View source for Model SBS Standard (2022)

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<big><big>Division B - Standards</big></big>
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<big><big><big><big><big><big>Model Standard (SBS-modified Bitumen Membrane Roof Systems)</big></big></big></big></big></big>
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  <div class="panel-heading"><big>'''About the Standard'''</big></div>
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{{hilite | This Standard is comprised of fourteen (14) Parts that contain the requirements, guiding principles, recommendations and informative materials necessary for a roof to qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-Year Guarantee''''', '''''RoofStar 10-Year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee'''''.  Requirements to qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee''''' are listed in each relevant Part under Section 1.  All '''''RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee''''' requirements must be read together with the General Requirements for each Part in this Standard. || 2020-July-3 }}

Notes to the Standard are hyperlinked from each Part, and can be read by using the link in the Table of Contents for the Standard.

This Standard follows a specific structure, incorporates defined terms, and utilizes coloured text to denote specific meaning; this is explained in [[Structure_and_Organization_of_RPM_and_Standards | Division A, Part 2, "Structure and Organization of RPM and Standards"].  When the requirements in this Standard conflict with other resources found either in this Manual or in ''manufacturer's'' published instructions, the rules for Authority and Conflict in [[Structure_and_Organization_of_RPM_and_Standards#2.3.1.2._Authority_and_Conflict | Division A, Article 2.3.1.2.]] shall be applied.

Readers are advised to review relevant materials that can be accessed through the {{hilite | hyperlinks embedded || 2020-July-3 }} in the body of text.
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{|
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! <big>Table of Contents</big>
|-
| [[#PART_1  | Part 1 - General]]
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| [[#PART_2  | Part 2 - Supporting Structures: Decks and Walls]]
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| [[#PART_3  | Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly]]
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| [[#PART_4  | Part 4 - Materials]]
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| [[#PART_5  | Part 5 - Deck and Wall Overlays]]
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| [[#PART_6  | Part 6 - Air and Vapour Controls]]
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| [[#PART_7  | Part 7 - Insulation]]
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| [[#PART_8  | Part 8 - Insulation Overlays]]
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| [[#PART_9  | Part 9 - Roof Field (Membrane Systems)]]
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| [[#PART_10 | Part 10 - Perimeters and Walls]]
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| [[#PART_11 | Part 11 - Drainage]]
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| [[#PART_12 | Part 12 - Penetrations and Curbs]]
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| [[#PART_13 | Part 13 - Linear Metal Flashing]]
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| [[#PART_14 | Part 14 - The Roof as a Platform]]
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| [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022) | Notes to Standard]]
|-
|}
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© RCABC 2022
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No reproduction of this Standard, in whole or in part, is lawful without the expressed permission of the RGC Guarantee Program.
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{| class="wikitable" | style="width: 100%;text-align:center" 
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! style="background-color: orange;" | Editor's note
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| style="color: black; background-color: #ffffcc; width: 100%;text-align:left" | {{hilite |Highlighted text within the body of the Standard and its Parts indicates revisions made within the last twelve (12) months.|| 2021-February-7 }}
<br>
Click the icon below for a PDF copy of the current Standards published on this page.  The reader is responsible to ensure that downloaded copies remain current with the online version of the '''''Roofing Practices Manual'''''.  Only the online version of these or any other '''''RoofStar Guarantee Standards''''' shall be considered valid for the purpose of designing and constructing a RoofStar-qualified Project.
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[[File:Pdf.png|50px|link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/3/3b/Standard_for_SBS_Modified_Bitumen_Membrane_Systems.pdf|'''Standard for SBS Modified Bitumen Membrane Systems''']]
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This Standard was revised effective '''June 17, 2021''' and replaces the Standard dated February 5, 2021.
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<div id=PART_1></div>
=Part 1 - General=
==Section 1.1. Design==
===1.1.1. General===
====1.1.1.1. Scope====

<ol>
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
<li>In addition to the Scope described in Division A, this Standard applies to the design and construction of ''roof systems'' that are site-built, or which may be factory fabricated, in part or in their entirety.
</li></ol>

====1.1.1.2. Coverage and Limitations====

<ol>
<li>Coverage under the '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' shall be as described in [[Guarantee#3.2.1.2._Limitations_and_Exclusions_of_Guarantee | Division A, Article 3.2.1.2.]]
</li></ol>

====1.1.1.3. References====

<ol>
<li>In this Standard, all references to
<ol>
<li>the "British Columbia Building Code" (the "Building Code", or the "Code"), to municipal or regional building codes or regulations, or to other standards, presume the current edition that is in force,
<li>materials mean those materials expressly accepted by the '''''Guarantor''''', unless stated otherwise, and
<li>measurements are shown in metric units first, followed by Imperial values (typically in parentheses; see [[Structure_and_Organization_of_RPM_and_Standards#2.1.3.2._Measurements | Division A, Article 2.1.3.2., "Measurements"]]).
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====1.1.1.4. Definitions====

<ol>
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].  Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part and the Standard:
<ol>
<li>''Design Authority'' means the individual or firm responsible for the issuance of ''project'' specifications and details to which the ''project'' will be bid and constructed.  When a ''Contractor'' designs a ''project'', the ''Contractor'' is deemed to be the ''Design Authority''.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite |''Finished roof system surface''|| 2020-February-3 }} {{hilite | means the top surface of any ''roof system'', inclusive of ballast or ''overburden''|| 2021-February-7 }}.</span>
<li>''Grade-level waterproofing system'' means an insulated or uninsulated ''system'', designed and constructed at grade with a sheet or liquid-applied membrane, to exclude water.
<li>{{hilite | ''Linear metal flashings''|| 2021-June-30 }} {{hilite | are flashings cut and shaped from flat metal stock, to redirect water at roof perimeters and edges, and are used in valleys and drainage spillways|| 2021-June-30 }}.
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">''Guarantor'' (used interchangeably with ''RGC'') means the RCABC Guarantee Corporation, which offers the '''''RoofStar Guarantee'''''.</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">''Membrane system'' means the combination of field and flashing membranes which function together to waterproof underlying materials and ''systems''.</span>
<li>''Waterproofing roof system'' means an insulated or uninsulated ''roof system'', designed and constructed on roofs using a sheet or liquid-applied membrane, to exclude water.  This type of ''system'' typically is installed on roof slopes less than 1:4 (3” in 12”).
<li>''Water-shedding roof system'' means an insulated or uninsulated ''roof system'', designed and constructed to shed water away from a structure, not to waterproof it.  This type of ''system'' typically is installed on roof slopes greater than 1:4 (3” in 12”), but may be installed on slopes as low as 1:6 (2" in 12").
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===1.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====1.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-Year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====1.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Standard for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', together with the following:
<ol>
<li>Each ''project'' must be designed and constructed in compliance with both the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Standards''''', together with the membrane manufacturer’s available 20-year System Warranty standards.
<li>Where enhanced roof system securement is required by the manufacturer, which may exceed the securement required in a ''Tested Assembly'', an ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance'' or a custom-engineered securement, the ''project'' must comply with the higher securement requirements.
<li>{{hilite | On all "new construction" ''projects'', where external access is not provided, all roofs with a field elevation greater than 7620 mm (25’) above grade must incorporate safe, appropriate access to the roof, for example by incorporating stairs and a doorway or a properly located roof hatch|| 2020-October-22 }} (<span class="recommended">Safe, appropriate access to the roof is recommended for existing buildings, to facilitate maintenance and ongoing performance reviews</span>).
<li>Moisture surveys for Membrane Replacement ''projects'' must be documented and submitted in report form to the '''''Guarantor''''' for review and consideration prior to tender; documented testing means a moisture survey scan performed by a qualified person, and
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | at least three (3) cut tests for roof areas up to 20,000 sf (200 squares), or one (1) cut test for every 2000 sf (20 squares), whichever is more || 2020-October-22 }},
<li>{{hilite | one (1) cut test for every 3000 sf (30 squares) of roof area that exceeds the first 20,000 sf (200 squares) || 2020-October-22 }}, or
<li>{{hilite | one (1) cut test for each small roof area measuring no more than 200 sf (2 squares) || 2020-October-22 }}.
</li></ol>
<li>{{hilite | Membrane Replacement ''projects'' must incorporate new insulation overlays in keeping with the requirements published in Part 8, ''Insulation Overlays'' || 2020-October-22 }}.
<li>{{hilite | Materials left in place for partial roof system replacement must be scanned for moisture || 2022-February-5 }} ([[#1.1.4.3._Partial_Roof_Replacement |Article 1.1.4.3.]]).
<li>{{hilite | All roofs (new construction and replacement roofing) must be built with a minimum slope of 2% (1:50) || 2022-February-5 }} ([[#2.1.2.2._RoofStar_15-Year_Guarantee |Article 2.1.2.2.]]).
<li>{{hilite | All replacement roofing must utilize crickets to enhance drainage around curbs and sleepers || 2022-February-5 }} ([[#2.1.2.2._RoofStar_15-Year_Guarantee |Article 2.1.2.2.]]).
<li>{{hilite | ''Curbs'' and sleepers wider/longer than 1219.2 mm (48") must incorporate crickets to improve drainage || 2022-February-5 }} ([[#7.1.2.2._RoofStar_15-Year_Guarantee |Article 7.1.2.2.]]).
<li>{{hilite | An insulation overlay is required on all ''conventionally insulated roof systems'' || 2022-February-5 }} ([[#8.1.2.2._RoofStar_15-Year_Guarantee |Article 8.1.2.2.]]).
<li>{{hilite | Only certain membranes will qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''' || 2022-February-5 }} ([[#9.1.2.2._RoofStar_15-Year_Guarantee |Article 9.1.2.2.]]).
<li>{{hilite | All drains and overflows require clamping rings, and overflows are required for each roof area || 2022-February-5 }} ([[#11.1.2.2._RoofStar_15-Year_Guarantee |Article 11.1.2.2.]]).
<li>{{hilite | Enhanced penetration flashing requirements || 2022-February-5 }} ([[#12.1.2.2._RoofStar_15-Year_Guarantee |Article 12.1.2.2.]]).
<li>{{hilite | ''Linear metal flashings'' must be fabricated from 24-gauge material || 2022-February-5 }} ([[#13.1.2.2._RoofStar_15-Year_Guarantee |Article 13.1.2.2.]]).
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===1.1.3. All Systems===
====1.1.3.1. Permitted Roof Systems====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-1.1.3.1. | Note A-1.1.3.1.]])

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">This Standard applies to new construction, and to the partial or complete replacement of existing roofs, constructed as </span>
<ol>
<li>''Uninsulated systems'' in which the membrane is bonded directly to the ''roof deck'' or an overlay, and is exposed to the weather and to sunlight,
<li>''Conventionally insulated systems'', sometimes referred to as ''Compact Roofs'', in which the membrane is installed above insulation and other ''roof system'' materials, and is exposed to the weather and to sunlight,
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">''Protected roof systems'', also referred to as “inverted”, in which the membrane is installed beneath other ''roof system'' or protection materials (usually insulation), and is protected from exposure to the weather and from sunlight</span>, and
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">''Modified protected roof systems'', which combine the functions and benefits of both a ''conventionally insulated system'' and a ''protected roof system'', and where the membrane is protected from exposure to the weather and to sunlight.</span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====1.1.3.2. Accessibility for Maintenance====

<ol>
<li><div class="recommended">All roofs with a field elevation greater than 7620 mm (25’) above grade should incorporate access to the roof by stairs and a doorway or with a properly located roof hatch.</span>
<li><span class="principles">Any hatch, ladder or mechanical unit should be located a sufficient distance away from the roof edge (setback zone) so that other fall protection measures are not required by those using or accessing this equipment</span>.
<li><span class="principles">When it is not possible to situate a hatch, ladder, or mechanical unit outside the setback zone, guard rails should be designed for the roof edge to provide additional fall protection for those using or accessing such equipment</span>.
<li><span class="principles">Each roof should be designed to provide safe access for maintenance of roof drains, corners, or mechanical equipment, where the roof is at least 3 m (10’) above the surface of the ground, or where a hazard to a person exists, should a fall be possible (this principle also applies to roof areas intended for regular occupancy); design elements to mitigate fall hazards should align with the Code having jurisdiction, and with the ''Workers Compensation Act Regulations'', and should include</span>
<ol>
<li><span class="principles">tall parapets</span>,
<li><span class="principles">guardrails</span>, or
<li><span class="principles">tie-off anchors</span>.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
<div id="ELD"></div>

====1.1.3.3. Membrane Integrity Testing====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-1.1.3.3. | Note A-1.1.3.3.]])

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Electrical current membrane integrity testing shall conform to</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">ASTM D7877, "Standard Guide for Electronic Methods for Detecting and Locating Leaks in Waterproof Membranes",</span> or 
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">ASTM D8231, "Standard Practice for the Use of Low Voltage Electronic Scanning System for Detecting and Locating Breaches in Roofing and Waterproofing Membranes."</span>
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">An electrical current membrane integrity test</span> <u>is required</u> when anyone other than the ''Contractor'' installs ''overburden'', amenities, or equipment, <span style="background:#FFFACD">(In this Standard, the term "electrical current membrane integrity test" means a test method that uses electrical current and electronic sensing technology to detect breaches in the membrane ''system'')</span>.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">An electrical current membrane integrity test</span> <u>is required</u> when the ''Contractor'' installs ''overburden'', amenities, or equipment, <u>but only when</u>
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | the total ''project'' area (footprint), inclusive of planters or other waterproofed features, exceeds 18.58 m2 (200 sf), and || 2021-October-30 }}
<li>''overburden'', amenities, or equipment exceed 152.4 mm (6”) in depth (see Figure 1.1.3-A).
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">An electrical current membrane integrity test</span> must be performed by an RGC-recognized service provider {{hilite | listed in [[Division_C | Division C]]|| 2021-October-30 }}.

{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ <small>Figure 1.1.3-A (Click to expand)</small> 
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| [[File:Figure 1.1.jpg|class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/c/cf/Figure_1.1.jpg | 450 px]]
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<li>Flood testing employed as a secondary or alternative membrane integrity test <span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="recommended">is strongly discouraged for ''conventionally insulated roof systems'' because of the risk of extensive damage to ''system'' components or the building interior</span>, and is best suited for ''protected roof systems'' (See [[Notes_to_Mock-up_of_SBS_Standard#A-1.1.3.3.(5) | Note A-1.1.3.3.(5)]])</span>.
<li>If flood testing is specified, it shall be conducted prior to the installation of insulation and roof coverings, and must be executed in keeping with ASTM D5957, "Standard Guide for Flood Testing Horizontal Waterproofing Installations".
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====1.1.3.4. Electronic Leak Detection====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-1.1.3.4.| Note A-1.1.3.4.]])

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Electronic Leak Detection (ELD), when specified by the ''Design Authority'', shall conform to</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">ASTM D7877, "Standard Guide for Electronic Methods for Detecting and Locating Leaks in Waterproof Membranes",</span> or 
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">ASTM D8231, "Standard Practice for the Use of Low Voltage Electronic Scanning System for Detecting and Locating Breaches in Roofing and Waterproofing Membranes."</span>
</li></ol>
<li>Electronic Leak Detection (ELD) is optional for ''waterproofing roof systems'', <span class="recommended">but strongly recommended</span>
<ol>
<li><span class="recommended">for ''projects'' where multiple trades will have access to a roof that is under construction and completed, to identify breaches in the waterproofing membrane in a timely way and avoid future costly delays</span>,
<li><span class="recommended">when the ''roof assembly'' protects a sensitive occupied space (i.e., data centres, hospitals, critical infrastructure)</span>, or
<li><span class="recommended">when the roof supports any type of ''overburden'', amenities, or equipment.</span>.
</li></ol>
<li>When Electronic Leak Detection is specified, it shall provide detection capabilities for all waterproofed surfaces, and should extend at least 50.8 mm (2") vertically from the ''drainage plane'' at
<ol>
<li>all transitions,
<li>any point along the entire deck perimeter, and
<li>protrusions.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====1.1.3.5. Hot Works====

(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-1.1.3.5.| Note A-1.1.3.5.]])

<ol>
<li><span class="recommended">{{hilite | The ''Design Authority'' may specify that the ''Contractor'' must maintain compliance with the RCABC Hot Works Program and consequently manage the Hot Works conducted on site</span> (See [[#1.3.2.1. Hot Works: Contractor Requirements | Article 1.3.2.1.]]) || 2021-February-7 }}.
<li>{{hilite | When the ''project'' involves Hot Work, the ''Design Authority'' must either || 2021-February-7 }}
<ol>
<li>{{hilite |pre-approve alternate applications already written in this Standard or another applicable Standard published in this ''Manual'', when the specified application is deemed to be fire-sensitive by the ''Contractor'' as part of the risk assessment process || 2021-February-7 }}, or
<li>{{hilite | provide alternate material and application requirements in the Specification for fire sensitive locations on the ''project'' || 2021-February-7 }}.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===={{hilite | 1.1.3.6. Variances || 2021-June-30 }}====

<ol>
<li>{{hilite | When a design is unable to conform to the Standard, the ''Design Authority'' may apply to the RGC for a written Variance.
<li>Application for a written Variance must be made in writing (email correspondence is common), and must|| 2021-June-30 }}
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | identify the ''project'' name and its civic address,
<li>identify the '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' number (if assigned)|| 2021-June-30 }},
<li>identify the ''Contractor'' (if awarded),
<li>{{hilite | articulate the nature of the design problem|| 2021-June-30 }},
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">identify the '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' requirement to be varied, and state the desired modification (i.e., reduce the requirement for 203.2 mm (8") to 152.4 mm (6")),</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | cite the reference to which the Variance will apply (i.e., Standard name, article number, sentence number, etc.)|| 2021-June-30 }},</span> and
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">provide design drawings, photographs, and roof plans, referencing grid lines that identify or articulate the boundaries to which the Variance will be applied.</span>
</li></ol>
<li>{{hilite |Variances are issued by the RGC only to the ''Design Authority'' and will be distributed to the ''Contractor''|| 2021-June-30 }}.
<li>{{hilite |A Variance may be unrestricted in its scope, or it may include one or more conditions, or a restriction in coverage, that will affect the design and construction of the ''project'', to accommodate the varied standard, but this is at the discretion of the '''''Guarantor'''''|| 2021-June-30 }}.
<li>{{hilite |Variances are issued only for the ''project''-specific issue identified in the written request, and do not constitute general permission to depart from the published requirements in this Standard, for any aspect of the same ''project'' or for future ''projects'', designed or constructed by any other firm|| 2021-June-30 }}.
</li></ol>

===1.1.4. Replacement and Alterations===

(The requirements in [[#1.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 1.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-1.1.4.| Note A-1.1.4.]])

====1.1.4.1. General Requirements====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Unless expressly permitted otherwise in this Standard, the design for replacement roofing shall conform to the requirements for new roofing in this Standard.</span>
</li></ol>

====1.1.4.2. Complete Roof System Replacement====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | Complete roof system replacement shall conform to the general requirements in [[#1.1.4.1. General Requirements | Article 1.1.4.1.]], unless expressly varied elsewhere in this Standard || 2021-June-30 }}</span>.
<li>{{hilite | ''Roof system'' replacement means the complete removal and replacement of all ''roof system'' and metal flashing materials, exclusive of the air or vapour control layers, and only new replacement materials shall be installed.|| 2021-June-30 }}
<li>Subject to the requirements in [[#Part 6 - Air and Vapour Controls | Part 6, "Air and Vapour Controls"]], the decision to reuse and repair an existing air or vapour control layer remains the responsibility of the ''Design Authority''.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">''Roof system'' replacement ''projects'' are eligible to qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''', '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', or a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', subject to their respective requirements</span>.
</li></ol>

====1.1.4.3. Partial Roof Replacement====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Partial replacement of ''roof systems'' is permitted by the '''''Guarantor''''', but coverage under the '''''Guarantee''''' is limited to new materials supplied and installed by the ''Contractor''.</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Retention of insulation materials in a ''roof system'' is subject to the requirements for insulation in Part 7.</span>
<li>Membrane replacement is considered a partial ''roof system'' replacement, and is limited to the membrane or materials adhered to the membrane; membrane replacement
<ol>
<li>may be specified without a written Variance from the '''''Guarantor''''', and
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">may qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' and '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', provided</span>
<ol>
<li>the ''Design Authority'' is certain the existing ''roof system'' is properly secured to the existing deck structure (See [[#Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly | Part 3, "Securing the Roof Assembly"]]),
<li>the existing ''roof system'' is demonstrably dry and free of any wet materials (wet materials must be replaced, in order to qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee'''''),
<li>the existing field membrane will be removed,
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">a new insulation overlay will be supplied and installed, together with a new roof membrane,</span>
<li>existing membrane flashing will be removed and replaced with new materials, and
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">the design  conform to the requirements in this Standard for new roof construction.</span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', membrane replacement ''projects'' must conform to the requirements of this Article, and shall include the removal and replacement of the insulation overlay (ref. [[#1.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee | Article 1.1.2.2.]]).</span>
</li></ol>

====1.1.4.4. Membrane Recovering====

<ol>
<li>Recovering (installing a <span style="background:#FFFACD">new ''membrane system'' over an existing ''membrane system''</span>)
<ol>
<li>may qualify for both a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' and a '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', but only if it is permitted under a written Variance issued by the '''''Guarantor''''' prior to the tendering of documents (<span class="recommended">recovering is not a recommended practice and will limit the scope of coverage under the</span> '''''RoofStar Guarantee'''''), and
<li>does not qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee'''''.
</li></ol>
<li>A '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' issued for a recovered roof is limited strictly to the value of new ''roof system'' materials; existing materials that remain in place beneath new materials are not covered by the '''''RoofStar Guarantee'''''.
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | Before proceeding with roof recovering, the ''Design Authority'' should consider|| 2022-June-17}}</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="principles">{{hilite | the requirements for moisture testing (described below)|| 2022-June-17}}</span></span>,
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | testing securement of materials to be left in place|| 2022-June-17}}</span>, and
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | the potential consequences of failure for the building and its use|| 2022-June-17}}</span>.
</li></ol> 
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">To qualify for a written Variance from the '''''Guarantor''''', the Variance request (See [[#1.1.3.6._Variances |Article 1.1.3.6.]])
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">must identify the type of ''roof system'' to which the Variance pertains ({{hilite |i.e., ''uninsulated''|| 2022-June-17 }}, ''conventionally insulated'', ''protected'', or ''modified protected'' ''roof system''),</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">must indicate how the new ''roof system'' will be secured (See [[#Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly | Part 3, "Securing the Roof Assembly"]]),</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">must specify how the existing ''roof system'' will be physically separated from other roof areas,</span> and
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">must include the formal independent report that describes the condition of the existing ''roof system'', and which documents results from cut tests and moisture investigation that are prerequisites for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee'''''.</span>
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><u>{{hilite | ''Uninsulated'' and ''protected roof systems''|| 2022-June-17}}</u> presented to the '''''Guarantor''''' in a written Variance application by the ''Design Authority'' must be 
<ol>
<li>free of blisters and breaches in the membrane,
<li>independently surveyed by qualified professionals, when they are constructed on a wood ''deck'', using calibrated moisture detection equipment, and
<li>cut open and probed for moisture and deterioration when any moisture is detected in a wood ''deck'' (the results of such investigation must be formally documented for review by the '''''Guarantor'''''),</span> or
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><u>''Conventionally insulated'' and ''modified protected roof systems''</u> presented to the '''''Guarantor''''' in a written Variance application by the ''Design Authority'' must be independently surveyed by qualified professionals using calibrated moisture detection equipment and cut tests, and the resulting survey shall be formally documented for review by the '''''Guarantor'''''.</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">All cut test surveys performed on ''conventionally insulated systems''</span>    
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">shall be independently documented for review by the '''''Guarantor''''',</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">must be performed using ASTM D7636/D7636M-11, "Standard Practice for Sampling and Analysis of Modified Bitumen Roof Systems",</span> and
<li>shall be no fewer than
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">three (3), for roof areas up to 20,000 sf (200 squares), or one (1) for every 2,000 sf (20 squares), whichever is more,</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">one (1) for every 3000 sf (30 squares) of roof area that exceeds the first 20,000 sf (200 squares),</span> and
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">one (1) for each small roof area equal to or less than 200 sf (2 squares).</span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
<li>When a ''conventionally insulated roof system''
<ol>
<li>is structurally sloped, at least half (50%) of the required cut tests shall sample the roof in or near valleys, and near roof drains.
<li>is structurally ''flat'', samples shall be taken near roof drains and in a random pattern across the roof.  
</li></ol>
<li>All wet material identified by either the independent moisture detection survey or through cut tests shall be specified for removal.
</li></ol>

====1.1.4.5. Tie-ins, Additions, and Alterations to Existing Roofing====

<ol>
<li>Where a new roof adjoins and ties into an existing roof, the two areas must be isolated and separated by a ''control joint'' securely attached to the structure and waterproofed in keeping with the requirements in both [[#2.1.6.2. Control Joints (Roof Dividers) | Article 2.1.6.2., "Control Joints (Roof Dividers)"]], and [[#Part 10 - Perimeters and Walls | Part 10, "Perimeters and Walls"]]. 
<li>If ''project'' conditions do not allow for a curb joint, the ''Design Authority'' must submit an alternative design and obtain a written Variance from the '''''Guarantor''''' that permits the elimination of curb joints  (see [[#1.1.3.6._Variances |Article 1.1.3.6., "Variances"]]); any alternative design
<ol>
<li>must include design specifications and construction details showing a positive water cut-off that fully isolates the existing ''roof system'' from the new ''roof system'', and
<li>shall show how the new ''roof system'' will be easily distinguishable from the existing ''roof system''.
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Repairs or renovations to an existing ''roof system'' that is not covered by a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' do not qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' (the term "renovation" means the removal and replacement of, or the application of a cover to, a portion of the ''roof system'').</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Modifications or additions to a guaranteed roof are permissible, subject to various conditions, but must be made by a ''Contractor'' qualified to perform work under the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program'''''.</span>
</li></ol>

===1.1.5. Reserved===

==Section 1.2. Reserved==

==Section 1.3. Application==
===1.3.1. Reserved===
===1.3.2. All Systems===
====1.3.2.1. Hot Works: {{hilite | Contractor Requirements || 2021-February-7 }}====

<ol>
<li>The ''Contractor'' must maintain the requirements of the RCABC Hot Works Program, including (without limitation)
<ol>
<li>'''Insurance Coverage''', wherein the limits carried on the ''Contractor’s'' policy must equal or exceed the minimum requirements set by RCABC, and coverage must be unhindered by warranties that limit or exclude coverage when Hot Works is required,
<li>'''Education and training''', since workers who perform Hot Works must be trained by the ''Contractor'' and kept current with acceptable methods,
<li>the [https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/content/public/bcfc2018/?xsl=/templates/browse.xsl&xsl=/templates/browse.xsl '''British Columbia Fire Code'''], wherein a Fire Safety Plan, preventative methods or alternative work procedures, fire watches, and the use and placement of equipment at the ''project'' site must comply with the BC Fire Code requirements for Hot Work,
<li>a '''Fire Safety Plan''', whereby 
<ol>
<li>the ''Contractor'' must assess the hazards to property and persons and produce a written Fire Safety Plan prior to the start of work, and
<li>the Fire Safety Plan must be kept on the ''project'' site and must be kept current until the ''project'' is completed,
</li></ol>
<li>'''RoofStar Guarantee Standards''', to which the ''Contractor'' must conform, at each juncture where the interface of different membranes applications constitutes part of the Fire Safety Plan,
<li>a '''Fire Watch''', in which the ''Contractor'' must, as part of the Fire Safety Plan, conduct a fire watch
<ol>
<li>that complies with the "British Columbia Fire Code",
<li>is assigned to competent, trained personnel using suitable equipment, including the use of a hand-held infrared thermometer, and
<li>is documented in a written fire watch log, and
</li></ol>
<li>'''Hot Works Notification''', wherein the ''Contractor'' shall notify the ''project'' authority or the AHJ, as and when required, that Hot Works will be performed.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====1.3.2.2. Workmanship====

(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-1.3.2.2. | Note A-1.3.2.2.]])

<ol>
<li>{{hilite | The ''Contractor'' must take reasonable measures to protect the ''project'' from damage by the weather, during and at the completion of {{hilite |the ''project''||2022-February-5 }}.
<li>Open penetrations and flashings must be temporarily sealed off from the weather, even when other trades are responsible to make a permanent seal or install overlapping materials (See [[#4.2.1.1. Use of Accepted Materials | Article 4.2.1.1.]]) || 2021-February-7 }}.
</li></ol>

====1.3.2.3. Contractor Qualifications====

<ol>
<li>Supervision and installation of a RoofStar-guaranteed ''waterproofing roof system'' may be conducted only by established employees of the ''Contractor'', and every ''project'' must be supervised by a Journeyperson employee who holds a valid ticket.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">A Journeyperson may supervise a maximum of three (3) apprentices and/or three (3) labourers (ref. RCABC Policy A-248).</span>
</li></ol>

===1.3.3. Replacement and Alterations===
(The requirements in [[#1.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 1.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)

====1.3.3.1. General Requirements====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Unless expressly permitted otherwise in this Standard, all replacement roofing shall conform to the requirements for new roofing in this Standard.</span>
</li></ol>

====1.3.3.2. Complete Roof System Replacement====

<ol>
<li>See the requirements throughout this Standard, which apply to both new construction and replacement of a ''roof system''.
</li></ol>

====1.3.3.3. Partial Roof Replacement====

<ol>
<li>See the requirements throughout this Standard, which apply to both new construction and replacement of a roof membrane.
</li></ol>

====1.3.3.4. Membrane Recovering====
(See [[#1.1.4.4. Membrane Recovering | Article 1.1.4.4.]])

<ol>
<li>All wet material identified by either the independent moisture detection survey or through cut tests shall be removed in the course of construction.
<li>{{hilite | When recovering <u>''uninsulated systems''</u>|| 2022-June-17 }},
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | deteriorated wood ''decks'' must be repaired with new material of like kind and quality; a new ''roof system'' shall not be installed on a compromised ''deck''|| 2022-June-17 }},
<li>{{hilite | the existing membrane system must be|| 2022-June-17 }}
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | clean and free of debris, gravel, or blisters|| 2022-June-17 }}, and
<li>{{hilite | cut at the perimeter change in plane to relieve any tension or distortions in the membrane|| 2022-June-17 }}, and
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | the existing field and flashing membranes must be overlaid with a mechanically attached, inorganic moisture-resistant insulation overlay board acceptable to the '''''Guarantor''''', secured to conform to the requirements in Part 3|| 2022-June-17 }}.</span>
</li></ol>
<li>{{hilite | When recovering <u>''conventionally insulated systems''</u>|| 2022-June-17 }}, {{hilite | the existing membrane must be cut through|| 2022-June-17 }} 
<ol>
<li>in a grid pattern measuring no larger than 6m x 6m (approximately 20' x 20'), and
<li>around the perimeter of the roof area, no more than 0.2 m (8") from the edge.
</li></ol>
<li>A grid-cut field membrane must be overlaid with a mechanically attached, inorganic moisture-resistant insulation overlay board acceptable to the '''''Guarantor'''''.
<li>When expanded polystyrene insulation (EPS) is present in an existing ''roof system'', the existing membrane must be overlaid with at least one layer of 50.8 mm (2”) mineral wool or polyisocyanurate insulation, in combination with a RoofStar-accepted insulation overlay board (as required).
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">New ''membrane system'' materials must be properly secured to the underlying ''roof assembly''.</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">All membrane recovering ''projects'' must incorporate only new</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">strip-in flashings for roof penetrations (ref. [[#Part 12 - Penetrations and Curbs | Part 12]]),</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">roof drains (cast-iron roof drains in usable condition are exempted from this requirement; see [[#11.3.3.1. Drain Sumps | Article 11.3.3.1.]]),</span> and
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">''linear metal flashings'' (Ref. [[#Part 13 - Linear Metal Flashing | Part 13]]).</span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====1.3.3.5. Tie-ins, Additions, and Alterations to Existing Roofing====

<ol>
<li>Where a new roof adjoins and ties into an existing roof, the two areas must be isolated and separated by a curb joint securely attached to the structure and waterproofed in keeping with the requirements for control joints ([[#2.1.6.2. Control Joints (Roof Dividers) | Article 2.1.6.2.]] and [[#10.3.6.2. Control Joints | Article 10.3.6.2.]]). 
<li>If the ''Design Authority'' has obtained from the '''''Guarantor''''' a written Variance that permits the elimination of curb joints, the new ''roof system'' must be fully isolated from the existing ''roof system'' with a positive water cut-off that renders the new ''roof system'' easily distinguishable from the existing ''roof system''.
</li></ol>

====<span style="background:#D8BFD8">1.3.3.6. Repairs and Modifications</span>====

<ol>
<li>When a ''roof system'' that is covered by an active (unexpired) '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' has been damaged or otherwise requires repairs, work shall conform to the specifications of the material manufacturers, and to the requirements in this Standard, with respect to (without limitation)
<ol>
<li>the securement of new materials ([[#Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly | Part 3]]),
<li>deck or wall overlays ([[#Part 5 - Deck and Wall Overlays | Part 5]]),
<li>continuity of air and vapour controls ([[#Part 6 - Air and Vapour Controls | Part 6]]),
<li>thermal resistance and insulation overlays ([[#Part 7 - Insulation | Part 7]] and [[#Part 8 - Insulation Overlays | Part 8]]),
<li>membranes ([[#Part 9 - Roof Field (Membrane Systems) | Part 9]]), 
<li>membrane flashing ([[#Part 10 - Perimeters and Walls | Part 10]]),
<li>drains ([[#Part 11 - Drainage | Part 11]]),
<li>penetrations and curbs ([[#Part 12 - Penetrations and Curbs | Part 12]]), and
<li>linear metal flashings ([[#Part 13 - Linear Metal Flashing | Part 13]]).
</li></ol>
<li>Modifications to an existing ''roof system'' covered by an active (unexpired) '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''', including (without limitation) the addition of new ''curbs'', drains, or penetrations, shall conform to all the requirements in this Standard, or as otherwise stated.
</li></ol>

===1.3.4. Reserved===

<hr>
<div id=PART_2></div>

=Part 2 - Supporting Structures: Decks and Walls=
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-2 | Note A-2]])

=={{hilite | Section 2.1. Design || 2021-June-30 }}==
===2.1.1. General===
====2.1.1.1. Scope====

<ol>
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
</li></ol>

====2.1.1.2. Definitions====

<ol>
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].  Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part:
<ol>
<li>''Flat'' (roof) means a roof with a slope less than 1:6 (2” in 12”, or 9 degrees).
<li>''Low Slope'' means a roof with a slope 1:6 (2" in 12", or 9 degrees, up to but less than 1:3 (4” in 12”, or 18 degrees).
<li>''Common Slope'' means a roof with a slope 1:3 (4” in 12”, or 18 degrees), up to and including 1:1 (12” in 12”, or 45 degrees).
<li>''Steep Slope'' means a roof with a slope <u>greater than</u> 1:1 (12” in 12”, or 45 degrees) up to and including 21:12 (21” in 12”, or 84 degrees).
<li>''Extreme Slope'' means a roof with a slope <u>greater than</u> 21:12 (21” in 12”, or 84 degrees).
<li>{{hilite | ''Supporting deck'' ("deck")|| 2021-June-30 }} {{hilite | means the "structural surface to which a ''roof system'' is applied" (adapted from ''ASTM D1079-18 Standard Terminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproofing'')|| 2021-June-30 }}.
<li>{{hilite | ''Deck overlay''|| 2021-June-30 }} {{hilite | means a panel material secured to the ''supporting deck'', to render the deck surface suitable for the installation of roofing materials|| 2021-June-30 }}.
<li>{{hilite | ''Wall''|| 2021-June-30 }} {{hilite | means a structural or non-structural element in a building that vertically separates space.  ''Walls'' may separate the outside environment from the interior conditioned space of a building, or they may separate one or more interior spaces from each other (adapted from ASTM E631-15, "Standard Terminology of Building Constructions")|| 2021-June-30 }}.
<li>{{hilite | ''Wall overlay''|| 2021-June-30 }} {{hilite | means a panel material secured to the surface of a ''wall'', to render it suitable for the installation of roofing or wall cladding materials|| 2021-June-30 }}.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===2.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====2.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====2.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', {{hilite | and shall (for replacement roofs) || 2020-October-22 }} 
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | be designed with a minimum slope of 2% (1/4” in 12”), measured on the primary sloped planes of the roof || 2020-October-22 }}, and
<li>{{hilite | incorporate crickets at ''curbs'' and sleepers that impede drainage or are wider or longer than 1219.2 mm (48”)|| 2020-October-22 }}.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===2.1.3. All Systems===
====2.1.3.1. General Requirements for Roof Slope====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-2.1.3.1. | Note A-2.1.3.1.]])

<ol>
<li>The ''Design Authority'' must design the slope of a roof to achieve proper drainage and must take into consideration the anticipated deflection and settlement of the structure, which may interfere with drainage.
<li>Throughout this Standard, the defined terms of [[#2.1.1.2. Definitions | Article 2.1.1.2.]] apply (See Figure 2.1.3-A for an illustrated guide to the above definitions).
<li><span class="principles">While good drainage is desirable but not always perfectly achievable, and roof ''waterproofing systems'' generally are not affected by standing water, each ''project'' design should incorporate sufficient slope to move water off the roof surface</span>.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">"Sufficient slope", which is subject to conditions that permit evaporation, shall mean that no standing water remains on the roof surface after a reasonable interval following a rainfall</span> (See [[Notes_to_Mock-up_of_SBS_Standard#A-2.1.3.1.(4) | Note A-2.1.3.1.(4)]]).
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="principles">Roof slope should be increased beyond the minimums published in this Standard when local climate conditions, such as rainfall frequency or severity, result in ongoing or significant ponding conditions</span> (see [[#2.1.3.2. Roof Slope for New Construction | Article 2.1.3.2.]] and [[#2.1.3.3. Roof Slope for Replacement Roofing | Article 2.1.3.3.]] for minimum requirements).</span>
<li><span class="principles">Drainage (slope toward plumbing drains) should be achieved (in descending order of best practices) with</span>
<ol>
<li><span class="principles">four-way slope to drain</span>,
<li><span class="principles">two-way slope to drain, in combination with crickets between drains</span>,
<li><span class="principles">slope to a common valley, or to gutters</span>, or
<li><span class="recommended">positive sloping valleys to drains (highly recommended)</span>.
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="recommended">The use of drain sumps, designed to isolate collected water for the drain, is {{hilite | highly || 2020-October-22 }} recommended</span>, but sloping the perimeters of a sump is not required (See also [[#11.1.3.1. Principles of Design | Article 11.1.3.1., "Principles of Design"]]).</span>
</li></ol>
:{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ <small>Figure 2.1.3-A (Click to expand)</small>
|-
| [[File:2.1 Slope illustration.jpg|link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/d/d3/2.1_Slope_illustration.jpg | 350 px]]
|}

====2.1.3.2. Roof Slope for New Construction====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">All new construction roofs must be designed and built with a slope of no less than 2% (1/4” in 12”), measured on the primary sloped planes of the roof.</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">When the slope of the primary plane of drainage</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">is less than 6% (3/4" in 12"), it must be covered with a 2-ply membrane ''roof system''.</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">is equal to or greater than 6% (3/4" in 12"), it may be covered with a single-ply membrane ''roof system''.</span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====2.1.3.3. Roof Slope for Replacement Roofing====

<ol>
<li>Replacement roof systems may qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''' without correcting poor drainage, though <span class="recommended">the elimination of ponding (standing water) is strongly recommended</span>.
</li></ol>

====2.1.3.4. Deck Condition and Suitability for Roofing====

<ol>
<li>The Code having jurisdiction prevails in all cases except where it is exceeded by the requirements published in this Standard.
<li>Notwithstanding the requirements in this Standard, the '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' does not cover the ''supporting deck'' material or its attachment to the building structure, which is the responsibility of the ''Design Authority'' and the building contractor.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">The supporting ''deck'' must be dimensionally stable, resist deflection from dead and live loads, and must be capable of accommodating ''roof system'' component movement</span>.
<li><span class="principles">''Walls'', ''parapets'', ''curbs'', blocking, and penetrations should be constructed or placed by other trades prior to the commencement of roofing work</span>.
</li></ol>

====2.1.3.5. Drainage Around Obstructions====

<ol>
<li><span class="principles">''Curbs'' that span 2438.4 mm (96") or more when measured perpendicular to roof slope, across the direction of drainage, should be designed with a cricket to divert water around the ''curb''</span>.
</li></ol>

===2.1.4. Reserved===
===2.1.5. Roof Decks===
====2.1.5.1. Steel Roof Decks====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-2.1.5.1.| Note A-2.1.5.1.]]) (See also [[#Part 9 - Roof Field (Membrane Systems) | Part 9]] and [[#Part 10 - Perimeters and Walls | Part 10]] for substrate preparation requirements)

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Steel ''decks'' must be acceptable to the ''manufacturer'' and must conform to either</span>
<ol>
<li>ASTM Standard Specification A653 / A653M, "Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) or Zinc-Iron Alloy-Coated (Galvannealed) by the Hot-Dip Process": Structural (Physical) Quality, minimum Grade 33, with a design thickness of 22-gauge (0.759 mm) or greater and a minimum zinc coating designation ''Z275'', or
<li>ASTM Standard Specification A792 / A792M, "Steel Sheet, Aluminum-Zinc Alloy-Coated by the Hot-Dip Process": General Requirements, minimum Grade 33, with a design thickness of 22-gauge (0.759 mm) or greater and a minimum aluminum-zinc alloy coating designation ''AZ150''.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====2.1.5.2. Concrete Roof Decks====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-2.1.5.2.| Note A-2.1.5.2.]])

