4) fasteners for all other smaller board sizes.

Two layer system: Fasten the first layer of cover board, offsetting the joints from those of the insulation. Tape the joints before applying the second layer, offsetting the joints from both layers below. Alternatively, all layers of cover board and insulation may be fastened as a group.

Minimum Fasteners for Overlay Boards are:

1200 mm x 2400 mm (4' x 8')

Using:	Field	Perimeter	Corner
Screws and Plastic or Steel Stress Plates	8	12	15
Accepted Nails (Wood Deck Only)	12	16	18
Fastener layout patterns and other board dimensions	(See Section 3.8.5.2)

Manufacturers proprietary insulation adhesives may be used to adhere accepted overlay boards to insulations.

5.5 Application to Steel Decks

When installing insulation or thermal barriers to steel decks, all edges of the first layer of insulation or thermal barrier shall be fully or intermittently supported by the deck. Mechanical fasteners must penetrate steel decks a minimum of 20mm (3/4") and must be located in the top flutes only. The minimum thickness of insulation directly over fluted steel decks shall be a minimum of one-half the nominal flute width. Additionally, the minimum allowable thickness of expanded polystyrene or unfaced glass fibre insulation shall be 38 mm (1-1/2"), and the minimum thickness for extruded polystyrene, faced glass fibre, faced polyisocyanurate, etc. shall be 25 mm (1").(For loose laid ballasted systems, see Section reference needed)

5.6 Adhering Insulation

When foam plastic insulation is adhered (only with a compatible adhesive) in a roof assembly, the insulation board size shall be a maximum 1200 mm (4') in any direction.

Proprietary adhesive applied insulation/overlay board membrane systems accepted and installed in the RoofStar Guarantee Program shall conform to the CSA A123.21-10 Standard test method for the dynamic wind uplift resistance of adhesive attached membrane roofing systems and/or the Factory Mutual I-90 Listing for adhesive attached assemblies.

The roof system must be as per the complete tested assembly and a calculation for the building wind load requirements using the Wind-RCI calculator or RoofNav as applicable be submitted with project documents.

Refer to C5.c for notes on wind uplift resistance - fastener patterns and Factory Mutual requirements.

5.7 Polyisocyanurate Insulation

Only polyisocyanurate insulation with non-organic facers(e.g. fibreglass) are acceptable for use in the RGC guarantee program. In addition, manufacturers’ product identification labels are required for all Polyisocyanurate insulation packaging and the date of manufacture must be provided on all product labels.

6 INSULATION OVERLAY BOARD

6.1 General

RGC accepted insulation overlay boards shall be installed over all plastic foam insulations (EPS, XEPS, Polyisocyanurate) on all adhered low slope roofing systems. When heat sensitive insulations (EPS,XEPS) are used with heat welded membrane seams an accepted overlay board must be installed. Fibreboard shall not be used with flame welded seams.

6.2 Layering

Insulation and overlay board joints are to be offset/staggered 300 mm (12") from adjacent layers and rows. The uppermost layer of [insulation or] overlay board directly below membranes shall have joints that are offset/staggered from adjacent layers and rows.

6.3 Mechanical Fastening

Possible Wording: Refer to C5.c in this Manual for RoofStar Guarantee requirements for the application of mechanical fasteners, as they pertain to both insulation and overlay board applications.

The upper layer or overlay in a multiple-layer insulation application does not require mechanical fastening.

6.4 Using Adhesives

Two layer system: Use manufacturers accepted proprietary adhesives per published directions, offsetting the joints from those of the insulation. Then tape joints and install second layer offsetting the joints from those of the insulation. Then tape joints and install second layer offsetting the joints from those of the layer below. Alternatively, the membrane manufacturer's proprietary insulation adhesives may be used to adhere accepted cover boards and insulations. Single layer system: Install the insulation and cover board with the proprietary accepted adhesive. Seal over all cover board joints and wall transitions with the membrane manufacturer's proprietary self-adhered membrane tape.

Asphalt core overlay boards, [minimum thickness 4.5 mm (3/16") nominal] or insulation and insulation overlay boards specifically designed for torch applications, that are accepted by RGC, mechanically attached with nails with a minimum 25 mm (1") nominal head size placed a minimum of one nail per 0.093 m² (1 sq. ft.) or plates and screws placed a minimum of 0.186 m² (2 sq. ft.). Seal all board joints and wall transitions with membrane manufacturer’s approved self-adhered membrane or tapes.