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Cast-in-place and precast concrete decks must cure for at least 28 days before receiving an adhered roof membrane ("adhered", as it is used in this requirement, means fully or intermittently bonding any membrane to the ''deck'' with an adhesive, hot asphalt (bitumen), or heat), but this limitation may be reduced if</span> 
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">both the building envelope engineer</span> <span style="background:#D8BFD8">and the ''manufacturer''</span> <span style="background:#FFFACD">expressly permit membrane application within the first 28 days after pouring,</span> and 
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">their respective signed letters of permission are furnished to the '''''Guarantor''''' forthwith, to be included with the ''project'' record.</span>
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Membranes may not be adhered to lightweight insulation concrete unless expressly permitted by the ''manufacturer''.</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Shotcrete-formed concrete decks are not an acceptable substrate for the application of sheet membranes.</span>
</li></ol>

====2.1.5.3. All Wood Roof Decks====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-2.1.5.3.| Note A-2.1.5.3.]])
 
<ol>
<li>Wood decks 
<ol>
<li>must conform to the material requirements of the Code (see "British Columbia Building Code", Division B, Part 9, [https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcbc2018/bcbc_2018dbp9s923 Article 9.23.16.2.. "Material Standards"]),
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">shall be free of loose knots or cracks.</span>, and
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite |shall be secured to other supporting structural elements of the building in keeping with the published requirements of the Code having jurisdiction || 2021-February-7 }}; specifying the structural suitability of fasteners is the responsibility of the ''Design Authority''.</span>
</li></ol>
<li>Differential edge movements or deflection exceeding 1/360 of the span must be prevented
<ol>
<li>by constructing the ''deck'' with tongue-and-groove plywood, and supporting the non-grooved edges with joists or solid blocking, or
<li>by supporting butt joints at unsupported edges with solid blocking.
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | All mass timber or wood board ''decks'' must be covered with a properly secured, suitable overlay to || 2021-February-7 }} </span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">ensure the integrity of the membrane as mass timber elements contract and expand, and</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | protect membranes from wood sap or ''deck'' surface irregularities and protruding fasteners; plywood and non-veneered panel ''decks'' are exempted from this requirement || 2021-February-7 }}.</span>
</li></ol>
<li><span class="principles">All types of wood ''decks'' should be roofed promptly after installation</span>.
</li></ol>

====2.1.5.4. Plywood Roof Decks====

<ol>
<li><span class="principles">The plywood panels should conform to CSA 0121, “Douglas Fir Plywood”, CSA 0151, “Canadian Softwood Plywood”, or CSA 0153, “Poplar Plywood”</span>, but in any event must conform to the requirements published in the Code having jurisdiction.
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">All plywood decks (notwithstanding the minimum requirements for plywood used to overlay mass timber and wood board ''decks''; see [[#2.1.5.5. Mass Timber Roof Decks | Article 2.1.5.5.]], [[#2.1.5.6. Non-veneered Panel Roof Decks | Article 2.1.5.6.]], and [[#2.1.5.7. Wood Board Roof Decks | Article 2.1.5.7.]]) shall be constructed to conform to the "British Columbia Building Code" for either Part 3 or Part 9 buildings, and shall be</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">at least 12.7 mm (1/2”) thick, unless exceeded by the specified securement design (Ref. [[#Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly | Part 3, "Securing the Roof Assembly"]]),</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">free of loose knots and cracks, which are considered defects and must be covered with sheet metal, mechanically fastened in place,</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">securely fastened to roof framing, and installed so that the surface grain (plywood) runs at right angles to the roof framing,</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">properly gapped between panels, and</span> 
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">fully supported along all panel edges.</span>
</li></ol>
<li>When a plywood ''deck'' is intended to support a ''protected roof system'' and a ''Vegetated Roof System'', 
<ol>
<li><span class="recommended">the plywood should be marine-grade T&G material at least 19.05 mm (3/4”) thick</span>, and
<li>the ''Design Authority'' shall be responsible to calculate the anticipated live and dead loads of the ''system'' and design suitable approaches to mitigate deflection.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====2.1.5.5. Mass Timber Roof Decks====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Mass timber decks, which include cross-laminated timbers (CLT), nail-laminated timbers (NLT), dowel-laminated timbers (DLT), and traditional glue-laminated timbers (Glulam), are acceptable to the '''''Guarantor''''' but must be overlaid with plywood conforming to the material requirements in [[#5.2.1.1. Suitability of Overlays | Article 5.2.1.1.]]</span>
</li></ol>

====2.1.5.6. Non-veneered Panel Roof Decks====
(See [[#Part 9 - Roof Field (Membrane Systems) | Part 9, ''Roof Field (Membrane Systems)'')

====2.1.5.7. Wood Board Roof Decks====

<ol>
<li><span class="principles">Wood board ''decks'' should be of sound seasoned lumber, properly secured to the supporting structure</span>.
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Wood board decks must be overlaid with plywood conforming to [[#5.2.1.1. Suitability of Overlays | Article 5.2.1.1.]], to render the deck suitable for roofing.</span>
</li></ol>

===2.1.6. Expansion and Control Joints===
====2.1.6.1. Expansion Joints====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-2.1.6.1.| Note A-2.1.6.1.]]) (See also [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Construction_Details Construction Details] and [[#10.3.6.1. Expansion Joints | Article 10.3.6.1.]] concerning membrane application.)

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">The design and placement of structural expansion joints is the responsibility of the ''Design Authority'', but they must be considered wherever</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">expansion or contraction joints are provided in the structural assembly,</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">differential movement between structural components may occur (i.e., where a wall and the deck are separately supported,</span> or
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">seismic movement is anticipated.</span>
</li></ol>
<li>The location of expansion joints must be clearly indicated on the drawings, drawn in detail, and included in the specifications.
<li>The construction of structural expansion joints is the responsibility of others and must be in place before the ''Contractor'' accepts the deck for roofing.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Expansion joints on roofs</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">must be designed as a raised divider that incorporates a sloped top surface,</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">may utilize an elastomeric expansion system (see [[#10.1.6.1. Expansion Joints | Article 10.1.6.1.]] and [[#10.3.6.1. Expansion Joints | Article 10.3.6.1.]]),</span> and 
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">must have a designed height no less than 203.2 mm (8") when measured from the <span style="background:#FFFACD">''finished roof system surface''</span></span>.
</li></ol>
<li>The minimum height of an expansion joint may be reduced to 101.6 mm (4") if the primary roof membrane flashing is fully supported and sealed over the top.
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Water may not be drained through or over an expansion joint.</span>
</li></ol>

====2.1.6.2. Control Joints (Roof Dividers)====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-2.1.6.2.| Note A-2.1.6.2.]]) (See also [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Construction_Details Construction Details] and [[#10.3.6.2. Control Joints | Article 10.3.6.2.]] concerning membrane application.)

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">The ''Design Authority'' is responsible</span> 
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">to determine the need for ''control joints'' (roof dividers), and </span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">to specify their location and design.</span>
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">The ''Design Authority'' must consider specifying control joints </span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">when a single roof area exceed 61 m (approx. 200’) in length and the membrane is limited in its flexibility (consult the manufacturer for their recommendations), </span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">for buildings in climate zones with significant seasonal temperature swings, </span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">where an addition joins an existing building, </span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">where the deck type changes (i.e., steel transitions to wood), </span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">where insulation in the ''roof system'' changes thickness, </span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">where the ''roof deck'' changes in elevation, </span> and
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">when interior heating conditions change. </span>
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Unless otherwise approved by the '''''Guarantor''''', ''control joints'' must be specified to divide a new ''roof system'' (addition) from existing ''roof systems'' (Ref. [[#1.1.4.5. Tie-ins, Additions, and Alterations to Existing Roofing | Article 1.1.4.5.]]).</span>
</li></ol>

===2.1.7. Walls===
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-2.1.7.| Note A-2.1.7.]])

====2.1.7.1. General====
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | ''Wall'' surfaces must be clean, dry, and smooth, suitable for the application of ''roof system'' materials|| 2021-June-30 }}.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | Wood or steel-stud ''walls'' must be sheathed with a material suitable for adhering membranes and securing metal flashings|| 2021-June-30 }}.</span>.
<li>{{hilite | ''Sheathing'', defined as a rigid panel material secured directly onto framing, is considered a wall surface for the purpose of this Standard|| 2021-June-18 }}.
<li>{{hilite | ''Wall'' surfaces receiving ''waterproofing'' materials must extend beyond the maximum installed height of the ''waterproofing'', but in any event must be installed at least 203.2 mm (8”) above the|| 2021-June-18 }} <span style="background:#FFFACD">''finished roof system surface''</span> {{hilite | (for ''wall'' overlays, refer to [[#5.2.1.3. Overlays for Walls | Article 5.2.1.3.]])|| 2021-June-18 }}.
<li>Indirect connections between walls and roofs require a ''control joint'' (See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-2.1.6.2. | Note A-2.1.6.2.]]).
</li></ol>

===2.1.8. Electrical Cables and Boxes===
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-2.1.8.| Note A-2.1.8.]] concerning electrical systems, fire and shock hazards, and Rule 12-022 of the Canadian Electrical Code, Part I)

====2.1.8.1. New Construction====
<ol>
<li>Electrical cables, raceways or boxes shall not be installed within a ''roof assembly'' {{hilite | (Figure 2.1.8.-A)|| 2021-February-7 }}.
<li>Electrical cables, raceways or boxes shall not be installed on the underside of a ''roof assembly'', unless
<ol>
<li>the ''supporting deck'' structure equals or exceeds 76.2 mm (3”) in thickness {{hilite | (Figure 2.1.8.-B)|| 2021-February-7 }}, or
<li>the cables, raceways or boxes are installed and supported so there is a separation of not less than 38.1 mm (1-1/2") measured between the underside of the ''roof assembly'' and the electrical installation {{hilite | (Figure 2.1.8.-C)|| 2021-February-7 }}.
</li></ol>
<li>Notwithstanding either (1) and (2), cables or raceways shall be permitted to pass through a ''roof assembly'' for connection to electrical equipment installed on the roof, provided that the passage through the roof is a part of the ''roof assembly'' design.
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | Electrical cables installed above the ''roof assembly'' should be elevated to permit proper support, roof maintenance and future replacement roofing</span>|| 2021-February-7 }} {{hilite | (Figure 2.1.8.-D)|| 2021-February-7 }}.
</li></ol>

<div class="col-md-12">
<div class="col-md-2">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ {{hilite | <small>Figures 2.1.8.-A (Click to expand)</small>|| 2021-February-7 }}
|-
| [[File:Figure 2.7.1-1.jpg|class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/5/51/Figure_2.7.1-1.jpg | 250 px]]
|}
</div>
<div class="col-md-2">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ {{hilite | <small>Figures 2.1.8.-B (Click to expand)</small>|| 2021-February-7 }}
|-
| [[File:Figure 2.7.1-2.jpg|class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/e/e9/Figure_2.7.1-2.jpg | 250 px]]
|}
</div>
<div class="col-md-2">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ {{hilite | <small>Figures 2.1.8.-C (Click to expand)</small>|| 2021-February-7 }}
|-
| [[File:Figure 2.7.1-3.jpg|class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/6/6d/Figure_2.7.1-3.jpg | 250 px]]
|}
</div>
<div class="col-md-2">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ {{hilite | <small>Figures 2.1.8.-D (Click to expand)</small>|| 2021-February-7 }}
|-
| [[File:Figure 2.7.1-4.jpg|class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/5/58/Figure_2.7.1-4.jpg | 250 px]]
|}
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-12">
<br>
</div>

====2.1.8.2. Roof Replacement and Alterations====

<ol>
<li>If existing electrical cables or boxes do not conform to the requirements in [[#2.1.8.1. New Construction | Article 2.1.8.1.]], the ''Design Authority'' must consider the attachment of the ''roof system'' above the electrical system, and the requirements set out in [[#Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly | Part 3, "Securing the Roof Assembly"]].
<li><span class="principles">The ''Design Authority'' should</span> 
<ol>
<li><span class="principles">specify protection of existing electrical cables and boxes (a 4.76 mm (3/16”) steel plate may be used to minimize the possibility of fastener penetration and cutter damage, {{hilite | but protection plates may interfere with mechanical fasteners used to secure the ''roof system'' against wind uplift, even for future replacement roofing)|| 2021-February-7 }}</span>, and
<li><span class="principles">provide the building owner with detailed as-built drawings that accurately map the location of electrical cables and boxes</span>.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

==Section 2.2. Materials==
===2.2.1. Material Properties===
====2.2.1.1. Sheathing for Framed Walls====

<ol>
<li>Framed wall sheathing must be
<ol>
<li>moisture resistant fibreglass-faced silicon treated gypsum core board, with a minimum thickness of 12.7 mm (1/2”) {{hilite | (These panels are specifically {{hilite | designed to receive roof membranes|| 2021-June-30 }} and may be installed horizontally or vertically)|| 2021-June-30 }}.
<li>fibre-mat reinforced cement boards with a minimum thickness of 9.53 mm (3/8"), or
<li>{{hilite | plywood, having a minimum thickness of 12.7 mm (1/2”)|| 2021-June-30 }}.
</li></ol>
<li>Where wall sheathing is unsuitable to receive roofing materials, refer to [[#Part 5 - Deck and Wall Overlays | Part 5, "Deck and Wall Overlays"]].
</li></ol>

==Section 2.3. Application==
===2.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====2.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====2.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and {{hilite | replacement roofing shall || 2020-October-22 }}
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | achieve a finished slope of at least 2% (1/4” in 12”), when measured on the primary sloped planes of the roof|| 2020-October-22 }}, and
<li>{{hilite | incorporate crickets at ''curbs'' and sleepers that impede drainage or are wider or longer than 1219.2 mm (48”)|| 2020-October-22 }}.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===2.3.2. All Systems ===
====2.3.2.1. Construction of Decks and Walls====

<ol>
<li>Unless otherwise permitted and described in this Standard, the construction of deck and wall structures, and their suitability for the application of roofing materials, is the responsibility of other trades.
</li></ol>

<hr>
<div id=PART_3></div>

=Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly=

<div style="width:150px; text-align: left;">
[[File:YVR Wind 1 (short).gif | link=https://youtu.be/H2P_OYvHZBM]]
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Click on the gif above to see the '''full high-definition video''', which illustrates why ''roof system'' securement requirements matter ('''NOTE''': the video shows a mechanically fastened, conventionally insulated EPDM ''roof system'' constructed to the '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' Standard of the time (2013).  The membrane "flutter" in wind is common for this type of ''roof system'').
</div>

==Section 3.1. Design==
===3.1.1. General===
====3.1.1.1. Scope====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-3.1.1.1.| Note A-3.1.1.1.]])

<ol>
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
<li>{{hilite |This Part applies to all new roofs, and to both full and partial replacement ''roof systems''|| 2021-October-30 }}.
<li>{{hilite |This Part sets out the requirements for|| 2021-October-30 }} 
<ol>
<li>material substitution (applicable to ''Tested Assemblies''),
<li>fastener and adhesive application (minimum numbers and spacing),
<li>roofs that support ''overburden'', or fixed amenities and equipment, and 
<li>roofs where only part of the ''system'' must be replaced.
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite |''Conventionally insulated roof systems'' designed and constructed with sheet membranes must be secured using|| 2021-October-30 }}</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite |a ''Tested Assembly'' (a membrane ''roof system'', together with a specified roof ''deck'', tested for its wind resistance capabilities using CSA-A123.21, "Standard test method for the dynamic wind uplift resistance of membrane-roofing systems" (latest edition)|| 2021-October-30 }}(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-3.1.1.1.(4)| Note A-3.1.1.1.(4)]]), or</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite |an ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance'' (an existing, representative ''roof system'', together with a specified roof ''deck'', which is used as a “proven” pattern for securing a new ''roof system'' on the building under consideration; see [[#3.1.4.3. Specifying an Assembly with Proven Past Performance | Article 3.1.4.3.]])|| 2021-October-30 }}.</span>
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite |When neither of the foregoing options is available to the ''Design Authority'' to conform to the Code, the ''roof system'' must be secured using a custom engineered design (See [[#3.1.4.4. Specifying a Custom-engineered Securement Design | Article 3.1.4.4.]])|| 2021-October-30 }}.</span>
</li></ol>

===={{hilite | 3.1.1.2. Intent || 2021-October-30 }}====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-3.1.1.2. | Note A-3.1.1.2.]])

<ol>
<li>The requirements in this Part intend to support and conform to or exceed the Building Code.
</li></ol>

===={{hilite | 3.1.1.3. Limit of Liability under RoofStar Guarantee || 2021-October-30 }}====

<ol>
<li>{{hilite |Notwithstanding [[#3.1.1.2. Intent | Article 3.1.1.2.]], the materials presented herein are based on an interpretation of the Code and are not the Code itself; therefore, the reader is responsible to exercise good judgement, and to read, understand and comply with the Code, as and how it applies to the reader’s particular ''project'' and its design requirements.
<li>Where the Code can be shown to exceed the requirements, guiding principles, and recommendations of this Part or any related Part in this Standard, the Code shall prevail|| 2021-October-30 }}.
<li>{{hilite |Compliance with this Part or the Code does not guarantee that a roof will not succumb to forces exerted by wind, and therefore neither the '''''Guarantor''''' nor the ''Contractor'' will accept any responsibility for damage to, or failure of, a roof system caused by wind; too many variables beyond the control of this Standard affect the wind resistance performance of a ''roof system'', including (without limitation)|| 2021-October-30 }} 
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | the continuity or discontinuity of air and vapour control layers of the entire building enclosure|| 2021-October-30 }},
<li>{{hilite | openings in the building (windows and doors, which are often occupant-controlled and not static)|| 2021-October-30 }}, and
<li>{{hilite | wind strength, which may exceed the codified numeric wind speed values used to calculate wind resistance for the roof system (Ref. "British Columbia Building Code", Division B, [https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcbc2018/bcbc_2018dbacr2 Appendix C, "Table C-1"])|| 2021-October-30 }}.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====3.1.1.4. Definitions====

<ol>
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].  Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part: 
<ol>
<li>''CSA Standard'' means the CSA-A123.21, "Standard test method for the dynamic wind uplift resistance of membrane-roofing systems" (latest edition).
<li>''Registered Professional'' has the same meaning as that used in the "British Columbia Building Code", Division C, [https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcbc2018/bcbc_2018dcp2s22r2 Section 2.2., "Administration"].
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">''Specified Wind Load'' means the calculated force of wind exerted on the roof of a specific building, according to the requirements in the "British Columbia Building Code", Division B, Part 4, [https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcbc2018/bcbc_2018dbp4s41r2 Section 4.1., "Structural Loads and Procedures"].</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">''System of securement'' means a specific pattern of mechanical fasteners or adhesives, including specific materials or brands, size, and spacing.</span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===3.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====3.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====3.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and shall
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite |comply with the higher securement requirements when enhanced ''roof system'' securement is required by the membrane manufacturer, to meet their system warranty requirements ("enhanced securement" may exceed the securement stated or specified in a ''Tested Assembly'', an ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance'', or a custom-engineered design; see also [[#1.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-Year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee | Article 1.1.2.1., ''RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee'']], for further general requirements|| 2020-October-22 }})</span>.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===3.1.3. All Systems===
====3.1.3.1. Responsibility for Design====

<ol>
<li>The ''Design Authority'' is responsible for determining ''Specified Wind Loads'' for each ''roof system'' and each roof area of a ''project'', including roofs that support ''Vegetated Roof Systems'' or any other ''overburden'', amenities, or equipment. 
<li>Acceptance of a roof for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' is predicated on the assumption that the ''Design Authority'' has performed Due Diligence with respect to ''Specified Wind Loads'' and has provided the ''Contractor'' with sufficient information to construct a ''roof system'' that complies with the Code.
</li></ol>

====3.1.3.2. Calculation of Specified Wind Loads====

<ol>
<li>A ''registered professional'' "skilled in the work concerned" must perform or validate the calculation of ''Specified Wind Loads'' (See the "British Columbia Building Code", Division C, Part 2, Section 2.2., "Administration": [https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcbc2018/bcbc_2018dcp2s22r2 Article 2.2.2.2., ''Structural Design'']), using
<ol>
<li>the [https://nrc.canada.ca/en/research-development/products-services/software-applications/wind-load-calculators-roof-cladding-vegetated-roof-assembly "Wind Uplift Resistance Calculator"] (formerly "Wind-RCI"), or 
<li>the formulae and procedures in the "British Columbia Building Code", Division B, Part 4, [https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcbc2018/bcbc_2018dbp4s41r2 Subsection 4.1.7.,"Wind Load"] (See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-3.1.1.1. | Note A-3.1.1.1.]]).
</li></ol>
<li>Each roof area, at each level (elevation), shall be divided into three principal roof zones (Figure 3.1.), and the ''Design Authority'' shall be responsible for calculating the ''Specified Wind Loads'' for each zone (Ref. the "British Columbia Building Code", Division B, Part 4, [https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcbc2018/bcbc_2018dbp4s41r2 Article 4.1.7.6., "External Pressure Coefficients for Low Buildings"]).
<li>Roof zones are defined in this Standard as follows:
<ol>
<li>'''Field (F)''' – the interior of the roof bounded by the ''Edge'' and the ''Corners''.
<li>'''Edge (E)''' – <span style="background:#FFFACD">the perimeter zone (minus the corners), measured as either 10% of the smallest building width ("least horizontal dimension"), or 40% of the building height, whichever is less. Notwithstanding the requirements in the "British Columbia Building Code"</span>, the ''Edge'' zone shall not be less than 2.0 m (7').
<li>'''Corner (C)''' – <span style="background:#FFFACD">part of the perimeter but not less than 2.0 m x 2.0 m (7’ x7’) in size, the ''Corner'' area is defined by the ''Edge'' in both directions at the corners.  Where the roof geometry includes an inside corner, the ''corner'' zone dimensions shall be the same as those for an outside corner, applied equidistant in each direction from the inside corner (Figure 3.1.3.-A).</span>
</li></ol>
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ <small>Figure 3.1.3.-A (Click to expand)</small>
|-
| [[File:Figure 3.1.jpg|link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/1/11/Figure_3.1.jpg | 400 px]]
|}
<br>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">A roof area that is divided into smaller segments by means of ''control joints'' (roof dividers, i.e., a fire wall) or ''expansion joints'', shall be considered one roof area for the purpose of calculating the ''Specified Wind Loads'', unless the height of a ''control joint'' or ''expansion joint'' exceeds 1 m (39"), in which case the ''Specified Wind Loads'' for each roof segment shall be calculated separately (See Figure 3.1.3.-B).</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">When a building is designed with multiple roof levels (at different elevations), and the roofs are adjacent each other (having a common wall), the ''Specified Wind Loads'' for each level, and for each roof area on that level, shall be calculated separately from loads for the adjacent level, unless the elevation difference between adjacent roof levels is less than 1.524 m (5’) (Ref. Figure 3.1.3.-B).</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">When the shape of a single-level roof varies in width or length, the smallest width dimensions shall be used in the calculation of ''Specified Wind Loads'' (Ref. “minimum effective width” as defined in the "British Columbia Building Code", Division B, Part 4, [https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcbc2018/bcbc_2018dbp4s41r2 Article 4.1.7.2., "Classification of Buildings"]).</span>
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ <small>Figure 3.1.3.-B (Click to expand)</small>
|-
|  [[File:Figure 3.2.jpg|link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/f/f4/Figure_3.2.jpg | 400 px]]
|}
<br>
<li>When a roof area intersects the corner of a wall, the ''Edge'' zone on either side of the wall corner must be treated as a roof ''Corner'' (2 x C) (Figure 3.1.3.-B).
<li>When an existing roof system is specified for partial replacement, the ''Design Authority'' must
<ol>
<li>calculate the ''Specified Wind Loads'' for the roof,
<li>determine if securement of the remaining roof components (left in situ) is sufficient to resist the ''Specified Wind Loads'',
<li>determine a suitable method of securement or have the ''system'' of securement engineered, and
<li>calculate and design securement for any ''overburden'', amenities, or equipment.
</ol></li>
<li><span class="principles">''Roof systems'' should be designed in conjunction with the electrical systems for the building, to avoid unnecessary interference with ''roof system'' securement</span> (See also [[#2.1.8. Electrical Cables and Boxes | Subsection 2.1.8., "Electrical Cables and Boxes"]]).
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Mansards are a ''roof system'' and are therefore subject to the requirements in this Part.</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Securement of an adjoining ''water-shedding system'' shall be made in accordance with the requirements in the applicable Standard.</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">''Vegetated Roof Systems'' specified for</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">buildings up to 20 m (65') in height shall be designed to resist ''Specified Wind Loads'' using the [https://nrc.canada.ca/en/research-development/products-services/software-applications/wind-load-calculators-roof-cladding-vegetated-roof-assembly "Wind Load Calculator for Vegetated Roof Assembly"] or, in the alternative, another method that is its equal or superior,</span> and
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">buildings greater than 20 m (65') in height shall be designed to resist '' Specified Wind Loads'' using methods that are acceptable to the ''Authority Having Jurisdiction'' (AHJ).</span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====3.1.3.3. Resistance to Specified Wind Loads====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">The wind uplift resistance capabilities of the selected ''roof system'' must equal or exceed the ''Specified Wind Loads'' calculated for each roof zone to which the ''system'' will be applied (see [[#3.1.3.2. Calculation of Specified Wind Loads | Article 3.1.3.2.]]).</span>
<li>Engineered designs to resist wind uplift may refer to the "British Columbia Building Code", Div. B, [https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcbc2018/bcbc_2018dbacr2 Appendix C, "Table C-2"], which lists various types of loads, including wind loads, for specific reference locations throughout the province.
</li></ol>

====3.1.3.4. Resistance to Other Loads====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">In addition to its capacity to resist ''Specified Wind Loads'', the ''roof system'' must be capable of resisting or accommodating</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">all anticipated live and dead loads, including (without limitation) other environmental loads, such as rain and snow, expected for the building’s size and location,</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">gravity ("drag") loads,
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">loads from ''overburden'' (See [[#Part 14 - The Roof as a Platform | Part 14]])</span>, and
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">thermal expansion and contraction of the ''roof system'' components.</span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====3.1.3.5. Submittals====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">The ''Design Authority'' must submit documentation in support of a "System with Proven Past Performance", as required in [[#3.1.4.3. Specifying an Assembly with Proven Past Performance | Article 3.1.4.3.]]</span>
</li></ol>

===3.1.4. Conventionally Insulated Roof Systems===
(The requirements in [[#3.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 3.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)

====<span style="background:#FFFACD">3.1.4.1. Securement Against Specified Wind Loads</span>====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-3.1.4.1.| Note A-3.1.4.1.]])

<ol>
<li>New and fully replaced ''conventionally insulated systems'' shall satisfy the requirements of the "British Columbia Building Code" and this Part, and shall be (when applicable)
<ol>
<li>an Adhesive Applied Roof System ("AARS"),
<li>a Partially Adhered Roof System ("PARS"), or
<li>a Mechanically Attached Roof System ("MARS"),
</li></ol>
which may be specified as
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | a ''Tested Assembly''|| 2020-July-3 }},
<li>{{hilite | an ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance''|| 2020-July-3 }}, or
<li>{{hilite | an ''assembly'' with custom-engineered securement|| 2020-July-3 }}.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====3.1.4.2. Specifying a Tested Assembly====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-3.1.4.2.| Note A-3.1.4.2.]])

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Only roof assemblies that have been tested by qualified facilities wholly independent of ''roof system'' manufacturers, using CSA-A123.21, "Standard test method for the dynamic wind uplift resistance of membrane-roofing systems" (latest edition), will be considered valid ''Tested Assemblies'', for the purposes of this Standard  (See [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php/CSA_A123.21_Qualified_Test_Facilities '''here'''] for a list of qualified testing agencies).</span>
<li><span class="recommended">The ''Design Authority'' is strongly encouraged to specify the application of a ''Tested Assembly'', for any design of a new or fully replaced membrane waterproofing ''roof system''</span>.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">The ''Design Authority'' must use only the test observation readings that have been adjusted for the "Safety Factor" (CSA-A123.21, prior to  the 2019 edition) or the "Resistance Factor" (CSA-A123.21, 2019 and newer), which must equal or exceed the highest ''Specified Wind Loads'' for the roof (this adjusted value is called the ''Dynamic Uplift Resistance'', or DUR.  See Figure 3.1.4.-A).</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">When a ''Tested Assembly'' report indicates only one system of securement, that system shall be applied to all roof zones; alternatively, zone-specific securement requirements may be extrapolated by a ''Registered Professional'' "skilled in the work concerned", using ANSI-SPRI WD-1, "Wind Design Standard Practice for Roofing Assemblies" (see the "British Columbia Building Code", Division B, Part 5, Notes to Part 5, [https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcbc2018/bcbc_2018dbp5n "A-5.2.2.2.(4)"]).</span>

{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+{{hilite | <small>Figure 3.1.4.-A (Click to expand)</small> || 2020-July-3 }}
|-
| [[File:Figure 3.4.jpg|link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/d/d8/Figure_3.4.jpg | 250 px]]
|}
</li></ol>

====3.1.4.3. Specifying an Assembly with Proven Past Performance====

(See the "British Columbia Building Code", Division B, Part 5, Notes to Part 5, [https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcbc2018/bcbc_2018dbp5n "A-5.1.4.1.(5)"] for an expanded explanation of the tests for "proven past performance")

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">A new ''conventionally insulated'' ''roof assembly'' (the ''new roof assembly'') may be designed using a ''model roof assembly'' as a reference (the roof ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance''), but only when</span>
<ol>
<li>a ''Tested Assembly'' cannot be used,
<li>the material components identified in a ''Tested Assembly'' are not accepted by the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''', and the test report offers no RoofStar-accepted alternates,
<li>a ''Tested Assembly'' is not available because a material or ''system'' has not been tested, or because the ''Specified Wind Loads'' exceed the capacity of an available or suitable ''Tested Assembly'',
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">the ''model roof assembly''</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">is an existing ''roof assembly'' constructed on a real, existing building (the ''model building''),</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">demonstrates resistance to negative wind loads that are the same as, or greater than, the ''Specified Wind Loads'' which the ''new roof assembly'' must be designed to resist,</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">has a history of performance equal to or longer than the expected service life of the ''new roof assembly'',</span> and
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">is designed with only RoofStar-accepted materials that possess properties "identical or superior to those of the...assembly used as a reference" (Ref. the "British Columbia Building Code", Division B, Part 5, [https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcbc2018/bcbc_2018dbp5n "Notes to Part 5"]),</span>
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">the ''model building''</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">is similar in dimensions, exposure, openings, and importance to the building that will support the ''new roof assembly'', and</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">is situated in conditions representative of the building that will support the ''new roof assembly'' (the term "representative" refers to conditions that include, without limitation, dynamic loads caused by proximity to other structures because of funneling or building harmonics).</span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">To qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''', a ''new roof assembly'' patterned after an ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance'' must be supported with a letter of assurance provided to the '''''Guarantor''''' by the ''Design Authority'', or by the manufacturer of the ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance'', signed by the Principal or a person having the authority of the Principal, stating that the ''new roof assembly'' will resist the ''Specified Wind Loads'' calculated for the ''new roof assembly''.</span>
<li>A ''new roof assembly'' patterned after an ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance'' may be used for partial roof replacement.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Published approvals issued by an insurer or underwriter, or roof assembly designs warranted or guaranteed by anyone other than the '''''Guarantor''''', do not satisfy the requirements for a roof ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance''.</span>
</li></ol>

====3.1.4.4. Specifying a Custom-engineered Securement Design====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">When, for various reasons, a system of securement cannot be designed using either a ''Tested Assembly'' or an ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance'', the securement system must be designed by a ''Registered Professional'' "skilled in the work concerned" (See the "British Columbia Building Code", Division C, Part 2, [http://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcbc2018/bcbc_2018dcp2s22r2 Article 2.2.1.2., "Structural Design"]).</span>
</li></ol>

===3.1.5. Uninsulated Systems===
(The requirements in [[#3.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 3.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)

====3.1.5.1. Securement against Specified Wind Loads====

<ol>
<li>All uninsulated ''roof systems'' must be designed to resist displacement by ''Specified Wind Loads'', using the options articulated in [[#3.1.4.1. Securement Against Specified Wind Loads | Article 3.1.4.1.]]
</li></ol>

===3.1.6. Protected Roof Systems===
(The requirements in [[#3.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 3.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)

====3.1.6.1. Securement of Ballasted Roof Systems====
(Also see [[#9.1.6. Protected Roof Systems | Subsection 9.1.6., "Protected Roof Systems"]])

<ol>
<li>''Roof systems'' secured with gravel ballast, pavers, or a combination of each, must be designed to resist displacement by ''Specified Wind Loads'', regardless of any ''overburden'' the design may call for.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"> The securement of all ''roof systems'' held in place by ballast must be designed by a ''registered professional'' "skilled in the work concerned" ("British Columbia Building Code", Division C, [https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcbc2018/bcbc_2018dcp2s22r2 Section 2.2., "Administration"]), and ballast rates shall conform to
<ol>
<li>the minimum requirements in Table 3.1. (Ref. [[#3.3.5.1. Ballasted Systems | Article 3.3.5.1., "Ballasted Systems"]], and [[#9.3.6. Protected Roof Systems | Subsection 9.3.6., "Protected Roof Systems"]]), or
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">extrapolated values using ANSI-SPRI RP-4 (latest edition), "Wind Design Standard for Ballasted Single-ply Roofing Systems".
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Ballast size for all ballasted ''roof systems'' shall conform to ASTM D7655/D7655M-12, "Standard Classification for Size of Aggregate Used as Ballast for Membrane Roof Systems".</span>
<li>To facilitate resistance to ''Specified Wind Loads'',
<ol>
<li>a filter fabric is required beneath gravel or paver ballast, and
<li>a protection layer is required beneath crushed ballast.
</li></ol>
<li><span class="recommended">On roofs specified to utilize gravel ballast, no fewer than two parallel rows of pavers should be considered for ''Corner'' and ''Edge'' zones, to prevent or reduce wind scouring of the gravel</span>.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">When pavers are selected as ballast for a ''roof system'', the ''Design Authority'' must determine the support and placement of pavers to resist displacement by ''Specified Wind Loads''</span>.
</li></ol>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
|+ <small>Table 3.1., RGC Ballast Guide</small>
|-
! XPS Insulation<br>Thickness !! Stone Ballast Required Weight !! Ballast Depth<br>(approximate)
|-
|  Up to 50.8 mm (2") ||  60 Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (12 lb./sf) ||  44.45 mm (1-3/4")
|-
|  76.2 mm (3") || 8r Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (17 lb./sf) || 57.15 mm (2-1/4")
|-
| 101.6 mm (4") || 108 Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (22 lb./sf) || 76.2 mm (3")
|-
| 125 mm (5") || 132 Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (27 lb./sf) || 88.9 mm (3-1/2")
|-
| 152.4 mm (6") || 156 Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (32 lb./sf) || 107.95 mm (4-1/4")
|-
| 177.8 mm (7") || 180 Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (37 lb./sf) || 125 mm (5")
|-
| 203.2 mm (8") || 204 Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (42 lb./sf) || 139.7 mm (5-1/2")
|-
|}

====3.1.6.2. Securement of Modified Protected Roof Systems====

<ol>
<li>Modified ''protected roof systems'' shall be secured according to the requirements for ''conventionally insulated'' roofs supporting overburden.
</li></ol>

===3.1.7. Roof Replacement and Alterations===
====3.1.7.1. Complete Roof System Replacement====

<ol>
<li>Complete ''roof system'' replacement ''projects'' must be designed to secure the new ''roof system'' against displacement by ''Specified Wind Loads''.
</li></ol>

====3.1.7.2. Partial Roof System Replacement====

<ol>
<li>Partial roof replacements must be designed to secure the ''roof system'' against displacement by ''Specified Wind Loads'', in keeping with the requirements in [[#3.1.3.2. Calculation of Specified Wind Loads | Article 3.1.3.2.]] (See also [[#3.3.6.2. Partial Roof Replacement | Article 3.3.6.2.]]).
<li>When specifying securement for a partial roof replacement, the securement system must be designed and specified by the ''Design Authority'' (See also [[#1.1.4. Replacement and Alterations | Subsection 1.1.4., "Replacement and Alterations"]]); <span class="recommended">nevertheless, mechanical fastening, when practicable, is the recommended method for securing new materials to an existing ''roof system''</span> (See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-3.7.7.2. | Note A-3.1.7.2.]]).
</li></ol>

==Section 3.2. Materials==
===3.2.1. Material Properties===
====3.2.1.1. Substituting Materials Used in a Tested Assembly====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-3.2.1.1. | Note A-3.2.1.1.]])

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | When a manufacturer's ''Tested Assembly'' incorporates materials (and listed alternates) that are not part of the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''', the ''Design Authority'' must identify appropriate substitutions for those materials from the list of|| 2021-October-30 }} [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Division_C:_Accepted_Materials RoofStar-accepted Materials], and obtain</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | written approval from the technical manager of the ''manufacturer'' stating that the substituting material will not reduce the capabilities of the ''Tested Assembly''|| 2021-October-30 }}</span>, or
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | a letter of support issued by a registered professional qualified to perform the work in Part 4 of the Building Code (Ref. the "British Columbia Building Code", Division C, Part 2, [http://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcbc2018/bcbc_2018dcp2s22r2 Article 2.2.1.2., "Structural Design"])|| 2021-October-30 }}.</span>
</li></ol>
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | Any material substitution should|| 2021-October-30 }}</span>
<ol>
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | be limited to one (1) material component from the ''Tested Assembly'', but the substitution of more than one material component is permissible provided the substitution complies with the other requirements in this Article|| 2021-October-30 }}</span>, and
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | be made in keeping with the decision process flows for MARS, PARS and AARS assemblies published in|| 2021-October-30 }}</span> CSA-A123.21, "Standard test method for the dynamic wind uplift resistance of membrane-roofing systems" (latest edition), "Annex F".
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | Because of its nature, a ''new roof assembly'' patterned after an ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance'' does not qualify for material substitution|| 2021-October-30 }}</span>.
</li></ol>

===3.2.2. Securement Materials===
====3.2.2.1. Fasteners====

<ol>
<li>The minimum requirements in this Article apply to any ''roof system'', regardless of requirements published elsewhere.
<li><span class="principles">The ''Design Authority'' should specify the correct type of fastener, keeping in mind</span>
<ol>
<li><span class="principles">pull-out strength,</span> and
<li><span class="principles">corrosion resistance (contributing factors to fastener corrosion may include dissimilar metal contact, excessive building humidity, corrosive chemicals within components of the ''roof system'', or corrosive elements provided within the building envelope etc.)</span>.
</li></ol>
<li>Fasteners must be capable of securing the ''roof system'' components to resist ''Specified Wind Loads''.
<li>Unless otherwise <span style="background:#FFFACD">permitted in writing by the ''manufacturer''</span>, fasteners shall be resin-coated, self-drilling screws manufactured with recessed heads, and must be used in combination with plates, as shown in Table 3.2.
</li></ol>
{|  class="wikitable" style="margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto;border-color:#E7E9E9;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  
|+ <small>Table 3.2.,  Minimum Fastener and Plate Requirements</small>
|-
! Material !! Fastener<br>Size !! Plate
|-
| Deck overlays || #12 || 73.03 mm (2-7/8”) Hexagonal, 76.2 mm (3”) Round or Square
|-
| Insulation || #12  || 73.03 mm (2-7/8”) Hexagonal, 76.2 mm (3”) Round or Square
|-
| Insulation Overlays || #12  || 73.03 mm (2-7/8”) Hexagonal, 76.2 mm (3”) Round or Square
|-
|  Membranes || #14  || Proprietary
|-
|}

====3.2.2.2. Adhesives====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Adhesives used to secure any ''roof system'' materials must be acceptable to the ''manufacturer'' and be capable of resisting ''Specified Wind Loads''.</span>
<li>Adhesives listed in a selected ''Tested Assembly'' 
<ol>
<li>must be used to secure applicable layers within the ''roof system'', and
<li>may be substituted only with products listed in the ''Tested Assembly'' report.
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">In the absence of a ''Tested Assembly'', or for adhered and partially adhered ''roof assemblies'' with ''Proven Past Performance'', adhesives used to secure new roofing materials must be acceptable to the ''manufacturer'' and must be demonstrably capable of resisting ''Specified Wind Loads''</span>.
<li>Bitumen used as a hot-applied adhesive must be Type 3 or SEBS.
</li></ol>

====3.2.2.3. Gravel Ballast====
(See also Table 3.1. in [[#3.1.6.1. Securement of Ballasted Roof Systems | Article 3.1.6.1.]])