6.5 Joint Taping

Acceptable materials for taping joints, of hot asphalt, and cold adhesive applied roof assemblies on overlay board, insulation, gypsum board, and primed plywood are minimum 150 mm (6") wide No.15 felt, 150 mm (6") wide Fibreglass roof tape, or 150 mm (6") wide sheathing (membrane breather-type to CAN / CGSB 51.32-M77). The only acceptable methods of hot asphalt installation are by back coating with asphalt, or laying with a back-coating machine expressly intended for the purpose.

For taping joints of asphalt core overlay boards, without poly film surfaces, manufacturers purpose made self-adhered modified bituminous tapes are acceptable for use with hot asphalt, torch welded and cold adhesive applied roof assemblies.

7 MEMBRANES

7.1 General

While the roof is being applied, all membrane openings at eaves, walls, vents, etc. must be sealed to prevent moisture from entering roofing or between plies of stripping.

Cold Weather Membrane Applications In cold weather regions, membrane selection must conform to the membrane manufacturer’s recommendations for January in service design temperature.

7.2 Mechanically Attached

On all adhered flexible membrane roof slopes that exceed 1:24 (1/2" in 12"), the manufacturer's published instructions are to be followed regarding mechanical fastening and/or back nailing of sheets, and the size and direction of sheet application to the direction of roof slope.

All mechanically fastened flexible membrane systems installed under RoofStar guarantee shall conform to the CSA A123.21-10 Standard test method for the dynamic wind uplift resistance of mechanically attached membrane roofing systems and/or the Factory Mutual I-90 Listing for mechanically attached assemblies.

7.3 Cold-applied (Adhered)

As stated earlier, Base and cap sheets of all self-adhered and cold adhesive applied roof systems must be installed in the same work day, phased installation of base and cap sheet membranes is not permitted.

Both the base sheet and cap sheet membrane must be completed in the same work day on all adhesive applied modified bituminous systems. Specifications and manufacturers’ written application instructions must be strictly followed. Phased installation of membranes is not permitted.

RGC accepts self-adhered and cold adhesive applied membranes installed over wood surfaces to manufacturers’ product installation specifications.

Self-adhered membranes must not be installed on contaminated wood surfaces. A minimum 9.5 mm (3/8") nominal thick plywood sheeting (overlay) must be installed over all contaminated wood surface (eg. asphalt) to receive self-adhered membranes.

7.4 Protected and Modified Protected Membranes

On all protected and modified protected membrane roofing projects, a filter mat of approved material is to be properly installed between gravel ballast and insulation. The filter mat is required under pre-cast pavers that are used as ballast or walkways.

Insulation, which is bonded directly to the roof membrane, is not acceptable.

Concrete Ballast, Poured-in-place concrete or concrete topping as ballast or traffic topping is not permitted in the roof guarantee programs (see section 2.1.5 Waterproofing Membrane Systems). Only ballast, which permits easy or reasonable access to the membrane, is acceptable.

Examples [of acceptable ballast]: properly sized gravel, concrete pavers, concrete-topped insulation, etc.

Gravel Ballast: Protected Membrane and Ballasted Membrane (EPDM, TPO, PVC, etc.) Shall be clean, washed, round or crushed stone, falling within the following gradations: 35 mm (1-1/2") - 100 % Passing 25 mm (1") 70 - 100 % Passing 20 mm (3/4") 5 - 20 % Passing 12.5 mm (1/2") 0 - 6 % Passing 5 mm (3/16") 0 - 2 % Passing Any variance to the above must be accepted by the owner or the owner's representative and be confirmed in writing.

Pedestals: Installation of proprietary (purpose-made) pedestals, with integral spacer ribs for uniform spacing of pavers, or an accepted drainage layer designed to provide vertical separation between pre-cast pavers and substrate or other underlying materials, is mandatory. The use of proprietary drainage boards or pea gravel with filter fabric to provide drainage for unit masonry products (bricks, stone, etc.), is required.

The choice of pedestal or drainage layer type is the responsibility of the design authority. Pedestals / drainage layers provide airflow for drying surfaces and assist in leveling. They should not impede the flow of water or air, and should uniformly distribute the dead load of pavers, and other unit masonry products, as well as predicted live loads.

8 ROOFTOP GARDENS, PLANTERS & WALKWAYS

8.1 General

Thermoset (EPDM) single ply membranes used for Landscaped and Vegetated roofing systems shall be fully adhered and a minimum thickness of 1.5mm (0.060").

Membrane Protection: Protection for roofing membranes is required during the installation and maintenance of landscaping, extensive and intensive vegetated (green) roofing installations. The minimum membrane protection must be installed by the roofing or waterproofing contractor and shall be 3 mm (1/8") asphalt core protection board or 25 mm (1") minimum extruded polystyrene insulation plus filter mat, root intrusion barrier, and drainage layer. Tightly butt all protection and insulation boards, overlap all filter mat seams and seal all laps of roof intrusion barriers to RGC Guarantee Standards and manufacturer’s installation instructions.

Only RGC accepted Thermoset roofing membranes that are specifically accepted by the membrane manufacturer for use on Landscaped and Vegetated (green) roof systems qualify for coverage under the RGC Guarantee Program. The Membrane Manufacturer and RGC must confirm acceptance of other alternative protection systems or components in writing. Damage to membranes and flashings that results from the use of plants with aggressive root structures, (Bamboo, Willow etc.) for landscaped and green (vegetated) roof systems, is specifically not covered under the RGC Guarantee Program or the responsibility of RGC. For additional information refer to the latest addition of the British Columbia Landscape Standard, Green Roof Section.

8.2 Root Barriers & Drainage

Proprietary root intrusion barriers must be acceptable to the roof membrane manufacturer and appropriate for the vegetation system installed. Polyethylene or polypropylene sheeting used as a root barrier shall be a minimum thickness of .2mm (8mils). Root Barriers shall be sheets or boards installed in a continuous plane above the roof membrane, carried up the inside of soil retention perimeters (separation zones), and must be installed with sealed laps and seams as per manufacturer's instructions.

A drainage layer is required. Specialized proprietary drainage products must be acceptable to the membrane manufacturer.

Separation Zones that are free of growing medium and vegetation are required around all roof perimeters, up-stands, drains, penetrations, mechanical equipment, expansion joints, etc. Zones must be a minimum of 300 mm (12”) wide and constructed with curbs or other physical barriers that separate and facilitate drainage. Physical barriers must be placed above the membrane protection layers and must not be attached through or penetrate the roof membrane.

8.3 Planter Design & Waterproofing

Non-structural planters placed over landscaped deck and roofing membranes, with an appropriate protection layer, are strongly recommended whenever practical.

8.4 Flood Testing

Flood Testing is not a recommended practice but is at the discretion of the design authority or owner on systems permitted by ASTM D5957. If flood testing is required, testing shall be conducted prior to installation of overlying insulation or overburdens and conducted as per ASTM D5957.

8.5 Overburdens

In the case of Extensive Green Roofs (roof top gardens) with soil thickness of 200 mm (8") or less, when the landscaping (soil and plants) is included as part of the roofing specification and / or contract, the costs for removal and replacement of soil to access the membrane, to investigate or repair leaks in the membrane, are included in the RGC Guarantee coverage. Extensive Green Roofs may be constructed with coarse aggregate or be specialized proprietary drainage panels, vegetation trays and/or mats designed to direct excess water to roof drains. However, the removal and replacement of plants, irrigation lines and or equipment, electrical lines, landscape and decorative features such as concrete pads, statues, planters, large rocks, etc., to investigate or repair leaks in the membrane, is not included, and is the responsibility of others, subsequently such access shall be provided and or paid for by others.

In the case of Intensive Green Roofs (roof top gardens), and Landscaped Roofs with soil thickness in excess of 200 mm (8"), where access to the roofing membrane may be difficult, the removal and replacement of soil and plants to access the membrane to investigate or repair leaks in the membrane is the responsibility of others, and such access shall be paid by others. In addition, the removal and replacement of plants, irrigation lines or equipment, electrical lines, landscape and decorative features such as concrete pads, statues, planters, large rocks, etc., to investigate or repair leaks in the membrane is also the responsibility of others, and such access shall be provided and or paid for by others.

Structural planters that incorporate pre-curb or start-up curbs for walls that are completely sealed with membrane and are a minimum of 100 mm (4") in height, as detailed in Section 5 & 9 Construction Drawings, qualify for RGC Guarantee coverage. Waterproofing liners in planters with structural walls, concrete curb or other materials, that do not incorporate pre-curbs shall be isolated and separated from the guaranteed roofing membrane and are specifically not accepted under the RGC guarantee.