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Gravel ballast used to secure a ''roof system'' must be washed (clean) round or crushed stone, and must conform to ASTM D7655/D7655M-12, "Standard Classification for Size of Aggregate Used as Ballast for Membrane Roof Systems", or to Table 3.3.</span> 
<li>The minimum requirements in this Article must not be reduced except by a written Variance that shall be endorsed in writing by the owner or the owner's representative, and submitted to the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''' as part of the '''''Guarantee''''' record.
</li></ol>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
|+ <small>Table 3.3., RGC Ballast Grade Guide</small>
|-
! Nominal size !! Percentage Passing 
|-
| 38.1 mm (1-1/2") ||  100% 
|-
|  25.4 mm (1") || 70 - 100% 
|-
| 19.05 mm (3/4") || 5 - 20 %
|-
| 12.7 mm (1/2")  || 0 - 6 %
|-
| 4.76 mm (3/16") || 0 - 2 %
|-
|}

====3.2.2.4. Pavers and Pedestals====

<ol>
<li>Pavers that are partially supported (i.e., with pedestals) should be capable of resisting anticipated loads (i.e., hydraulically pressed concrete pavers).
<li>Pedestals
<ol>
<li><span class="principles">should be adjustable when a level surface is required</span>,
<li>must be purpose-made, and 
<li>must include an integral spacer rib measuring at least a 3.18 mm (1/8”) in width, to uniformly separate pavers.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

==Section 3.3. Application==
===3.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====3.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====3.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>All ''projects'' intended to qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''' shall comply with the requirements in this Standard for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and shall
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">conform to the specified design when enhanced ''roof system'' securement is required (See [[#3.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee | Article 3.1.2.1.]]).</span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===3.3.2. All Systems===
====3.3.2.1. Securing Systems with Mechanical Fasteners====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Unless otherwise specified by a ''Tested Assembly'', a ''roof assembly'' with ''Proven Past Performance'', or a custom-engineered ''assembly'',</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">fastener patterns shall conform to Tables 3.5. through 3.10.,</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">the minimum number of fasteners must conform to the requirements in Table 3.4.,</span> and 
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">fasteners shall be installed at least 152.4 mm (6”) from panel corners, measured from each edge of the panel, but the precise placement of fasteners shall be confirmed with the ''manufacturer''.</span>
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Fasteners used to secure boards from curling, or to secure boards at slope transitions, shall be additional to the minimum number of fasteners and plates required by a ''Tested Assembly'', a ''roof assembly'' with ''Proven Past Performance'', a custom-engineered ''assembly'', or the patterns shown in Tables 3.4. through 3.10.</span>
<li>When mechanically attached membranes are installed together with new insulation, the insulation assembly {{hilite | (with or without an ''insulation overlay'')|| 2020-July-3 }} must be held in place independently from the membrane, with no fewer than four (4) fasteners per panel.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | Regardless of where fasteners are used in the ''roof system'', when they penetrate and secure another material to a substrate, mechanical fasteners must conform to the requirements illustrated in {{hilite | Figure 3.4.|| 2021-October-30 }} and shall (unless exceeded by the fastener manufacturer’s published requirements)|| 2020-July-3 }}</span>
<ol>
<li>{{hilite |penetrate through the bottom surface of|| 2021-October-30 }}
<ol>
<li>steel ''decks'' at least 19.05 mm (3/4") (<span class="principles">fasteners should penetrate the top flutes only)</span>, and
<li>{{hilite | plywood sheathing by at least 19.05 mm (3/4")|| 2021-October-30 }}.
</li></ol>
<li>{{hilite |penetrate into solid dimensional lumber or concrete by at least 25.4 mm (1")|| 2021-October-30 }}.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
:{| class="wikitable" style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ <small>Figure 3.3.2.-A (Click to expand)<br>(Note: these requirements may be exceeded by the fastener manufacturer’s published requirements)</small>
|-
| [[File:Figure 3.5.jpg|link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/9/95/Figure_3.5.jpg| 500 px]]
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
|+ <small>Table 3.4., RGC Mechanical Fastening (minimum requirements)</small>
|-
! colspan="1" rowspan="2" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"   |  Material Dimensions
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"  | Roof Zone
|-
!  colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 100px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"       |  Field
!  colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"        |  Perimeter
!  colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"       |  Corner
|-
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"      |  1219.2 mm x 2438.4 mm (48" x 96") ||   ||   ||   
|-
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"   | Deck Overlay supporting mechanically attached materials ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"   | 4 ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background:#ffffcc;"   | 4  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background:#ffffcc;"   | 4
|-
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"   | {{hilite | Insulation or Insulation Overlay supporting mechanically attached materials || 2020-July-3 }} ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"   | {{hilite | 4 || 2020-July-3 }} ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"   | {{hilite | 4 || 2020-July-3 }}  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"   | {{hilite | 4 || 2020-July-3 }}
|-
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"   | Insulation ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"   | 8 ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"   | 12  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"   | 15
|-
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"   | Insulation Overlays ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"   | 8 ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"   | 12  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"   | 15
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"      |  1219.2 mm x 1828.8 mm (48" x 72")   ||   ||   ||
|-
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"   | Insulation ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"   | 6 ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"   | 8  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"   | 12
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"      |  1219.2 mm x 1219.2 mm (48" x 48")   ||   ||   ||
|-
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"   | Insulation ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"   | 5 ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"   | 6  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"   | 8
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"      |  914.4 mm x 1219.2 mm (36" x 48")    ||   ||   ||
|-
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"   | Insulation ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"   | 4 ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"   | 6  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"   | 7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"      |  609.6 mm x 2438.4 mm (24" x 96")    ||   ||   ||
|-
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"   | Insulation ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"   | 5 ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"   | 6  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"   | 8
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"      |   609.6 mm x 1219.2 mm (24" x 48")   ||   ||   || 
|-
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"   | Insulation ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"   | 4 ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"   | 4  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"   | 5
|-
|}

:NOTE: Tables 3.5. through 3.10. illustrate fastener patterns and placement based on historical Guarantee requirements, to provide optimum wind uplift resistance. These patterns are to be used only when patterns are not provided in a ''Tested Assembly'', a ''roof assembly'' with ''Proven Past Performance'', or in a custom-engineered ''assembly''.  Fasteners may be located within 50.8 mm (2") of position shown in diagrams in any direction, <span style="background:#D8BFD8">but this must be validated by the ''manufacturer''.</span>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
|+ <small>Table 3.5. (Click on drawing to expand)</small>
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"   |  1219.2 mm x 2438.4 mm (48" x 96")
|-
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Field 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Perimeter 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Corner
|-
| style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"   | [[File:Table 3.4 - 4x8 (4 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/4/4f/Table_3.4_-_4x8_%284_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]]  '''4 Fasteners''' || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"   | [[File:Table 3.4 - 4x8 (4 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/4/4f/Table_3.4_-_4x8_%284_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]]  '''4 Fasteners''' || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"   | [[File:Table 3.4 - 4x8 (4 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/4/4f/Table_3.4_-_4x8_%284_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]]  '''4 Fasteners'''
|-
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Field 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Perimeter 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Corner
|-
| style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"   | [[File:Table 3.4 - 4x8 (8 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/b/b7/Table_3.4_-_4x8_%288_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''8 Fasteners''' || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"   | [[File:Table 3.4 - 4x8 (12 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/c/c9/Table_3.4_-_4x8_%2812_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''12 Fasteners'''  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"   | [[File:Table 3.4 - 4x8 (15 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/5/58/Table_3.4_-_4x8_%2815_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''15 Fasteners'''
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
|+ <small>Table 3.6. (Click on drawing to expand)</small>
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"   |  1219.2 mm x 1828.8 mm (48" x 72") 
|-
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Field 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Perimeter 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Corner
|-
| style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"   | [[File:Table 3.5 - 4x6 (6 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/9/94/Table_3.5_-_4x6_%286_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''6 Fasteners''' || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"   | [[File:Table 3.5 - 4x6 (8 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/8/88/Table_3.5_-_4x6_%288_fasteners%29.jpg | 300px]] '''8 Fasteners'''  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"   | [[File:Table 3.5 - 4x6 (12 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/c/c7/Table_3.5_-_4x6_%2812_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''12 Fasteners'''
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
|+ <small>Table 3.7. (Click on drawing to expand)</small>
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"   |  1219.2 mm x 1219.2 mm (48" x 48") 
|-
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Field 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Perimeter 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Corner
|-
| style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"   | [[File:Table 3.4 - 4x4 (5 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/f/f6/Table_3.4_-_4x4_%285_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''5 Fasteners''' || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"   | [[File:Table 3.4 - 4x4 (6 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/7/76/Table_3.4_-_4x4_%286_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''6 Fasteners''' || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"   | [[File:Table 3.4 - 4x4 (8 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/7/76/Table_3.4_-_4x4_%288_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''8 Fasteners'''
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
|+ <small>Table 3.8. (Click on drawing to expand)</small>
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"   |  914.4 mm x 1219.2 mm (36" x 48") 
|-
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Field 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Perimeter 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Corner
|-
| style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"   | [[File:Table 3.5 - 3x4 (4 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/9/9f/Table_3.5_-_3x4_%284_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''4 Fasteners'''  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"   | [[File:Table 3.5 - 3x4 (6 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/d/d1/Table_3.5_-_3x4_%286_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''6 Fasteners'''  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"   | [[File:Table 3.5 - 3x4 (7 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/e/ed/Table_3.5_-_3x4_%287_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''7 Fasteners'''
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
|+ <small>Table 3.9. (Click on drawing to expand)</small>
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"   |  609.6 mm x 2438.4 mm (24" x 96")
|-
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Field 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Perimeter 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Corner
|-
|  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"   | [[File:Table 3.5 - 2x8 (5 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/3/39/Table_3.5_-_2x8_%285_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''5 Fasteners'''  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"   | [[File:Table 3.5 - 2x8 (6 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/6/69/Table_3.5_-_2x8_%286_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''6 Fasteners''' || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"   | [[File:Table 3.5 - 2x8 (8 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/7/76/Table_3.5_-_2x8_%288_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''8 Fasteners'''
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
|+ <small>Table 3.10. (Click on drawing to expand)</small>
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"   |  609.6 mm x 1219.2 mm (24" x 48")
|-
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Field 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Perimeter 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Corner
|-
| style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"   | [[File:Table 3.5 - 2x4 (4 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/f/f9/Table_3.5_-_2x4_%284_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''4 Fasteners''' || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"   | [[File:Table 3.5 - 2x4 (4 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/f/f9/Table_3.5_-_2x4_%284_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''4 Fasteners''' || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"   | [[File:Table 3.5 - 2x4 (5 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/b/b3/Table_3.5_-_2x4_%285_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''5 Fasteners'''
|-
|}

====3.3.2.2. Securing Systems with Adhesives====

<ol>
<li><span class="principles">Adhesives may be used to secure new roofing materials to an existing ''roof system''</span>, provided the specific application procedures and methods are engineered by or for the ''Design Authority''.
<li>Notwithstanding Sentence (1), the use of adhesive to secure insulation shall conform to [[#7.3.3.1. Adhesive-applied Insulation | Article 7.3.3.1.]]
</li></ol>

====3.3.2.3. Securing Roofs with Overburden====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Any ''overburden'', including ''Vegetated Roof Systems'', must be installed in keeping with the designed securement methods and systems specified by the ''Design Authority'', and in alignment with the requirements in [[#Part 14 - The Roof as a Platform | Part 14]]</span>.
</li></ol>

===3.3.3. Conventionally Insulated Roof Systems===
(The requirements in [[#3.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 3.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)

====3.3.3.1. General Requirements====

<ol>
<li>New and fully replaced ''Conventionally Insulated Systems'' must be secured to conform to the Building Code, and shall be capable of resisting displacement by ''Specified Wind Loads'' using
<ol>
<li>a ''Tested Assembly'',
<li>an ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance'', or
<li>an ''assembly'' with custom-engineered securement.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===3.3.4. Uninsulated Systems===
(The requirements in [[#3.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 3.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)

====3.3.4.1. General Requirements====

<ol>
<li>All uninsulated ''roof systems'' that are not secured with ballast shall conform to the requirements in [[#3.1.4.1. Securement Against Specified Wind Loads | Article 3.1.4.1.]] for ''conventionally insulated systems''.
<li>Uninsulated ''roof systems'' secured with gravel ballast, pavers or both must be installed following the requirements in [[#3.3.5.1. Ballasted Systems|Article 3.3.5.1.]]
</li></ol>

===3.3.5. Protected Roof Systems===
(The requirements in [[#3.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 3.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)

====3.3.5.1. Ballasted Systems====
(Note: the reader must consult the Design and Application requirements for ''protected roof systems'' in [[#Part 9 - Roof Field (Membrane Systems) | Part 9]]).

<ol>
<li>''Roof systems'' secured with gravel ballast, pavers, or both must be constructed to resist displacement by ''Specified Wind Loads''.
<li>To facilitate resistance to ''Specified Wind Loads'',
<ol>
<li>a filter fabric is required beneath gravel or paver ballast,
<li>a protection layer is required beneath crushed ballast, and
<li>gravel ballast must conform to the specified design.
</li></ol>
<li>Gravel ballast shall 
<ol>
<li>be washed (clean) round or crushed stone, and
<li>be selected (according to the specified design) to resist flotation and ''Specified Wind Loads''.
</li></ol>
<li>Pavers and unit-type masonry, such as brick or stone, must be supported by
<ol>
<li>purpose-made pedestals conforming to the requirements in [[#3.2.2.4. Pavers and Pedestals | Article 3.2.2.4.]],
<li>a proprietary drainage layer overlaid with a filter fabric mat, or
<li>a drainage layer of loose aggregate (such as pea gravel) measuring at least 25.4 mm (1”) in depth, installed over a filter fabric.
</li></ol>
<li>Pedestals 
<ol>
<li>must permit at least 12.7 mm (1/2″) of vertical separation between the paver and the underlying substrate, to provide airflow for drying surfaces and assist in leveling,
<li><span class="principles">should not impede the flow of water or air, and</span>
<li><span class="principles">should uniformly distribute the dead load of pavers, and other unit masonry products, as well as predicted live loads</span>.
</li></ol>
<li>Pavers must be tied together when specified by the design.
</li></ol>

===3.3.6. Roof Replacement and Alterations===
====3.3.6.1. Complete Roof System Replacement====

<ol>
<li>''Roof systems'' that are removed and replaced in their entirety (excluding the air or vapour controls, which may be left in place at the discretion of the ''Design Authority'') must be secured following the requirements for new ''roof systems''.
</li></ol>

====3.3.6.2. Partial Roof Replacement====

<ol>
<li>When only a portion of an existing ''roof system'' is specified for replacement, the new materials must be secured to resist ''Specified Wind Loads'' (See also [[#1.1.4. Replacement and Alterations | Subsection 1.1.4., "Replacement and Alterations"]]).
<li>Mechanical fastening is the most reliable method for securing new materials installed over an existing ''roof assembly'', but when mechanical fastening is not practicable, the ''system'' of securement must be
<ol>
<li>custom-engineered, or
<li>patterned after a ''roof assembly'' with ''Proven Past Performance'', in keeping with the requirements in [[#3.1.4.3. Specifying an Assembly with Proven Past Performance | Article 3.1.4.3.]]
</ol></li>
</ol></li>

<hr>
<div id=PART_4></div>

=Part 4 - Materials=
==Section 4.1. Design==
===4.1.1. General===
====4.1.1.1. Scope====

<ol>
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
</li></ol>

====4.1.1.2. Definitions====

<ol>
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].  Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part: 
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">''Primary Material'' means a material used in a roof or grade-level waterproofing ''system'' that protects a building interior from water.  ''Primary materials'' are often exposed to the weather (protected membranes are an exception), and therefore also protect ''secondary materials'' from damage.  Membranes, metal panels, asphalt shingles, and cedar shakes and shingles, form the core body of materials classified as ''primary''.</span>
<li>''Secondary Material'' means one which forms part of a ''waterproofing system'' or ''water-shedding system'', and which may affect the wind resistance characteristics of the entire ''assembly'' but is not necessarily exposed to the weather.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

==Section 4.2. Materials==
===4.2.1. Material Properties===
====4.2.1.1. Use of Accepted Materials====
(For limitations and exclusions pertaining to materials, see [[Guarantee#3.2.1.2._Limitations_and_Exclusions_of_Guarantee | Division A, Article 3.2.1.2.]])

<ol>
<li>All materials installed by the ''Contractor'', for new construction or alterations, must be
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">newly manufactured (except for reusable insulation; see [[#7.1.3.2. General Requirements | Article 7.1.3.2.]]), and may not be recycled without the expressed, written consent of the '''''Guarantor''''',</span>
<li>accepted by the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''', and
<li>manufactured by, or listed as acceptable to, the manufacturer of the ''primary material''.
</li></ol>
<li>All uninstalled materials must be 
<ol>
<li>protected from weather with wrappers approved or recommended by the ''manufacturer'', 
<li>properly stacked, and 
<li>secured above ground or on the roof surface.
</li></ol>
<li>All installed roofing materials that are susceptible to moisture damage must be made watertight by the end of each workday.
<li>Metals and fasteners must be compatible with each other, to avoid galvanic corrosion which can occur when dissimilar metals contact each other.
</li></ol>

==Section 4.3. Application==
===4.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====4.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====4.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee'''''.
</li></ol>

===4.3.2. All Systems===
====4.3.2.1. Application of New Materials====

<ol>
<li>All new materials installed as part of the ''roof system'' shall conform to the ''manufacturer's'' published requirements, unless superseded by this Standard.
</li></ol>

<hr>
<div id=PART_5></div>

=Part 5 - Deck and Wall Overlays=
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-5| Note A-5]])

==Section 5.1. Design==
===5.1.1. General===
====5.1.1.1. Scope====

<ol>
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
</li></ol>

====5.1.1.2. Definitions====

<ol>
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].
</li></ol>

===5.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====5.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====5.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee'''''.
</li></ol>

===5.1.3. All Systems===
====5.1.3.1. Required Use of Overlays====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-5.1.3.1.| Note A-5.1.3.1.]]; see also [[#Part 9 - Roof Field (Membrane Systems) | Part 9]] and [[#Part 10 - Perimeters and Walls | Part 10]] for substrate preparation requirements)

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">A deck or wall overlay must be specified when</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">a thermal layer is required by the Building Code,</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">it is required as part of a ''Tested Assembly'', or</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">the conditions of the deck or wall are unsuitable for receiving roofing materials.</span>
</li></ol>
<li><span class="principles">When a roof design includes any type of ''overburden'', the ''deck'' overlay on steel ''decks'', or on wood ''decks'' less than 25.4 mm (1”) thick, should be at least 15.88 mm (5/8”) thick, to stiffen the supporting surface and reduce ''deck'' deflection</span>.
</li></ol>

==Section 5.2. Materials==
(See [[Division_C | Division C, "Accepted Materials"]])

===5.2.1. Material Properties===
====5.2.1.1. Suitability of Overlays====

<ol>
<li>Deck and wall overlays must be
<ol>
<li>listed in [[Division_C | Division C]],
<li>acceptable to the ''manufacturer'', and
<li>suitable for, and compatible with, any membrane or panel application.
</li></ol>
<li>When plywood is used as a deck overlay, only tongue-and-groove plywood is acceptable and must be
<ol>
<li>at least 12.7 mm (1/2”) thick when installed over a mass timber deck, or
<li>at least 15.88 mm (5/8”) thick, when the roof supports overburden.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====5.2.1.2. Thermal Barrier====

<ol>
<li>When the Code having jurisdiction requires a thermal barrier, any material selected from [[Division_C | Division C]] must be suitable for the purpose.
</li></ol>

====5.2.1.3. Overlays for Walls====

<ol>
<li>In addition to overlays listed in [[Division_C | Division C]], ''walls'' may be overlaid with
<ol>
<li>plywood, provided the plywood is least 12.7 mm (1/2”) thick and is pressure-treated when applied over concrete or concrete masonry units (CMU), or
<li>fibre-mat reinforced cement boards with a minimum thickness of 9.53 mm (3/8"), conforming to ASTM C1325 (latest edition), "Standard Specification for Fiber-Mat Reinforced Cementitious Backer Units".
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====5.2.1.4. Fasteners====

<ol>
<li>Refer to [[#3.2.2.1. Fasteners | Article 3.2.2.1.]]
</li></ol>

==Section 5.3. Application==
(This Section shall be read in conjunction with the requirements for substrate preparation in [[#Part 9 - Roof Field (Membrane Systems) | Part 9]] and [[#Part 10 - Perimeters and Walls | Part 10]])

===5.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====5.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====5.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee'''''.
</li></ol>

===5.3.2. All Systems===
====5.3.2.1. Support, Arrangement, and Securement of Deck Overlays====

<ol>
<li>''Deck'' overlays must be
<ol>
<li>fully or intermittently supported along all edges by the ''deck'', and
<li>installed in a staggered pattern (offset) 304.8 mm (12") from adjacent board rows (a minus offset tolerance of 50.8 mm (2") maximum will be permitted to compensate for variance in the manufacturer's tolerance of differing board widths and lengths).
</li></ol>
<li>''Deck'' overlays shall be affixed to the ''deck'' with
<ol>
<li>mechanical fasteners conforming to the requirements in [[#3.2.2.1. Fasteners | Article 3.2.2.1.]],
<li>polyurethane foam adhesives acceptable to the manufacturer, and conforming to the requirements in [[#3.2.2.2. Adhesives | Article 3.2.2.2.]], or
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">a combination of mechanical fasteners and polyurethane foam adhesives.</span>
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">When mechanical fasteners are used to secure deck overlays, the minimum number of fasteners (in combination with plates) shall be</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">four (4), for every 1219.2 mm x 2438.4 mm (48" x 96") sheet, or</span>
<li>as specified by a ''Tested Assembly'', when part of a "PARS" or "MARS" ''conventionally insulated system''.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====5.3.2.2. Overlays on Steel Decks====

<ol>
<li>RoofStar-accepted ''deck'' overlay boards used as a thermal barrier to achieve a specific fire rating must conform to the applicable code and insurance requirements for the ''roof system''. 
<li>When the ''roof system'' is uninsulated, the ''deck'' must be overlaid with at least one 12.7 mm (1/2”) thick layer of
<ol>
<li>moisture resistant gypsum core ''deck'' overlay board,
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">a membrane-laminated overlay panel accepted by the '''''Guarantor''''' for this application,</span> or
<li>plywood.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====5.3.2.3. Overlays on Concrete Decks====

<ol>
<li>A ''deck'' overlay board is not mandatory on a concrete supporting ''deck'', but when it is specified, it must be installed to conform to the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====5.3.2.4. Overlays on Wood Decks====

<ol>
<li>A mechanically fastened overlay board is required for any deck structure that does not meet the deck fastening criteria set out in [[#2.1.5.3. All Wood Roof Decks | Article 2.1.5.3.]].
</li></ol>

====5.3.2.5. Support, Arrangement, and Securement of Wall Overlays====

<ol>
<li>''Wall'' overlay panels must be
<ol>
<li>mechanically fastened with screw fasteners spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12”) O.C., both vertically and horizontally; fasteners must align with structural supports, and shall be placed 
<ol>
<li>at the perimeters,
<li>at the corners, and
<li>in the field, or
</li></ol>
<li>adhered with a polyurethane adhesive, applied with a continuous z-patterned ribbon spaced no less than 304.8 mm (12”) apart.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>


<hr>
<div id=PART_6></div>

=Part 6 - Air and Vapour Controls=
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-6 | Note A-6]])

==Section 6.1. Design==
===6.1.1 General===
====6.1.1.1. Scope====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-6.1.1.1. | Note A-6.1.1.1.]])

<ol>
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
</li></ol>

====6.1.1.2. Definitions====

<ol>
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].
</li></ol>

===6.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====6.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====6.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee'''''.
</li></ol>

===6.1.3. All Systems===
====6.1.3.1. Responsibility for Design====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">The ''Design Authority'' is responsible to specify</span> 
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">air and vapour control materials,</span> 
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">the placement of continuous air and vapour control layers in relation to a ''roof system'' and its components,</span> and 
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">the selection of suitable materials for that application (See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-6.1.3.1. | Note A-6.1.3.1.]]).</span>
</li></ol>
<li><span class="recommended">The ''Design Authority'' is urged to review and consider the performance characteristics of materials available for such applications</span>.
<li>Coverage under the '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' shall be as described in [[Guarantee#3.2.1.2._Limitations_and_Exclusions_of_Guarantee | Division A, Article 3.2.1.2.]].
<li>Notwithstanding coverage provisions in Division A, neither the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''' nor the ''Contractor'' will accept any responsibility for damage to, or failure of, the ''roof system'' caused by the use or absence of air or vapour control layers.
</li></ol>

====6.1.3.2. Continuity Between Building Enclosure Systems====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">The ''Design Authority'', and trades constructing walls and roofs, are jointly responsible for making proper connections (continuity) between air and vapour control ''systems'', including the transitions between ''wall systems'' and ''roof systems''.</span>
</li></ol>

====6.1.3.3. Use of Air Control Materials====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">The ''Design Authority'' is responsible for the selection of air control materials ({{hilite |some air control layers are considered vapour permeable, others vapour-impermeable || 2020-October-22 }}); <span class="recommended"> ''roof systems'' intended to qualify for a</span> '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' <span class="recommended">should be designed according to the regulatory design and installation requirements for effective, continuous air control ''systems''</span>.</span>
</li></ol>

====6.1.3.4. Use of Vapour Control Materials====

<ol>
<li>Because continuous vapour control layers may be needed to limit “water vapour transmission and condensation, burn protection, and severe climatic conditions” (National Energy Code of Canada for Buildings 2020, [https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/ft/?id=af36747e-3eee-4024-a1b4-73833555c7fa Article 5.2.5.3.(1), "Other Considerations"]; see also the "British Columbia Building Code", Division B, [https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcbc2018/bcbc_2018dbp5s55 Article 5.5.1.1., "Required Resistance to Vapour Diffusion"]), they are considered discretionary and must be specified by the ''Design Authority''.
<li>Where continuous vapour control layers are required and specified by Code, the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''' requires that a suitable vapour control ''system'' be selected by the ''Design Authority'' and properly installed by the ''Contractor'' in conformity with the vapour control layer manufacturer’s published instructions, and with the ''Design Authority’s'' specified details.
</li></ol>

====6.1.3.5. High-humidity Building Interiors====

<ol>
<li><span class="recommended">Careful consideration should be given to the performance characteristics of air and vapour control layers when specifying such a membrane for ''roof systems'' constructed over high-humidity building interiors, which may be susceptible to the accumulation of moisture within the ''roof system'' unless effective air and vapour controls are installed</span>; these building interiors include (but are not limited to)
<ol>
<li>swimming pools,
<li>commercial laundry facilities,
<li>large  aquariums, and
<li>paper mills.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====6.1.3.6. Reserved====

==Section 6.2. Materials==
===6.2.1. Material Properties===
====6.2.1.1. Compatibility with Other Materials====

<ol>
<li>The material selected for air and vapour control layers must be compatible with any other materials in the roof or ''wall'' ''assembly'' to which the control layer may come in contact, including (without limitation) contact with primers and adhesives, substrates, solvents, and cleaners.
</li></ol>

====6.2.1.2. Permitted Materials for RoofStar Guarantee====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-6.2.1.2. | Note A-6.2.1.2.]])

<ol>
<li>While responsibility for the selection of suitable air and vapour control layers rests with the ''Design Authority'', a roof designed and built to qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' shall not include
<ol>
<li>polyethylene sheet plastic, or
<li>bitumen-impregnated kraft paper.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====6.2.1.3. Puncture Resistance and Thickness====

<ol>
<li><span class="recommended">Air and vapour controls should be installed over a continuous smooth plane, regardless of a material's ability to span voids or spaces in the deck</span>.
<li><span class="principles">Fully supported air and vapour control layers should possess a minimum published static puncture resistance rating of 150 N (34 lbf)</span> (Ref. CGSB-37.56-M for both test method and standard limits) <span class="principles">and be either self-adhering or torch-applied; a high puncture resistance is necessary for the membrane to withstand accidental damage during construction.</span>
<li>Where no ''deck'' overlay board is installed and the air and vapour control layers are partially unsupported (for example, on a steel ''deck''), the control layers must possess a published static puncture resistance of at least 400 N (90 lbf).
<li><span class="recommended">Should the air or vapour control layers be used as a temporary roof during ''project'' construction by either the ''Contractor'' or by other trades, a minimum 2 mm thick bituminous membrane is recommended</span>.
</li></ol>

====6.2.1.4. Self-adhered and Torch-applied Materials====

<ol>
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | Self-adhering or adhesive-applied materials should be considered as alternatives to torch-applied membranes when the substrate to which they will be applied is combustible, or when nearby structures, openings or materials present a fire hazard|| 2020-July-3 }}.
<li></span>{{hilite | A suitable separation or overlay material may be used as protection from open flame is acceptable; the application of materials to a combustible surface, using a torch, is strictly prohibited|| 2020-July-3 }}.
</li></ol>

====6.2.1.5. Vapour Controls for Concrete Decks====

<ol>
<li>Because curing concrete releases considerable moisture that can compromise the performance of a ''roof system'', a vapour control layer installed on new concrete ''decks'' (28 days or older) must be selected to prevent condensation inside the ''roof system''.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="recommended">A membrane with a permeability of 0.01 perms (Class I) is recommended for applications on concrete substrates, but the selection of vapour control materials is nevertheless the responsibility of the ''Design Authority''</span></span>.
</li></ol>

==Section 6.3. Application==
===6.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====6.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====6.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee'''''.
</li></ol>

===6.3.2. All Systems===
====6.3.2.1. Continuity and Support====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">The ''Contractor'' must 
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">ensure that air and vapour control layers in the ''roof system'' field, and at perimeters, are installed to provide at least 101.6 mm (4”) of overlap, for continuity of matching layers in adjacent assemblies,</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">ensure that air and vapour control layers are sealed to penetrations and drains that pass through or enter the ''roof assembly'',</span> and
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">seal all control layers to matching layers in adjacent assemblies (i.e., walls), when a roof is replaced.</span>
</li></ol>
<li>Installation <span style="background:#FFFACD">of all air and vapour control materials</span> must be {{hilite | smooth and uniform, without wrinkles or fish-mouths|| 2020-July-3 }}, and must {{hilite | also|| 2020-July-3 }} conform to the manufacturer’s published requirements and the ''Design Authority’s'' design details.
<li>All air and vapour control membrane side and end laps must be fully supported, in the field and at transitions with curbs, ''parapets'', ''walls'', and penetrations.
<li>{{hilite | When self-adhered membranes are applied directly to a steel supporting ''deck'',|| 2021-February-7 }}
<ol>
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | membranes should be oriented parallel to the direction of ''deck'' flutes|| 2021-February-7 }}</span>, and
<li>{{hilite | membrane laps and changes in plane must be supported by deck flutes, or by flat metal supports secured to the deck to span gaps|| 2021-February-7 }}.
</ol></li>
<li>When metal supports are used to span gaps between steel deck flutes, they must be
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | fabricated from pre-finished steel with a thickness no less than 24-gauge|| 2021-February-7 }}, and
<li>{{hilite | secured to the ''deck'' with no fewer than two (2) compatible screw fasteners per flute|| 2021-February-7 }} ({{hilite | See Figure 6.3.2.-A and Figure 6.3.2.-B|| 2021-February-7 }}).
</ol></li>
</ol></li>
</li></ol>

====6.3.2.2. Torch-applied Materials====

<ol>
<li>{{hilite | The application of materials to an unprotected combustible material, using a torch, is strictly prohibited|| 2020-July-3 }}.
<li>{{hilite | All combustible materials MUST be protected from open flame by an acceptable separation or overlay material; this includes, without limitation, combustible materials|| 2020-July-3 }}
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | on ''decks'', ''walls'', blocking, and canted edges|| 2020-July-3 }}, and
<li>{{hilite | that are hidden or obscured within voids, cracks, or orifices|| 2020-July-3 }}. 
</li></ol>
<li>{{hilite | When a torch-applied base membrane is specified over combustible materials, all joints between overlay panels, and at roof-wall transitions, must be sealed with the primary membrane manufacturer’s approved self-adhered membrane or tapes|| 2020-July-3 }}.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | Where torch-applied membranes are not permitted or desirable, the installation of bituminous air and vapour control layers should align with the approaches described and required in [[#10.3.8. Alternative Approaches to Sheet Membrane Flashing | Subsection 10.3.8., "Alternative Approaches to Sheet Membrane Flashing"]]|| 2020-July-3 }}.</span>
</li></ol>

====6.3.2.3. Securement on Slopes====

<ol>
<li><span class="principles">Self-adhered membranes applied to slopes greater than 1:6 (2” in 12”) should be additionally secured with mechanical fasteners in locations where slippage may occur, to counter-act material displacement resulting from temperatures that exceed the membrane’s service temperature</span>.
</li></ol>
<div class="col-md-12">
<div class="col-md-3">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ {{hilite | <small>Figure 6.3.2.-A (Click to expand)</small>|| 2021-February-7 }}  
|-
| [[File:Figure 6.3.1-1.jpg|class=img-responsive | link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/5/54/Figure_6.3.1-1.jpg | 350 px]]
|-
|}
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ {{hilite | <small>Figure 6.3.2.-B (Click to expand)</small>|| 2021-February-7 }}  
|-
| [[File:Figure 6.3.1-2.jpg|class=img-responsive | link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/d/d0/Figure_6.3.1-2.jpg | 350 px]]
|-
|}
</div>
</div>
</div>

<div class="col-md-9">

====6.3.2.4. Reserved====

<hr>

<div id=PART_7></div>

=Part 7 - Insulation=
==Section 7.1. Design==
===7.1.1. General===
====7.1.1.1. Scope====

<ol>
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
</li></ol>

====7.1.1.2. Definitions====

<ol>
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].  Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part:   
<ol>
<li>''Heat-resistant insulation'' means insulation that resists heat and will not physically or chemically change when exposed to heat greater than 70°C (158°F), including {{hilite | heat from|| 2021-June-30 }} liquefied bitumen.  Insulation boards of this type include fibreboard, polyisocyanurate, and mineral fibre ("wool").  Note that "heat-resistant" does not mean or even infer 'fire-proof'.  While some heat-resistant insulation materials will resist burning for a  time, only mineral fibre insulation will not burn.
<li>''Heat-sensitive insulation'' means insulation that may be physically or chemically altered when exposed to heat greater than 70°C (158°F) — for example, heat from a torch or from liquefied bitumen.  Heat-sensitive insulation includes EPS, XPS and polyurethane.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===7.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====7.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====7.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and shall
<ol>
<li>incorporate crickets at curbs and sleepers that impede drainage or are wider or longer than 1219.2 mm (48”), to provide positive slope to drains.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===7.1.3. All Systems===
====7.1.3.1. Responsibility for Design====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-7.1.3.1.| Note A-7.1.3.1.]])

<ol>
<li>The ''Design Authority'' is responsible to ensure the design conforms to the Building Code and any other applicable requirements, with respect to
<ol>
<li>the use of a thermal barrier between the ''roof deck'' and the insulation ''system'', and
<li>the minimum required thermal resistance of the insulation ''system''.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====<span style="background:#D8BFD8">7.1.3.2. General Requirements</span>====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Selected board insulation products may be used within the membrane ''roof systems'', provided the panels are listed in [[Division_C | Division C]], and conform to the material specifications in [[#Section 7.2. Materials | Section 7.2.]]</span>
</li></ol>

====<span style="background:#D8BFD8">7.1.3.3. Use of Existing Insulation</span>====

<ol>
<li>Existing insulation on a roof may be reused (it will be excluded from coverage under the '''''Guarantee''''', which applies only to new materials), provided
<ol>
<li>the ''Design Authority'' has specified its reuse, and
<li>the condition of the insulation is acceptable to the ''Design Authority'' as suitable to satisfy the requirements of the Building Code.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====7.1.3.4. Effective Thermal Resistance and Layering====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-7.1.3.4.| Note A-7.1.3.4.]])

<ol>
<li>Insulation ''assemblies'' with a cumulative thermal resistance greater than RSI-2.64 (R-15) (based on published LTTR values measured at 24°C) must be installed in multiple layers that are offset and staggered (See [[#Section 7.3. Application | Section 7.3., "Application"]]). 
<li>In a multi-layered ''assembly'', any single layer of insulation may have a thermal resistance greater than RSI-2.64 (R-15) provided no one layer exceeds 60% of the cumulative thermal resistance of the combined ''assembly'' of insulation, measured together with the thermal resistance of insulation overlay boards (see Figure 7.1.3.-A).
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">At intersections with insulated curbs and walls, insulation joints at the roof-wall interface must be offset and staggered to minimize or eliminate thermal bridging (See Figure 7.3.2.-B).</span>
</li></ol>
:{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ <small>Figure 7.1.3.-A (Click to expand)</small>
|-
| [[File:7.1 Insulation Layering.jpg|link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/d/d4/7.1_Insulation_Layering.jpg | 550 px]]
|}

===7.1.4. Conventionally Insulated Systems===
(The requirements in [[#7.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 7.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)

====<span style="background:#D8BFD8">7.1.4.1. Reuse of Insulation for Membrane Replacement</span>====

<ol>
<li>When a roof is specified for membrane replacement only, the existing insulation may be left in place (Subject to the requirements in [[#1.1.4.3. Partial Roof Replacement | Article 1.1.4.3.]]), but will be excluded from coverage under the '''''Guarantee'''''.
</li></ol>

====7.1.4.2. Protection of Heat-sensitive Insulation====

<ol>
<li>When ''heat-sensitive insulation'' is used in the primary thermal ''assembly'', it must be covered with a ''heat-resistant insulation'' at least 50.8 mm (2”) thick (See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-7.1.4.2. | Note A-7.1.4.2.]]).
</li></ol>

====7.1.4.3. Tapered Insulation and Crickets====

<ol>
<li>{{hilite | Tapered insulation that is ''heat-sensitive'' and manufactured to cover the entire roof area (commonly referred to as a full slope or taper package) must be installed beneath at least one layer of flat board ''heat-resistant insulation'' with a minimum thickness of 50.8 mm (2”)|| 2021-June-30 }}.
<li>{{hilite | Tapered insulation|| 2021-June-18 }}
<ol>
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | may be located anywhere within the ''roof system''</span>|| 2021-June-18 }},
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | may be used in calculating the overall thermal performance of the insulation assembly but this is at the discretion of the ''Design Authority''|| 2021-June-30 }}</span> (See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-7.1.3.4.| Note A-7.1.3.4.]]), and
<li>{{hilite | must be installed in multiple soldiered layers when the overall thickness of the tapered insulation assembly is greater than 152.4 mm (6”)|| 2021-June-30 }}.
</li></ol>
<li>{{hilite | Crickets that provide no thermal resistance value to the ''roof system'' and are used only to promote drainage over limited areas of the roof|| 2021-June-30 }}
<ol>
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | should be manufactured of ''heat-resistant insulation'', but|| 2021-June-30 }}</span> <span class="recommended">{{hilite | when crickets are manufactured from ''heat-sensitive insulation'' they should be covered with a layer of ''heat-resistant insulation'' at least 50.8 mm (2") thick|| 2021-June-30 }}</span>, and
<li><span class="recommended">{{hilite | may be installed directly over a ''roof deck'', although this is not recommended|| 2021-June-30 }}</span> {{hilite | (See [[#Section 8.1. Design | Section 8.1., "Design"]], for overlay requirements)|| 2021-June-30 }}.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====7.1.4.4. Insulating Drain Sumps====

<ol>
<li><span class="principles">To minimize condensation around drains, drain sumps should be adequately insulated for the regional location of the building, regardless of how the average thermal resistance for the ''roof system'' is calculated</span> (See [[#11.1.3.1. Principles of Design | Article 11.1.3.1., "Principles of Design"]]).
</li></ol>

====7.1.4.5. Use of Mineral Fibre Insulation====

<ol>
<li>Mineral fibre insulation panels must be secured according to both the manufacturer’s published instructions and (when applicable) the methods specified in a ''Tested Assembly'' report.
<li>Notwithstanding what is permitted or specified by the manufacturer, or what is stated in a ''Tested Assembly'', only bitumen-coated mineral fibre insulation
<ol>
<li>may be secured with adhesive or directly secured with screw-type fasteners and plates, and
<li>shall be permitted as the top layer of insulation in a multi-layered insulation assembly.
</li></ol>
<li>Uncoated mineral fibre insulation panels
<ol>
<li>must be used only in multi-layered insulation assemblies,
<li>must be located below coated mineral fibre insulation panels, and
<li>shall be secured only by mechanically fastening (see Figure 7.1.4.-E).
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">When the roof design contemplates or specifies an overburden, mineral fibre insulation shall be covered with an accepted overlay panel selected and installed to comply with the requirements in Part 8.</span>
</li></ol>
<br>
::See Figure 7.1.4.-A (through H) (Click any one to expand (MF = Mechanically Fastened; AD = Adhered; HYB = Hybrid Securement)
</li></ol>
<div class="col-md-12">
<div class="col-md-3">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ <small>7.1.4.-A,  One Layer (AD)</small>
|-
| [[File:Mineral Wool - Single layer (adhered).jpg|class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/3/31/Mineral_Wool_-_Single_layer_%28adhered%29.jpg | 300 px |Figure 7.2a]]
|}
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ <small>7.1.4.-B,  One layer (MF)</small>
|-
| [[File:Mineral Wool - Single layer (mechanically fastened).jpg|class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/b/b4/Mineral_Wool_-_Single_layer_%28mechanically_fastened%29.jpg | 300 px |Figure 7.2b]]
|}
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ <small>7.1.4.-C,  Two layers (AD)</small>
|-
| [[File:Mineral Wool - 2 - layer (adhered).jpg|class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/4/4a/Mineral_Wool_-_2_-_layer_%28adhered%29.jpg | 300 px |Figure 7.2c]]
|}
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ <small>7.1.4.-D, Two layers (HYB)</small>
|-
| [[File:Mineral Wool - 2-layer (hybrid).jpg|class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/a/a3/Mineral_Wool_-_2-layer_%28hybrid%29.jpg | 300 px |Figure 7.2d]]
|}
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ <small>7.1.4.-E,  Two layers (MF)</small>
|-
| [[File:Mineral Wool - 2-layer (mechanically fastened).jpg|class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/1/1d/Mineral_Wool_-_2-layer_%28mechanically_fastened%29.jpg | 300px |Figure 7.2e]]
|}
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ <small>7.1.4.-F,  Two layers (AD + Overburden)</small>
|-
| [[File:Mineral Wool - 2 layer (adhered - overburden).jpg|class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/5/58/Mineral_Wool_-_2_layer_%28adhered_-_overburden%29.jpg | 300 px |Figure 7.2f]]
|}
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ <small>7.1.4.-G,  Two layers (HYB + Overburden)</small>
|-
| [[File:Mineral Wool - 2 layer (hybrid - overburden).jpg|class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/c/c2/Mineral_Wool_-_2_layer_%28hybrid_-_overburden%29.jpg | 300 px |Figure 7.2g]]
|}
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ <small>7.1.4.-H,  Two layers (MF + Overburden)</small>
|-
| [[File:Mineral Wool - 2 layer (mechanically fastened - overburden).jpg|class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/2/20/Mineral_Wool_-_2_layer_%28mechanically_fastened_-_overburden%29.jpg | 300 px |Figure 7.2h]]
|}
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-9">

===7.1.5. Uninsulated Systems===
(The requirements in [[#7.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 7.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)

====7.1.5.1. Use of Crickets====

<ol>
<li>Crickets
<ol>
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | should be manufactured of ''heat-resistant insulation'', but|| 2021-June-30 }}</span> <span class="recommended">{{hilite | when crickets are manufactured from ''heat-sensitive insulation'' they should be covered with a layer of ''heat-resistant insulation'' at least 50.8 mm (2") thick|| 2021-June-30 }}</span>.
<li><span class="recommended">{{hilite | may be installed directly over a ''roof deck'', although this is not recommended|| 2021-June-30 }}</span> ({{hilite |See [[#Section 8.1. Design | Section 8.1., "Design"]], for overlay requirements|| 2021-June-30 }}).
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===7.1.6. Protected Roof Systems===
(The requirements in [[#7.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 7.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)

====7.1.6.1. Insulation Selection====

<ol>
<li>Only extruded polystyrene insulation (XPS) may be specified for a ''protected roof system''.
</li></ol>

====7.1.6.2. Drainage Mats and Filter Fabric====

<ol>
<li>Filter fabric must be specified to cover XPS insulation, to
<ol>
<li>contain the insulation and thereby prevent ‘insulation stacking’ (displacement) when insulation boards become buoyant in water, and
<li>prevent fines from settling at the membrane level and filling the voids between insulation board joints.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

==Section 7.2. Materials==
(See [[Division_C | Division C, "Accepted Materials"]])

===7.2.1. Material Properties===
====7.2.1.1. General====

<ol>
<li>Only insulation boards accepted for use in the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''', and acceptable to the membrane manufacturer, may be used to qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee'''''.
<li>The requirement to use on RoofStar-accepted board insulation extends to insulation used in ''Tested Assemblies'' (see [[#3.2.1.1. Substituting Materials Used in a Tested Assembly | Article 3.2.1.1., "Substituting Materials Used in a Tested Assembly"]]).
<li>All insulation types shall have a minimum compressive strength of 110 KPa (20 psi) when installed without a cover board under mechanically attached membranes.
</li></ol>

====7.2.1.2. Material Dimensions====

<ol>
<li>The maximum width and length of insulation boards 
<ol>
<li>installed with adhesive shall be 1219.2 mm (48") (See also [[#7.3.3.1. Adhesive-applied Insulation | Article 7.3.3.1.]]), and
<li>installed with mechanical fasteners is limited only by the ''manufacturer''.
</li></ol>
<li>Insulation installed directly over a fluted steel deck must be thick enough to span the flutes under live loads, without risk of cracking or breakage.
<li><span class="recommended">{{hilite | While minimal insulation panel thicknesses are permissible for some designs, some materials are by their nature breakable, and therefore the ''Design Authority'' should consider the constructability of the ''roof system'' from a material handling perspective and consider specifying a thicker panel|| 2021-June-30 }}</span>. 
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====7.2.1.3. Drainage Mats====

<ol>
<li>Drainage mats shall conform to the requirements in [[#14.2.1.4. Drainage and Water Retention Materials | Article 14.2.1.4.]]
</li></ol>

====7.2.1.4. Filter Fabric====

<ol>
<li>Filter fabrics shall conform to the requirements in [[#14.2.1.6. Filter Fabric | Article 14.2.1.6.]]
</li></ol>

===7.2.2. Suitability of Insulation===
====<span style="background:#FFFACD">7.2.2.1. Extruded Polystyrene Insulation</span>====

<ol>
<li>Extruded polystyrene insulation ("XPS") is ''heat-sensitive'' and
<ol>
<li>shall conform to CAN/CGSB-51.20-M87, "Thermal Insulation, Polystyrene, Boards and Pipe Covering", for Type 4 insulation, and to ASTM C578, "Standard Specification for Rigid, Cellular Polystyrene Thermal Insulation",
<li>may be used in a ''conventionally insulated roof system'', and
<li>is the only insulation that may be specified and installed in a ''protected roof system''.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====<span style="background:#FFFACD">7.2.2.2. Expanded Polystyrene Insulation</span>====

<ol>
<li>Expanded polystyrene ("EPS") is ''heat-sensitive'' and
<ol>
<li>shall conform to ASTM C578, "Standard Specification for Rigid, Cellular Polystyrene Thermal Insulation", and
<li>shall be specified and installed only in a ''conventionally insulated roof system'', or as crickets in an ''uninsulated roof system'' (See also [[#7.1.4.3. Tapered Insulation and Crickets | Article 7.1.4.3.]]).
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====<span style="background:#FFFACD">7.2.2.3. Polyisocyanurate Insulation</span>====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-7.2.2.3. | Note A-7.2.2.3.]])