8.6 Walkways and Warning Zones

When primary roof membranes of contrasting colour are used for warning zones, membrane end lap off sets and ply side lap directions must be maintained. Staggered membrane end lap offsets may be positioned below primary roof membranes that are used for warning zones.

A design authority or membrane manufacturer may specify a proprietary walkway protection system or warning zone membrane over the primary roof membrane. Walkway and warning zone materials are not part of the roofing membrane assembly but are typically accessory products that are placed over completed roof membranes. Subsequently the type and performance of any walkway or warning zone material is specifically excluded from coverage under the RGC guarantee, as is any detrimental effect the materials may have on the roof system.

9 PERIMETER FLASHINGS: MEMBRANES

9.1 General

Membrane flashing (stripping) details (with the exception of low parapets, cant strip edges and RGC accepted door sill details) must be designed to provide a minimum 200 mm (8") sealed height above the finished roof surfacing. Surfacing is defined as the top of the roofing assembly, be it membrane, ballast or growing medium (soil). All membrane flashing (stripping) terminating on a vertical surface must be mechanically fastened.

Curbed openings (HVAC, skylights, etc.) must be a minimum height of 200 mm (8") and have at least one ply of membrane flashing (stripping) carried to the inside edge of the curb, or up under the built-in counter-flashing of pre-manufactured metal curbs (i.e. roof scuttles or HVAC) (see Detail Reference here).

Parapet walls may be less than 200 mm (8") in height, but not less than 87.7 mm (3½") in height.

All cant edge and parapet wall details must have membrane flashing (stripping) that overlaps the exterior finish (i.e. wall cladding) by a minimum of 50 mm (2"). On high parapet walls, that are completely flashed with metal, where membrane flashing (stripping) is terminated part way up the wall the remainder of the parapet must be covered with a flashing underlay of a minimum 40 mils or 1 mm (.040") self-adhered modified bitumen membrane. No. 15 Felt is not acceptable (see Detail Section 10.3.1).

All membrane flashing (stripping) terminating at cladded (i.e. stucco, siding, etc.) walls must lap under the sheathing membrane and cladding by minimum of 75 mm (3").

All membrane flashing (stripping) terminating under a reglet must be sealed to the wall with a compatible mastic (see Detail Section 10.3.3). Where a parapet, cant or separation / expansion joint detail intersects with a higher wall; the membrane flashing (stripping) must be sealed by gussets (membrane saddles) that are formed to protect the inside and outside corners (see Detail Section 10.3.1).

New construction projects must follow proper sequencing. Where roof flashings overlap work by others (i.e. siding, stucco, etc.), this work must be complete prior to the installation of metal flashing or wood blocking must be installed to facilitate the future installation of the exterior wall finish under the cap flashing. When lapping under work by others (siding, stucco, etc.), the membrane and metal roof flashings must be installed prior to any wall coverings. Any variance to proper detail sequencing must be approved by the design authority in writing (see Section 10.3.3).

Use of the reverse lap method must be an acceptable application method to the membrane manufacturer.

If no published instructions are available, specific instructions in writing from the manufacturer must be obtained and filed with RGC before project start-up.

The roof system must be as per the complete tested assembly and a calculation for the building wind load requirements using the Wind-RCI calculator or Roofnav www.roofnav.comas applicable be submitted with project documents.

There is no minimum height requirement for exterior walls, (e.g. eave drip and gravel stop flashing)

9.2 Cant Strips

Wood: Cant strips are only required as recommended by the membrane manufacturer. The use of hemlock lumber for construction of cant strips and related blocking is not acceptable.

Membrane gussets must be installed to all inside and outside corners.

Modified Bituminous Base Sheet pre-stripping ply required at all perimeters, upstands and penetrations. Cap sheet stripping is required and must extend 150 mm (6") horizontally and 200 mm (8") vertically from the base of all upstands. All stripping terminating on vertical surfaces must be mechanically fastened.

9.3 Expansion and Control Joints

Roof Separation Joints (Expansion and Control Joints, etc.) / Equipment Sleepers / Safety Anchor Piers (poured in place pads) that are completely sealed (enveloped) with membrane flashing (stripping) may be less than 200 mm (8") in height but must not be less than 100 mm (4") in height above the finished roof surface.

Manufacturer’s proprietary roof expansion joint systems are acceptable for use when the systems are located a minimum of 200mm (8") above the finished roof surface and are completely sheathed (covered) with sloped metal flashing.

9.4 Door Openings

Door sill membrane flashing (stripping) may be less than 200 mm (8") in height but must not be less than 100 mm (4") above the primary roof membrane and must be installed to comply with the following conditions:

A metal water stop flashing, formed with pan folded, welded or soldered corners must be mechanically attached to inside of door sill framing or opening and be sealed with membrane flashing (stripping).
Membrane flashing, (stripping) or metal pan sill flashing must be installed at doorjamb framing or opening to a minimum height of 100 mm (4") above door sill framing or opening, prior to installation of doorjambs and door sills.
Membrane gussets must be installed at sill corners.
Metal pan sill flashings or RGC accepted reinforced liquid flashing systems must be installed wherever clearances preclude the use of membrane flashing (stripping) to seal door sill details.
Slopes must be provided to direct water away from door sill details. (Overhangs are recommended wherever practical).
Overflow drains in that area must be installed a minimum 25 mm (1") lower in height than adjacent door sills.

9.5 Built-in Membrane Gutters

When a built in membrane gutter joins an RGC Guaranteed sloped roof; the gutter will be included by the Guarantee. Built-in membrane gutters that drain a roof not covered by an RGC Guarantee are not eligible for a Guarantee.

10 ROOF PENETRATIONS and DRAINS

10.1 General

Flanges - All flanges are to be a minimum of 100 mm (4") wide.

All vent plumbing flashings shall be constructed of non-ferrous material.

10.2 Gum Pans (Pitch Pockets)

With the exception of one on-site formed double standing seam corner joint and adjoining lapped flange joint, all flange corners shall be closed and soldered.

Use only membrane manufacturer’s approved proprietary urethane based structural sealants to fill gum pans or pitch pockets. Install a back-up storm collar whenever practical

(see detail Section 10.3. - new reference needed).

This detail should be avoided; only use gum pans or pitch pockets as a last resort when other methods are impractical.

10.3 Strip-in Flashings

Strip-in Flashings (with membrane material) must be a minimum height of 200 mm (8") above finished roof surfaces. This includes strip-in type flashings for cables and multiple roof penetrations including grouped pipes and or cables must be purpose made roof flashings.

Strip-in vents will not be permitted for use in protected or modified protected membrane roofs. Curb mounting for all venting units and equipment except lead or aluminium jacks is mandatory.

Curbs are to be a minimum 200 mm (8") in height above top of finished surfacing.

Strip-in type roof penetration flashings (lead, aluminium, stainless steel, copper, etc.) must be properly sized to fit pipe penetrations or alternatively, when pipes are irregular in size, spray foam urethane insulation may be used to fill gaps between pipes and flashings. Strip-in type roof penetration flashings are only permitted for use with single pipe roof penetrations, must incorporate properly fitted settlement caps,

Pipes that are higher than standard flashings must have site formed non-bituminous flexible roof membrane storm collars sealed with compatible sealants and stainless steel clamps.

All-purpose made multiple penetration flashings must provide a positive weather seal by use of manufacturer’s proprietary rubber based friction seals, mechanical clamps or gooseneck type design, and be a minimum height of 200 mm (8") above finished roof surfaces

Strip-in type vents are permitted up to 350 mm x 350 mm (14" x 14"), equal to approximately 0.12 meter squared (196 sq. in.) on exposed or conventionally-placed membrane roofs provided the vents are not located in or near a valley and are well drained.

Alternatively, roof curbs with metal hoods may be used to seal cables and multiple roof penetrations. (Refer to tab 10.3.5)

Curbs are to be supplied and installed by others.

Metal wall base flashing is optional with these application methods.

Alternate presentation of same information

10.3.1 STRIP-IN FLASHINGS

must be a minimum height of 200 mm (8") above finished roof surfaces.
include strip-in type flashings for cables and multiple roof penetrations including grouped pipes and or cables must be purpose made roof flashings.
must be properly sized to fit pipe penetrations (Alternatively, when pipes are irregular in size, spray foam urethane insulation may be used to fill gaps between pipes and flashings.)
are permitted only for use with single pipe roof penetrations and must incorporate properly fitted settlement caps.