<ol>
<li>Polyisocyanurate insulation ("Polyiso") is ''heat-resistant'' and
<ol>
<li>shall conform to CAN/ULC-S704, "Standard for Thermal Insulation, Polyurethane and Polyisocyanurate, Boards, Faced", and to ASTM C-1289, "Standard Specification for Faced Rigid Cellular Polyisocyanurate Thermal Insulation Board",
<li>shall be manufactured with non-organic facers, and
<li>shall be labeled to identify the manufacturer and  the date of manufacture. 
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====<span style="background:#FFFACD">7.2.2.4. Mineral Fibre Insulation</span>====

<ol>
<li>Mineral fibre insulation ("Mineral wool") is ''heat-resistant'' and
<ol>
<li>shall conform to ASTM C726-17, "Standard Specification for Mineral Wool Roof Insulation Board", and
<li>shall be specified and installed only in a ''conventionally insulated roof system''.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

==Section 7.3. Application==
===7.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====7.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====7.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantees====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and shall
<ol>
<li>incorporate crickets at all curbs and sleepers that impede drainage or are wider or longer than 1219.2 mm (48”), and
<li>incorporate an insulation overlay for all insulated ''systems'' (regardless of the insulation type) that must
<ol>
<li>be at least 6.35 mm (1/4”) thick, and
<li>possess a compressive strength of at least 690 kPa (100 psi) (Ref. [[#8.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee | Article 8.1.2.1.]]).
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===7.3.2. All Systems===
====7.3.2.1. Procurement of Insulation====

<ol>
<li>All insulation, except insulation that may be specified for re-use (See [[#7.1.3.2. General Requirements | Article 7.1.3.2.]]), must be supplied and installed by the ''Contractor''.</span>
</li></ol>

====7.3.2.2. Alignment, Sizing, and Support====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | Insulation boards|| 2021-June-30 }}</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | must be firmly supported|| 2021-June-30 }},</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="principles">should be square and should make firm, full contact with adjacent panels,</span></span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">must be installed with the appropriate grade of expanding spray foam applied to gaps greater than 6.35 mm (1/4”) (this requirement does not apply to extruded polystyrene (XPS) installed in a ''protected roof system''),</span> and
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">must be offset at least 304.8 mm (12"), both for adjacent layers and for adjacent row (a minus offset tolerance of 50.8 mm (2") maximum is permissible; see Figure 7.3.2.-A).</span>
</li></ol>
<li>Offsets are not required for
<ol>
<li>sloped insulation boards that are generally installed soldiered fashion to adjacent rows, and
<li>the first layer of overlay board, installed on top of heat-sensitive insulation, which may be soldiered to facilitate joint taping.
</li></ol>
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+<small>Figure 7.3.2.-A (Click to expand)</small> 
|-
| [[File:7.3 Insulation Offset and Staggered.jpg| link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/2/28/7.3_Insulation_Offset_and_Staggered.jpg | 400 px]]
|}<br>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | On exterior insulated walls, insulation joints at the roof-wall interface must be offset and staggered to eliminate thermal bridging|| 2022-February-5 }} ({{hilite | See Figure 7.3.2.-B|| 2022-February-5 }})</span>.
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ {{hilite | <small>Figure 7.3.2.-B (Click to expand)</small>|| 2022-February-5 }}
|-
| [[File:Figure 7.3.2.-B (Generic conv.).jpg| link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/e/ed/Figure_7.3.2.-B_%28Generic_conv.%29.jpg | 400 px]]
|}
</li></ol>

====7.3.2.3. Insulation Securement====

<ol>
<li>Insulation securement shall conform to the specified design for the ''roof assembly'', calculated to resist the ''Specified Wind Loads'' for the ''roof system''.
</li></ol>

====<span style="background:#D8BFD8">7.3.2.4. Protection of Heat-sensitive Insulation</span>====

<ol>
<li>Heat-sensitive insulation must be protected from high temperatures, both during construction and when placed in service, and therefore it must be overlaid with heat-resistant insulation no less than 50.8 mm (2") thick (see [[#7.1.4.2. Protection of Heat-sensitive Insulation | Article 7.1.4.2.]]).
</li></ol>

===7.3.3. Conventionally Insulated Systems===
(The requirements in [[#7.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 7.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)

====7.3.3.1. Adhesive-applied Insulation====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Unless specified otherwise by a ''Tested Assembly'' or in an engineered specification (see [[#3.3.2.2. Securing Systems with Adhesives | Article 3.3.2.2, "Securing Systems with Adhesives"]]), when insulation components are installed with adhesive,</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">the maximum width and length of an insulation panel shall be 1219.2 mm (48"), and</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">the maximum length of any insulation overlay panel shall be 2438.4 mm (96").</span>
</li></ol>
<li>When extruded polystyrene insulation is adhered with a two-component low-rise polyurethane foam adhesive, the faces of the insulation board must be roughened by planing to achieve optimal adhesion.
<li>Two-component low-rise polyurethane foam adhesive ribbons must be applied
<ol>
<li>to a clean, dry, and contaminant-free surface,
<li>in {{hilite | parallel runs or in|| 2021-June-30 }} a Z-pattern,
<li>no more than 152.4 mm (6”) from any edge of the board and spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12”) apart, and
<li>in ribbon widths specified by the adhesive manufacturer or, in the absence of manufacturer requirements, 19.05 mm (3/4”) wide.
</li></ol>
<li>''Roof system'' components adhered with two-component low-rise polyurethane foam must be 
<ol>
<li>installed immediately in wet adhesive (before a surface skin develops), and
<li>properly placed and weighted in wet adhesive until cured.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====7.3.3.2. Insulation Adhered with Hot Bitumen====

<ol>
<li>{{hilite | Hot bitumen used to adhere a ''roof system''|| 2021-June-30 }}
<ol>
<li>must be applied at minimum rates and temperatures based on the type of product, as published by the material manufacturer and in the Standard for Built-up Roof (BUR) Systems, and
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | may be applied on slopes up to 1/2:12</span> (For steeper slopes, select a different method of securement)|| 2021-June-30 }}.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===7.3.4. Reserved===
===7.3.5. Protected Roof Systems===
(The requirements in [[#7.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 7.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)

====<span style="background:#D8BFD8">7.3.5.1. Sequencing of Work</span>====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Insulation installed against walls or curbs must be separated from roof membranes with a non-bonding drainage mat or slip sheet.</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Insulation must be secured and protected immediately after installation.</span>
</li></ol>

====7.3.5.2. Drainage Mats====
(See also [[#Part 11 - Drainage | Part 11, "Drainage"]])

<ol>
<li>A drainage mat must be installed below the XPS insulation. 
<li>A second drainage layer may be installed above the insulation but is at the discretion of the ''Design Authority''.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">If a second drainage layer is specified, a vertical separation space measuring at least 12.7 mm (1/2″) must be preserved between the drainage layer and any ballast or overburden, to permit airflow and to assist in leveling.</span>
<li>Specialized proprietary drainage products must be acceptable to the membrane manufacturer.
<li>Ballast guards must be installed around all roof drains.
</li></ol>

====7.3.5.3. Filter Fabric====

<ol>
<li>Fabric filter mats must be
<ol>
<li>installed loose-laid (un-bonded) over the insulation and below any type of ballast or roof covering,
<li>overlapped at all edges a minimum of 304.8 mm (12”),
<li>at least 2438.4 mm x 2438.4 mm (96" x 96") in size, and
<li>slit to fit over roof penetrations or cut out around roof drains and other openings.
</li></ol>
<li>Filter fabric must extend up perimeter edges and ''curbs'' and must be placed loose (unattached) under metal counter flashings or wall finishes.
</li></ol>


<hr>
<div id=PART_8></div>

=Part 8 - Insulation Overlays=
==Section 8.1. Design==
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-8.1 | Note A-8.1]])

===8.1.1. General===
====8.1.1.1. Scope====

<ol>
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
</li></ol>

====8.1.1.2. Definitions====

<ol>
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].
</li></ol>

===8.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====8.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====8.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and shall
<ol>
<li>incorporate an insulation overlay on all insulated ''systems'', regardless of the insulation type, that must
<ol>
<li>be at least 6.35 mm (1/4”) thick, and
<li>possess a compressive strength of at least 690 kPa (100 psi).
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===8.1.3. Reserved===
===8.1.4. Conventionally Insulated Systems===
====8.1.4.1. Use Over Sensitive Materials and Systems====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">An insulation overlay of one or more layers is required over {{hilite | all field-installed flat and sloped ||2021-June-30 }} board-type insulation when
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | the compressive strength of the insulation is less than 110 KPa (20 psi)|| 2021-February-7 }},
<li>{{hilite | the membrane {{hilite | is self-adhered or|| 2021-June-30 }} will be applied with a torch flame, adhesives or hot bitumen|| 2021-February-7 }}, or
<li>a ''conventionally insulated system'' supports an overburden.
</li></ol>
<li>''Conventionally insulated roof systems'' that support ''overburden'' must be designed with at least one layer of an adhered {{hilite | overlay board (asphaltic overlays, moisture resistant fibreglass-faced silicon treated gypsum core overlays, high-density insulation overlays, composite or membrane-laminated overlays) capable of supporting any superimposed loads on the exposed membrane, without compression or distortion of the roof system or any one of its components (see also [[#14.1.3.2. Loads | Article 14.1.3.2., "Loads"]]|| 2022-June-17}}).
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | An insulation overlay of one or more layers is required over insulation installed on vertical surfaces|| 2021-June-30 }}.</span>
<li>{{hilite | The requirement to use an insulation overlay in the field does not apply || 2021-June-18 }} {{hilite |when the roof membrane is self-adhered,|| 2021-June-30 }} and
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | it is expressly accepted by the '''''Guarantor''''' for application directly on a specific insulation board without the use of an overlay|| 2021-June-30 }}, or
<li>{{hilite | it is expressly approved (in published literature) by the ''manufacturer'' for application directly on an insulation panel|| 2021-June-30 }}.
</li></ol>
<li>{{hilite | ''Heat-sensitive'' crickets used in membrane systems applied with a torch flame or hot bitumen must be overlaid using either|| 2021-June-18 }}
<ol>
<li>one layer of a RoofStar-accepted insulation overlay measuring at least 12.7 mm (1/2”) thick and continuously sealed with a flame-impervious tape along all joints with adjacent panels, or
<li>two layers of a RoofStar-accepted insulation overlay, each measuring at least 4.76 mm (3/16”) thick. 
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====8.1.4.2. Use Over Mineral Fibre Insulation====

<ol>
<li>An insulation overlay is not required when torch-applied membranes are installed directly on mineral fibre insulation treated with a thermofusible bitumen top surface (This exception is subject to the requirements for mineral wool insulation published in [[#Part 7 - Insulation | Part 7, "Insulation"]]).
<li>When an overlay board is required over mineral wool insulation, the overlay board must be a moisture resistant fibreglass-faced silicon treated gypsum core board measuring at least 12.7 mm (1/2") thick (See [[#Section 7.2. Materials | Section 7.2., "Materials"]], concerning mineral wool insulation).
</li></ol>

==Section 8.2. Materials==
(See [[Division_C | Division C, "Accepted Materials"]])

===8.2.1. Material Properties===
====8.2.1.1. Insulation Overlay Dimensions====

<ol>
<li>Regardless of the type of insulation overlay, the overall thickness of insulation overlay boards shall not exceed 50.8 mm (2”) (See minimum allowable thicknesses are shown in Table 8.1.-A).
<li>{{hilite | Asphalt-coated|| 2021-June-30 }} fibreboard roof insulation adhered with hot asphalt or an asphalt-based adhesive must be asphalt-coated on the top and bottom surface (Minimum coated two-sides).
<li>Fire guard tape must be 152.4 mm (6”) wide
<ol>
<li>self-adhering modified bituminous tape acceptable to the membrane manufacturer, or
<li>Type IV fibreglass felt or No. 15 organic felt, applied with hot bitumen or cold adhesive.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
{|  class="wikitable" style="margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto;border-color:#E7E9E9;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  
|+ <small>Table 8.1.-A, Insulation Overlay Minimum Thicknesses</small>
|-
! style="width: 450px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;" | Overlay Type
! style="width: 220px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;" | Minimum Thickness - mm (in.)
|-
| Asphaltic core || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"   | 4.76 (3/16")
|-
| Moisture resistant fibreglass-faced silicon treated gypsum core ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"   | 6.35 (1/4")
|-
| High-density insulation || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"   |  12.7 (1/2")
|-
| Membrane-laminated overlays and Composites || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"   | As listed in this ''Manual''
|-
| Fibreboard || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"   | As listed in this ''Manual''
|-
| Mineral wool || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"   | As listed in this ''Manual''
|}
<div id="INSUL_OVERLAY_APPLICATION"></div>

==Section 8.3. Application==
===8.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====8.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====8.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantees====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and shall
<ol>
<li>incorporate an insulation overlay on all insulated ''systems'' (regardless of the insulation type) that must
<ol>
<li>be at least 6.36 mm (1/4”) thick, and
<li>possess a compressive strength of at least 690 kPa (100 psi).
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===8.3.2. Reserved===
===8.3.3. Conventionally Insulated Systems===
====8.3.2.1. Alignment of Overlays====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">The ''Contractor'' shall ensure that the selection and application of insulation overlays conforms to the Design requirements in [[#Section 8.1. Design | Section 8.1.]] of this Part.</span>
<li>{{hilite | Fibreboard shall not be used as an insulation overlay beneath torch-applied membranes|| 2021-June-30 }}.
<li>{{hilite | Insulation overlays || 2021-June-30 }} 
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | should be square and should make firm, full contact with adjacent panels unless specified otherwise by the manufacturer|| 2021-June-30 }}, and
<li>{{hilite | must be offset at least 304.8 mm (12") from the joints of the insulation layer; a minus offset tolerance of 50.8 mm (2") maximum is permissible|| 2021-June-30 }}.
</ol></li>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">All insulation overlay boards must be offset from insulation joints by at least 304.8 mm (12”), and shall be offset from adjacent and underlying overlay boards by at least 304.8 mm (12”) (Figure 8.3.2.-A.).</span>

{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ <small>Figure 8.3.2.-A (Click to expand)</small>
|-
| [[File:8.1 Insulation and Overlays.jpg| link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/9/9e/8.1_Insulation_and_Overlays.jpg |400 px]]
|}
</ol></li>

====8.3.2.2. Mechanical Securement====

<ol>
<li>When mechanically attaching insulation overlay boards, the insulation and overlay boards may be fastened together as one ''assembly''. 
<li>Unless otherwise indicated by the system requirements in a ''Tested Assembly'', follow the fastener patterns set out in [[#3.3.2.1. Securing Systems with Mechanical Fasteners | Article 3.3.2.1.]]
<li>When a membrane-laminated overlay is mechanically fastened over insulation, fasteners and plates used in the field of each panel must be covered with polyester or composite-reinforced membrane patches that extend past the edge of each plate at least 50.8 mm (2”).
</ol></li>

====8.3.2.3. Adhered Securement====

<ol>
<li>{{hilite | Adhered overlays must conform to the design requirements in [[#Section 8.1. Design | Section 8.1.]] of this Part|| 2022-June-17 }}.
<li>{{hilite | ''Roof system'' components adhered with two-component low-rise polyurethane foam must be|| 2021-June-30 }}
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | installed immediately in wet adhesive (before a surface skin develops), applied|| 2021-June-30 }} 
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | to a clean, dry and contaminant-free surface|| 2021-June-30 }},
<li>{{hilite | in parallel runs or in a Z-pattern, no more than 152.4 mm (6”) from any edge of the board and spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12”) apart|| 2021-June-30 }}, and
<li>{{hilite | in ribbon widths specified by the adhesive manufacturer or, in the absence of manufacturer requirements, 19.05 mm (3/4”) wide|| 2021-June-30 }}, and
</ol></li>
<li>{{hilite | properly placed and weighted in wet adhesive until cured|| 2021-June-30 }}.
</ol></li>
<li>{{hilite | Hot bitumen used to adhere a ''roof assembly''|| 2021-June-30 }}
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | must be applied at minimum rates and temperatures published by the ''manufacturer'' for the type of bitumen used|| 2021-June-30 }}, and
<li>{{hilite | may be applied on slopes up to 1/2:12 (for steeper slopes, select a different method of securement)|| 2021-June-30 }}.
</ol></li>
</ol></li>
</ol></li>

<hr>
<div id=PART_9></div>

=Part 9 - Roof Field (Membrane Systems)=
==Section 9.1. Design==
===9.1.1. General===
====9.1.1.1. Scope====

<ol>
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
</li></ol>

====9.1.1.2. Definitions====

<ol>
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].  Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part: 
<ol>
<li>''Manufacturer'' means the manufacturer of the primary roof covering, unless stated otherwise.
<li>''Parallel to Slope'' means the direction parallel to the angle of a sloped plane.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===9.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====9.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====9.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and shall
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | be constructed with membranes conforming to the RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee criteria in Table 9.1. || 2020-October-22 }}</span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===9.1.3. All Systems===
====9.1.3.1. General Requirements====

<ol>
<li>Any roof areas with a slope less than 1:16 (3/4" in 12") require 2 ply membrane assemblies.
<li>All SBS-modified bituminous membrane roofs shall be designed to satisfy the requirements of the Code and the requirements in [[#Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly | Part 3]] of this Standard.
<li>The specifications, details, and installation techniques must conform to the membrane manufacturer's requirements.
<li>Membranes must be selected for their
<ol>
<li>composition, both in terms of thickness and reinforcement,
<li>performance characteristics in relation to the intended use of the roof, as for example puncture resistance or reflectivity and reduced heat absorption,
<li>application methodology, which may be limited by the type of ''supporting deck'' or substrate to which it will be applied, and
<li>seasonal applications (summer and winter grades).
</li></ol>
<li>{{hilite |Single ply modified bituminous membranes require a minimum slope of 1:16 (3/4” in 12”).|| 2020-February-15 }}
</li></ol>

====<span style="background:#D8BFD8">9.1.3.2. Control Joints (Roof Dividers)</span>====

<ol>
<li>When ''control joints'' (roof dividers) are recommended or required by the ''manufacturer'', or are deemed necessary by the ''Design Authority'' (ref. [[#2.1.6.2. Control Joints (Roof Dividers) | Article 2.1.6.2.]]), they must be designed following the requirements in [[#10.1.6.2. Control Joints (Roof Dividers) | Article 10.1.6.2.]]
</li></ol>

====9.1.3.3. Securement====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-9.1.3.3. | Note A-9.1.3.3.]])

<ol>
<li>The ''roof system'' must be secured to resist displacement by ''Specified Wind Loads'', and therefore the requirements in this Article shall be read together with the requirements in [[#Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly | Part 3]] of this Standard.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">When membranes are mechanically fastened, only base membranes designed for in-seam screw-type fasteners may qualify; nail-applied membranes are not permissible.</span>
<li>{{hilite | When the designed slope of the roof exceeds 1:6 (2” in 12”), and either or both membranes are self-adhered, the head-lap of a full or partial membrane run, installed parallel to the slope, must be secured with at least three (3) mechanical fasteners and plates equally spaced across its width.
<li>When the membrane is specified to run perpendicular to the slope, the up-slope seam must be mechanically fastened with screws and plates no more than 609.6 mm (24”) O.C.|| 2020-July-3 }}
<li>''Primary'' roof membranes may not be directly adhered to a wood ''deck''.
<li>When the roof slope exceeds 1:24 (1/2” in 12”), only cap membranes installed by methods other than with hot bitumen may be specified.
<li><span class="principles">Single-ply SBS-modified bituminous membranes may be used only when the roof slope is greater than 1:16 (¾” in 12”), and may be adhered, self-adhered, mechanically fastened, or torch-applied to the substrate for which they are designed and specified.
</li></ol>

<div id="SBSPROTECTION"></div>

====9.1.3.4. Membrane Protection====

<ol>
<li>Installed membranes must be protected from damage caused by
<ol>
<li>any walkway surface,
<li>work performed concurrently or subsequently by other trades (the ''Design Authority'' is strongly urged to direct the work of other trades through specific, explicit directives in the design specifications), and
<li>chemicals or other contaminants that may adversely impact the roof membrane or other ''system'' components, including (without limitation)
<ol>
<li>animal or vegetable grease,
<li>hot pipes (release valves),
<li>petroleum products or bi-products, and
<li>{{hilite | miscellaneous fluids from equipment|| 2020-July-3 }} (See also [[#12.3.2.6. Liquid Membrane Flashing | Article 12.3.2.6.]] for application of reinforced liquid membrane flashing around roof penetrations).
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
<li><span class="recommended">Membranes should be protected from</span>
<ol>
<li><span class="recommended">pool or garden chemicals and fertilizers</span>,
<li><span class="recommended">pet urine</span>,
<li><span class="recommended">bird excrement</span>, and 
<li><span class="recommended">refrigerants</span>.
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8"><span class="recommended">Where it is desirable for the field membrane to resist the damaging effects of grease, oils or other contaminants, the ''Design Authority'' should consider specifying a Roofstar-accepted, fleece-reinforced <u>2-component</u> catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) liquid membrane (See also [[#9.3.3.5. Liquid Membranes | Article 9.3.3.5.]]).</span></span>
<li><span class="recommended">Roof membranes that are exposed to sunlight reflected off adjacent glazing and metal cladding or framework (such as window mullions) should be selected for their ability to accommodate elevated temperatures, or should be protected</span>
<ol>
<li><span class="recommended">with overburden materials, such as pavers or gravel,</span> or
<li><span class="recommended">by overhangs that shade reflective wall surfaces and glazing</span> (See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-9.1.3.4.| Note A-9.1.3.4.]]).
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====9.1.3.5. Walkways====

<ol>
<li>When ''conventionally insulated'' and uninsulated ''systems'' will be accessed at least once per month for maintenance of serviceable equipment, the design must incorporate designated walkways 
<ol>
<li>to protect the primary membrane at roof access points, equipment service locations and along travel routes, 
<li>that facilitate drainage and drying (<span class="principles">pedestals and other paver supports provide airflow for drying surfaces and assist in leveling; they should not impede the flow of water or air and should uniformly distribute the dead load of pavers and predicted live loads</span>), and
<li>that are properly secured against movement by wind.
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">The membrane must be suitably protected from mechanical damage by walkway surfaces.</span>
<li>Paver walkway surfaces must be suitably supported in keeping with [[#14.1.3.11. Wearing Surfaces | Article 14.1.3.11.]] and [[#14.3.2.5. Wearing Surfaces | Article 14.3.2.5., "Wearing Surfaces"]].
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Designated walkways may be specified using a proprietary coating (See also [[Guarantee#3.2.1.2._Limitations_and_Exclusions_of_Guarantee | Division A, Article 3.2.1.2.]]), or may be superimposed on the membrane surface but must be suitably supported in keeping with [[#14.1.3.11. Wearing Surfaces | Article 14.1.3.11.]] and [[#14.3.2.5. Wearing Surfaces | 14.3.2.5., "Wearing Surfaces"]].
 14.3.2.5., "Wearing Surfaces".</span>
<li>Membrane walkways constructed with a third ply are permissible but are not considered part of the ''roof system'' and therefore are not covered by the '''''Guarantee'''''.
</li></ol>

===9.1.4. Conventionally Insulated Systems===
(The requirements in [[#9.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 9.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)

====9.1.4.1. General Requirements====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | All ''conventionally insulated'' ''roof systems'' must conform to the requirements in [[#3.1.4.1. Securement Against Specified Wind Loads | Article 3.1.4.1.]], and to [[#Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly | Part 3]] generally.|| 2020-July-3 }}</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Only ''PARS'' and ''AARS'' assemblies are permitted when a ''conventionally insulated roof system'', or a portion of it, is designed to support any type of load; pavers supported by pedestals are an exception (this limitation must be read together with the requirements in Part 14)</span>.
</li></ol>

====9.1.4.2. Warning Zones====

<ol>
<li><span class="recommended">Fall protection warning zones</span> (see <u>WorkSafeBC Regulations</u> and related materials) <span class="recommended">may be designed to utilize</span> 
<ol>
<li><span class="recommended">primary roof membranes in contrasting colours</span>,
<li><span class="recommended">a "sacrificial" third ply installed over the primary cap membrane</span> (Ref. [[Guarantee#3.2.1.2._Limitations_and_Exclusions_of_Guarantee | Division A, Article 3.2.1.2.]]), or
<li><span class="recommended">{{hilite | a proprietary coating || 2020-July-3 }}</span>.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===9.1.5. Uninsulated Systems===
(The requirements in [[#9.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 9.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)

====9.1.5.1. General Requirements====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | All ''uninsulated'' ''roof systems'' must satisfy the requirements of the Building Code and [[#Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly | Part 3]] of this Standard, and shall be (when applicable)|| 2020-July-3 }}</span>
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | a ''Tested Assembly''|| 2020-July-3 }},
<li>{{hilite | an ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance''|| 2020-July-3 }}, or
<li>{{hilite | an ''assembly'' with custom-engineered securement|| 2020-July-3 }}.
</li></ol>
<li>When a ''roof system'' installed on a concrete ''deck'' or concrete topping is uninsulated, the base membrane must be vented to mitigate the effects of vapour drive from the concrete.
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8"> Membranes may not be fully adhered or torch-applied to a wood ''deck''.</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8"> Membranes specified for application over a wood ''deck'' shall be</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8"> fully adhered to a mechanically attached, RoofStar-accepted deck overlay board,</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8"> "vented" (semi-adhered), or</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8"> mechanically fastened.</span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====9.1.5.2. Warning Zones====

<ol>
<li>The requirements and recommendations in [[#9.1.4.2. Warning Zones | Article 9.1.4.2.]] shall be applied and considered for ''uninsulated roof systems''.
</li></ol>

===9.1.6. Protected Roof Systems===
(The requirements in [[#9.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 9.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)

====9.1.6.1. General Requirements====

<ol>
<li>Only fully adhered membranes may be used in a ''Protected Membrane Roof System''; mechanically attached membranes are not suitable and shall not be used for this application.
<li>Ballasted systems shall conform to the requirements in [[#3.3.5.1. Ballasted Systems | Article 3.3.5.1.]] and [[#9.1.3.3. Securement | Article 9.1.3.3.]]
</li></ol>

==Section 9.2. Materials==
(See [[Division_C | Division C, "Accepted Materials"]])

===9.2.1. Material Properties===
====9.2.1.1. Membrane Composition, Thickness, and Selection====

<ol>
<li>{{hilite | All SBS polymer-modified bituminous membranes must be selected from the list of accepted materials published in [[Division_C | Division C]] of this ''Manual'', and must conform to|| 2022-June-17 }} 
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | CSA-A123.23, "Product specification for polymer-modified bitumen sheet, prefabricated and reinforced"||2022-June-17}}, and
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">acceptance criteria published in this ''Manual'',</span> and
<li>{{hilite | criteria in Table 9.1.||2022-June-17}}
</li></ol>
<li>Both the base and cap membranes in 2 or 3-Ply SBS-modified bituminous membrane ''system'' must be modified with the same polymer.
<li>Oxidized asphalt membranes will be considered as underlay only and must not be counted as one of two plies.
<li>Liquid membranes must be reinforced and accepted for use over a base membrane ply acceptable to the ''manufacturer'' of the liquid membrane.
</li></ol>

:{|            class="wikitable mw-datatable" style="margin-left: 10pt; margin-right: auto;border-color:#E7E9E9;vertical-align:top;text-align:top;"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
|+           <small>Table 9.1., SBS-modified Bituminous Membranes: RoofStar 5, 10 and 15-Year Guarantee<br>Applies to Field and Flashing membranes.  All thicknesses shown are in mm</small>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
!              colspan="2" style="border:none; background-color:#E7E9E9"      |
!              colspan="6" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#A9A9A9;"    |              <span style="color:#f8f9fa">Exposed Roof Systems</span>  !! rowspan="44" style="border:none; background-color:#E7E9E9"            |
!              colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background-color:#A9A9A9;"     |             <span style="color:#f8f9fa">Protected Roof Systems</span>
!              colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#808080;"     |             <span style="color:#f8f9fa">Grade-level<br>Water-<br>proofing</span> 
|-
!              colspan="2" style="border:none; background-color:#E7E9E9"      | 
!              colspan="5" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#C0C0C0;"     |             <span style="color:#2a4b8d;">Conventionally Insulated / Uninsulated Systems
!              colspan="1" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#C0C0C0;"     |             <span style="color:#4682B4">Membrane<br>Gutters</span>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
!              colspan="2" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#C0C0C0;"      |             <span style="color:#9370DB">PMR<br>Systems</span>
|-
|              colspan="2" style="border:none;background-color:#E7E9E9;"      | 
|              rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3D3"     |             Mechanic-<br>ally<br>fastened                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
|              rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3D3"     |             Heat-<br>welded
|              colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#DCDCDC;"                 |             Adhered                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
|              rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3D3"     |             Heat-<br>welded;<br>Adhesive-<br>applied;<br>Self-<br>adhered
</span>
|              rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3D3"     |             Heat-<br>welded;<br>Adhered
|              rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3D3"  |                <span style="writing-mode:vertical-rl;"><small>Puncture Resistance</small></span>  
|              rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3D3"  |                Heat-<br>welded;<br>Adhered
|              rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3D3"  |                <span style="writing-mode:vertical-rl;"><small>Puncture Resistance</small></span>
|-
|              colspan="2" style="border:none; background-color:#E7E9E9"      |           
|              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3D3"     |             Self-<br>adhered
|              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3D3"     |             Hot-<br>mopped
|              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3D3"     |             Adhesive-<br>applied                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
|-
! style="text-align:left;background-color:#C0C0C0"      |       Type, Reinforcement, Grade  ||  Guarantee Term 
!              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              mm                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
!              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              mm                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
!              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              mm                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
!              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              mm                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
!              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              mm                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
!              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              mm
!              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              mm
!              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              (N)
!              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              mm
!              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              (N)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
|-
|   colspan="14" style="border:none;background-color:#E7E9E9;"  |
|-                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
|             rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;background-color:#F0E68C"        |              '''Minimum Combined 2-ply Thickness'''  
|-
|             rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E9967A"            |    5/10  ||  colspan="6" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    | 6.00                ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     6.00  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |   N/A ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    6.00  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"             |    N/A
|-  
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#FA8072"            |    15  ||  colspan="6" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    | 6.50                 ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    6.50  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    N/A ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    6.50  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"             |   N/A
|-  
|   colspan="14" style="border:none;background-color:#E7E9E9;"  |
|-                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
|              rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;background-color:#EEE8AA"        |              Base (Fibreglass) - Gr. 3   
|-
|             rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E9967A"            |    5/10  || rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    | 2.30                  ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        2.30        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     2.30          ||   rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        2.20         ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        2.20         ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |           <span style="color:#d33">X</span>	       ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span>		  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>	 ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span>	  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span>
|-  
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#FA8072"            |    15 ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span>        ||   rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        2.50         ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |       2.50        ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    2.50  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    2.50    ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span>    ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span> ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span>	
|-  
|              rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;background-color:#EEE8AA"        |              Base (Composite fibreglass) - Gr. 3
|-
|             rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E9967A"            |    5/10  || rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    | 2.30                  ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        2.30        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     2.30          ||   rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        2.20         ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        2.20         ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |           2.50       ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     2.20	  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>	 ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     2.20  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span>		
|-  
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#FA8072"            |    15 || rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    | <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                  ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        2.50        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     2.50          ||   rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        2.50         ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        2.50         ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |           2.90       ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     2.50	  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>	 ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     2.50  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span>	
|-   
|              rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;background-color:#EEE8AA"        |              Base (Polyester) - Gr. 3
|-
|             rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E9967A"            |    5/10   ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  2.50                ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |         2.50        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     2.50         ||   rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |      2.20        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        2.20         ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |           2.50      ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     2.20  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span>	  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     2.20	  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span>	
|-  
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#FA8072"            |    15 ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                 ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |         2.50        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     2.50          ||   rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        2.50         ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |       2.50        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |           2.90       ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     2.50	  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>	 ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     2.50  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span>
|-  
|              rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;background-color:#EEE8AA"        |             Base (Composite) - Gr. 3
|-
|             rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E9967A"            |    5/10  ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  2.30                  ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |         2.30       ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     2.30          ||   rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        2.20         ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        2.20        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |           2.50       ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    2.20  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>	 ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     2.20	  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span>	
|-  
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#FA8072"            |    15 ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                 ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |         2.50        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     2.50          ||   rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        2.50         ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |       2.50        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |          2.90       ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    2.50  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     2.50 ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  
|-
|              rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;background-color:#EEE8AA"        |             Factory Laminated Base (panel)
|-
|             rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E9967A"            |    5/10  ||  colspan="5" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    | 2.20                  ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |           <span style="color:#d33">X</span>       ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     2.20  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    N/A   ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"             |     N/A	
|-  
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#FA8072"            |    15 ||  colspan="5" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    | 2.20                  ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |           <span style="color:#d33">X</span>       ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     2.20  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    N/A   ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"             |     N/A	
|-
|   colspan="14" style="border:none;background-color:#E7E9E9;"  |
|-
|              rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;background-color:#FFFACD"        |              Film Cap (Fibreglass) - Gr. 2
|-
|             rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E9967A"            |    5/10  ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |         4.00        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     3.30         ||   rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        3.30        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        3.30         ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |           <span style="color:#d33">X</span>        ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span>	 ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span>   ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span>	  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"             |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>
|-  
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#FA8072"            |    15 ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                  ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |         <span style="color:#d33">X</span>       ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span>          ||   rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        <span style="color:#d33">X</span>        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |       <span style="color:#d33">X</span>         ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |       <span style="color:#d33">X</span>        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |          <span style="color:#d33">X</span>      ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>      ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span>
|- 
|              rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;background-color:#FFFACD"        |              Film Cap (Polyester) - Gr. 2
|-
|             rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E9967A"            |    5/10  ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                 ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |         4.00       ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     3.50          ||   rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        3.50         ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        3.50        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |           3.00        ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    3.00   ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     400  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     3.00  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"             |     400	
|-  
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#FA8072"            |    15 ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |         4.00        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     4.00          ||   rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |      4.00        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        4.00         ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |          4.00           ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     3.00  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    400 ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    3.50  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    400
|-
|              rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;background-color:#FFFACD"        |              Film Cap (Composite) - Gr. 2
|-
|             rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E9967A"            |    5/10  ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |         4.00        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     3.30          ||   rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        3.30         ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |       3.30         ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |           3.00           ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     3.00  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     400 ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     3.00  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"             |     400	
|-  
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#FA8072"            |    15 ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |         4.00        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     4.00          ||   rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |      4.00        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        4.00         ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |          4.00      ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     3.00  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    400 ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    3.50  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    400
|-
|              rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;background-color:#FFF8DC"        |              Granule Cap (Fibreglass) - Gr. 1
|-
|             rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E9967A"            |    5/10  ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                 ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |         4.00        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     3.30         ||   rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |       3.30        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        3.30          ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>	 ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span>	  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span>	 ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span>	  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span>	
|-  
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#FA8072"            |    15 ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |         <span style="color:#d33">X</span>        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>          ||   rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |      <span style="color:#d33">X</span>        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        <span style="color:#d33">X</span>         ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |          <span style="color:#d33">X</span>      ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |   <span style="color:#d33">X</span>      ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span>    ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>
|-
|              rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;background-color:#FFF8DC"        |              Granule Cap (Polyester) - Gr. 1
|-
|             rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E9967A"            |    5/10  ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    | <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |         4.00       ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |   3.50         ||   rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        3.50         ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |       3.50        ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |       3.50        ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    3.00  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     400   ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     3.00  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"             |     400	
|-  
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#FA8072"            |    15 ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |         4.00        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     4.00          ||   rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |      4.00        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        4.00         ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |          4.00          ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     3.00   ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    400  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    3.50  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    400
|-
|              rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;background-color:#FFF8DC"        |              Granule Cap (Composite) - Gr. 1
|-
|             rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E9967A"            |    5/10  ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>	                 ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |         3.30      ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     4.00          ||   rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        3.30         ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |       3.30         ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |      3.50           ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    3.00    ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     400   ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     3.00  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"             |     400	
|-  
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#FA8072"            |    15 ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |         4.00        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     4.00          ||   rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |      4.00        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |        4.00         ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |          4.00          ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |     3.00   ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    400  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    3.50  ||     rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"             |    400  
|-
|}

====9.2.1.2. Fasteners and Adhesives====

<ol>
<li>Fasteners and adhesives shall conform to the material requirements in [[#Section 3.2. Materials | Section 3.2.]]
</li></ol>

====9.2.1.3. Protection Materials====

<ol>
<li>When installed membranes require protection, the requirements in [[#14.2.1.2. Membrane Protection | Article 14.2.1.2.]] apply.
</li></ol>

===9.2.2. Materials Storage and Handling===
====9.2.2.1. Protection from the Weather====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">All uninstalled materials must be protected from weather by properly stacking them above ground, or above the roof surface, in or beneath covers that are weather-resistant and secured against displacement by wind.  See also [[#4.2.1.1. Use of Accepted Materials | Article 4.2.1.1., "Use of Accepted Materials"]].</span>
</ol></li>

===9.2.3. Accessories===
====9.2.3.1. Accessories Supplied by Membrane Manufacturer====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">All membrane accessory components must be supplied by and acceptable to the ''manufacturer''.</span>
</ol></li>

==Section 9.3. Application==
===9.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====9.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====9.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''',</span> and shall
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">utilize only those membranes listed in Table 9.1. that qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee'''''.</span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===9.3.2. All Systems===
====9.3.2.1. Preparation of Substrate====

<ol>
<li>All supporting decks must be acceptable to the ''manufacturer'' and must be
<ol>
<li>made suitable for roofing by others (trades other than the ''Contractor''),
<li>dimensionally stable,
<li>structurally sound,
<li>capable of accommodating ''roof system'' component movement,
<li>clean,
<li>adequately dry and frost-free,
<li>reasonably smooth and free of abrupt elevation changes, and
<li>absolutely free of 
<ol>
<li>dust, 
<li>dirt, 
<li>voids, 
<li>open cracks, 
<li>sharp projections, 
<li>contaminants, 
<li>objectionable surface treatments, 
<li>laitance (concrete must be “native”), 
<li>oil, and
<li>grease
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">A properly secured, accepted overlay board is required (ref. [[#Part 5 - Deck and Wall Overlays | Part 5]])
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">for any ''deck'' that does not meet the deck fastening criteria set out in [[#2.1.5.3. All Wood Roof Decks | Article 2.1.5.3.]],</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">for any ''deck'' that cannot be repaired or otherwise made suitable for roofing,</span> and
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">for mass timber decks (plywood overlay shall conform to the requirements in [[#5.2.1.1. Suitability of Overlays| Article 5.2.1.1.]].</span>
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Substrates must be primed, if required by the ''manufacturer''.</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">All plane transitions must be prepared or reinforced in the manner specified by the ''manufacturer''.</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">All concrete decks</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">must cure at least 28 days before receiving adhered membranes, but this limitation may be reduced if both the building envelope engineer and the ''manufacturer'' expressly permit membrane application within the first 28 days after pouring, and their respective signed letters of permission are furnished to the '''''Guarantor''''' forthwith, to be included with the ''project'' record ("adhered", as used in this requirement, means fully or intermittently bonding any membrane to the deck with an adhesive, hot asphalt (bitumen), or heat),</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">must be finished by others to render a surface profile range suitable to the membrane manufacturer, to facilitate a ‘mechanical bond’ between the substrate and the membrane,</span> and
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">constructed with pre-cast panels must be made continuous and even; all side and end-joints must be filled and reinforced according to the ''manufacturer’s'' published requirements.</span>
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Plywood decks with cracks or loose knots must be filled, or overlaid with plywood (see [[#5.2.1.1. Suitability of Overlays| Article 5.2.1.1.]]).</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Joints between plywood deck panels must be prepared and reinforced according to the manufacturer’s published requirements.</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Wood decks must be overlaid with an acceptable deck overlay panel when the specified membrane system will be adhered directly to the deck (ref. [[#Part 5 - Deck and Wall Overlays | Part 5]]), but an overlay is not required (unless specified by the ''Design Authority'') for</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">self-adhered air or vapour controls, or</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">mechanically fastened or loose-laid membranes</span>.
</li></ol>
<li>If surface drying is required prior to roofing, the ''deck'' must be dried with blown air.
</li></ol>

====<span style="background:#D8BFD8">9.3.2.2. Preparation of Roofing Materials</span>====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Membranes must be prepared and relaxed for installation, as required by the ''manufacturer''.</span>
</li></ol>

====9.3.2.3. General Requirements for Membrane Application====

<ol>
<li>Membranes must be installed according to the manufacturer's published instructions, details, and installation techniques unless exceeded by this Standard.
<li><span class="principles">Membranes should be installed beginning at the lowest point of the roof</span>.
<li>All membrane openings at eaves, walls, vents, etc. must be sealed during application to prevent moisture from entering the ''roof system'' or between membrane flashing plies.
<li>At the end of a day, or when installation must be stopped because of circumstance (such as inclement weather), <span style="background:#FFFACD">the new ''roof system'' membrane must be temporarily and continuously sealed to ensure the building and any new ''roof system'' components are protected from exposure to, and damage by, the weather</span>.
<li>Except for the application of picture-framing techniques (see [[#10.3.8. Alternative Approaches to Sheet Membrane Flashing | Sub-section 10.3.8., "Alternative Approaches to Sheet Membrane Flashing"]]), both the base and cap membranes must be installed in a parallel direction (not perpendicular to each other). 
<li>Both the base and cap membranes of a 2-ply un-granulated (smooth) membrane ''system'' must be installed separately; installation "shingle fashion" (i.e., 50% lap) is not acceptable except where membrane "back nailing" is required.  
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Before any roof covering, structure or equipment is installed, roof membranes must be</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">inspected,</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">scanned for breaches, when an integrity scan is required by this Standard,</span> and
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">free of deficiencies.</span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====9.3.2.4. Cold and Inclement Weather Application====

<ol>
<li>Installation during cold weather must follow the membrane manufacturer’s guidelines for storage and membrane conditioning.
</li></ol>

====<span style="background:#FFFACD">9.3.2.5. Securement on Slopes</span>====

<ol>
<li>Self-adhered membranes installed on slopes exceeding 1:6 (2” in 12”) must conform to [[#9.3.3.1. Self-adhered and Cold-processed Membranes | Article 9.3.3.1.]]
</li></ol>

====9.3.2.6. Membrane Seams====

<ol>
<li>{{hilite |When the membrane is specified to run parallel to a slope, the up-slope seam must be mechanically fastened with screws and plates no more than 609.6 mm (24”) O.C.|| 2020-July-3 }}
<li>All membranes must
<ol>
<li>overlap adjacent membranes (side laps) at least 76.2 mm (3”),
<li>overlap the end of the next membrane run at least 152.4 mm (6") (angle-cut the selvedge corner of the underlying membrane as required by the ''manufacturer''), and
<li>offset adjacent membrane end laps by at least 304.8 mm (12”).
</li></ol>
<li>{{hilite |Membranes shall be installed so that cap membrane end laps are located at least 914.4 mm (36”) from the centre of any roof field drain, except where drain sumps are employed. || 2020-February-15 }}
<li>When membranes are mechanically fastened, side laps must be at least 101.6 mm (4”) and cover the fastener plate by at least 50.8 mm (2”).
<li>Seams must be fully bonded, both along the sides and at the ends of membrane runs.
<li>All base membrane field seams, regardless of the type of application, must be “buttered” before the end of the working day.
<li>All cap membranes must exhibit continuous visible bitumen bleed-out along seam edges.
<li>Cap membrane runs must be offset from the base field membrane seams, according to the membrane manufacturer's published instructions, and centred over drains.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====9.3.2.7. Protection of Membranes====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">The ''Contractor'', and other trades who use primers for self-adhering membranes typically installed on ''walls'' or around doors, window, or other ''wall penetrations, must protect membranes</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">from splashed or dripped primer used to enhance adhesion of self-adhering membranes, as the primer may damage the membranes and cause leaks, and</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">from accidental damage, including damage by staged materials, scaffolding, foot and equipment traffic, and anything else that may pose a hazard to the integrity of the membrane.</span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====9.3.2.8. Transitions with Water-shedding Systems====

<ol>
<li>{{hilite |Where slopes less than 1:16 (3/4" in 12") intersect  a ''water-shedding system'', the ''waterproofing system'' must be designed to extend up the ''water-shedding system'' slope as described in [[#10.3.7.2. Intersections with Water-Shedding Roofs | Article 10.3.7.2.]], using methods conforming to the general application requirements in [[#10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls | Article 10.3.2.3.]] || 2020-July-3 }}
</li></ol>

====9.3.2.9. Walkways====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Any walkway pads or supports capable of absorbing solar radiation must be installed on a non-bonding slip sheet, to protect the membrane from damage by heat.</span> 
<li>When pavers are used as the walkway material, they must be 
<ol>
<li>spaced no closer than 3.18 mm (1/8″),
<li>supported by non-abrasive pads or proprietary pedestals providing a minimum of 12.7 mm (1/2″) of vertical separation to permit adequate airflow and leveling {{hilite | (Slip sheets under pedestals may be necessary to prevent membrane abrasion) || 2020-July-3 }}, and
<li>{{hilite | secured against displacement by wind. || 2020-February-15 }}
</li></ol>
<li>When an additional membrane ply serving as a ‘sacrificial’ walking surface is installed over the <span style="background:#FFFACD">completed multi-ply membrane</span>, the 'sacrificial' ply is not considered part of the ''roof system'' and therefore is excluded from coverage under the '''''RoofStar Guarantee'''''.
</li></ol>

===9.3.3. Membrane Application Methods===
(The requirements in [[#9.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 9.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)

<div id="MEMB_FIELD_ADHERED"></div>
====9.3.3.1. <span style="background:#FFFACD">Self-adhered and Cold-processed</span> Membranes====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-9.3.3.1. | Note A-9.3.3.1.]])

<ol>
<li><span class="recommended">{{hilite | The installation of self-adhering membranes across the slope of the roof is not recommended|| 2020-July-3 }}.</span>
<li>When both the base and cap membranes are self-adhered, the cap membrane must be installed on a clean, dry base and both must be completed together on the same workday, according to the manufacturer’s published instructions; phased installation of membranes is not permissible.
<li>{{hilite | When either or both membranes are self-adhered and the designed slope of the roof|| 2020-July-3 }}
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | exceeds 1:6 (2” in 12”) but is no greater than 1:3 (4” in 12”), membrane laps must conform to the general requirements published elsewhere in this Part, but the head-lap of a full or partial membrane run, installed parallel to the slope, must be secured with at least three (3) screw fasteners and plates equally spaced across its width|| 2020-July-3 }}.
<li>{{hilite | exceeds 1:3 (4” in 12”), membrane laps must conform to the general requirements published elsewhere in this Part, but
<ol>
<li>the head-lap of a full or partial membrane run, installed parallel to the slope, must be secured with at least three (3) screw fasteners and plates equally spaced across its width, and
<li>the side laps must be mechanically fastened with screws and plates spaced no more than 609.6 mm (24”) O.C.|| 2020-July-3 }}</li></ol>
</li></ol>
<li>To ensure even, full contact with the substrate, all self-adhered and cold adhesive-applied field membranes must be fully rolled with a roller weighing at least 34.2 Kg (75 lbs).
<li>{{hilite | When self-adhesive membranes are|| 2022-June-17 }}
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | installed at ambient air temperatures below 10° C, the granules must be embedded prior to air-welding the end laps of the cap membrane|| 2022-June-17 }},
<li>{{hilite | installed at ambient air temperatures above 10° C, embedment of granules, as described above, is optional before the end laps of the cap membrane are air-welded|| 2022-June-17 }},
<li>{{hilite | applied to a base membrane coated on the top face with a polyethylene film, the film must be defeated (burned away) before the cap membrane may be installed|| 2022-June-17 }}, and
<li>{{hilite | welded at the seams with a hot-air welder, the seams must be fully welded to ensure a uniform bond between plies|| 2022-June-17 }}.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====9.3.3.2. Mechanically Attached Membranes====

<ol>
<li>Whenever possible, mechanically fastened membranes must be oriented perpendicular to steel ''deck'' flutes, to distribute fasteners across the ''deck''.
<li>Membranes must be secured with fasteners and stress plates that are 
<ol>
<li>specifically designed for the application of the specified and installed membrane, or
<li>listed in the ''Tested Assembly'' report as an acceptable alternative (substitutions, without the written consent of the primary membrane manufacturer, are not permitted and may void the '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''').
</li></ol>
<li>Unless otherwise listed in the assembly components of a ''Tested Assembly'', membranes shall be fastened with self-drilling purpose-made #14 screws having a deep-recessed head.
<li>Single-ply modified bituminous membranes 
<ol>
<li>must comply with the requirements listed in Table 9.1 (ref. [[#9.2.1.1. Membrane Composition, Thickness, and Selection | Article 9.2.1.1.]]), and
<li>require a minimum slope 1:16 (3/4" in 12").
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====9.3.3.3. Hot Asphalt-adhered Membranes====

<ol>
<li>All concrete decks to receive adhered membranes shall be primed {{hilite | with the ''manufacturer’s'' asphaltic primer|| 2020-July-3 }}.
<li>Membranes must be installed with Type 3 or 4 oxidized asphalt or Type 3 or 4 SEBS modified asphalt.
<li>Hot asphalt
<ol>
<li>must be at least 205°C (400°F) in order to fuse with the membrane,
<li>must be applied at the rates published by the asphalt manufacturer for the particular substrate, and
<li><span class="principles">should be mopped no more than 1 m (3') ahead of the roll</span>.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====9.3.3.4. Torch-applied Membranes====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Torch-applied membranes must be applied to a suitable substrate (primed if required by the ''manufacturer''), {{hilite | but may not be directly torch-applied to an unprotected combustible material, which is strictly prohibited|| 2020-July-3 }}</span>. 
<li>All torch-applied membranes must be fully and evenly bonded to their substrate.
<li>As the roll is installed, the ''Contractor'' must 
<ol>
<li>sufficiently pre-heat the side lap of the preceding roll,
<li>burn off any film used to protect the uninstalled membrane surface, and
<li>ensure sufficient heat melts the bottom layer of bitumen across the full width of the roll, to adequately bond the membrane to the substrate (<span class="reference">A small "wave" or "bead" of melted asphalt in front of the roll usually indicates sufficient heat</span>).
</li></ol>
<li>The applicator must not over-torch or over-heat membranes, as high temperatures can distort the polyester fabric used as reinforcement in many thermofusible torch-applied membranes.
<li>Installed base membranes must be protected from dirt, debris and damage; any damage sustained by the installed base membrane must be adequately repaired by the ''Contractor'' following the procedures recommended by the  ''manufacturer''.
<li>Membrane end lap corners must be cut on a bias (clipped or trimmed on an angle) prior to forming end laps.
<li><span class="recommended">Cap membranes should be installed as soon as possible after base membrane installation</span>.
<li>Granules must be embedded in the cap membrane prior to forming end laps.
</li></ol>

====9.3.3.5. Liquid Membranes====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Liquid membrane systems are permissible as a second layer in a multi-ply SBS-modified bituminous membrane system, provided they are</span>
<ol>
<li>listed in [[Division_C | Division C]],
<li>expressly permitted for use on the ''drainage plane'' ({{hilite |fleece-reinforced, <u>2-component</u> catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) liquid membrane|| 2021-February-7 }}, unless otherwise permitted),
<li>compatible with the base membrane, and
<li>installed to conform to the conditions and limitations stated at the time of acceptance (refer to the specific product page in [[Division_C | Division C]]).
</li></ol>
<li>The base membrane to which the liquid membrane will be applied must be properly prepared, clean, dry, free of contaminants, and suitable to the liquid membrane manufacturer.
<li>Preparation must follow the procedures published by the liquid membrane manufacturer.
<li>Unless the liquid membrane system covers the entire field area, all areas to which liquid membrane system will be applied must be masked, to ensure
<ol>
<li>adequate coverage on all surfaces, and
<li>clean, straight, plumb edges.
</li></ol>
<li>Application rates and guidelines issued by the manufacturer of the liquid membrane system must be followed, unless superseded by these requirements.
<li>For all applications,
<ol>
<li>a base coat of catalyzed liquid membrane resin must be applied within the area masked for coverage,
<li>the base coat must be reinforced with the manufacturer’s fleece, cut to size so that the fleece is set in from the masked area no more than 3.18 mm (1/8”),
<li>the fleece must be fully saturated with the catalyzed liquid membrane, following the published instructions from the manufacturer,
<li>the fleece and the entire masked area must be coated with a second application of catalyzed liquid membrane resin, and
<li>the second coat must be covered with a third (wearing) coat, as specified by the manufacturer.
</li></ol>
<li>When a granule surface or textured finish is specified, the granules or texturing material must be broadcast into a third coat.
<li>When applied to the roof field around a penetration, fleece-reinforced liquid membrane must be extended up the adjacent vertical surfaces by at least 203.2 mm (8”) (refer to [[#Part 12 - Penetrations and Curbs | Part 12]] for specific penetration flashing requirements).
</li></ol>

====<span style="background:#D8BFD8">9.3.3.6. Membranes Laminated to Insulation Overlays</span>====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Mechanical fasteners and plates used to secure membrane-laminated insulation overlays must be covered with a membrane patch</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">cut from membrane matching the characteristics and properties of the laminated membrane, and</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">large enough to extend past the edge of the plate, in all directions, at least 50.8 mm (2").</span>
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">All membrane patches must be rolled to eliminate bubbles and fishmouths, and must be "buttered" at the edges.</span>
</li></ol>

===9.3.4. Conventionally Insulated Systems===
(The requirements in [[#9.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 9.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)

====<span style="background:#D8BFD8">9.3.4.1. Membrane Application Methods</span>====

<ol>
<li>SBS-modified bitumen membranes installed as part of a conventionally insulated ''roof systems'' shall be
<ol>
<li>self-adhered and cold adhesive-applied ([[#9.3.3.1. Self-adhered and Cold-processed Membranes | Article 9.3.3.1.]]),
<li>mechanically attached ([[#9.3.3.2. Mechanically Attached Membranes | Article 9.3.3.2.]]),
<li>hot bitumen-adhered ([[#9.3.3.3. Hot Asphalt-adhered Membranes | Article 9.3.3.3.]]), or
<li>torch-applied ([[#9.3.3.4. Torch-applied Membranes | Article 9.3.3.4.]]).
</li></ol>
<li>Membrane securement shall conform to the design requirements for resistance of ''Specified Wind Loads''.
</li></ol>

====9.3.4.2. Warning Zones====

<ol>
<li>All warning zone membranes must be oriented parallel to the primary field runs.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">When warning zone membranes are specified to be part of the primary roof membrane, end laps must be staggered with the field membrane runs by locating them under the contrasting membrane, to create a clean edge.</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">When a sacrificial third ply, installed over the primary cap membrane, is specified for a warning zone on the roof, the primary cap membrane must be prepared according to the ''manufacturer's'' published requirements, and the sacrificial warning zone membranes applied according to the ''manufacturer's'' published installation requirements.</span>
<li>part of the primary roof membrane, end laps must be staggered with the field membrane runs by locating them under the contrasting membrane, to create a clean edge.</span>
</li></ol>

===9.3.5. Uninsulated Systems===
(The requirements in [[#9.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 9.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)

====<span style="background:#D8BFD8">9.3.5.1. Membrane Application Methods</span>====

<ol>
<li>SBS-modified bitumen membranes installed as part of an uninsulated ''roof system'' shall be
<ol>
<li>self-adhered and cold adhesive-applied ([[#9.3.3.1. Self-adhered and Cold-processed Membranes | Article 9.3.3.1.]]),
<li>mechanically attached ([[#9.3.3.2. Mechanically Attached Membranes | Article 9.3.3.2.]]),
<li>hot asphalt-adhered ([[#9.3.3.3. Hot Asphalt-adhered Membranes | Article 9.3.3.3.]]), or
<li>torch-applied ([[#9.3.3.4. Torch-applied Membranes | Article 9.3.3.4.]]).
</li></ol>
<li>Membrane securement shall conform to the design requirements for resistance of ''Specified Wind Loads''.
</li></ol>

====9.3.5.2. Membranes Installed on Concrete====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Concrete decks shall be prepared as required in [[#9.3.2.1. Preparation of Substrate | Article 9.3.2.1.]], the application of the primary membrane shall conform to the general requirements in Article 9.3.2.3. and the base membrane shall be vented (semi-adhered), to mitigate the effects of vapour drive from the concrete.</span>
</li></ol>

====<span style="background:#FFFACD">9.3.5.3. Membranes Installed on Wood Decks</span>====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Wood decks shall conform to the requirements for wood decks in [[#2.1.5. Roof Decks | Subsection 2.1.5.]], shall be prepared as required in [[#9.3.2.1. Preparation of Substrate | Article 9.3.2.1.]], and application of the primary membrane shall conform to the general requirements in [[#9.3.2.3. General Requirements for Membrane Application | Article 9.3.2.3.]]</span>
<li>SBS-modified bituminous membranes shall not be fully adhered directly to a supporting wood ''deck'' structure, and instead shall be
<ol>
<li>installed on a RoofStar-accepted ''deck overlay'' board, or
<li>semi-adhered ("vented").
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====9.3.5.4. Single-ply SBS-modified Bituminous Membranes====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite |Single-ply membranes manufactured with SBS-modified bitumen shall be installed on slopes 1:16 (3/4” in 12”) or greater.|| 2020-February-15 }}</span>
</li></ol>

====9.3.5.5. Warning Zones====

<ol>
<li>When warning zones are specified as part of the primary roof membrane, they must follow the requirements in [[#9.3.4.2. Warning Zones | Article 9.3.4.2.]]
</li></ol>

====9.3.5.6. Reserved====

===9.3.6. Protected Roof Systems===
(The requirements in [[#9.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 9.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)

====9.3.6.1. Membrane Application Methods====

<ol>
<li>SBS-modified bitumen membranes installed as part of an ''protected roof system'' shall be
<ol>
<li>self-adhered and cold adhesive-applied ([[#9.3.3.1. Self-adhered and Cold-processed Membranes | Article 9.3.3.1.]]),
<li>hot asphalt-adhered ([[#9.3.3.3. Hot Asphalt-adhered Membranes | Article 9.3.3.3.]]), or
<li>torch-applied ([[#9.3.3.4. Torch-applied Membranes | Article 9.3.3.4.]]).
</li></ol>
<li>Membranes, membrane flashing, and insulation must be installed in keeping with the requirements found elsewhere in this Standard.
<li>No UV-sensitive membrane may be left exposed to UV radiation and must be fully protected by a granulated cap membrane, metal flashing or ''overburden''.
<li>The second ply in a ''protected roof system'' may be a base sheet membrane that is acceptable to the ''manufacturer'' for that application, and must meet the membrane puncture resistance and thickness requirements in [[#9.2.1.1. Membrane Composition, Thickness, and Selection | Article 9.2.1.1., "Composition, Thickness and Selection"]].
</ol></li>

====9.3.6.2. Membrane Protection====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Installed membranes must be protected from damage as soon as possible after integrity testing.</span>
</ol></li>

====9.3.6.3. Procurement and Installation of Other Materials====

<ol>
<li>All components, including the gravel or paver ballast, must be supplied and installed by the ''Contractor''.
<li>Where a ''Vegetated Roof System'' (VRS) is used as ballast, the ''VRS'' may be installed by others but 
<ol>
<li>the work must be coordinated with the ''Contractor'', and
<li>the VRS must be installed immediately upon completion of the ''Contractor’s'' work, to ensure the ''roof system'' is held in place (See also [[#14.1.3.12. Vegetated Roof Systems | Article 14.1.3.12.]]).
</ol></li>
</ol></li>

<hr>

<div id=PART_10></div>

=Part 10 - Perimeters and Walls=
==Section 10.1. Design==
===10.1.1. General===
====10.1.1.1. Scope====

<ol>
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
</li></ol>

====10.1.1.2. Definitions====

<ol>
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].
</li></ol>

===10.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====10.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====10.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee'''''.
</li></ol>

===10.1.3. All Systems===
====10.1.3.1. General Requirements====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">The ''Design Authority'' is responsible to specify {{hilite | the connections between the ''roof system'' and ''walls'' or other building components, particularly where the continuity of air, vapour and water-resistive layers is critical or required by Code (See [[#Part 6 - Air and Vapour Controls | Part 6, "Air and Vapour Controls"]]|| 2021-October-30 }}).</span>
<li>''Projects'' must follow proper sequencing; materials must positively integrate (“shingle fashion”) with other materials, ''systems'', or ''assemblies'', including those installed by other trades. 
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8"> Wall surfaces must be suitable to receive roof materials, or they must be covered with an accepted overlay panel material listed in [[Division_C | Division C]].</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Where the roof deck and an adjoining wall are constructed of dissimilar materials (i.e., steel deck joined to concrete wall), differing expansion and contraction rates for the two materials may adversely affect the roof system and, in particular, the field and flashing membranes, and therefore it is incumbent upon the ''Design Authority'' to consult the ''manufacturer's'' literature and specify the correct materials for each particular roof-wall intersection (See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-10.1.3.1. | Note A-10.1.3.1. ]]).</span>
<li>{{hilite | When EIFS cladding is cut to permit roofing work, the exposed insulation must be restored with back-wrapped mesh, a base coat and finish coat, or with another method that is equal or superior|| 2022-October-22 }} (See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-10.1.2.2| Note A-10.1.2.2]]).
</li></ol>

====10.1.3.2. Membrane Flashing====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"> All changes in plane in the ''roof system'', and all intersections between the roof field and roof edges, ''walls'', or ''parapets'', must be flashed with sheet membrane, or with an reinforced liquid membrane flashing system that is acceptable to the '''''Guarantor''''', acceptable to the ''manufacturer'', and permitted by this Standard.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Sheet membrane flashing must be self-adhered, adhered with adhesives, hot asphalt (bitumen), or with torch-applied heat, and shall conform to the requirements in [[#10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls | Article 10.3.2.3.]]</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">''Linear metal flashing'', or a RoofStar-accepted, fleece-reinforced 2-component polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) liquid membrane flashing, is required at all roof edges, upper membrane terminations, curb tops, and at the tops of parapets, to protect sheet membrane flashing from damage.</span>
<li>{{hilite | All ''linear metal flashing'' used for the termination of sheet membrane flashing plies shall be installed in keeping with [[#13.1.3.3. Securement | Article 13.1.3.3., "Securement"]]|| 2021-October-30 }}.
<li>Sheet membrane flashing must be protected from damage caused by foot traffic or shifting coverings, using base metal flashing or other methods acceptable to the '''''Guarantor'''''.
<li>Where a roof allows water to freely drain off the edge, and the roof adjoins a ''wall'', a cricket or diverter should be installed at the roof edge to prevent water intrusion behind wall finishes.
</li></ol>

==={{hilite | 10.1.4. Perimeter Details, High Walls, and Openings|| 2021-October-30 }}===
(The requirements in [[#10.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 10.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)

====10.1.4.1. Parapets====

<ol>
<li>On roofs where ''overburden'' or ballast extends to the roof edge, ''parapets'' must be designed to retain the material against wind scouring, but in any event, they shall be no less than 203.2 mm (8”) in height when measured from the top of the ''finished roof system surface''.
<li>''Parapets'' are optional, but when a parapet is specified it must be no less than 127 mm (5") in height, measured from the ''finished roof system surface'' to the inside top edge of the ''parapet'' (this height requirement facilitates proper metal cap flashing securement) (Ref. [[#10.3.4.1. Parapets | Article 10.3.4.1.]]; also see [[#13.3.2.3. Cap Flashing, Counter-flashing, and Reglet Flashing | Article 13.3.2.3., "Cap Flashing, Counter-flashing, and Reglet Flashing"]]).
<li><span class="principles">''Parapets'' with cavities should be designed with consideration for ventilation.</span>
</li></ol>

====10.1.4.2. Low Profile Edges====

<ol>
<li>A metal-edge termination detail may be used on a ''conventionally insulated'' or ''uninsulated roof system'' but must be fully blocked to support the metal and membrane edges.
<li>Canted edges are not required or recommended and may be retained on existing roofs, but
<ol>
<li>this shall be at the discretion of  the ''Design Authority'', and
<li>the canted substrates must be wood.
</li></ol>
<li>When, for aesthetic reasons, face-fastened metal flashing covering a canted edge is not desirable, cants may be replaced with
<ol>
<li>a metal edge roof termination, or
<li>a ''parapet'', designed and constructed in keeping with the minimum requirements in [[#10.1.4.1. Parapets | Article 10.1.4.1.]] and [[#10.3.4.1. Parapets | Article 10.3.4.1.]]
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====10.1.4.3. High Walls====

<ol>
<li>When a ''roof system'' transitions to a ''wall'' greater than 609.6 mm (24") in height (a "High Wall"), and the ''wall'' is specified as part of the ''Contractor’s'' scope of work, 
<ol>
<li>membranes or water-resistive barrier materials specified for ''walls'' must be compatible with the roof membrane, and
<li>additional mechanical securement shall conform to the requirements in this Part, or to the requirements of the ''manufacturer'', whichever is greater.
</li></ol>
<li>All roof intersections with ''walls'' shall conform to the requirements in [[#10.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 10.1.3., "All Systems"]], and shall maintain continuity with the wall control layers for air, vapour, and water.
<li><span class="principles">''Walls'' with cavities should be designed with consideration for ventilation</span>.
</li></ol>

====10.1.4.4. Reserved====
====<span style="background:#FFFACD">10.1.4.5. Doors, Windows, and Wall Openings</span>====
(Ref. Construction Detail [[SBS 10.3.7.1 Low Door Opening | SBS 10.3.7.1., "Low Door Opening"]])

<ol>
<li><span class="principles">Rough openings formed or framed in walls to accommodate doors, windows, curtain-wall assemblies, or other penetrations (i.e., ventilation grilles), should be oversized to allow for the build-up of ''roof system'' flashing membrane</span>.
<li>Low-clearance openings (rough openings less than 203.2 mm (8") in height, measured from the ''finished roof system surface'') <span class="recommended">are not recommended because of their propensity to leak</span>, but when a low-clearance opening is unavoidable or specified (i.e., to comply with Code for level access and egress), 
<ol>
<li>the roof must be sloped away from the opening, 
<li>the rough opening shall not be less than 101.6 mm (4") above the ''drainage plane'' and must be waterproofed in keeping with the requirements in [[#10.3.4.5. Doors, Windows, and Wall Openings | Article 10.3.4.5.]], 
<li>the ''drainage plane'' must be free of obstructions and materials capable of displacing water, 
<li><span class="recommended">the low-clearance opening should be protected by an overhang wherever practical, to minimize water intrusion that occurs from wind-driven rain or from snow accumulation</span>, and
<li>the opening must be protected by an ''overflow drain'',
<ol>
<li>situated on the same roof area as the low-clearance opening,
<li>located at least 25.4 mm (1") below the elevation of the rough opening, and 
<li>capable of flow rates equivalent to or greater than those of the ''primary roof drains'' for the roof areas adjacent to the low-clearance opening.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
<li>When the building interior transitions to a patio or occupied roof surface through a flush door opening, the design shall conform to the requirements in this Part, and to [[#14.1.3.11. Wearing Surfaces | Article 14.1.3.11.]]
</li></ol>

===10.1.5. Reserved===
==={{hilite | 10.1.6. Expansion and Control Joints|| 2021-October-30 }}===
(The requirements in [[#10.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 10.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)

====10.1.6.1. Expansion Joints====
(See also [[#2.1.6.1. Expansion Joints | Article 2.1.6.1.]], and the application requirements in [[#10.3.6.1. Expansion Joints | Article 10.3.6.1.]])

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Expansion joints must be designed as a divided, raised structure, to achieve a minimum height of 203.2 mm (8"), measured from the ''finished roof system surface''</span>.
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">The expansion joint assembly, which permits movement between the two sides of the expansion joint structure, shall be the work of others unless specified as part of the ''Contractor's'' scope of work (ref. [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=SBS_10.3.6.1_Expansion_Joint Construction Detail 10.3.6.1., "Expansion Joint"]).</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Proprietary elastomeric ''expansion joint'' systems, provided by others and manufactured with an EPDM-based core and flanges that can be fully bonded to the primary membrane, are not covered by a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' (unless expressly accepted by the '''''Guarantor''''' and listed in [[Division_C | Division C]]) but may be incorporated as part of the roof system provided the elastomeric ''expansion joint'' system is</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">specified for installation on a divided, raised structure,</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">specified for installation at least 203.2 mm (8") above the <span style="background:#FFFACD">''finished roof system surface'',</span>
<li>compatible with the roof membrane and acceptable to the ''manufacturer'',
<li>designed and manufactured to accommodate building movements of at least 500% elongation at -40°C (-40°F) across its length and at all vulcanized points,
<li>factory-fabricated by means of vulcanization,
<li>manufactured as one piece, complete with all joints, details, and connections, and
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">completely protected from damage with sloped ''linear metal flashing''.</span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====10.1.6.2. Control Joints (Roof Dividers)====
(See [[Notes to Model SBS Standard (2022)#A-2.1.6.2. | Note A-2.1.6.2.]]; also see [[#10.3.6.2. Control Joints (Roof Dividers) | Article 10.3.6.2.]])

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="principles">The use of ''control joints'' (roof dividers) should be evaluated using the criteria in [[#2.1.6.2. Control Joints (Roof Dividers) | Article 2.1.6.2.]]</span></span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="principles">Specified and detailed ''control joints'' should be located at the high points of the roof, so that water drains away from both sides of the divider and is not impeded by it</span>.</span>
<li>''Control joints'' must be
<ol>
<li>constructed as a raised divider,
<li>sloped on the top face,
<li>fabricated with a minimum height of 203.2 mm (8"), measured from the ''finished roof system surface'', and 
<li>waterproofed in keeping the requirements in [[#10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls | Article 10.3.2.3.]], together with the ''manufacturer’s'' published specifications for the detail.
</li></ol>
<li>New and existing ''control joints'' may be no less than 127 mm (5"), provided the control joint is fully enveloped in sheet membrane flashing.
</li></ol>

==={{hilite | 10.1.7. Intersections with Other Roof Systems|| 2021-October-30 }}===
(The requirements in [[#10.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 10.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)

====10.1.7.1. Intersections with Water-shedding Roofs====

<ol>
<li>Intersections with water-shedding roofs must be designed according to the requirements in [[#10.3.7.2. Intersections with Water-Shedding Roofs | Article 10.3.7.2.]]
</li></ol>

====10.1.7.2. Intersections with Membrane Gutters====

<ol>
<li>Refer to [[#11.1.4.3. Membrane Gutters | Article 11.1.4.3.]]
</li></ol>

===10.1.8. Alternative Approaches for Membrane Flashing===
(The requirements in [[#10.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 10.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)

====10.1.8.1. Specifying Hazard-reduction Strategies====

<ol>
<li><span class="principles">The ''Design Authority'' should consider alternatives to heat-applied materials when the application process involves Hot Work</span> (Ref. [[#1.1.3.5. Hot Works | Article 1.1.3.5.]]) <span class="principles">and the substrate to which they will be applied is combustible, or when nearby structures, openings, or materials, present a fire hazard; in the alternative, choose a suitable separation or overlay material as protection from open flame</span>.
<li>Self-adhering or adhesive-applied membranes as alternatives to heat-applied membranes are acceptable to the '''''Guarantor''''' and must also be acceptable to the ''manufacturer''.
<li>The application of materials to a combustible surface, using a torch, is strictly prohibited (Refer to [[#10.3.8. Alternative Approaches to Sheet Membrane Flashing | Sub-section 10.3.8., "Alternative Approaches to Sheet Membrane Flashing"]], for application requirements).
</li></ol>

==Section 10.2. Materials==
(See [[Division_C | Division C, "Accepted Materials"]])

===10.2.1. Material Properties===
====10.2.1.1. Flashing Membranes====

<ol>
<li>Sheet membranes used to flash parapets, curbs, walls, or joints must conform to the membrane requirements found in [[#9.2.1.1. Membrane Composition, Thickness, and Selection | Article 9.2.1.1.]]
<li>Sheet membranes used to waterproof "High Walls" (Ref. [[#10.1.4.3. High Walls | Article 10.1.4.3.]] and [[#10.3.4.3. High Walls | Article 10.3.4.3.]])
<ol>
<li>must be compatible with the primary membrane,
<li>must be self-adhering,
<li>shall be declared suitable by the ''manufacturer'',
<li>shall possess properties consistent with the design and characteristics of the ''wall'' assembly,
<li>must possess a high softening point and a minimum flow temperature of 87.7°C (190°F) (ASTM D5147, "Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Modified Bituminous Sheet Material") and
<li>shall have a thickness no less than 1 mm (.040”).
</li></ol>
<li><span class="principles">Some membranes may be susceptible to damage from bird droppings, pet urine, and chemical contamination (oils, solvents, or any discharge from a mechanical unit), and therefore they should be protected; design protection measures in consultation with the ''manufacturer''</span>.
<li>{{hilite |Fleece-reinforced liquid membrane flashing systems must be accepted by the '''''Guarantor''''' and proprietary to, or accepted by, the ''manufacturer''.|| 2021-October-30 }}.
</li></ol>

====10.2.1.2. Linear Metal Flashing====

<ol>
<li>{{hilite | ''Linear metal flashing'' incorporated into roof perimeters and walls must conform to the materials and fabrication requirements in [[#Part 13 - Linear Metal Flashing | Part 13, "Linear Metal Flashing"]]|| 2020-July-3 }}.
</li></ol>

====10.2.1.3. Reserved====
====<span style="background:#D8BFD8">10.2.1.4. Sealants</span>====

<ol>
<li>Sealants applied to ''linear metal flashing'', where sheet membrane flashing is terminated, shall conform to the requirements in [[#13.2.1.4. Sealants | Article 13.2.1.4.]]
</li></ol>

===10.2.2. Securement Materials===
====10.2.2.1. Fasteners====

<ol>
<li>{{hilite |Where fasteners are used in the roof system|| 2020-July-3 }}
<ol>
<li>to secure waterproofing materials, they shall conform to the requirements in [[#3.2.2.1. Fasteners | Article 3.2.2.1.]]
<li>to secure linear metal flashings, they shall conform to the requirements in [[#13.2.1.4. Sealants | Article 13.2.1.4.]]
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

==Section 10.3. Application==
===10.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====10.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====10.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee'''''.
</li></ol>

===10.3.2. All Systems===
====10.3.2.1. Substrate Preparation====

<ol>
<li>All wall surfaces to which roofing materials must be installed (including Concrete Masonry Unit (CMU)) shall be
<ol>
<li>prepared in like manner to the ''roof deck'' (Ref. [[#9.3.2.1. Preparation of Substrate | Article 9.3.2.1.]]) and declared suitable by the ''manufacturer'', or
<li>covered with a RoofStar-accepted overlay panel conforming to the material requirements in [[#5.2.1.3. Overlays for Walls | Article 5.2.1.3.]] and installed to conform to [[#5.3.2.5. Support, Arrangement, and Securement of Wall Overlays | Article 5.3.2.5.]]
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====10.3.2.2. Material Preparation====

<ol>
<li>Membrane flashing shall be prepared following the ''manufacturer's'' published requirements.
</li></ol>