10.3.2 STRIP-IN TYPE VENTS

are permitted up to 350 mm x 350 mm (14" x 14"), equal to approximately 0.12 meter squared (196 sq. in.) on exposed or conventionally-placed membrane roofs, provided the vents are not located in or near a valley and are well drained.
will not be permitted for use in protected or modified protected membrane roofs. Curb mounting for all venting units and equipment except lead or aluminium jacks is mandatory on protected or modified protected membrane roofs.

10.3.3 STRIP-IN CURBS

are to be a minimum 200 mm (8") in height above top of finished surfacing.
are to be supplied and installed by others.

All-purpose made multiple penetration flashings must provide a positive weather seal by use of manufacturer’s proprietary rubber based friction seals, mechanical clamps or gooseneck type design, and be a minimum height of 200 mm (8") above finished roof surfaces.

Metal wall base flashing is optional with these application methods.

10.4 Roof Drains and Scuppers

Overflow scuppers shall be installed according to the British Columbia Building Code (BCBC).

Overflow scuppers are required when low doorway or window details are used, see standard A5.6.3

When cast-iron roof drains are used; a sump receiver and under-deck clamp must be provided and installed by the trade supplying the roof drain. In addition, the trade supplying roof drains must also provide secondary stainless steel debris strainers in addition to primary drain strainers on all roofing systems that utilize gravel ballast and or growing mediums (soil). Only the use of drain manufacturer’s proprietary secondary stainless steel debris strainers is acceptable.

All flange type roof drains shall be constructed of non-ferrous material. Flanged copper drains shall be formed from a minimum weight of 16 oz. sheet copper for external (on outside of walls) drains and 24 oz. sheet copper for internal (inside walls or buildings) drains. The minimum gauge for aluminum sheet to be used for roof drains shall be 20 gauge for external use and 12 gauge for internal use. In addition, the trade supplying roof drains must also provide secondary stainless steel debris strainers in addition to primary drain strainers on all roofing systems that utilize gravel ballast and or growing mediums (soil). Only the use of drain manufacturer’s proprietary secondary stainless steel debris strainers is acceptable. All roof scuppers shall be formed with a minimum 37.7 mm (1.5") lower outside faces than side walls of the water collection boxes and incorporate minimum 12.7 mm (.5") drip edges on the lowered outside faces.

On all re-roofing projects all drains connected to internal piping shall be connected by mechanical compression type seals only. “O”- rings, mastics and caulking are not acceptable methods to seal roof drains to internal piping.

Where no overflow scuppers are specified, the structure must be designed to carry the total load of water collected in the event of the failure of roof drains (See BCBC latest edition). RGC recommends overflow scuppers be installed where perimeter walls exceed 100 mm (4") in height and accepts no responsibility for roof failure where scuppers are not specified or installed.

Roof drains and other roof accessories are to be installed as per membrane manufacturer's instructions.

11 PERIMETER FLASHINGS: METAL

11.1 General

All roof protrusion and penetration flashings, vents, curbs, sleepers, pipes cable, drains, etc. shall NOT be installed LESS than 200mm (8") from the base of walls, cants, eaves and other roof equipment, protrusion and penetration flashings.

Metal base flashing shall be kept approximately 25 mm (1") above gravel to prevent immersion in water with the exception of protected and modified protected roof systems.

Gravel stop-type flashings may be used, provided manufacturer's printed instructions are followed (see Section reference, if required).

The exceptions are overflow drains and roof scuppers that are installed through walls. These items are to be located by others.

Sheet metal flashings are designed to divert water away from the membrane flashing termination, usually onto the roof. The metal flashing also protects the membrane from deterioration due to the elements and from mechanical damage. The metal flashing is not a waterproofing membrane, therefore the roofing membrane should be continuous under the metal (see details Section 10.3 and RGC Guarantee Standards for requirements).

Metal flashing is essential to complete most waterproofing and roofing applications and attention to detail is critical. Some basic rules to observe when designing or installing metal flashings are:

only “S-lock” or “standing seams” are permitted (see Section 10.2.1)
metal counter flashings always go on top of the completed roof membrane
limit metal flashing lengths to 3.04 m (10' )
extend base flashings down over membrane flashing at cants to minimum 25 mm (1") above roof membrane surface. (Not applicable to protected membrane roof assemblies.)

For further details, the Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association, Inc. (SMACNA) publishes a reliable reference for the proper design and installation of architectural sheet metal. The Architectural Sheet Metal Manual is available from:

Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association, Inc. c/o British Columbia Sheet Metal Association

156 - 4664 Lougheed Hwy Burnaby, B.C. V5C 5T5 (604) 299-4641

11.2 Material Standards

The following minimum gauges and / or weights of commonly used metals or alloys will be applied to all projects under the Guarantee Program. The length of metal flashing shall be limited to a maximum of 3.04 m (10').

GALVANIZED STEEL: 0.50 mm (0.0196", 26 gauge) galvanized steel sheet, conforming to ASTM A653 / A653M-06 CS Type B, Z275 (G90) coating. Thickness tolerance as per ASTM A924/A924M-06 ±0.08 mm (0.003") for sheet widths not exceeding 1500 mm (60").

ALUMINIUM – ZINC ALLOY COATED STEEL: 0.50 mm (0.0196", 26 gauge) aluminium-zinc alloy coated steel sheet, conforming to ASTM A792/A792M-06 CS Type B, AZM150 (AZ50) coating. Thickness tolerance as per ASTM A924/A924M-06 ±0.08 mm (0.003") for sheet widths not exceeding 1500 mm (60").

ALUMINIUM: 0.80 mm (0.032", 20 gauge) aluminium sheet, utility quality to CSA HA Series - 1975, plain or embossed finish. Maximum thickness tolerance variation ± 0.06 mm (0.0025") based on 1200 mm (48") wide sheet.

STAINLESS STEEL: 0.38 mm (0.014", 28 gauge) stainless steel, Type 302, 304, 316, 2B finish to ASTM A167-82. Maximum thickness tolerance variation ± 0.04 mm (0.0015") based on 1200 mm (48") wide sheet. COPPER: 0.56 mm (0.022", 16 oz.) copper sheet, cold rolled roofing copper to ASTM B370-81. Maximum thickness tolerance variation ± 0.09 mm (0.0035") based on 1200 mm (48") wide sheet.

ZINC: 0.80 mm (0.031") zinc Sheet conforming to European standard EN 988-1996. Maximum thickness tolerance variation ± 0.03 mm (0.0012").

Specifying authorities should indicate the type and gauge of metal required, as well as the qualifying standards. The reference standard for gauges is USS REV (metric in mm).

11.3 Attachment

The use of concealed in-seam fasteners is required. Any fastening of metal flashings on the top of parapet surfaces is strongly discouraged and is not permitted as the only attachment method.

If top-surface fastening must be used because of a specific job site condition, only appropriate screw-type fasteners with neoprene washers may be used. Nails are not acceptable. The outside and inside face of metal cap flashing must be attached with cladding fasteners (screws), and/or concealed clips. Continuous and discontinuous concealed clips and or cladding screw fasteners or a combination of these attachment methods are acceptable to secure metal cap flashing. No fastening of flashing is permitted within 87.7 mm (3-1/2") of the roof surface. Note: Cladding fasteners or concealed clips are not required on the inside face of roof edge cant strip details.

Cladding fasteners (screws) with gasketed washers, used as exposed fasteners for metal flashing, must be No. 8 or better, made of metal compatible with and corresponding in colour to, the flashing material being installed. Nails are not acceptable as exposed fasteners. The minimum number of cladding screws used to face fasten metal cap flashing shall be three (3) fasteners equally spaced (±10%) between seams of flashing formed from 3000 mm (10 ft.) metal stock and a minimum of two fasteners equally spaced (±10%) between flashing seams formed from 2400 mm (8 ft.) metal stock. Concealed clips, both continuous and discontinuous, shall be formed from the same metal type as the flashing being secured and be minimum 24 gauge in thickness. In addition, concealed clips are to be fastened as close to the bottom edge (hook) as practical but must not be fastened further than a maximum of 75 mm (3") from the bottom edge (hook). Concealed clips must engage drip or safety edges by a minimum of 12.7 mm (1/2").