====10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls====

<ol>
<li>All changes in plane in the ''roof assembly'' must be waterproofed with a material acceptable to the '''''Guarantor'''''.
<li>''Projects'' must follow proper sequencing so that materials, ''systems'', or ''assemblies'', installed by the ''Contractor'' correctly interface with materials, ''systems'', or ''assemblies'' installed by other trades, to establish or preserve continuity and ensure positive waterproofing connections (overlapping, “shingle fashion”). 
<li>When coordination with other trades requires some adaptation to the requirements in this Standard, any variance to proper detail sequencing must be approved in writing by the ''Design Authority''.
<li>Membrane flashing shall be carried up vertical surfaces at least 203.2 mm (8") above the ''finished roof system surface'', but shall be carried vertically at least 304.8 mm (12") when air, vapour, or water control systems in ''wall assemblies'' are present or specified, to permit sufficient positive continuity.
<li>{{hilite | All sheet membrane flashing must be installed to conform to the ''manufacturer's'' published instructions, and must|| 2021-October-30 }} 
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | be fully bonded to an acceptable substrate,|| 2021-October-30 }} 
<li>be installed from the low point of the roof (for positive laps toward the drain),
<li>offset field membrane runs by at least 304.8 mm (12"),
<li>{{hilite | provide at least 204.8 mm (8") of two-ply coverage on a vertical surface, immediately above the|| 2021-October-30 }} <span style="background:#FFFACD">''finished roof system surface'',</span>
<li>{{hilite | be installed without fish-mouths or wrinkles|| 2021-October-30 }},
<li>{{hilite | be hand-rolled with a ''manufacturer’s'' accepted roller and fully bonded to an acceptable, prepared substrate|| 2021-October-30 }},
<li>be reinforced at all inside and outside corners with membrane gussets, measuring at least 101.6 mm x 152.4 mm (4” x 6”), excluding the tapered ends,
<li>wrap onto the outside face of the parapet or roof edge, and extend downward to overlap any cold joint by at least 50.8 mm (2”), 
<li>overlap any wall membranes or finishes by at least 50.8 mm (2”), and 
<li>underlap any wall membranes or finishes by at least 76.2 mm (3").
</li></ol>
<li>{{hilite | Base sheet membrane flashing plies shall|| 2021-October-30 }} 
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | extend onto the field by at least 101.6 mm (4") or extend at least 101.6 mm (4") past perimeter mechanical fastener plates installed on the field|| 2021-October-30 }},
<li>{{hilite | be fully bonded at the seams, along all exposed edges|| 2021-October-23 }},
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">be carried up vertical surfaces at least 204.8 mm (8") above the ''finished roof system surface'', but shall be carried vertically at least 304.8 mm (12") when air, vapour, or water control systems in ''wall assemblies'' are present or specified, to permit sufficient positive continuity, </span> and
<li>{{hilite | be finished and “buttered”, with a torch or hot-air welder before the end of the working day|| 2021-October-30 }}.
</li></ol>
<li>{{hilite | Cap sheet membrane flashing plies must|| 2021-October-30 }} 
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | extend onto the field at least 152.4 mm (6"), or at least 50.8 mm (2”) past the edge of the base membrane flashing|| 2021-October-30 }},
<li>{{hilite | be fully bonded at the seams, along all exposed edges|| 2021-October-30 }}, and
<li>{{hilite | exhibit continuous visible bitumen bleed-out along seam edges, to a maximum of 6.35 mm (1/4”), accomplished with a torch or hot-air welder|| 2021-October-30 }}.
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">When sheet membrane flashing is carried up a vertical surface more than 606.9 mm (24"), and the membrane will be left exposed to the weather, the membrane {{hilite | shall be mechanically secured to the roof-side face of the ''wall'' at a reasonable interval between the roof field and the upper termination of the membrane.|| 2021-October-22 }}</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | Low-clearance openings in walls (rough openings less than 203.2 mm (8") in height, measured from the ''finished roof system surface'') are permissible provided they conform to the requirements in [[#10.3.4.5. Doors, Windows, and Wall Openings | Article 10.3.4.5.]])|| 2021-October-30 }}</span>.
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">The upper termination of sheet membrane installed on the vertical plane must be protected from damage, and from water intrusion,</span> 
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">with linear metal flashing installed in keeping with [[#13.3.2.1. General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing | Article 13.3.2.1., "General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing"]], or</span> 
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">with a wall finish installed by others.</span>
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite |When sheet membrane flashing is terminated on a vertical surface, it must be secured at its upper termination using|| 2021-October-30 }}</span>
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | '''Option 1''' (Figure 10.3.2.-A), in which the upper edges of fully adhered sheet membrane flashing plies shall be protected and secured with overlapping adhered or self-adhered ''wall'' membranes and exterior sheathing|| 2021-October-30 }},
<li>'''Option 2''' (Figure 10.3.2.-B), where the upper edges of fully adhered sheet membrane flashing plies must be {{hilite |sealed, and mechanically secured to the wall substrate, with a RoofStar-accepted reinforced <u>2-component</u> catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) liquid membrane flashing (Ref. [[#10.3.3.4. Liquid Membrane Flashing | Article 10.3.3.4., "Liquid Membrane Flashing"]])|| 2021-October-30 }},
<li>{{hilite | '''Option 3''' (Figure 10.3.2.-C), where|| 2021-October-30 }}
<ol>
<li>the upper edges of fully adhered sheet membrane flashing plies shall be mechanically secured to the wall with a termination bar,
<li>an acceptable sealant shall be applied along the upper edge of the termination bar,
<li>the sealed termination bar shall be covered with a secondary linear metal counter-flashing installed in a cut reglet (groove), and
<li>an acceptable sealant shall be applied along the upper edge of the cut reglet flashing,
</li></ol>
<li>{{hilite | '''Option 4''' (Figure 10.3.2.-D), in which|| 2021-October-30 }}
<ol>
<li>the upper edges of fully adhered sheet membrane flashing plies must be mechanically secure the membrane to the wall with a termination bar or metal flashing,
<li>an acceptable sealant shall be applied along the upper edge of the termination bar or metal flashing,
<li>the sealed termination bar or flashing shall be covered with a secondary "surface reglet" flashing secured against the surface of the wall, and
<li>an acceptable sealant shall be applied along the upper receiving edge of the "surface reglet", or
</li></ol>
<li>{{hilite | '''Option 5''' (Figure 10.3.2.-E), in which || 2021-October-30 }}
<ol>
<li>the upper edges of fully adhered sheet membrane flashing plies shall be mechanically secured to the wall with a linear metal counter-flashing ("surface reglet"),
<li>an acceptable sealant shall be applied along the upper edge of the counter-flashing,
<li>the sealed counter-flashing shall be covered with a secondary "surface reglet" flashing secured against the surface of the wall, and
<li>an acceptable sealant shall be applied along the upper receiving edge of the "surface reglet".
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
When sheet membrane turned up the vertical plane is mechanically secured with a termination bar or a metal flashing, fasteners must be spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12”) O.C.
<li>When a second metal flashing is installed to protect a termination bar or flashing used to secure the sheet membrane flashing, it may be fastened no more than 609.6 mm (24”) O.C., provided the ''linear metal flashing'' maintains continuous contact with the substrate.
<li>When closer fastener spacing is required by the ''manufacturer'', the wall must be constructed or modified to facilitate solid fastener securement.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Where a roof allows water to freely drain off the edge, and the roof adjoins a ''wall'', a cricket or diverter should be installed at the roof edge to prevent water intrusion behind ''wall'' finishes.</span>
<li>{{hilite | EIFS walls that must be cut to permit membrane replacement work must be restored with back-wrapped mesh, a base coat, and a finish coat, or with another method that is equal or superior|| 2022-October-22 }}.
</li></ol>

<div class="col-md-12">
<div class="col-md-2">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ <small>Figure 10.3.2.-A (Click to expand)</small>
|-
| [[File:Figure 10.3.1a.jpg |class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/4/4a/Figure_10.3.1a.jpg | 250 px | 10.3.1a]]
|}
</div>
<div class="col-md-2">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ <small>Figure 10.3.2.-B (Click to expand)</small>
|-
| [[File:Figure 10.3.1b.jpg | class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/3/3c/Figure_10.3.1b.jpg | 250 px | 10.3.1b]]
|}
</div>
<div class="col-md-2">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ <small>Figure 10.3.2.-C (Click to expand)</small>
|-
| [[File:Figure 10.3.1c.jpg | class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/9/93/Figure_10.3.1c.jpg | 250 px | 10.3.1c]]
|}
</div>
<div class="col-md-2">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ <small>Figure 10.3.2.-D (Click to expand)</small>
|-
| [[File:Figure 10.3.1d.jpg | class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/6/6a/Figure_10.3.1d.jpg | 250 px | 10.3.1d]]
|}
</div>
<div class="col-md-2">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ <small>Figure 10.3.2.-E (Click to expand)</small>
|-
| [[File:Figure 10.3.1e.jpg | class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/b/b1/Figure_10.3.1e.jpg | 250 px | 10.3.1e]]
|}
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-12">
<br>
</div>

====10.3.2.4. Protection of Membranes====

<ol>
<li>{{hilite | All installed membranes must be protected from splashed or dripped primer (applicable to all trades)|| 2021-October-30 }}.
<li>Membrane flashing must be protected from damage caused by UV radiation, foot traffic, or shifting coverings, using a ''linear metal flashing'' (i.e., base flashing) or other methods acceptable to the '''''Guarantor'''''.
<li>Protection materials shall be installed as required in [[#9.3.2.7. Protection of Membranes | Article 9.3.2.7.]]
<li>When an integrity scan is not required because the conditions in [[#1.1.3.3. Membrane Integrity Testing | Article 1.1.3.3.]] have been satisfied, the ''Contractor'' shall nevertheless protect installed field membranes and membrane flashing, immediately after installation, with RoofStar-accepted membrane protection materials.
</li></ol>

===10.3.3. Additional Requirements for Membrane Flashing===
(The requirements in [[#10.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 10.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)

====10.3.3.1. Torch-applied Membranes====

<ol>
<li>The application of an open flame to combustible surfaces is not permitted.
<li>All combustible surfaces, including (without limitation) decks, ''walls'', blocking, or canted edges, must be protected from open flame by an acceptable separation or overlay material. 
<li>When the base membrane flashing is torch-applied, all overlay board joints and wall transitions must be sealed with the primary membrane manufacturer’s approved self-adhered membrane or tapes, or follow the methodologies in [[#10.3.8. Alternative Approaches to Sheet Membrane Flashing | Sub-section 10.3.8., "Alternative Approaches to Sheet Membrane Flashing"]].
</li></ol>

====10.3.3.2. Self-adhered <span style="background:#FFFACD">and Cold Processed</span> Membranes====

<ol>
<li>Self-adhered membranes must be installed on a clean, uncontaminated surface.
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">All self-adhered and cold processed sheet membrane flashing that terminates on the vertical plane must be mechanically secured.</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">When self-adhered or cold-processed base sheet membrane flashing overlaps granule-surfaced cap sheet membrane flashing, the overlap shall be no less than 76.2 mm (3"), granules on the cap sheet membrane must be embedded to expose bitumen, and the overlap must be continuously sealed to comply with the requirements in [[#9.3.3.1. Self-adhered and Cold-processed Membranes | Article 9.3.3.1.]]</span>
</li></ol>

====10.3.3.3. Adhesive-applied and Hot Asphalt-applied Membranes====

<ol>
<li>Self-adhered membranes must be installed on a clean, uncontaminated surface.
<li>Hot asphalt-applied sheet membrane installed on a vertical plane must conform to the ''manufacturer's'' installation specifications, using the ''manufacturer's'' accepted Type 3 or 4 oxidized asphalt or Type 3 or 4 SEBS modified asphalt.
<li>Asphalt temperature must conform to the membrane manufacturer's minimum application temperature; a minimum application temperature of 205°C (400°F) is required.
<li>When hot asphalt is used to adhere membrane flashing (stripping), metal base flashing is required on all vertical surfaces, ''walls'', ''curbs'', etc.  (also see [[#13.3.2.3. Cap Flashing, Counter-flashing, and Reglet Flashing | Article 13.3.2.3., "Cap Flashing, Counter-flashing, and Reglet Flashing"]])
</li></ol>

====<span style="background:#FFFACD">10.3.3.4. Liquid Membrane Flashing</span>====

<ol>
<li>Two-component fleece-reinforced catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) liquid membrane flashing systems must be accepted by the '''''Guarantor''''' and listed in [[Division_C | Division C]], and 
<ol>
<li>may be used
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | on the ''drainage plane''|| 2021-February-7 }},
<li>where sheet membrane flashing may not be practical or even possible,
<li>{{hilite | to terminate the top edge|| 2021-February-7 }} of sheet membrane flashing,
<li>{{hilite | for sheet membrane reinforcement (i.e., at corners)|| 2021-February-7 }},
<li>{{hilite | where abrasion resistance is desirable|| 2021-February-7 }},
<li>{{hilite | where resistance to sheet membrane contamination is necessary|| 2021-February-7 }}, or
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">where the ''Design Authority'' specifies its application.</span>
</ol></li>
<li>must be compatible with the primary sheet membrane flashing.
</ol></li>
<li>For all applications,
<ol>
<li>the substrate must be clean, dry, free of contaminants, and primed, as directed by the flashing system manufacturer,
<li>a base layer of catalyzed liquid membrane resin must be applied within the area masked for coverage,
<li>the base coating must be reinforced with the manufacturer’s fleece, cut to size so that the fleece is set in from the masked area no more than 3.18 mm (1/8”),
<li>the fleece must be fully saturated with liquid, following the published instructions from the ''manufacturer'', and
<li>the embedded fleece must be coated with a second application of catalyzed liquid membrane resin, covering the masked area.
</ol></li>
<li>On vertical sheet membrane terminations, the liquid membrane flashing system shall provide no less than 50.8 mm (2") coverage, both above and below the sheet membrane termination.
<li>Application rates and guidelines issued by the manufacturer of the liquid flashing product must be followed, unless superseded by these requirements (Ref. Figure 12.3.2.-A).
<li>Where a fleece-reinforced 2-component catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or polyurethane methyl methacrylate (PUMA) liquid membrane flashing system serves as a substitute for sheet membrane flashing, the reinforced liquid membrane flashing system must extend at least 203.2 mm (8”) up the vertical plane, and no less than 203.2 mm (8") onto the horizontal field plane.
<li>When a granule surface or textured finish is specified, the granules or texturing material must be broadcast into a third coat.
</ol></li>

==={{hilite | 10.3.4. Perimeter Details, High Walls, and Openings|| 2021-October-30 }}===
(The requirements in [[#10.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 10.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)

====10.3.4.1. Parapets====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">All parapets, regardless of their height, must be sealed with waterproofing membrane</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">applied to the roof-side face of the parapet, extending from the roof field to a point at least 203.2 mm (8”) above the ''finished roof system surface'',</span> and
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">applied to the sloped top and exterior faces.</span>
</li></ol>
<li>When sheet membrane flashing is used to satisfy the requirements in Sentence (1),
<ol>
<li>no fewer than two plies shall be used to waterproof the bottom 203.2 mm (8") of a ''parapet wall'', immediately above the ''finished roof system surface'',
<li>no fewer than two plies shall be used to completely seal the entire roof-side face of a ''parapet wall'' that measures 609.6 mm (24") or less in height (the second, or cap sheet ply, may be carried up onto the top face of the ''parapet'', but this is subject to the ''manufacturer's'' requirements), and
<li>at least one ply of base sheet membrane flashing shall be used to waterproof the top and exterior face of a ''parapet wall'' and overlap any cold joint, including a joint between the coping and a ''parapet wall'', by at least 50.8 mm (2”).
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">''Tall parapets'' shall be waterproofed in keeping with the requirements for "High Walls" (Ref. [[#10.3.4.3. High Walls | Article 10.3.4.3.]]).</span>
<li>Where a ''parapet'' intersects with a higher wall, water must be directed to the outer surface of the ''wall'' by flashing the union with
<ol>
<li>an acceptable SBS-modified bituminous sheet membrane flashing,
<li>membrane gussets at the corners, and
<li>a metal saddle assembly.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====10.3.4.2. Low Profile Edges====

<ol>
<li>Metal edge flashings must be 
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">supported over a solid substrate,</span>
<li>installed after application of the base field membrane, which {{hilite |must wrap onto the outside face of the roof edge and extend downward to overlap any cold joint by at least 50.8 mm (2”)|| 2021-October-30 }},
<li>embedded in a membrane-compatible mastic or sealant,
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">fastened to the roof structure with mechanical fasteners spaced 203.2 mm (8”) O.C. in offsetting rows, (Ref. [[#13.3.2.1. General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing | Article 13.3.2.1.]]),</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">joined to each other with lap joints measuring at least 101.6 mm (4”), each joint sealed with butyl or gunnable sealant,</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">cleaned and prepared to receive membrane,</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">primed with the ''manufacturer's'' accepted primer, unless specified otherwise by the ''manufacturer'',</span>
<li>sealed to the base membrane, which must extend
<ol>
<li>at least 101.6 mm (4") onto the metal flashing, and at least 50.8 mm (2”) past the fasteners, and
<li>at least 101.6 mm (4”) onto the field membrane, and
</li></ol>
<li>finished with the field cap membrane
<ol>
<li>which must extend to cover the base membrane, and
<li>which must be sealed along the exposed edge with an un-tooled bead of membrane-compatible mastic.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
<li>Existing and new canted edges must be 
<ol>
<li>made of wood, and
<li>flashed with sheet membrane in keeping with the requirements in [[#10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls | Article 10.3.2.3.]]
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====10.3.4.3. High Walls====

<ol>
<li>Roofing sheet membranes installed on a "High Wall" shall conform to the general requirements in [[#10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls | Article 10.3.2.3.]]
<li>Where a self-adhered bituminous sheet membrane is specified for a "High Wall" that in included in the ''Contractor's'' scope of work (Ref. [[#10.1.4.3. High Walls | Article 10.1.4.3.]]), the membrane
<ol>
<li>shall conform to the material requirements in [[#10.2.1.1. Flashing Membranes | Article 10.2.1.1.]],
<li>must be applied with the methodology prescribed by the ''manufacturer'',
<li>shall positively overlap the primary sheet membrane flashing by at least 50.8 mm (2”),
<li>shall underlap the roof sheet membrane flashing installed to cover the top of a parapet by at least 50.8 mm (2"),
<li>shall not be used to cover the top surface of a ''parapet'', and
<li>shall be protected from UV radiation with a metal flashing, cladding or another wall covering.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====10.3.4.4. Fire Separation Walls====

====<span style="background:#FFFACD">10.3.4.5. Doors, Windows, and Wall Openings</span>====
(Ref. [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=SBS_10.3.7.1_Low_Door_Opening Construction Detail SBS 10.3.4.-7, ''Low Door Opening''])

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Rough openings formed or framed in walls to accommodate doors, windows, curtain-wall assemblies, or other penetrations (i.e., ventilation grilles), must be waterproofed before the door, window, curtain-wall, or another assembly is installed.</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">All rough openings must be suitable for the application of sheet membrane flashing or reinforced liquid membrane flashing systems, and any work to render surfaces suitable shall be performed by others.</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Low-clearance openings (rough openings less than 203.2 mm (8") in height, measured from the ''finished roof system surface'') must be flashed using methods described in this Article; curtain-wall openings may be flashed using a modified ''metal water-stop flashing'' method by eliminating the water-stop flashing, provided the remaining required work is executed by the ''Contractor''.</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Membranes used for this application must conform to the material requirements in [[#10.2.1.1. Flashing Membranes | Article 10.2.1.1., "Flashing Membranes"]].</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">In all methods described in this Article, low-clearance openings must be pre-flashed with no less than one ply of base sheet membrane</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">lapped over the field membrane in keeping with requirements found elsewhere in this Part,</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">carried over the top face of the rough opening,</span> and
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">carried vertically above the sill, at least 101.6 mm (4").</span>
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite |When the '''metal water-stop flashing''' method is specified,|| 2022-February-5}}</span>
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | all corners must be reinforced with compatible membrane gussets, and|| 2022-February-5 }}.
<li>{{hilite | the metal water-stop flashing must be|| 2022-February-5}} 
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | fabricated to fit the full width of the opening,|| 2022-February-5}},
<li>{{hilite | fashioned with a water dam upstand measuring at least 25.4 mm (1”) in height|| 2022-February-5}},
<li>installed over the sill membrane,
<li>embedded in a membrane-compatible mastic or sealant,
<li>mechanically attached to the sill, and
<li>{{hilite | sealed to the rough opening with an additional ply of membrane flashing|| 2022-February-5}}.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite |When the '''metal sill-pan flashing method''' is specified, a single-piece metal pan sill flashing must be|| 2022-February-5}}</span>
<ol>
<li>{{hilite |fabricated to fit snugly inside the rough opening,|| 2022-February-5}}
<li>{{hilite |folded, welded, or soldered in the corners, || 2022-February-5}}
<li>{{hilite |fashioned with a water dam upstand measuring at least 25.4 mm (1”) in height,|| 2022-February-5}}
<li>{{hilite |fabricated with 101.6 mm (4”) high flanges that cover the insides of the rough opening and wrap around the outside face of the wall at least 101.6 mm (4”),|| 2022-February-5}}
<li>{{hilite |installed over the pre-flashing membrane and embedded in a membrane-compatible mastic or sealant,|| 2022-February-5}}
<li>{{hilite |mechanically attached to both the outside and inside faces of the rough door opening, and|| 2022-February-5}} 
<li>{{hilite |sealed to the rough opening with an additional ply or coating of membrane flashing.|| 2022-February-5}}
</li></ol>
<li>{{hilite | When clearances preclude the use of either the ''metal water-stop flashing'' method or the ''metal sill-pan flashing'' method, the rough opening may be flashed using the ''reinforced liquid membrane flashing''.|| 2022-February-5}}
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite |When a '''reinforced liquid membrane flashing method''' is specified,|| 2022-February-5}}</span>
<ol>
<li>{{hilite |the rough opening must be flashed using the metal water-stop method,|| 2022-February-5}}
<li>{{hilite |the metal water-stop flashing must be sealed to the pre-flashing base membrane using an accepted liquid membrane flashing system,|| 2022-February-5}}
<li>{{hilite |the inside faces of the rough opening must be flashed with reinforced liquid membrane flashing, ensuring an overlap with the membrane on the sill at least 50.8 mm (2”),|| 2022-February-5}}
<li>liquid membrane flashing must extend up the inside faces of the rough opening at least 101.6 mm (4”), and
<li>{{hilite |the liquid membrane flashing system must be applied following the requirements in [[#10.3.3.4. Liquid Membrane Flashing | Article 10.3.3.4.]]|| 2022-February-5}}
</li></ol>
<li>''Overflow drains''
<ol>
<li>must be installed on the roof area adjacent any rough low-clearance opening,
<li>must be located at least 25.4 mm (1") below a rough low-clearance opening, and
<li>must be capable of flow rates equivalent to or greater than those of the ''primary roof drains'' for the roof areas adjacent to the door opening.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===10.3.5. Reserved===
===10.3.6. Expansion and Control Joints===
(The requirements in [[#10.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 10.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)

====10.3.6.1. Expansion Joints====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">''Expansion joints'', which are constructed by others, must be</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">sloped toward the roof surface on the top face of each side,</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">waterproofed as shown in [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=SBS_10.3.6.1_Expansion_Joint Construction Detail 10.3.6.1., ''Expansion Joint''], with methods and materials conforming to the requirements in [[#9.3.2.3. General Requirements for Membrane Application | Article 9.3.2.3.]], and with the manufacturer’s published specifications for the detail,</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">covered with a membrane underlay, and</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">covered with 2-part ''linear metal flashings'' (counter-flashing and cap flashing) that permit multi-directional movement in the joint.</span>
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">The supply and installation of the expansion joint assembly or system is the responsibility of others, unless specified otherwise.</span>
<li>When proprietary elastomeric ''expansion joint'' systems are specified, the bond between the sheet membrane flashing and the expansion joint system must be acceptable to both the ''manufacturer'' and the supplier of the expansion joint system (Ref. [[#10.1.6.1. Expansion Joints | Article 10.1.6.1.]] for design requirements).
<li>Field splicing of proprietary elastomeric ''expansion joints'' is permissible only when made with a machine acceptable to the ''expansion joint'' manufacturer.
</li></ol>

====<span style="background:#FFFACD">10.3.6.2. Control Joints (Roof Dividers)</span>====

<ol>
<li>''Control joints'' must be waterproofed in keeping the requirements in [[#10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls | Article 10.3.2.3.]], together with the ''manufacturer’s'' published specifications for the detail.
</li></ol>

===10.3.7. Intersections with Other Roof Systems===
(The requirements in [[#10.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 10.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)

====10.3.7.1. Compatibility of Materials====

<ol>
<li>Where two ''roof systems'' intersect, materials must be compatible with each other, or must be separated from contact by an intermediate separation layer.
</li></ol>

====10.3.7.2. Intersections with Water-Shedding Roofs====

<ol>
<li>When a ''waterproofing roof system'' transitions <u>down a slope</u> onto a lower ''water-shedding roof system'', the waterproofing membrane must lap over the ''water-shedding roof system'' by no less than 50.8 mm (2").
<li>When a ''waterproofing roof system'' transitions <u>up a slope</u> and underlaps a ''water-shedding roof system'', 
<ol>
<li>sheet membrane flashing must extend up the ''water-shedding roof system'' slope <u>at least</u>
<ol>
<li>152.4 mm (6”), plus 76.2 mm (3”) for the overlap by the ''water-shedding roof system'', when measured vertically <u>from the maximum water level</u>,
<li>203.2 mm (8”), plus 76.2 mm (3”) for the overlap by the ''water-shedding roof system'', when measured vertically <u>from the ''drainage plane''</u>, and
<li>304.8 mm (12”) plus 76.2 mm (3”) for the overlap by the ''water-shedding roof system'', when measured vertically <u>from the ''drainage plane'' or maximum water level, in regions with typical heavy snow</u>,
</li></ol>
<li>the termination of the ''waterproofing roof system'' sheet membrane flashing on the slope must be mechanically secured, separately from the ''water-shedding roof system'', and
<li>the overlapping of adjoining ''roof system'' materials must conform to the requirements for the specific ''water-shedding roof system''.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====10.3.7.3. Intersections with Membrane Gutters====

<ol>
<li>Refer to the requirements in [[#11.3.3.8. Membrane Gutters | Article 11.3.3.8.]]
</li></ol>

===10.3.8. Alternative Approaches to Sheet Membrane Flashing===
(The requirements in [[#10.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 10.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)

====<span style="background:#FFFACD">10.3.8.1. General</span>====

<ol>
<li>When field membranes or flashing plies are heat-welded, or when construction sequencing requires strategies for mitigating fire risk, the ''Contractor'' is responsible to assess risks and should consider the means and methods in [[#10.3.8.2. Pre-flashing | Article 10.3.8.2.]] and [[#10.3.8.3. Picture-framing | Article 10.3.8.3.]]
</li></ol>

====10.3.8.2. Pre-flashing====

<ol>
<li>Before installing the base field membrane, self-adhering or adhesive-applied base membrane flashing (“pre-flashing”) must be applied to both vertical surfaces and to a suitable substrate on the roof field (Figure 10.3.8.-A).
<li>Base membrane flashings must be finished and “buttered” at the joints using a hot-air welder, and must extend
<ol>
<li>no less than 101.6 mm (4”) onto the roof field,
<li>the full height of a parapet less than 606.9 mm (24") in height, and
<li>no less than 203.2 mm (8”) on all other vertical surfaces.
</li></ol>
<li>{{hilite | The ends of field membrane runs that are applied after base membrane flashing must|| 2021-October-30 }} continue up the face of the ''wall'' or ''parapet'' at least 101.6 mm (4”) (Figure 10.3.8.-B).
<li>Additional base membrane flashing must be installed along the lengths of base field membranes, applied to the vertical surface and onto the roof field at least 101.6 mm (4”) (Figure 10.3.8.-C).
<li>Cap field and flashing membranes must be installed in keeping with General Application standards (Figure 10.3.8.-D).
</li></ol>
<div class="col-md-12">
<div class="col-md-2">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ {{hilite | <small>Figure 10.3.8.-A (Click to expand)</small>|| 2020-October-23 }}
|-
| [[File:Figure 10.2a.jpg|class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/a/ae/Figure_10.2a.jpg | 300 px | 10.2a]]
|}
</div>
<div class="col-md-2">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ {{hilite | <small>Figure 10.3.8.-B  (Click to expand)</small>|| 2020-October-23 }}
|-
| [[File:Figure 10.2b.jpg|class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/e/e6/Figure_10.2b.jpg | 300 px | 10.2b]]
|}
</div>
<div class="col-md-2">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ {{hilite | <small>Figure 10.3.8.-C  (Click to expand)</small>|| 2020-October-23 }}
|-
| [[File:Figure 10.2c.jpg|class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/7/7f/Figure_10.2c.jpg | 300 px | 10.2c]]
|}
</div>
<div class="col-md-2">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ {{hilite | <small>Figure 10.3.8.-D  (Click to expand)</small>|| 2020-October-23 }}
|-
| [[File:Figure 10.2d.jpg|class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/0/08/Figure_10.2d.jpg | 300 px | 10.2d]]
|}
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-12">
<br>
</div>

====10.3.8.3. Picture-framing====

<ol>
<li>Before installing the base field membrane, the ''Contractor'' must “picture-frame” the field area adjacent sensitive perimeters (walls, curbs, or other details), using self-adhering or adhesive-applied membranes applied to a suitable substrate on the roof field.
<li>Picture-framing must be at least 1.5 m (58 ½”) wide, beginning with a half-width sheet installed along the the sensitive perimeter (Figure 10.3.8.-E).
<li>Perimeters must be flashed with self-adhering or adhesive-applied membrane base flashing; base membrane flashing plies must extend 
<ol>
<li>no less than 101.6 mm (4”) onto the roof field,
<li>the full height of a parapet less than 606.9 mm (24") in height, and
<li>no less than 203.2 mm (8”) on all other vertical surfaces.
</li></ol>
<li>Field base membrane runs must be installed and tied into the “picture frame” following the requirements in this Standard for side and end laps (Ref. [[#9.3.2.3. General Requirements for Membrane Application | Article 9.3.2.3.]]).
<li>Standard application of cap field membrane runs must be carried no closer than 1 m (39”) of the ''wall'' or ''parapet'' (Figure 10.3.8.-F).
<li>Self-adhering or adhesive-applied cap membranes must be applied to complete the field; side and end laps must be heat-sealed with a hot-air welder.
<li>Self-adhered or adhesive-applied cap membrane flashing must be applied to parapets or walls, in keeping with requirements in this Part for membrane flashing, and side and end laps shall be heat-sealed with a hot-air welder.
<li>All other applicable requirements in this Standard remain unaltered by this methodology.
</li></ol>

<div class="col-md-12">
<div class="col-md-4">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ {{hilite | <small>Figure 10.3.8.-E (Click to expand)</small>|| 2021-February-7 }}  
|-
| [[File:SBS Figure 10.3.1-1.jpg|class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/b/b0/SBS_Figure_10.3.1-1.jpg | 350 px]]
|-
|}
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ {{hilite | <small>Figure 10.3.8.-F  (Click to expand)</small>|| 2021-February-7 }}  
|-
| [[File:SBS Figure 10.3.1-2.jpg|class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/7/73/SBS_Figure_10.3.1-2.jpg | 350 px]]
|-
|}
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-9">

<hr>

<div id=PART_11></div>

=Part 11 - Drainage=
<div id="DRAIN_DESIGN"></div>
==Section 11.1. Design==
===11.1.1. General===
====11.1.1.1. Scope====

<ol>
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
</li></ol>

====11.1.1.2. Definitions====

<ol>
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].  Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part: 
<ol>
<li>''Drain leader'' means "a pipe that is installed to carry ''storm water'' from a roof to a ''storm building drain'' or ''sewer'' or other place of disposal” ("British Columbia Plumbing Code", Division A, [https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcpc2018/bcpc_2018dap1s14 Article 1.4.1.2., "Defined Terms"]).
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">''Flanged insert drain'' means a ''primary roof drain''</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">with a flat, broad flange that encircles, and is manufactured from the same material as, the drain opening or bowl,</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">that is spun or hot-welded (not cast),</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">that typically is secured to the ''roof assembly'' with screw-type mechanical fasteners,</span> and
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">that is manufactured with a short length of drain pipe ("drain stem"), which is inserted into a drain leader and sealed against back-flow using a compression seal.</span>
</li></ol>
<li>''Overflow drain'' ("overflow") means a ''secondary roof drain''
<ol>
<li>that serves as a safeguard when roof drains fail, and  
<li>{{hilite |which may be located in the roof field (for example, as a secondary drain) or at the perimeter of the roof.|| 2020-July-3 }}
</li></ol>
<li>''Primary roof drain'' means the primary means of draining water from the roof.
<li>''Roof drain'' means “A fitting or device that is installed in the roof to permit storm water to discharge into a ''leader''.” ("British Columbia Plumbing Code", Division A, [https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcpc2018/bcpc_2018dap1s14 Article 1.4.1.2., "Defined Terms"]).
<li>''Scupper drain'' ("Scupper") means an open or closed roof drain that conveys water laterally from one roof area to another, or from the roof directly to the exterior of the building.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">''Secondary roof drain'' means a drain connected to a separate drainage system, typically situated at a higher elevation than a ''primary roof drain''.  An ''overflow drain'' is a type of ''secondary roof drain''.</span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===11.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====11.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====11.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and shall
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | incorporate ''overflow drains'', designed for all roof areas, that are properly sized and spaced, in keeping with the building and plumbing codes having jurisdiction || 2020-October-22 }},
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">incorporate only drains and ''overflows'' designed and equipped with clamping rings, and</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | specify securement of the roof membrane with drain clamping rings or, when permitted by the ''manufacturer'', a reinforced <u>2-component</u> liquid membrane flashing, which must conform to the material and application requirements in this Standard|| 2020-October-22 }}.</span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===11.1.3. All Systems===
====11.1.3.1. Principles of Design====

<ol>
<li>The ''Design Authority'' is responsible for the design of roof drainage.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite |The size (flow rate) of roof drains and ''overflows'' must be determined using the "British Columbia Building Code" and "British Columbia Plumbing Code", with attention given to both average and large rainfall events (for rainfall capacities, refer to the|| 2021-October-30 }} [https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcbc2018/bcbc_2018dbacr2 "British Columbia Building Code", Div. B, Appendix C, "Table C-2"], {{hilite |which lists rainfall loads using specific reference locations throughout the province|| 2021-October-30 }}.</span>
<li>Membrane gutters must be designed for their anticipated capacity, with consideration given to 
<ol>
<li>rainfall and snow load calculations for the building location,
<li>drain type, size, flow rate, and
<li>size and placement of the ''overflow drain''.
</ol></li>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="recommended">{{hilite |The ''Design Authority'' should coordinate the various disciplines (including, without limitation, mechanical (plumbing) and structural engineers) to calculate proper flow rates, head pressure, and structural supports, in anticipation of significant, short-duration rain events; consideration should be given to various design elements</span> (listed without limitation) || 2021-October-23 }}</span></span>
<ol>
<li><span class="recommended">roof slope (more slope theoretically increases drainage and lessens live loading from rainfall)</span> (Ref. [[#2.1.3.1. General Requirements for Roof Slope | Article 2.1.3.1., "General Requirements for Roof Slope"]]),
<li><span class="recommended">rainfall rates for primary and overflow drainage</span>,
<li><span class="recommended">''primary'' and ''overflow drain'' capacities</span>,
<li><span class="recommended">hydraulic head (pressure)</span>, and
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="recommended">{{hilite | the location of the ''drainage plane''|| 2021-October-30 }}</span> {{hilite | (the ''drainage plane'' is not necessarily the same as the|| 2021-October-30 }} <span style="background:#FFFACD">''finished roof system surface''</span>, {{hilite | and the location of the ''drainage plane'' may affect the determination of live loads, which should be accounted for as part of drainage design|| 2021-October-30 }}).</span>
</li></ol> 
<li>Roofs may drain off a roof edge, or by means of internal plumbing (both are permissible under the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''').
<li>When a roof is designed to drain off an edge, water may drain freely or be collected by means of an external or membrane gutter (See [[#11.1.4.3. Membrane Gutters | Article 11.1.4.3.]]) and drained onto a lower ''roof assembly''.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">The membrane of the lower roof onto which drain water is directed must be protected from abrasion with splash pads.</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8"><span class="principles">Roof drains should be situated in a depression, to compensate for the build-up of membrane at the edge of the drain ''assembly'', which may impede drainage.</span></span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="recommended">When roofs are designed to drain through internal plumbing, drain sumps should be</span></span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="recommended">incorporated into a roof design whenever possible, to increase head pressure above primary roof drains,</span></span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="recommended">designed at least 1m x 1m (39” x 39”) in size. The depth of a sump is a function of insulation thickness</span> (See [[#7.1.4.4. Insulating Drain Sumps | Article 7.1.4.4.]]),</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="recommended">designed with sloped insulation</span>, and</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="recommended">additionally reinforcement around the perimeter, using a reinforced 2-component liquid membrane flashing system, to enhance durability.</span>
</li></ol>
<li>All drains located at the level of the field membrane must be fully supported above the ''supporting deck structure''.
<li>When a roof is fully or partially replaced, all flanged drains, ''scuppers'', and ''overflows'', together with internal drain-to-pipe compression seals, and seals exposed to water or ultraviolet light, must be replaced.
<li><span class="principles">If a flow restrictor is present in an existing cast drain leader, the restrictor should be reinstalled</span>.
<li>Roofs that support ''overburden'', and roofs that are secured with ballast, must be designed to incorporate a ballast guard that surrounds the drain and promotes proper drainage.
</li></ol>

====11.1.3.2. Roof Drain Function and Location====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Roof drains must be used only for draining water.</span>
<li>''Roof drains'' on new construction ''projects'' must be located at least 304.8 mm (12”) away from any adjacent drain, penetration, upstand, edge, or wall (the separation space is measured between openings, excluding the flange), but this requirement does not apply to ''overflow drains'', ''scupper drains'', and membrane gutters (Ref. [[#11.3.3.7. Scuppers and Overflows | Article 11.3.3.7.]] for minimum requirements applicable to ''scuppers'' and ''overflows'').
<li>When existing ''roof drain'' and penetration locations do not comply with the spacing requirements in this Part, the ''Design Authority'' must submit a written request for a Variance, following the requirements in [[#1.1.3.6. Variances | Article 1.1.3.6., ''Variances'']].
</ol></li>

===11.1.4. Drains and Membrane Gutters===
(The requirements for [[#11.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 11.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)

====11.1.4.1. Cast-iron Roof Drains====

<ol>
<li>Only cast-iron roof drains, and existing external couplers used to connect drains to leaders, may be re-used for roof replacement ''projects''.
<li><span class="principles">Drain extensions for cast-iron roof drains should be avoided, since the connection with the cast drain is not sealed; the result is a leak into the ''roof system''</span>.
</li></ol>

====11.1.4.2. Scuppers and Overflows====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-11.1.4.2. | Note A-11.1.4.2.]])

<ol>
<li><span class="principles">A scupper drain may serve either as a ''primary roof drain'' or as a ''secondary drain''</span>.
<li><span class="principles">Where no ''overflows'' are specified, the building structure should be designed to carry the total load of water collected on the roof, in the event of ''primary roof drain'' failure (See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-11.1.4.2. | Note A-11.1.4.2.]]).
<li>''Overflows'' must be 
<ol>
<li>designed as open-wall scuppers for ''parapets'' measuring 152.4 mm (6”) or less in height (Ref. Construction Details [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=SBS_11.3.2.5-1_Scuppers_and_Overflows_(open_wall_scupper) SBS 11.3.2.5.-1]), or 
<li>designed around the principles of a through-wall scupper when ''parapets'' are higher than 152.4 mm (6”) (Ref. Construction Details [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=SBS_11.3.2.5-2_Scuppers_and_Overflows_(through-wall_scupper) SBS 11.3.2.5.-2]), and (irrespective of design) shall be
<ol>
<li>located no higher than 101.6 mm (4”) above the ''drainage plane'',
<li>installed at least 25.4 mm (1”) lower than the lowest elevation of a door, window, or other low-clearance opening, to prevent water intrusion,
<li>situated so that they freely and visibly discharge storm water,
<li>protected with a ballast guard when the overflow is located below the ''finished roof system surface'', and
<li>specified with an opening sufficient in size to equal or exceed the rate of rainfall.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====11.1.4.3. Membrane Gutters====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-11.1.4.3. | Note A-11.1.4.3.]])

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">A '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' may cover a membrane ''gutter'' <span style="background:#D8BFD8">(''gutters'' lined with an adhered membrane and typically integrated into the roof structure)</span> only when the membrane ''gutter'' and the adjoining roof area are part of the same scope of work.</span>
<li>{{hilite | The ''Design Authority'' is responsible to design the membrane ''gutter'' for its anticipated capacity, with consideration given to|| 2020-July-3 }} 
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | rainfall and snow load calculations for the building location|| 2020-July-3 }},
<li>{{hilite | drain type, size and flow rate|| 2020-July-3 }}, and
<li>{{hilite | size and placement of the ''overflow drain''|| 2020-July-3 }}.
</li></ol>
<li>New membrane ''gutters'' shall be designed with a minimum width of 304.8 mm (12”) and a depth not exceeding the ''gutter’s'' width. 
<li>At least 101.6 mm (4") clearance on the horizontal plane is required between any membrane ''gutter'' wall and the 
<ol>
<li>the edge of the drain bowl for spun drains, and
<li>the edge of the drain leader for flat spun or welded drains.
</ol></li>
<li>Only fully-adhered membranes may be used in membrane ''gutters''.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Metal ''gutter'' liners are permissible, provided they are designed to fit over acceptable waterproofing, and the liners conform to the material requirements in [[#11.2.1.3. Membrane Gutters and Gutter Liners | Article 11.2.1.3.]]</span>
<li>''Conventionally insulated systems'' that drain into a membrane ''gutter'' must abut solid blocking at the ''gutter'' edge, which provides
<ol>
<li>a stop for the insulation ''assembly'', and
<li>a solid substrate for the securement of flashings and membranes.
</ol></li>
<li>An ''overflow drain'' must be located at least 
<ol>
<li>101.6 mm (4”) above the primary membrane ''gutter'' drain, and
<li>25.4 mm (1”) below any mechanical fasteners used to secure the adjoining ''roof system''.
</ol></li>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">In roof replacement applications, existing membrane ''gutters'' may qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''', but should be redesigned if their capacity is undersized, and must incorporate an overflow drain in keeping with the standards in this Part.</span>  
<li>Where the primary drain in an existing membrane ''gutter'' is undersized for its capacity, the primary drain must be replaced with one that is properly sized.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"> When a membrane ''gutter'' adjoins a RoofStar-guaranteed ''water-shedding system'', the transition from gutter to ''roof system'' shall conform to [[#11.3.3.8. Membrane Gutters | Article 11.3.3.8.]]</span>
</ol></li>

==Section 11.2. Materials==
(See [[Division_C | Division C, "Accepted Materials"]])

===11.2.1. Material Properties===
====11.2.1.1. General Requirements====

<ol>
<li>{{hilite | Except for cast-iron roof drains, which are usually supplied and installed by others, only new drains and penetration flashings listed in [[Division_C | Division C]] may be used.
<li>Reuse of any any penetration flashing or drain (except serviceable cast iron drains) is prohibited and may void the ''Guarantee''|| 2021-February-5 }} (See Division A, [[Guarantee#3.2.1.2._Limitations_and_Exclusions_of_Guarantee | Article 3.2.1.2.]]).
<li>Sheet membranes used to flash (strip in) drains shall be reinforced with polyester or a composite scrim, but in any event must conform to the membrane requirements found in [[#9.2.1.1. Membrane Composition, Thickness, and Selection | Article 9.2.1.1.]]
</li></ol>

====<span style="background:#FFFACD">11.2.1.2. Roof Drains and Scuppers</span>====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-11.2.1.2. | Note A-11.2.1.2.]])