Continuous Concealed Clips are to be attached with appropriate corrosive resistant fasteners spaced at a maximum of 300 mm (12") o/c. Discontinuous Concealed Clips shall consist of a single clip centred between the seams of each length of metal flashing. Clips shall be a minimum of 1000 mm (40") in length for flashing formed from 3000 mm (10 ft.) metal stock and a minimum 800 mm (32") in length for 2400 mm (8 ft.) metal stock. Discontinuous clips for shorter flashing lengths shall be approximately 1/3 the length of the metal flashing but not less than 100 mm (4") in length. Corrosive resistant fasteners for clips, to be spaced a maximum of 300 mm (12") o/c.

11.4 Curb Heights (Roof Openings)

On all roofing assemblies (protected, modified protected or conventional), the minimum curb height (equipment curbs, vent curbs, etc.) shall be 200 mm (8") above the roof surfacing. Surfacing is defined as the top of the roofing assembly, be it membrane or ballast.

11.5 Seams

Standing seams and S-lock seams are both acceptable.

Seaming of inside corners shall be carried to the base of the cant or the base of the metal. S-locks shall be fastened before the insertion of successive flashings. .2 Lap seams are acceptable only where the vertical run on the inside corner is less than 100 mm (4").

When the vertical height exceeds 300 mm (12"), standard seaming practices will be followed. When cants are not used on curbs standard seaming practices (standing seams) shall be followed, with the exception of the vertical flashing portion that is lapped to fit under counter flashing or equipment flanges.

For roof curb-flashing seams ( e.g. equipment, skylights, etc.), which do not exceed 300 mm (12") in height, lap-type seams may be used on the vertical portion provided standing seams are used in the cant area.

The design authority shall choose and specify the seaming system.

11.6 Cap Flashings, Base Flashings and Reglets

The top surface of walls (parapets, expansion joints, firewalls, roof dividers, etc.) wider than 100 mm (4" nominal) shall be constructed to provide positive slope to drain and be covered with metal cap flashing. Provide a reglet for all flashings terminating in concrete or masonry walls. When wall flashing terminates in a reglet, typically on high parapet walls, a coping flashing is required at the top of the parapet wall (See Metal Flashing Details; Section Reference needed). On new construction projects reglet and sloped wood blocking at top surface of concrete or masonry walls are to be installed by others (see Section 10.3.3).

On flexible membrane conventional roofing systems, when metal wall or curb base flashings are not specified, RGC and manufacturer's approved wall or curb stripping membranes are acceptable when used with a secondary metal counter flashing placed a maximum of 250 mm (10") above the surface of the roof assembly. Stucco stops are not considered secondary metal counter flashings (see Section 10.3.3).

Metal base flashings are required on all walls and curbs on roof systems that utilize gravel ballast filter mats. Metal base flashings on protected and modified protected membrane roofs must “kick out” minimum 50 mm (2") over insulation and filter fabric. (See note Section 10.1.1).

Neither No. 90 mineral roofing nor asphalt strip-type shingles are acceptable as parapet flashing in lieu of sheet metal flashing. Reglet must be 200 mm (8") minimum to 300 mm (12") maximum above the roof surface in conventional and protected membrane roofs. Roof surface is defined as the top of the roofing assembly, be it membrane or ballast.

In the case of multi-wythe masonry, composite walls, or parapets, and where not restricted by seismic codes, continuous flexible thru-wall flashings must be supplied and installed (by others), at the next course above the reglet or, alternatively, the inside of the parapet wall must be completely flashed or cladded.

Metal base flashing is required on all vertical surfaces, walls, curbs, etc. when hot asphalt is used to adhere stripping (flashing) membranes.

Gum edge or gum lip flashings should be avoided in all circumstances. If job conditions allow for no other alternative, written permission from RGC for use of gum edge flashing must be obtained (also called surface reglet) (see Section Reference needed).

11.7 Flashing on Stucco Walls

On stucco-faced walls, only 2-piece flashings are permitted. The upper piece, retaining the stucco, must have a vertical flange to extend behind stucco and building paper. Stucco stops are not considered metal counter flashings (see Section Reference needed).

12 OTHER DETAILS

TBA

Back to EPDM Roof Systems

Accepted Materials

Back to Low Slope Roofs

Gypsum Board Thickness	Deck Flute Width	Gypsum Board Size	Screws & Metal or Plastic Stress Plates	Bugle Head Drywall Screws
12.7mm (½")	up to 125mm (5")	1200 mm x 2400 mm (4' x 8’)	12	32
15.9mm (5/8")	up to 200mm (8")	1200 mm x 2400 mm (4’ x 8’)	12	32