<ol>
<li>All roof drains 
<ol>
<li>must be designed and manufactured for roof applications only, and shall not be floor drains, and
<li>shall be made so that the roof membrane can be sealed to the drain body or bowl (the membrane seal must not rely solely on a clamping ring).
</li></ol>
<li>Cast-iron ''primary roof drains'' 
<ol>
<li>must be supplied with a sump receiver and under-deck clamp,
<li><span class="principles">should separate securement of the under-deck clamp and clamping ring from securement for the strainer,</span> and
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">must be installed by the trade supplying the roof drain.</span>
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Cast-iron ''scupper drains'' must be</span> 
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">supplied with a clamping strainer,</span> and
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">designed with cast, enclosed (captive) strainer bolt receivers (drains with bolts exposed on the back side of the drain body are not acceptable).</span>
</li></ol>
<li>Lead sheet flashing, when specified, must be sized to extend past the drain bowl by at least 152.4 mm (6”), and must have a weight of at least 15 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (3 lb/ft<sup>2</sup>). 
<li>All ''primary'' ''flanged insert drains'' (drains with a stem that inserts into a drain leader) must
<ol>
<li>be manufactured with a hot-welded or seamless flange at least 101.6 mm (4”) wide (measured from the outer edge of the drain opening),
<li>be hot-welded at the joints between the bowl/flange and drain stem, and
<li><span class="recommended">should incorporate a clamping ring</span> (<span class="recommended">a clamping ring is recommended for ''primary flanged insert drains'' specified on any ''project''</span>, but clamping rings are required when ''primary flanged insert drains'' are specified for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''').
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">''Primary flanged drains'' (insert drains or scuppers) that connect with plumbing inside the building (“internal” drains)</span> must be constructed of
<ol>
<li>copper (min. weight: 24 oz. sheet copper; min. thickness: 20-gauge, or 0.889 mm (0.035”)), or
<li>aluminum (min. thickness: 12-gauge, or 2.053 mm (0.08081”)).
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">''Primary flanged drains'' (insert drains or scuppers)</span> that drain directly to the exterior of the building (“external” drains) must be constructed of
<ol>
<li>copper (min. weight: of 16 oz.; min. thickness: 24-gauge, or 0.559 mm (0.022”)), or
<li>aluminum (min. thickness: 20-gauge material, or 0.812 mm (0.03196”)).
</li></ol>
<li>All ''scupper drains'' (open, or closed (boxed)) must be
<ol>
<li>manufactured with welded seams and joints,
<li>designed to extend past the outside face of the wall, and
<li>fabricated from 
<ol>
<li>copper (min. weight: 16 oz.; min. thickness: 24-gauge, or 0.559 mm (0.022”)), or
<li>aluminum (min. thickness: 20-gauge material, or 0.812 mm (0.03196”)).
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
<li>In addition to the general requirements for ''scupper drains'', closed (boxed) ''scupper drains'' must also be
<ol>
<li>fully enclosed on four sides, for through-wall applications,
<li>fabricated with a drip edge at the bottom outside edge of the drain to deflect overflow water away from the building, and
<li>fitted with an overflow opening on the outside face of the scupper,
<ol>
<li>equal in capacity to the main drain leader opening, and
<li>at least 38.1 mm (1 ½”) lower than the top surface of the ''scupper drain''.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
<li>''Overflow drains'' 
<ol>
<li>must have a hot-welded or seamless flange at least 101.6 mm (4”) wide when measured from the outer edge of the drain opening, and 
<li>may be manufactured from ferrous metals (See [[#Section 13.2. Materials | Section 13.2.]]).
</li></ol>
<li>All roof drains utilized in a ''roof assembly'' that includes gravel ballast or growing media (soil) must be supplied with the drain manufacturer's proprietary primary drain strainer and secondary stainless-steel ballast guard, but when one is not provided, a custom-fabricated guard may be used provided the guard
<ol>
<li>is fabricated from 20-gauge stainless-steel (0.9525 mm or 0.0375”),
<li>incorporates 6.35 mm (1/4”) perforations, and
<li>equals or exceeds the height of the ''finished roof system surface''.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====<span style="background:#FFFACD">11.2.1.3. Membrane Gutters and Gutter Liners</span>====

<ol>
<li>Membrane gutter membranes shall be
<ol>
<li>accepted by the '''''Guarantor''''', 
<li>acceptable to the ''manufacturer'',
<li>compatible with the adjoining ''roof system'',  and
<li>manufactured for full adhesion (semi-adhesion and mechanical securement are not permissible).
</ol></li>
<li>A reinforced liquid membrane systems (PMMA or PUMA) approved for field use and applied to an accepted SBS-modified base membrane is acceptable as a ''gutter'' membrane.
<li>A metal ''gutter'' liner
<ol>
<li>may be fabricated from
<ol>
<li>copper sheet material, incorporating soldered seams, or
<li>stainless steel, incorporating welded seams, and
</ol></li>
<li>must conform to the sheet metal requirements in [[#13.2.1.2. Sheet Metal Grade and Gauge | Article 13.2.1.2.]]
</ol></li>
</ol></li>

====11.2.1.4. Fasteners====

<ol>
<li>Mechanical fasteners used to secure the roof membrane and penetration flashings, or related accessories, must be 
<ol>
<li>properly sized in accordance with ''roof system'' securement requirements (See [[#Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly | Part 3]]), and
<li>self-drilling purpose-made screws manufactured with deep, recessed heads.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====11.2.1.5. Sealants====

<ol>
<li>Sealants must be manufactured by, or acceptable to, the ''manufacturer''.
<li>Compression sealants must be formulated to provide waterproofed seals under compressive loads.
</li></ol>

====11.2.1.6. Liquid Membrane Flashing====

<ol>
<li>{{hilite | Only a RoofStar-accepted|| 2021-February-7 }} reinforced {{hilite | <u>two-component</u> catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)|| 2021-February-7 }} liquid membrane flashing system may be used on the water plane to flash roof drains, scuppers, and overflows.
</ol></li>

==Section 11.3. Application==
===11.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====11.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====<span style="background:#FFFACD">11.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee</span>====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and shall
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | incorporate ''overflow drains'' in all roof areas || 2020-October-22 }},
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">utilize only ''primary drains'' and ''overflows'' manufactured with clamping rings, and</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | ensure the roof membrane is secured with drain clamping rings or, when specified, with a reinforced <u>2-component</u> liquid membrane flashing applied to conform to the requirements in this Part|| 2020-October-22 }}.</span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===11.3.2. All Systems===
====11.3.2.1. Condition and Suitability of Roof Drains====

<ol>
<li>All clamping rings and strainers must be unbroken, properly seated, and fully secured.
</li></ol>

====11.3.2.2. Location and Spacing of Roof Drains====
(See also [[#Section 11.1. Design | Section 11.1., ''Design'']])

<ol>
<li>Roof drains for new construction ''projects'' must be located at least 304.8 mm (12”) away from any adjacent drain, penetration, upstand, edge, or wall (the separation space is measured between openings, excluding the flange).
<li>The 304.8 mm (12”) spacing requirement for roof drains does not apply to ''overflows'', ''scupper drains'', and drains used in membrane gutters.
<li>Roof drains and cap membrane seams must be offset from each other at least 304.8 mm (12”), measured from the edge of the drain.
</li></ol>

====11.3.2.3. Drain Protection Against Blockage====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">All roof drains must be supplied and installed with a secured strainer to prevent debris from blocking the drain.</span>
<li>{{hilite | When a roof supports ''overburden'' or is secured with ballast, drains must be installed together with a surrounding ballast guard that promotes water flow|| 2020-July-3 }}.
<li>{{hilite | When the overburden is a ''Vegetated Roof System'', roof drains must be protected by both a gravel/ballast guard and a separation zone (ref. [[#14.1.3.8. Drainage | Article 14.1.3.8.]])|| 2020-July-3 }}.
</ol></li>
<div id="DRAIN_LIQUID"></div>

====11.3.2.4. General Installation Requirements====

<ol>
<li>Drains must be secured to the ''supporting deck'' structure, or to blocking.
<li>When a roof supports ''overburden'' or is secured with ballast, drains must be installed together with a surrounding ballast guard that promotes water flow.
<li>Drains must be flashed using the primary membrane system or accessories acceptable to the ''manufacturer'' and the '''''Guarantor'''''.
<li>When fleece-reinforced liquid membrane systems are used to flash drains, only a RoofStar-accepted reinforced {{hilite | two-component catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)|| 2021-February-7 }} may be used on the ''drainage plane'' to flash roof drains, ''scuppers'', and ''overflows''.
</ol></li>

===1.3.3. Drains and Membrane Gutters===
(The requirements for [[#11.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 11.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)

====11.3.3.1. Drain Sumps====

<ol>
<li>When a 2-part liquid membrane flashing is specified for reinforcement of drain sumps, the liquid membrane flashing must continuously cover the sides of the sump, overlapping both the sump bottom and the roof field by at least 101.6 mm (4”).
</li></ol>

====11.3.3.2. General Requirements for Cast-iron Roof Drains====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Cast-iron roof drains must be installed by the plumbing/mechanical trade</span>.
<li>When cast-iron roof drains are used, a sump receiver and under-deck clamp must be provided and installed by the trade supplying the roof drain.
<li><span class="principles">Drain extensions for cast-iron roof drains should be avoided</span>.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="principles">Existing flow restrictors removed during roof construction should be reinstalled</span>.</span>
<li>All cast-iron roof drains must be 
<ol>
<li>new or clean,
<li>unbroken (this applies to the clamping ring also), and
<li>flashed in accordance with the ''manufacturer's'' published instructions, or to the requirements published in this Part, whichever are greater.
</li></ol>
<li>The continuity of air and vapour control layers must be maintained, where the controls are specified.
</li></ol>

====11.3.3.3. Cast-iron Drains Installed with Lead Flashing====

<ol>
<li>All ''roof system'' components, including tapered insulation, must be cut to fit closely around the drain bowl and leader.
<li>The drain flange must be clean and dry.
<li>The base field membrane must 
<ol>
<li>neatly fit around the outside edge of the cast drain flange, and
<li>be prepared to receive a coat of membrane-compatible mastic, as directed by the ''manufacturer’s'' published instructions.
</li></ol>
<li>A membrane-compatible mastic must be applied to the field membrane, and to the drain flange.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">The lead flashing must</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">be centred over the drain body,</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">extend inside drain bowl at least 25.4 mm (1"), and</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">conform to the contours of the drain bowl.</span>
</li></ol>
<li>A reinforcement membrane ("target") patch of modified bituminous base sheet material, 3 mm or more in thickness, must
<ol>
<li>measure at least 1m x 1m (39” x 39”),
<li>be applied over the lead flashing and onto the field base membrane, ensuring continuous visible bleed-out of bitumen around all edges of the patch and a firm bond between the membrane and the lead flashing, and
<li>must extend at least 152.4 mm (6”) past the outside edge of the lead flashing.
</li></ol>
<li>The cap field membrane must be installed according to the general requirements for field membranes (See [[#9.3.2.3. General Requirements for Membrane Application | Article 9.3.2.3.]]).
<li>The cap membrane must extend past the inside edge of the drain bowl.
<li>The clamping ring must be seated and secured, ensuring it is not broken.
<li>The drain screen must be securely installed.
</li></ol>

====11.3.3.4. Cast-iron Drains Installed with Membrane Flashing====

<ol>
<li>All ''roof system'' components, including tapered insulation, must be cut to fit closely around the drain bowl and leader.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">The drain flange must be clean and dry.</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">When priming is required by the ''manufacturer'', the drain flange must be primed with the ''manufacturer’s'' accepted primer.</span>
<li>The field membrane ''system'' must be installed according to the requirements in [[#9.3.2.3. General Requirements for Membrane Application | Article 9.3.2.3.]]
<li>In addition to the ''manufacturer’s'' specific requirements for roof drains,
<ol>
<li>the base field membrane must be prepared to receive a reinforcement membrane patch,
<li>a reinforcement membrane ("target") patch of modified bituminous base sheet material, 3 mm or more in thickness, must
<ol>
<li>measure at least 1m x 1m (39” x 39”),
<li>be applied over the drain flange and onto the roof field, ensuring continuous visible bleed-out of bitumen around all edges of the patch and a firm bond between the membrane and the lead flashing,
<li>the membrane patch must be trimmed to the inside edge of the drain bowl, and
<li>must extend at least 152.4 mm (6”) past the outside edge of the lead flashing,
</li></ol>
<li>the cap field membrane must 
<ol>
<li>be installed according to the general requirements for field membranes (See [[#9.3.2.3. General Requirements for Membrane Application | Article 9.3.2.3.]]), and
<li>extend past the inside edge of the drain bowl,
</li></ol>
<li>the clamping ring must be seated and secured, ensuring it is not broken, and
<li>the drain screen must be securely installed.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====11.3.3.5. Cast-iron Roof Drain Retrofitting (Replacement Roofing)====

<ol>
<li><span class="recommended">Retrofitting a cast-iron roof drain is not recommended</span>, but when retrofitting is unavoidable (i.e., the drain has deteriorated to the extent that it cannot receive a new roof membrane, and removal is not possible),
<ol>
<li>remove any broken parts and debris,
<li>connect the retrofit insert to internal leaders using only an external coupling (unless impractical - see alternative requirements below), and
<li>follow the requirements set out in [[#11.3.3.2. General Requirements for Cast-iron Roof Drains | Article 11.3.3.2.]]
</li></ol>
<li>When an internal compression seal is used out of necessity to connect a retrofit drain to an existing drain leader, 
<ol>
<li>the joint must be properly prepared to ensure the joined surfaces are clean, smooth and uniform, and
<li>honing out the cast pipe may be required.
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">In the absence of a clamping collar, the retrofit insert drain must be sealed to the primary membrane with another method acceptable to the ''manufacturer'' and the '''''Guarantor''''' (Ref. [[#11.2.1.6. Liquid Membrane Flashing | Article 11.2.1.6.]]).</span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====<span style="background:#FFFACD">11.3.3.6. Flanged Insert-type Roof Drains</span>====

<ol>
<li>''Flanged insert drains'' must be
<ol>
<li>installed after the primary field base membrane has been fully installed,
<li>embedded in a continuous trowelled bed of mastic, applied to a prepared compatible base membrane where the flange makes contact,
<li>mechanically fastened to blocking, or to the ''roof deck'', using fasteners conforming to [[#11.2.1.4. Fasteners | Article 11.2.1.4.]],
<li>pre-primed on both faces of the flange, before installation of a reinforcement membrane patch, and
<li>sealed to the field base membrane with a reinforcement membrane ("target") patch
<ol>
<li>at least 3 mm thick,
<li>large enough to extend past the edge of the drain flange by at least 152.4 mm (6”),
<li>aligned with the base field membrane runs, or oriented 45-degrees to the base field membrane,
<li>cut to terminate on the flange, and
<li>sealed onto the flange and the field base membrane, evidenced by continuous visible bleed-out of bitumen along all edges of the patch,
</li></ol> 
<li>The cap field membrane must overlap the base membrane patch and be heat-welded or adhered to the drain flange, at the bowl.
<li>Only mechanical compression type seals may be used to connect insert-type drains to internal drain leaders; “O”- rings, mastics and caulking are not acceptable methods for sealing these types of drains to leaders.
</li></ol>
</li></ol> 

====11.3.3.7. Scuppers and Overflows====

<ol>
<li>''Open scupper drains'' may be constructed to match the height of the roof or membrane ''gutter'' edge, but must be fully sealed with membrane flashing (ref. Construction Detail [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=SBS_11.3.2.5-1_Scuppers_and_Overflows_(open_wall_scupper) SBS 11.3.3.7.-1]).
<li>When a ''through-wall scupper'' is specified, only fully enclosed scupper drains (enclosed on all sides and open only at the inflow and outflow ends) may be installed (ref Construction Detail [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=SBS_11.3.2.5-2_Scuppers_and_Overflows_(through-wall_scupper) SBS 11.3.3.7.-2]).
<li>''Scuppers'' and ''overflows'' that are installed through walls may be installed no closer than 203.2 mm (8") to
<ol>
<li>a roof drain, or
<li>any protrusion and its flashing.
</li></ol>
<li>''Scupper'' and ''overflow'' assemblies must be
<ol>
<li>cleaned and prepared to receive membrane flashing (refer to the membrane manufacturer’s published requirements),
<li>embedded in a layer of trowelled membrane-compatible mastic,
<li>primed on exposed flanges to receive membrane flashing,
<li>mechanically fastened to the substrate (i.e., blocking, the ''roof deck'', and the ''wall'') with fasteners conforming to [[#11.2.1.4. Fasteners | Article 11.2.1.4.]], and
<li>sealed to the ''roof system'' with base sheet membrane flashing plies that 
<ol>
<li>lap onto the drain body flanges at least 101.6 mm (4”), and 
<li>extend onto the surrounding field membrane or perimeter base membrane by at least 152.4 mm (6").
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
<li>Cap sheet membrane flashing for ''scuppers'' and ''overflows'' must extend past the terminated edges of base membrane plies and seal to the drain flange.
<li>Clamping collars must be securely installed according to their design, and where specified.
</li></ol>

====11.3.3.8. Membrane Gutters====

<ol>
<li>All ''gutter'' membranes must be installed according to the ''manufacturer’s'' published instructions.
<li>Sheet membranes installed in a ''gutter'' must be 
<ol>
<li>installed perpendicular to the ''gutter'' length,
<li>carried up an adjoining ''roof system'' (measured vertically from the maximum water level) 
<ol>
<li>at least 152.4 mm (6”), or
<li>at least 304.8 mm (12”) in regions with typical heavy snow,
</ol></li>
<li>lapped under and sealed to the adjoining membranes at least 152.4 mm (6”),
<li>installed in keeping with application requirements in this Standard,
<li>mechanically secured at their terminations, both on the outside of the ''gutter'' edge and on the field, and
<li>secured above the maximum water level at least 152.4 mm (6”) and no more than 304.8 mm (12”) O.C.
</ol></li>
<li>''Gutter'' drains and overflows must be installed in keeping with the requirements in [[#Section 11.1. Design | Section 11.1., ''Design'']].
<li>Drain flanges that must be bent to accommodate the width of the ''gutter'' must be mechanically fastened to the ''gutter'' wall before membrane is installed.
<li>A metal ''gutter'' liner
<ol>
<li>must incorporate soldered seams when it is fabricated from copper sheet material,
<li>must incorporate welded seams when it is fabricated from stainless steel, and
<li>must be installed
<ol>
<li>over an adhered single ply membrane, no less than 2.3 mm (90 mils) thick (bituminous membranes) or 1.5 mm (60 mils) thick (non-bituminous membranes), and
<li>with a ''separation layer'' (slip sheet) between the membrane and the metal liner to prevent damage to the membrane caused by the liner at its joints.
</ol></li>
</ol></li>
<li>The transition from a membrane ''gutter'' to a ''water-shedding system'' that is insulated (typically ASM only) shall conform to the requirements for membrane ''gutters'' in the "Standard for Architectural Sheet Metal (ASM) Roof Systems" (see Construction Detail [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=ASM_11.1.4.3.-B_Membrane_Gutter_Assembly ASM 11.1.4.3.-B, "Membrane Gutter Assembly"] for an illustrated example).
</ol></li>


<hr>
<div id=PART_12></div>

=Part 12 - Penetrations and Curbs=
==Section 12.1. Design==
===12.1.1. General===
====12.1.1.1. Scope====

<ol>
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
</li></ol>

====12.1.1.2. Definitions====

<ol>
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].
</li></ol>

===12.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====12.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====<span style="background:#FFFACD">12.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee</span>====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee'''''; in addition,
<ol>
<li>{{hilite |when a roof is replaced, all open-top penetration flashings (flashings without a top cover) must be waterproofed as described elsewhere in this Part and shall be installed with clamped double storm collars that are fully sealed around the upper edge,|| 2020-October-22 }}
<li>{{hilite |when a roof is installed on a newly constructed building, all penetration flashings that are usually fitted with a single storm collar (typically supplied and installed by others) must be fitted with a second storm collar, supplied by the ''Contractor'', || 2020-October-22 }}
<li>{{hilite | all electrical, gas, and other services, that penetrate the ''roof assembly'' must be protected against water intrusion with || 2020-October-22 }} 
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | purpose-made flashings that are sealed into the ''roof system'', || 2020-October-22 }}
<li>{{hilite | curbs fitted with a “weather head” hood sealed into the curb membrane flashing, || 2020-October-22 }} or
<li>sealant pockets (used only where unavoidable) that conform to this Part and are at least 101.6 mm (4”) tall, or are elevated the same distance above the water plane (when measured from the water plane to the top of the pocket), and
</li></ol>
<li>{{hilite | when penetrations or vent openings in a ''conventionally insulated roof system'' are flashed using galvanized or hot-welded materials, the flashings|| 2021-February-7 }}
<ol>
<li>must conform to the requirements in [[#Section 12.2. Materials | Section 12.2.]],
<li>{{hilite | shall be elevated on ''curbs'', and 
<li>must be additionally flashed ("coated") with a reinforced catalyzed two-component liquid membrane, or with two (2) cured applications of a single-component liquid flashing system|| 2021-February-7 }} (See [[#12.3.2.2. Galvanized Penetration Flashings | Article 12.3.2.2.]]).
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===12.1.3. All Systems===
====12.1.3.1. General Requirements for Penetrations====

<ol>
<li>Each roof opening must be enclosed and sealed 
<ol>
<li>with a ''curb'', or
<li>a penetration flashing.
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Each penetration (except for clustered or bundled electrical cables) must be flashed separately from others.</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | Single or bundled electrical cable penetrations must be flashed with a suitable goose-neck flashing, fitted with a weather head|| 2020-July-3 }}.</span>
<li>Penetration flashings must be
<ol>
<li>new,
<li>
<span style="background:#FFFACD">suitable for the type of penetration,</span> and
<li>properly fitted to form a seal around the penetration, or
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">of sufficient height to be made water-tight with a site-fabricated membrane seal fashioned to enclose the gap between the flashing and the penetration (see Figure 12.3.2.1.-A); the application of liquid sealant around the penetration in an open-top flashing is not acceptable.</span>
</li></ol>
<li><span class="recommended">Penetration flashings should be selected for their ability to inhibit the intrusion of vermin and insects into the roof assembly and building interior.</span>
<li>{{hilite | Cylindrical ("pipe-type") penetrations must be sealed with|| 2020-July-3 }} 
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | the ''manufacturer’s'' proprietary rubber-based friction seals that utilize mechanical clamps,|| 2020-July-3 }}.
<li>{{hilite | a 2-part site-fabricated or proprietary flashing with a removable inspection/access cap|| 2020-July-3 }} (Ref. [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=SBS_11.3.3.3-2_Penetration_Flashings_(two-part_cable) Construction Detail SBS 11.3.3.3-2]), or
<li>
<span style="background:#FFFACD">roof ''curbs'' fitted with customized metal hoods or square-to-round metal flashing.</span>
</li></ol>
<li>{{hilite | Aluminum or copper flashings for penetrations may be located at the ''drainage plane'' in any assembly type. || 2020-February-15 }}
</li></ol>

====12.1.3.2. Galvanized Penetration Flashings====

<ol>
<li>{{hilite | Galvanized flashings and vents || 2020-February-15 }} are permitted in the ''drainage plane'' on ''uninsulated'' or ''conventionally insulated systems'', provided
<ol>
<li>the base is coated (see [[#12.3.2.2. Galvanized Penetration Flashings | Article 12.3.2.2.]]), and
<li>{{hilite | the penetration opening does not exceed 0.126 m<sup>2</sup> (196 in.<sup>2</sup>) || 2020-October-22 }}.
</li></ol>
<li>All galvanized penetration flashings or vents specified for use in a ''protected roof system'' or ''modified protected roof system'' must be located on ''curbs'' no less than 203.2 mm (8") in height above the <span style="background:#FFFACD">''finished roof system surface''</span>.
<li>Galvanized flashings used for penetrations or openings larger than 0.126 m<sup>2</sup> (196 in.<sup>2</sup>) in size must be supported by a ''curb''.
</li></ol>

====12.1.3.3. Separation Between Details====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Penetrations {{hilite | on new construction ''projects''|| 2020-July-3 }} must be separated from other penetrations, drains, curbs, walls, or changes in plane so that the space between flashings for these details is at least 304.8 mm (12") (this is measured between openings or the edge of a detail, and excludes the flashing flange)</span>; <span style="background:#D8BFD8"> the exception to this requirement is customized penetration flashings designed for multiple individual or clustered penetrations.</span>
<li>When a roof is replaced and existing penetration locations do not comply with the spacing requirements in this Part, the ''Design Authority'' must submit a written request for a Variance, as specified in [[#1.1.3.6. Variances | Article 1.1.3.6., "Variances"]].
</li></ol>

====12.1.3.4. Curbs, Sleepers, and Equipment Pads====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">The design and placement of curbs and sleepers shall be the responsibility of the ''Design Authority''.</span>
<li>{{hilite | ''Curbs'' must be designed so that they can be secured directly to the ''deck'' structure, or to intermediate blocking, and must not be situated on top of the ''roof system''. || 2020-February-15 }}
<li>All ''curbs'', sleepers, and deck-supported equipment pads must be designed to achieve a minimum height of 203.2 mm (8”), measured from the ''finished roof system surface'', to permit proper membrane flashing.
<li>Notwithstanding the minimum height requirement membrane flashing, ''curbs'' and sleepers that are completely sealed (enveloped) with membrane, and are free of penetrations through the top face (i.e., equipment isolators) may be less than 203.2 mm (8”) in height but shall be
<ol>
<li>no less than 101.6 mm (4") in height, or
<li>no less than 127 mm (5") in height when capped with a ''linear metal flashing''.
</li></ol>
<li>Equipment isolators are not considered part of the ''roof system'' and therefore any leaks caused by or occurring at isolators shall be excluded from coverage under the '''''Guarantee'''''.
<li>Equipment ("housekeeping") pads placed on top of the ''finished roof system surface'' and supporting combined loads
<ol>
<li>less than 90 kg (200 lbs) must be separated from the membrane with a bond-breaking layer (i.e., XPS insulation), and
<li>greater than 90 kg (200 lbs) must conform to the requirements for structural sleepers or equipment pads.
</ol></li>
<li>Reinforced liquid membrane flashing systems may be specified only where
<ol>
<li>sheet membrane applications are not practicable (i.e., complex geometry), or
<li>the top edge of membrane plies must be terminated on a vertical surface and other means of termination are not practicable or even possible.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====12.1.3.5. Protection of Roof Membranes====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">The ''Design Authority'' must consider and specify mitigating strategies to preserve the membrane from damage (i.e., specifying grease guards or a reinforced 2-part liquid membrane coating) when mechanical equipment extracts and discharges grease, chemicals, or other contaminants, onto the roof</span>.
</li></ol>

====12.1.3.6. Railings, Ladders, and Other Attached Structures====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Railings, ladders, and other attached structures shall not be affixed at the field membrane level and <span class="principles">should be designed for attachment to vertical surfaces only</span></span>.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="principles">Attachment of railings, ladders, and other attached structures to a raised horizontal substrate is strongly discouraged</span>, but when this manner of securement is specified, the design must be submitted in writing by the ''Design Authority'' to the '''''Guarantor''''' for review and acceptance through a written Variance.</span>
<li><span class="recommended">Ladders, railings, or other structures that may penetrate the ''roof system'', should be designed to minimize thermal bridging (and consequential condensation) or reduced thermal performance; uninsulated direct, rigid connections to the structural deck or walls is strongly discouraged.</span>
<li></span>Pourable sealant pockets used to flash vertical penetrations should be specified only as a last resort, for use only when other flashing methods are impractical ({{hilite |Ref. [[#12.3.2.8. Sealant Pockets | Article 12.3.2.8., ''Sealant Pockets'']]|| 2020-July-3 }}).
</li></ol>

==Section 12.2. Materials==
(See [[Division_C | Division C, "Accepted Materials"]])

===12.2.1. Material Properties===
====12.2.1.1. Membranes Used for Flashing====

<ol>
<li>Sheet membranes used to flash (strip in) penetrations and ''curbs'' shall be
<ol>
<li>the same membrane used on the roof field, or
<li>sheet or liquid membranes conforming to [[#10.2.1.1. Flashing Membranes | Article 10.2.1.1.]]
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====12.2.1.2. General Requirements for Penetration Flashings====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">All membrane-flashed roof penetration flashings, except flashings that are proprietary to the ''manufacturer'', must be</span>
<ol>
<li>accepted by or acceptable to the '''''Guarantor''''',
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"> manufactured to conform to CSA-B272, "Prefabricated Self-Sealing Roof Vent Flashings" (a penetration flashing fabricated by the ''Contractor'' is exempt from this requirement),</span>
<li>permanently marked with the standard number it conforms to, which shall be independently validated through published testing by a qualified third-party,
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">manufactured from sheet metal conforming to the material requirements in [[#Section 13.2. Materials | Section 13.2.]], when the flashing is custom-made or fabricated by the ''Contractor'',</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">compatible with the ''roof system'',</span>
<li>seamless or, in the alternative, fabricated with fully hot-welded joints, including a base flange at least 101.6 mm (4”) wide,
<li>capable of inhibiting the intrusion of vermin and insects into the ''roof assembly'' and building interior, and
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">at least 203.2 mm (8”) tall when measured from the ''finished roof system surface'' to an opening, or to the top of the flashing.</span>
</li></ol>
<li>Metal penetration flashings that are purpose-made for
<ol>
<li>electrical cables must be goose-necked and supplied with a downward-facing weather head, and
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">plumbing vents shall be supplied with a matching settlement cap produced by the same manufacturer.</span>
</li></ol>
<li>Galvanized penetration flashings, and galvanized vents, must
<ol>
<li>meet or exceed the CSA-A93 Standard,
<li>be made with material galvanized steel (26-gauge or heavier) conforming to the metal requirements found in [[#Part 13 - Linear Metal Flashing | Part 13, "Linear Metal Flashing"]], and
<li>be at least 203.2 mm (8”) tall when measured from the ''finished roof system surface'' to an opening.
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Storm collars</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">must be fashioned from galvanized or stainless steel,</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | must slope downward from the penetration approximately 45°,|| 2021-June-30 }}</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | shall be at least 50.8 mm (2”) wide|| 2021-June-30 }},</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">shall be self-locking or, in the alternative, manufactured to receive a mechanical band clamp,</span> and
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="principles">should be fabricated with a channel at the top edge, for retaining sealant.</span></span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====12.2.1.3. Flashings for Heating and Plumbing System Penetrations====

<ol>
<li>All plumbing vent flashings shall be non-ferrous.
<li>{{hilite | Lead plumbing vent flashings must each be|| 2021-June-30 }}
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | fabricated with sheet lead material weighing no less than 14.65 Kg/m2 (3lb/sf)|| 2021-June-30 }},
<li>{{hilite | properly sized for the pipe|| 2021-June-30 }}, and
<li>{{hilite | supplied with a settlement cap made from the same materials (the inside collar of the settlement cap must fit vertically inside the pipe opening by at least 25.4 mm (1”))|| 2021-June-30 }}.
</li></ol>
<li>{{hilite |In addition to the general requirements in [[#12.2.1.2. General Requirements for Penetration Flashings | Article 12.2.1.2.]], all metal penetration flashings (except natural airflow vents) used for heating and plumbing penetrations must be|| 2021-June-30 }}
<ol>
<li>properly sized for the penetration, both in diameter and height,
<li>flexible or sloped to suit the roof slope, and
<li>supplied with a properly sized galvanized storm collar or settlement cap.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====12.2.1.4. Reserved====

==Section 12.3. Application==
===12.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====12.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====<span style="background:#FFFACD">12.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee</span>====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and shall comply with the requirements in [[#12.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee | Article 12.1.1.2.]]
</li></ol>

===12.3.2. All Systems===
====12.3.2.1. General Requirements for Flashing Penetrations====

<ol>
<li>All penetration flashing materials must be new.
<li>Anything that penetrates through the ''roof system'', including openings for ventilation, must be flashed with a ''curb'', a purpose-made flashing, or a custom-fitted flashing, all of which shall be sealed to the ''roof system'' so that the penetration or opening is protected from water ingress, to at least 203.2 mm (8") above the ''drainage plane''.
<li>{{hilite | Each roof penetration must have its own flashing (except where a purpose-made flashing is designed for multiple penetrations), and each flashing|| 2021-June-30 }}
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | must be suitable for the slope and penetration|| 2021-June-30 }}, and
<li>{{hilite | must be properly fitted to form or permit a seal around the penetration|| 2021-June-30 }}.
</li></ol>
<li>Non-ferrous penetration flashings and vents that conform to the material requirements in [[#Section 12.2. Materials | Section 12.2.]] may be located at the ''drainage plane'' in any assembly type.
<li>Lead penetration flashings are not permitted when roof membranes are torch-applied.
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Cable and horizontal pipe penetrations must be flashed with 
<ol>
<li>a purpose-made flashing (i.e., a goose-neck flashing fitted with a weather head),
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">a sheet membrane-flashed curb fitted with a customized sheet metal hood (shaped to function like a weather head),</span> or
<li>{{hilite | a 2-component fleece-reinforced liquid membrane flashing as described in [[#12.3.2.6. Liquid Membrane Flashing | Article 12.3.2.6.]] (when other methods are not possible or practicable)|| 2020-July-3 }}.
</ol></li>
<li><span class="principles">Cables passing through a penetration flashing should be drooped, and horizontal pipes should be fitted with a capillary-breaking collar, to prevent water from tracking along the cable or pipe, into the building </span>; <span style="background:#D8BFD8">water tracking along cables and horizontal pipes does not constitute a leak and is therefore excluded from coverage under the '''''Guarantee'''''.</span>
<li>Flanged penetration flashings must be installed after the field base membrane and shall be
<ol>
<li>primed, when required by the ''manufacturer'',
<li>embedded in the manufacturer’s approved adhesive, sealant, or mastic,
<li>securely fastened to the supporting deck structure or intermediate blocking, and
<li>sealed to the base field membrane with membrane flashing (retrofit flashings only) or a sheet membrane target patch.
</ol></li>
<li>Retrofit flashings (metal flashings fitted together around a penetration and riveted or clamped together) shall be flashed with
<ol>
<li>base sheet membrane flashing carried up the vertical face of the flashing at least 203.2 mm (8") and past the base flange at least 101.6 mm (4"), and
<li>cap sheet membrane flashing which fully covers the base sheet flashing and extends past the termination of the base flashing by at least 50.2 mm (2") (See Construction Detail, [[SBS 11.3.3.3-2 Penetration Flashings (two-part cable) | "Two-part Cable Flashing"]]).
</ol></li>
<li>Sheet membrane target patches applied over flanged penetration flashings
<ol>
<li>shall be cut from base sheet membrane,
<li>must be a single piece or, when the penetration is large, two pieces that must be joined with laps at least 152.4 mm (6”) in width,
<li>must align with the base field membrane runs, or be turned 45-degrees to the base field membrane,
<li>shall cover the entire flange, terminating approximately 12.7 mm (1/2") from the flashing upstand,
<li>must extend past the edge of the flange, onto the roof field, by at least 101.6 mm (4”), and
<li><span class="principles">should show continuous visible bleed-out of bitumen along all edges of the patch</span>.
</ol></li>
<li>Cap membrane installed over a flanged penetration flashing
<ol>
<li>shall extend past the edge of the target patch membrane and terminate at the flashing upstand, and
<li>must be sealed along the cut edge of the membrane with
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | a compatible mastic embedded with granules|| 2020-July-3 }}, or
<li>{{hilite | a reinforced 2-component liquid membrane flashing, applied in keeping with the standards found in [[#12.3.2.6. Liquid Membrane Flashing | Article 12.3.2.6.]]|| 2020-July-3 }}
</ol></li>
</ol></li>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | Where a purpose-made flashing does not fit the penetration (i.e., a penetration that is a square post), or when a penetration extends above the top edge of the flashing so that it cannot be enclosed with a cap (Ref. Figure 12.3.2.-A), the penetration shall be sealed where it exits the top of the flashing ("the joint")|| 2020-July-3 }}</span>
<ol>
<li>by wrapping the joint with a properly-sized piece of {{hilite |semi-cured EPDM (or its equivalent)|| 2020-July-3 }},
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | loosely wrapped around the penetration and the flashing at least 1-1/2 times, or adhered to itself and overlapped at least 50.8 mm (2") ||2021-February-7 }},
<li>{{hilite | installed free of wrinkles or fish-mouths ||2021-February-7 }},
<li>applied so that it extends on either side of the joint by at least 50.8 mm (2"), and
<li>{{hilite | clamped at the top and at the bottom using stainless steel clamps set back from the membrane edge no more than 6.35 mm (1/4") ||2021-February-7 }}, or
</ol></li>
<li>by sealing the joint using {{hilite | heat- ||2021-February-7 }}shrink tubing that
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | covers both sides of the joint between the penetration and the flashing, by at least 50.8 mm (2") ||2021-February-7 }}, and
<li>is secured with stainless steel mechanical clamps installed at each end of the tubing.
</ol></li>
</ol></li>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8"> Penetrations that are flashed but are not immediately sealed using the methods described above must be temporarily protected from the weather with at least one properly fitted, level storm collar.</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">On a vertical penetration where a seal cannot be made between the flashing and the penetration (i.e., where the penetration is a hot pipe, or where movement of the penetration is anticipated), the opening between the penetration and top of the flashing must be protected with</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">at least one storm collar, secured with a separate mechanical (screw-type) clamp,</span> or
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">no fewer than two storm collars, each manufactured with friction-type clips, and spaced approximately 25.4 mm (1") apart.</span>
</ol></li>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | All installed storm collars must be sealed with a continuous, untooled bead of acceptable sealant at least 9.53 mm (3/8”) wide, applied to and centered over the joint between the collar and the penetration|| 2020-July-3 }}</span>.  
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Reinforced liquid membrane flashing systems may be used to seal a penetration on, or within 203.2 mm (8") of, the drainage plane, but only where</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">the penetration is structurally attached to a solid roof ''deck'' (concrete or mass timber),</span> and
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">the penetration is structurally independent of the roof ''deck'', but is of the same type of material (i.e., steel post passing through a steel deck),</span> or
<li>sheet membrane applications are not practicable (i.e., complex geometry), or
<li>the top edge of sheet membrane plies must be terminated on a vertical surface and other means of terminating them are not practicable or even possible.
</ol></li>
</ol></li>
</ol></li>
:{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ {{hilite | <small>Figure 12.3.2.-A (Click to expand)</small>|| 2021-February-7 }}
|-
| [[File:Figure 11.3.3.1-1 (SBS).jpg|class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/2/24/Figure_11.3.3.1-1_%28SBS%29.jpg | 400 px]]
|}

====12.3.2.2. <span style="background:#FFFACD">Galvanized Penetration Flashings</span>====

<ol>
<li>Galvanized, hot-welded flashings and vents may be installed on ''uninsulated'' or ''conventionally insulated systems'', provided the penetration flashing above the base flange is additionally flashed with an accepted liquid flashing system, to isolate the flashing from standing water.
<li>All galvanized penetration flashings or vents specified for use in a ''protected roof system'' or ''modified protected roof system'' shall not be installed at the ''drainage plane'' and instead must be located on ''curbs'' no less than 203.2 mm (8") in height above the <span style="background:#FFFACD">''finished roof system surface''</span>.
<li>{{hilite |The liquid flashing system applied to flashings and vents|| 2021-February-7 }}
<ol>
<li>may be a 2-component PMMA system or a single-component liquid flashing system,
<li>{{hilite |must be listed in [[Division_C | Division C]] and acceptable to the '''''Guarantor''''' for this application,
<li>shall be acceptable to the membrane manufacturer|| 2021-February-7 }},
<li>{{hilite | shall be applied evenly and with straight lines|| 2021-February-7 }},
<li>must extend up the sides of the vent or flashing at least 101.6 mm (4") above the <span style="background:#FFFACD">''finished roof system surface''</span>, and
<li>{{hilite |must cover the edge of the sheet membrane where it forms a seal with the flashing|| 2021-October-30 }}.
</ol></li>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Galvanized surfaces must be prepared in keeping with the ''manufacturer’s'' published requirements.</span>
<li><span class="recommended">{{hilite | Two cured applications of a single-component liquid flashing system are recommended for enhanced durability|| 2021-February-7 }}</span>, but when a single-component liquid flashing system is specified for a {{hilite | '''''RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee''''', two (2) cured coats are required|| 2021-October-30 }} (Ref. [[#12.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee | Article 12.1.2.2.]]).
</ol></li>

====12.3.2.3. Separation Between Penetration Flashings====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Penetrations {{hilite | on new construction ''projects''|| 2020-July-3 }} must be separated from other penetrations, drains, curbs, walls, or changes in plane so that the space between flashings for these details is at least 304.8 mm (12") (this is measured between openings or the edge of a detail, and excludes the flashing flange)</span>; <span style="background:#D8BFD8"> the exception to this requirement is customized penetration flashings designed for multiple individual or clustered penetrations.</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Penetrations that are closer together than the allowable minimum distance must be supported by a written Variance issued by the '''''Guarantor'''''.</span>
</li></ol>

====12.3.2.4. Curbs, Sleepers, and Equipment Pads====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Sheet membrane flashing for ''curbs'' must provide continuous waterproofing from the roof field up the vertical plane, at least 203.2 mm (8”) above the ''finished roof system surface'' and shall conform to the requirements in [[#10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls | Article 10.3.2.3.]], unless otherwise specified or permitted in this Part; waterproofing of equipment installed on a curb (i.e., isolators and other mounts) is the responsibility of others.</span>
<li>Liquid membrane flashing for ''curbs'' shall conform to the requirements in [[#12.3.2.6. Liquid Membrane Flashing | Article 12.3.2.6.]]
<li>{{hilite | Curb, sleeper, or equipment pad sheet membrane flashing || 2020-October-22 }}
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | shall be fully adhered to its substrate,|| 2020-October-22 }}
<li>{{hilite | base plies must lap onto the field base membrane by at least 101.6 mm (4"), or extend at least 50.8 mm (2") past perimeter mechanical fastener plates installed on the field, whichever is greater, || 2020-October-22 }}
<li>{{hilite | cap plies must lap onto the field cap membrane at least 50.8 mm (2") past the end of base membrane flashing plies, || 2020-October-22 }}
<li>{{hilite | base and cap plies must be carried up a vertical surface, above the ''finished roof system surface'', at least 203.2 mm (8") (the exception to this requirement is fully-enveloped sleepers or equipment pads), || 2020-October-22 }}
<li>{{hilite | must be hand rolled with a membrane manufacturer’s accepted roller, and || 2020-October-22 }}
<li>{{hilite | shall be secured to the substrate by the ''Contractor'' where membrane terminates on a vertical substrate. || 2020-October-22 }}
</ol></li>
<li>All inside and outside corners of sheet membrane-flashed curbs or walls must be reinforced with membrane gussets, each gusset measuring at least 101.6 mm x 152.4 mm (4” x 6”), excluding the tapered ends.
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Exposed membrane edges on curbs must be protected from UV radiation, and from water intrusion, using a counter-flashing or options described in [[#10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls | Article 10.3.2.3.]]</span>
<li>When installing heat-welded membranes, or where construction sequencing requires it, alternatives to conventional membrane flashing should be considered (Ref. [[#12.3.2.5. Alternative Approaches to Membrane Flashing | Article 12.3.2.5.]]).
<li>Reinforced liquid membrane flashing systems may be used only
<ol>
<li>where sheet membrane applications are not practicable (i.e., complex geometry), or
<li>where the top edge of membrane plies must be terminated on a vertical surface and other means of termination are not practicable or even possible (See also [[#12.3.2.6. Liquid Membrane Flashing | Article 12.3.2.6.]]).
</ol></li>
<li>Sleepers or equipment pads that are completely sealed (enveloped) with sheet membrane must be at least {{hilite | 101.6 mm (4") in height above the|| 2021-February-7 }} <span style="background:#FFFACD">''finished roof system surface''</span>, {{hilite | but when fully enveloped sleepers or equipment pads are capped with ''linear metal flashing'', they must be at least 127 mm (5") in height above the ''finished roof system surface''|| 2021-February-7 }} to provide sufficient height for exposed fasteners.
<li>All penetrations through the top surface of {{hilite | a sleeper or equipment pad|| 2021-February-7 }} must be sealed using
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | a compression sealant between the membrane and equipment supports|| 2021-February-7 }}, and
<li>{{hilite | a universal sealant applied around the edges of equipment supports|| 2021-February-7 }}.
</li></ol>
<li>Equipment ("housekeeping") pads placed on top of the ''finished roof system surface'' and supporting combined loads
<ol>
<li>less than 90 kg (200 lbs) must be separated from the membrane with a bond-breaking layer (i.e., XPS insulation), and
<li>greater than 90 kg (200 lbs) must be waterproofed to conform to the requirements for structural sleepers or equipment pads in this Section.
</ol></li>
</ol></li>

====12.3.2.5. Alternative Approaches to Membrane Flashing====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">The ''Contractor'' must assess the best approach to waterproofing any detail, when site conditions or construction sequencing require alternatives to heat-welding.</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">When alternative methods are required,</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">curbs must be flashed by adapting the methods described in [[#10.3.8.2. Pre-flashing | Article 10.3.8.2.]], or by using other approaches that are equal or superior, and</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">penetrations must be</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">incorporated into an adhered or self-adhered field membrane system, or</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">flashed by using a pre-flashing method that is suitable for the penetration.</span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====12.3.2.6. Liquid Membrane Flashing====

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Any liquid flashing system shall be used only when permitted by the ''manufacturer'', and it's use shall conform to the permissible applications in this Article.</span>
<li>Two-component fleece-reinforced catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and polyurethane methyl methacrylate (PUMA) liquid membrane flashing systems must be accepted by the '''''Guarantor''''' and listed in [[Division_C | Division C]], and 
<ol>
<li>may be used
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | on the ''drainage plane''|| 2021-February-7 }},
<li>where sheet membrane flashing may not be practical or even possible,
<li>{{hilite | to terminate the top edge|| 2021-February-7 }} of sheet membrane flashing,
<li>{{hilite | for sheet membrane reinforcement (i.e., at corners)|| 2021-February-7 }},
<li>{{hilite | where abrasion resistance is desirable|| 2021-February-7 }},
<li>{{hilite | where resistance to contamination of sheet membrane is necessary|| 2021-February-7 }}, or
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">where the ''Design Authority'' specifies its application.</span>
</ol></li>
<li>must be compatible with the primary sheet membrane flashing,
<li>shall be applied to a properly prepared substrate, which must be clean, dry, free of contaminants, and primed, all as required by the ''manufacturer'' in their published instructions,
<li>must be applied within masked boundaries to produce clean, straight, plumb edges, and
<li>shall be applied to ensure that
<ol>
<li>the rate of application conforms to the ''manufacturer's'' published instructions, unless superseded by this Standard,
<li>the base coating of catalyzed liquid membrane resin evenly and fully covers the masked area,
<li>the manufacturer’s reinforcement fleece {{hilite | is cut to|| 2021-February-7 }} cover the masked area, to within 4.76 mm (1/8”) of all edges,
<li>the fleece is fully embedded in, and saturated with, the based coating of resin, and
<li>the fleece is evenly and thoroughly coated with a second application of catalyzed liquid membrane resin, covering the masked area.
</ol></li>
</ol></li>
<li>Where a fleece-reinforced 2-component catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) liquid membrane flashing system is used to terminate sheet membrane on the vertical plane, the liquid membrane flashing system must overlap the sheet membrane, and it must extend onto the vertical substrate above the sheet membrane, by no less than 50.8 mm (2") (Ref. Figure 12.3..2-B). 
<li>Fleece-reinforced 2-component catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) liquid membrane flashing system that is used as a substitute for sheet membrane flashing must be carried up a vertical plane at least 203.2 mm (8”), and no less than 203.2 mm (8") onto the horizontal field plane.
<li>{{hilite | Single-component polyurethane and silicon-based liquid membrane flashing ''system''|| 2021-February-7 }}
<ol>
<li>must be accepted by the '''''Guarantor''''', acceptable to the ''manufacturer'', and shall be listed in [[Division_C | Division C]],
<li>{{hilite | may be used|| 2021-February-7 }}
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | to coat galvanized flashings used in the water plane, provided the application follows the requirements in [[#12.3.2.2. Galvanized Penetration Flashings | Article 12.3.2.2., "Galvanized Penetration Flashings"]]|| 2021-February-7 }},
<li>{{hilite | to flash details more than 101.6 mm (4”) above the water plane, that cannot be sealed with sheet-type membranes|| 2021-February-7 }}, or
<li>{{hilite | to seal pre-curb dowels (see [[#14.3.2.7. Structures and Equipment | Article 14.3.2.7.]])|| 2021-February-7 }}.
</ol></li>
<li>{{hilite | must not be used in the ''drainage plane'', or to reinforce membranes against abrasion|| 2021-February-7 }},
<li>{{hilite | must be applied in two cured coats, unless otherwise permitted in this Standard|| 2021-February-7 }}, and
<li>{{hilite | must be fleece-reinforced between coats where|| 2021-February-7 }}
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">the application is considered permanent,</span>
<li>{{hilite | a change in plane (angle) occurs|| 2021-February-7 }}, or
<li>{{hilite | there is a joint between two supports and the liquid membrane must serve as a bridge|| 2021-February-7 }}.
</ol></li>
</ol></li>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | Accessory PMMA detailing products|| 2021-February-7 }}</span>
<ol>
<li>must be accepted by the '''''Guarantor''''', acceptable to the ''manufacturer'', and listed in [[Division_C | Division C]],
<li>{{hilite | must be|| 2021-October-30 }} reinforced with chopped or loose fibres,
<li>{{hilite | shall not be used as a substitute for fleece-reinforced 2-component PMMA systems, where these are required or exclusively permitted|| 2021-February-7 }},
<li>{{hilite | must be used at locations  101.6 mm (4”) or more above the ''drainage plane''|| 2021-February-7 }}, <span style="background:#FFFACD">{{hilite | except where complex details, such as bolt heads, cannot be properly sealed with a fleece-reinforced 2-component PMMA system|| 2021-October-30 }}</span>, and
<li>{{hilite | must not be used where movement is expected|| 2021-February-7 }}.
</ol></li>
</ol></li>

::{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+ {{hilite | <small>Figure 12.3.2.-B (Click to expand)</small>|| 2021-February-7 }}
|-
| [[File:Figure 12.3.-B (Generic).jpg |class=img-responsive | link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/7/75/Figure_12.3.-B_%28Generic%29.jpg | 400 px]]
|}

====12.3.2.7. Railings, Ladders, and Other Attached Structures====
(See also Construction Detail [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=SBS_11.3.4_Guardrails SBS 12.3.6 Guardrails])

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Fasteners installed to secure railings, ladders, and other structures to the vertical face of walls must be located at least 88.9 mm (3-1/2") above the ''drainage plane''.</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Railings, ladders, and other structures mounted on a waterproofed horizontal substrate that is part of the ''roof assembly'' (i.e., on top of a parapet) shall be fully flashed around each base with a fleece-reinforced liquid membrane flashing material, unless directed otherwise by a written Variance issued by the '''''Guarantor''''', using a product that is 
<ol>
<li>suitable for use in the ''drainage plane'', 
<li>applied in keeping with the requirements in [[#12.3.2.6. Liquid Membrane Flashing | Article 12.3.2.6.]], and 
<li>compatible with roofing membranes installed on the substrate.</span>
</li></ol>
<li>Railings, ladders, and other structures shall not direct water into a ''roof system'' by means of weep holes or the method of fastening.
</li></ol>

====<span style="background:#FFFACD">12.3.2.8. Sealant Pockets</span>====

<ol>
<li><span class="recommended">Pourable sealant pockets should be used only when sealing penetration with sheet membranes or reinforced liquid membrane flashing is impractical</span>.
<li>{{hilite | Sealant pockets must be|| 2020-July-3 }} 
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | at least 50.8 mm (2”) deep|| 2020-July-3 }}, and
<li>{{hilite | large enough to provide at least 25.4 mm (1”) of fillable space on all sides of the penetration|| 2020-July-3 }}.
</li></ol>
<li>When pourable sealant pockets are installed, 
<ol>
<li>the penetration surfaces must be properly prepared following the sealant manufacturer’s instructions, {{hilite | to ensure a good bond between the penetration and the sealant|| 2020-July-3 }},
<li>only the membrane manufacturer’s approved proprietary UV-stable urethane-based structural sealants may be used to fill sealant pockets,
<li>the sealant must be crowned to shed water,
<li>the sealant pocket shall be sealed to the roof membrane following requirements published elsewhere in this Standard, and
<li>a site-formed non-bituminous flexible roof membrane storm collar must be fitted and secured to the penetration with stainless steel clamps.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

<hr>
<div id=PART_13></div>

=Part 13 - Linear Metal Flashing=
==Section 13.1. Design==
===13.1.1. General===
====13.1.1.1. Scope====

<ol>
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
</li></ol>

====13.1.1.2. Definitions====

<ol>
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].  Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part: 
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">''Drip edge'' means the bent (kicked-out) hemmed edge of a linear metal flashing, measuring at least 19.05 mm (3/4") and angled no more than 30° from vertical ("Architectural Sheet Metal Manual" published by the Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association, Inc. (SMACNA), Sixth Ed.: p. 2.3); it is used to direct dripping water away from the face of the metal flashing or the materials it is protecting, such as a wall. A drip edge may be fabricated on any linear metal flashing but is commonly used on coping (parapet cap) and counter-flashing (also see the Glossary for a colloquial use of the term).</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">''Hemmed edge'' means an edge of a ''linear metal flashing'' that is folded onto itself (bent 180°), to render a smooth (not raw or sharp) finish (this is sometimes referred to as a "safety edge").</span>
<li>''Linear metal flashing'' means a metal flashing fashioned from sheet metal, affixed to the roof assembly, and designed to divert water away from the membrane flashing termination, usually onto the primary waterproofing or water-shedding surface. ''Linear metal flashing'' also protects the membrane from weathering and damage, and provide an aesthetic finish to the ''roof system''.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===13.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====13.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====13.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and shall
<ol>
<li>include only ''linear metal flashings'' fabricated from 24-guage stock (or thicker).
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===13.1.3. All Systems===
====13.1.3.1. Scope and Function====
(See also the "Architectural Sheet Metal Manual" published by the Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association, Inc. (SMACNA))

<ol>
<li>''Linear metal flashings'' described in this Part and referenced elsewhere in this Standard
<ol>
<li>are considered necessary and integral to the scope of a ''project'' designed and constructed to qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''',
<li>do not perform a waterproofing function and therefore must be specified for use over membrane flashing, or designed to shed water onto a waterproofing or water-shedding primary material,
<li>shall be new (reuse of any existing ''linear metal flashings'' is prohibited and may void the '''''Guarantee''''' (See [[Guarantee#3.2.1.2._Limitations_and_Exclusions_of_Guarantee | Division A, Article 3.2.1.2., "Limitations and Exclusions of Guarantee"]]), and
<li>shall be ''Contractor''-fabricated to suit the ''project'' requirements or shall be listed in [[Division_C | Division C]] as materials pre-engineered and manufactured by a metal supplier.
</li></ol>
<li>The requirements in this Part apply almost entirely to ''Contractor''-fabricated linear metal flashings; consequently, RoofStar-accepted pre-engineered products accepted as systems are exempt from the requirements in this Part for metal gauge, profile, and securement, unless expressly stated otherwise.
<li>''Linear metal flashings''
<ol>
<li>must be specified when UV-sensitive membranes require protection, or when membrane edges will otherwise be exposed to the sun, to water, or to physical damage, and
<li><span class="principles">may be specified to cover ''parapet'' caps, sleepers, or curbs</span> 
<ol>
<li><span class="principles">for aesthetic reasons</span>, or
<li><span class="principles">to protect the membrane from damage resulting from maintenance (i.e., pressure washing of decks or pavers), or from foot traffic</span>.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====13.1.3.2. Information Required in Specifications====

<ol>
<li>{{hilite | Subject to the requirements in this Standard,|| 2021-February-7 }} the ''Design Authority'' must specify
<ol>
<li>metal type, finish, and gauge,
<li>seam types,
<li>length of flashings (if different from the requirements in this Part), and
<li>method of attachment (concealed or exposed fasteners).
</li></ol>
<li>Design drawings must detail metal flashing profiles desired for the ''project''.
</li></ol>

====13.1.3.3. Securement====

<ol>
<li>Securement of all ''linear metal flashings'' shall be specified in keeping with the application requirements in [[#13.3.2.1. General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing | Article 13.3.2.1.]]
</li></ol>

====13.1.3.4. Gauge, Dimension Limitations, and Seams====

<ol>
<li>Gauge, dimensions, slope, and length of ''linear metal flashings'' must be specified to conform to the requirements in Table 13.1.-A and [[#13.2.1.2. Sheet Metal Grade and Gauge | Article 13.2.1.2.]], but shall not be less than 26-Gauge.
<li>Specified seam types shall conform to the requirements in Table 13.1.-B and [[#13.3.2.2. Seams | Article 13.3.2.2.]]
</li></ol>
:{|  class="wikitable" style="margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: auto;border-color:#E7E9E9;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  
|+ <small>Table 13.1.-A  Pre-finished Galvanized Steel Cap (Coping) Flashing (Gauge and Length Standards)</small>
|-
! Horizontal Span !! Minimum<br>Slope !! Gauge !! Maximum Flashing<br>Segment Length !! Seam Options
|-
|  rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"   | Up to 304.8 mm (12") || rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"   | 2% || 26, 24 || rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"   | 3048 mm (120")|| S-lock or Standing Seam
|-
|  22+ || Butt Seams*
|-
|  rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"   | 304.8 - 914.4 mm (12" to 36") || rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"   | 4% || 24 || rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"   | 3048 mm (120")|| S-lock or Standing Seam
|-
|  22+ || Butt Seams*
|-
|  rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"   | 914.4 mm or greater || rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"   | 6% || 24 || rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"   | 1219.2 mm (48")|| S-lock or Standing Seam
|-
|  22+ || Butt Seams*
|}
::''*'' Ref. [[#13.3.2.2. Seams | Article 13.3.2.2., ''Seams'']]

:{|  class="wikitable" style="margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: auto;border-color:#E7E9E9;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  
|+ <small>Table 13.1.-B  Pre-finished Galvanized Steel Vertical Flashing (Gauge and Length Standards)</small>
|-
! Vertical Face !! Gauge!! Maximum Flashing<br>Segment Length !! Vertical Seam Options
|-
| Up to 152.4 mm (6") || 26 || 3048 mm (120") || S-lock
|-
| Up to 203.2 mm (8") || 24 || 3048 mm (120") || S-lock
|-
| Up to 304.8 mm (12") || 22+ || 3048 mm (120") || Butt Seams*
|}
::''*'' Ref. [[#13.3.2.2. Seams | Article 13.3.2.2., ''Seams'']]

====13.1.3.5. Fit and Finish====

<ol>
<li>Fit and finish of all ''linear metal flashings'' shall conform to the requirements in [[#13.2.2. Fabrication and Finish | Subsection 13.2.2.]]
<li><span class="recommended">''Drip edges'' are not required but are strongly recommended for ''linear metal flashings'' installed around the outside perimeter of a building, to protect ''wall'' finishes</span>  (Ref. [[#13.2.2.1. Fabrication of Flashing | Article 13.2.2.1.]] for fabrication requirements).
</li></ol>

====13.1.3.6. Cap Flashing, Counter-flashing, and Reglet Flashing====

<ol>
<li>When the top surface of a ''wall'' exceeds 101.6 mm (4") in width, linear metal coping (cap) flashing must be specified with a minimum slope of 2% toward the roof-side of the parapet, to promote drainage (<span class="recommended">drainage toward the exterior of a building is <u>not recommended</u></span>).
<li>All metal cap (coping) flashing must be designed with full, solid support.
<li>When the specified cap flashing material is thicker or heavier than 18-gauge steel or aluminum, or it exceeds the permissible weight or gauge ranges for copper or zinc flashings, the seam and securement design must be submitted to the '''''Guarantor''''' for review prior to tender (See [[#13.3.2.2. Seams | Article 13.3.2.2.]] concerning flat butt seams).
</li></ol>

====13.1.3.7. Intersections with Other Assemblies====

<ol>
<li>Where a ''parapet'' intersects with a ''wall'', the union must be designed to direct water to the roof, away from the outer surface of the ''wall'', using a metal saddle assembly in combination with the membrane requirements in [[#10.3.4.1. Parapets | Article 10.3.4.1.]] (Ref. [[#13.3.2.3. Cap Flashing, Counter-flashing, and Reglet Flashing | Article 13.3.2.3.]]).
</ol></li>

==Section 13.2. Materials==
(Ref. [[Guarantee#3.2.1.2._Limitations_and_Exclusions_of_Guarantee | Division A, Article 3.2.1.2.]] concerning limitations and exclusions for metal flashing.)

===13.2.1. Material Properties===
====13.2.1.1. Manufacturing and Supply====

<ol>
<li>{{hilite | ''Linear metal flashings'' must be new, manufactured and supplied by the ''Contractor'' or by an Associate Member of the RCABC, and must conform to the requirements published in this Part.|| 2022-February-5 }}
</ol></li>

====13.2.1.2. Sheet Metal Grade and Gauge====

<ol>
<li>A mill certificate must be provided by the ''Contractor'' when requested by the ''Design Authority''.
<li>The following minimum gauges and/or weights of <u>sheet steel materials</u> apply to all ''linear metal flashings'' (the reference standard for gauges is USS REV (metric in mm)):
<ol>
<li>'''Galvanized steel''': minimum  0.50 mm (0.0196", 26-gauge) galvanized steel sheet, conforming to ASTM A653 / A653M-06 CS Type B, Z275 (G90) coating. Thickness tolerance as per ASTM A924/A924M-06 ±0.08 mm (0.003") for sheet widths not exceeding 1524 mm (60").
<li>'''Stainless Steel''': minimum 0.38 mm (0.014", 28-gauge) stainless steel, Type 302, 304, 316, 2B finish to ASTM A167-82. Maximum thickness tolerance variation ± 0.04 mm (0.0015") based on 1219.2 mm (48") wide sheet. 
<li>'''Aluminum-Zinc alloy-coated steel''': minimum 0.50 mm (0.0196", 26-gauge) aluminum-zinc alloy coated steel sheet, conforming to ASTM A792/A792M-06 CS Type B, AZM150 (AZ50) coating. Thickness tolerance as per ASTM A924/A924M-06 ±0.08 mm (0.003") for sheet widths not exceeding 1524 mm (60").
</li></ol>
<li>The following minimum gauges and/or weights of <u>non-ferrous materials</u> apply to all ''linear metal flashings'':
<ol>
<li>'''Aluminum''': minimum 0.80 mm (0.032", 20-gauge) aluminum sheet, utility quality to CSA HA Series - 1975, plain or embossed finish. Maximum thickness tolerance variation ± 0.06 mm (0.0025") based on 1219.2 mm (48") wide sheet.
<li>'''Copper''': minimum 0.56 mm (24-gauge; 0.0216", 16 oz.) copper sheet, cold rolled roofing copper to ASTM B370-81. Maximum thickness tolerance variation ± 0.09 mm (0.0035") based on 1219.2 mm (48") wide sheet.
<li>'''Zinc''': minimum 0.80 mm (0.031") zinc Sheet conforming to European standard EN 988-1996. Maximum thickness tolerance variation ± 0.03 mm (0.0012").
</li></ol>
<li>{{hilite | Where a ''waterproofing system'' adjoins and "Architectural Sheet Metal System", ''linear metal flashings'' must be fabricated from 24-gauge steel stock|| 2021-June-30 }}.
</li></ol>

====13.2.1.3. Fasteners====

<ol>
<li>{{hilite | Fasteners must be|| 2021-June-30 }} 
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | specified by the ''Design Authority'',|| 2021-June-30 }} 
<li>{{hilite | appropriately sized, in both length and thread type, for the material to which they will be secured|| 2021-June-30 }}, and
<li>{{hilite | No. 8 corrosion-resistant screws or expansion fasteners with low-profile heads|| 2021-June-30 }},
</li></ol>
<li>{{hilite | When pre-engineered ''linear metal flashing systems'' are specified, fasteners provided by the manufacturer must be used|| 2022-February-5 }}.
<li>Cladding fasteners (screws) with gasketed washers, used as exposed fasteners for ''linear metal flashings'', must be No. 8 or larger, and must be made of metal compatible with, and corresponding in colour to, the flashing material.
<li>{{hilite | Sealed blind rivets are acceptable for securing two ''linear metal flashings'' together|| 2021-June-30 }}.
<li>{{hilite | Nails are not acceptable as fasteners|| 2021-June-30 }}.
</li></ol>

====13.2.1.4. Sealants====

<ol>
<li>Sealants shall be 
<ol>
<li>non-hardening high quality butyl or polyurethane,
<li>available in either gun grade or sealant tape form,
<li>suitable for exterior use and able to resist the effects of weathering, and
<li>compatible with, and able to adhere to, the materials to which they are applied.
</ol></li>
<li>Sealants shall conform to
<ol>
<li>CGSB 19-GP-5M, “Sealing Compound, One Component, Acrylic Base, Solvent Curing”,
<li>CAN / CGSB-19.13, “Sealing Compound, One Component, Elastomeric, Chemical Curing”,
<li>CGSB 19-GP-14M, “Sealing Compound, One Component, Butyl-Polyisobutylene Polymer Base, Solvent Curing”, or
<li>CAN / CGSB-19.24, “Multi-Component, Chemical Curing Sealing Compound”.
</ol></li>
</ol></li>

===13.2.2. Fabrication and Finish===
====13.2.2.1. Fabrication of Flashing====

<ol>
<li>Linear metal flashings must be new, must conform to the requirements published in this Part, and shall be manufactured and supplied 
<ol>
<li>by the ''Contractor'',
<li>for the ''Contractor'' by another ''Contractor'' (RCABC Member), or 
<li>by an ''Associate Member'' of the RCABC.
</ol></li>
<li>Unless expressly accepted otherwise, all linear metal flashing fabricated by the ''Contractor'' shall conform to the requirements in this Part.
<li>Specified drip edges must be broken (bent) outward from the face of the flashing by at least 30°, and shall measure at least 19.05 mm (3/4”), extending from the break.
<li>All ''linear metal flashing'', except those that are pre-engineered and expressly accepted by the RGC,
<ol>
<li>must be hemmed, 
<li>shall conform to the minimum requirements in Tables 13.1.-A, 
<li>shall incorporate seams conforming to the requirements in Table 13.1.-B, and
<li>may not exceed the maximum length of 3000 mm (120”).
</ol></li>
<li>{{hilite |The vertical leg of any metal flashing that overlaps roofing material must be at least 76.2 mm (3") in height, exclusive of the drip or hemmed edge, when measured between each break|| 2021-June-30 }}.
<li>Metal edge flashing must be fabricated with
<ol>
<li>a flange measuring no less than 101.6 mm (4") in width,
<li>a vertical drop and hemmed drip edge at least 50.8 mm (2"), and (When transitioning to a lower ''water-shedding systems''), and
<li>a sloped drop of no less than 101.6 mm (4").
</ol></li>
<li>Metal edge flashing may be constructed with or without an upstand at the outside edge (Edge flashing intended as a drainage edge may perform best without an upstand).
</ol></li>

====13.2.2.2. Pre-painted Finishes====

<ol>
<li>When a painted finish on ''linear metal flashing'' is specified, only SMP and PVDF pre-painted finishes are acceptable.
<li>Where ''Architectural Metal Roofing'' is installed, adjoining ''linear metal flashing'' must have the same finish as the metal panels.
</ol></li>

==Section 13.3. Application==
===13.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====13.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====13.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and shall
<ol>
<li>utilize only (minimum) 24-gauge ''linear metal flashing'' material.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===13.3.2. All Systems===
====13.3.2.1. General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing====

<ol>
<li>{{hilite | RoofStar-accepted pre-engineered securement ''systems'' must be secured according to the ''manufacturer’s'' specifications|| 2022-February-5 }}.
<li>All ''linear metal flashing'' installed over an organic substrate (i.e., wood) shall be separated from the substrate with a suitable separation material (i.e., self-adhered bituminous membrane used as eave protection in a ''water-shedding roof system'').
<li>Unless otherwise provided for in this Part, mechanical fasteners used to secure ''linear metal flashing''
<ol>
<li>shall be spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12”) O.C.,
<li>must penetrate the substrate as specified in [[#3.3.2.1. Securing Systems with Mechanical Fasteners | Article 3.3.2.1.]], and
<li>must be installed at least 88.9 mm (3-1/2") above the ''finished roof system surface''.
</li></ol>
<li>Where hidden metal clips are required, they must
<ol>
<li>be at least 24-gauge,
<li>be fastened as close to the bottom edge (hook) as practical but must not be fastened further than a maximum of 76.2 mm (3") from the bottom edge (hook), and
<li>engage drip or safety edges by a minimum of 12.7 mm (12").
</li></ol>
<li>'''Continuous concealed clips''' must be attached with fasteners spaced nor more than 304.8 mm (12") O.C.
<li>'''Discontinuous concealed clips''' must
<ol>
<li>consist of a single clip, centred between the seams of each length of metal flashing,
<li>measure at least 1/3 of the length of flashing it will secure but shall not be less than 101.6 mm (4") in length, and
<li>be fastened with screws spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12") O.C.
</li></ol>
<li>Canted edge metal flashing may be mechanically fastened from the outside face but shall not face-fastened on the roof side of the flashing.
<li>Sealants must be tooled to positively shed water.
</li></ol>

====<span style="background:#FFFACD">13.3.2.2. Seams</span>====
(The requirements in [[#13.3.2.1. General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing | Article 13.3.2.1., "General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing"]], shall be read together with the following requirements.  See also [[#13.1.3.4. Gauge, Dimension Limitations, and Seams | Article 13.1.3.4.]])

<ol>
<li>{{hilite | RoofStar-accepted pre-engineered ''linear metal flashing'' may be joined together using seams specified for the accepted flashing|| 2022-February-5 }}.
<li>{{hilite | All ''linear metal flashing'' that is not pre-engineered must be seamed together following the requirements set out in this Article|| 2022-February-5 }}.
<li>All seams must allow for metal expansion and contraction.
<li>The seam and securement design must be approved by the '''''Guarantor''''' when the specified cap flashing material
<ol>
<li>is steel or aluminum, and the material is thicker or heavier than 18-gauge, or
<li>is copper and zinc, and the material thickness or weight exceeds the weight or gauge requirements in [[#13.2.1.2. Sheet Metal Grade and Gauge | Article 13.2.1.2.]]
</li></ol>
<li>{{hilite | All ''linear metal flashing'' that is not pre-engineered must be seamed together following the requirements set out in this Article|| 2022-February-5 }}.
<li>{{hilite | '''Straight (linear) joints''' between lengths of ''linear metal flashing'' must be fully seamed using only an S-lock (Figure 13.3.2.-A) or Standing Seam (Figure 13.3.2.-B), but this requirement does not apply to|| 2021-October-30 }}
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | flashing fashioned from 22-gauge metal (or heavier)|| 2021-October-30 }}, or
<li>{{hilite | the vertical face of any flashing that is concealed by a ''wall assembly'', counter-flashing, or equipment flange, in which case the vertical joint may be lap-seamed, provided the overlap|| 2021-October-30 }}
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | is no less than 101.6 mm (4”) when fully caulked in the lap|| 2021-October-30 }}, or
<li>{{hilite | is no less than 152.4 mm (6”) when installed without caulking in the lap.|| 2021-October-30 }}
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
<li>The top face (horizontal plane) of flashings that intersect at a corner (i.e., coping flashing) must be joined with a standing seam.
<li>Where drip edges meet at an outside corner, the cut edges of the mitred joint must be mechanically connected (Closed with a "rat tail").
<li>When the face of vertically-oriented flashing forms an '''outside corner''', and the height of the flashing
<ol>
<li>is greater than 101.6 mm (4”), the two flashings must be joined using only a standing seam.
<li>is 101.6 mm (4”) or less, the two flashings must be joined using
<ol>
<li>a standing seam,
<li>an S-lock, or
<li>a lap joint, but the drip edges must be mechanically connected (Closed with a "rat tail").
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
<li>When the face of vertically-oriented flashing forms an '''inside corner''', and the height of the flashing
<ol>
<li>is greater than 101.6 mm (4”), the two flashings must be joined using only a standing seam.
<li>is 101.6 mm (4”) or less, the two flashings must be joined using
<ol>
<li>a standing seam, or
<li>a flat overlapped seam.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
<li>Sealant applied to S-lock or standing seams is not a requirement in this Standard, but when it is specified
<ol>
<li>the sealant must be applied along the full length of the seam, and
<li>any sealant that extrudes from the seam during the seaming process must be removed and discarded (See [[#1.3.2.2. Workmanship | Article 1.3.2.2., "Workmanship"]]).
</li></ol>
<li>'''Standing seams''' must incorporate clips when the seam is longer than 101.6 mm (4”), and the clips must be
<ol>
<li>fabricated from flat metal stock 24-gauge or heavier,
<li>at least 38.1 mm (1-1/2”) wide,
<li>spaced apart from each other no more than 203.2 mm (8”) O.C., 
<li>embedded in an acceptable sealant, and
<li>secured with at least 2 acceptable low-profile flat head screws.
</li></ol>
<li>'''S-locked seams''' must be secured through flashing tab (leaf) with at least one (1) acceptable low-profile flat head screw when the seam is longer than 101.6 mm (4”), but fasteners must not be spaced more than 203.2 mm (8”) O.C.
<li>'''Flat butt seams''' 
<ol>
<li>are permissible only for cap (coping) flashings, and only when the flashing is fabricated from steel or aluminum ranging in thickness from 22-Gauge to 18-Gauge (the same applies to the equivalents for copper and zinc sheet material, by gauge or weight), and
<li>must have a hemmed front edge fabricated to hook onto a supporting saddle.
</li></ol>
<li>The saddle for flat butt seams must be
<ol>
<li>manufactured from the same material as the flashing,
<li>formed to match the profile of the cap flashing,
<li>fabricated with a hook along the front face,
<li>secured to the parapet with screws,
<li>installed to underlap the butt joint by at least 101.6 mm (4”) on either side,
<li>seated in two parallel beads of un-tooled sealant or butyl tape, which must be applied between the saddle and flashing, on either side of the butt joint, to all three adjoining faces, and
<li>secured to the cap flashing along both faces of the parapet (See [[#13.3.2.1. General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing | Article 13.3.2.1.]]).
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
<div class="col-md-12">
<div class="col-md-2">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+<small>Figure 13.3.2.-A (Click to expand)</small>
|-
| [[File:MF 13.3.1-1.2 (S-Lock, Double).jpg |class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/2/21/MF_13.3.1-1.2_%28S-Lock%2C_Double%29.jpg| 250 px | 13.3.1]]
|}
</div>
<div class="col-md-2">
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+<small>Figure 13.3.2.-B (Click to expand)</small>
|-
| [[File:MF 13.3.1-1.1 (Standing Seam).jpg | class=img-responsive | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/9/99/MF_13.3.1-1.1_%28Standing_Seam%29.jpg | 250 px | 13.3.2]]
|}
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-12">
<br>
</div>

====<span style="background:#FFFACD">13.3.2.3. Cap Flashing, Counter-flashing, and Reglet Flashing</span>====
(The requirements in [[#13.3.2.1. General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing | Article 13.3.2.1., "General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing"]], shall be read together with the following requirements)

<ol>
<li>Cap (coping) flashings must be 
<ol>
<li>fully supported by a substrate,
<li>secured on the outside face with hidden clips (exposed fasteners are not permitted),
<li>secured on the inside face with a hidden clip, or with cladding fasteners, and
<li>joined using standing seams or S-locks, wherever the flashing face is exposed to the weather, unless otherwise provided for in this Part (See also [[#13.3.2.1. General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing | Article 13.3.2.1.]]).
</li></ol>
<li>Fasteners used to secure any cap, counter, or base flashing must be evenly spaced between seams along each length of flashing, and shall be
<ol>
<li>no fewer than three (3) fasteners for every 3048 mm (120") length of metal flashing, or
<li>two (2) fasteners for every 2438.4 mm (96") length of metal flashing.
</li></ol>
<li>When cap (coping) flashings span widths greater than 304.8 mm (12”), and a flat butt seam is specified, the cap flashing must be riveted to the saddle to ensure adequate securement, and the rivets must be no further apart than 203.2 mm (8”).
<li>Parapets that intersect a wall must be flashed with a metal saddle flashing, as shown in the "Construction Details for Linear Metal Flashings" ([[Division_D | Division D]]).
<li>When the outside face of a cap flashing is concealed by a wall assembly, only the outside face may be lap-seamed, provided the overlap is no less than 101.6 mm (4”) and the overlapping metal is embedded in mastic.
<li>Counter-flashing must be secured to the vertical face, with fasteners or a reglet.
<li>Counter-flashing and termination bars installed as primary securement or protection of membrane flashing 
<ol>
<li>must be hemmed at the top edge and bent (broken) outward from the face of the wall by at least 45°, to form a groove for sealant (The hem shall measure at least 15.88 mm (5/8”) when measured from the break),
<li>shall be attached to the substrate with fasteners spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12”) O.C., and
<li>must be sealed along the top groove with a continuous bead of acceptable sealant, tooled to shed water away from the wall.
</li></ol>
<li>A second counter-flashing (to cover a term bar or primary counter-flashing)
<ol>
<li>applied as a “surface reglet” must be hemmed, broken, and sealed, as described above in this Article, and
<li>must be secured with fasteners spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12”) O.C., but this spacing may be increased to no more than 609.6 mm (24”) O.C., provided the flashing maintains continuous contact with the substrate (See [[#13.3.2.1. General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing | Article 13.3.2.1.]]).
</li></ol>
<li>Base flashings
<ol>
<li>must “kick out” minimum 50.8 mm (2") over insulation and filter fabric (filter fabric must be tucked up behind the base flashing),
<li>must be secured with fasteners spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12”) O.C., and
<li><span class="recommended">may be fashioned as one piece, or as a 2-piece flashing that includes a lower, detachable segment to facilitate roof maintenance</span>.
</li></ol>
<li>''Linear metal flashing'' secured in a ''reglet'' (cut groove) must be
<ol>
<li>installed above the membrane flashing,
<li>inserted at least 12.7 mm (1/2”),
<li>friction-fitted within the ''reglet'' or secured on the exposed face with an acceptable fastener, and
<li>sealed with a continuous bead of tooled gunnable sealant.
</li></ol>
<li>Where parallel and overlapping reglet flashings are used, the joints between flashing segments must be offset by at least 304.8 mm (12”), except at corners.
</li></ol>

====13.3.2.4. Metal Edge Terminations====

<ol>
<li>Metal edge terminations (including "gravel stop" flashings) are integrated into the membrane ''system'' and therefore shall be installed to conform to [[#10.3.4.2. Low Profile Edges | Article 10.3.4.2.]]
</li></ol>

====13.3.2.5. Canted Edges====

<ol>
<li>Metal flashings on canted edges must be face-fastened on the exterior face of the flashing or, when the height of the canted edge permits, at least 88.9 mm (3-1/2”) above the drainage plane.
<li>Flashing must be secured with cladding fasteners, evenly spaced between seams along each length of flashing, using no fewer than
<ol>
<li>three (3) fasteners for every 3048 mm (120") length of metal flashing, or
<li>two (2) fasteners for every 2438.4 mm (96") length of metal flashing.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

<hr>
<div id=PART_14></div>

=Part 14 - The Roof as a Platform=
==Section 14.1. Design==
(This Part covers the design and installation requirements for roofs that support an ''overburden'', which may be structurally supported or directly supported by the ''roof assembly'')

(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-14.1. | Note A-14.1.]])

===14.1.1. General===
====14.1.1.1. Scope====

<ol>
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
</li></ol>

====14.1.1.2. Definitions====

<ol>
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].  Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part: 
<ol>
<li>''Roof Coverings'' means (without limitation) gravel, wearing surfaces, ''Vegetated Roof Systems'', pavers, cast-in-place concrete, rubberized surfaces, broadly covering and directly superimposed on the ''roof assembly''.
<li>''Structures and Equipment'' means structurally supported or portable objects including (without limitation) wood or composite decks and walkways, planters, "amenity spaces" (inclusive of furnishings, hot tubs, gazebos, pergolas, and play areas), nets and wind screens, photovoltaics, satellite equipment, light standards, lightning rods, sculptures, pools, and other water features.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

===14.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====14.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====14.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee'''''.
</li></ol>

===14.1.3. All Systems===
====14.1.3.1. Coverage and Limitations====

<ol>
<li>Coverage under the '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' shall be as described in [[Guarantee#3.2.1.2._Limitations_and_Exclusions_of_Guarantee | Division A, Article 3.2.1.2.]]
</li></ol>

====14.1.3.2. Loads====

<ol>
<li>The building structure must be designed to support any live loads specified by the Code having jurisdiction, including loads from any covering, amenity space, structure, or live loads superimposed upon the ''roof system''.
<li>Roof assemblies 
<ol>
<li>must be designed as a ''protected roof system'' when they cannot support the superimposed loads described above (See also [[#8.1.4.1. Use Over Sensitive Materials and Systems | Article 8.1.4.1.]]).
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="recommended">should be designed as a ''protected roof system'' when the ''roof covering'' or living (amenity) space</span> </span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="recommended">exceeds 152.4 mm (6”) in depth (excluding any plants)</span>,</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="recommended">is an intensive or semi-intensive ''Vegetated Roof System''</span>,</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="recommended">includes cast-in-place concrete surface</span>,</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="recommended">is installed over a podium roof area adjacent to residential high-rise structures</span>,</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="recommended">includes water features or pools</span>, or</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="recommended">includes expansive terrace areas or play spaces</span>.</span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
<li><span class="principles">Structural supports (i.e., curbs) should be considered to bear heavier dead loads, to resist ''Specified Wind Loads'', or to secure the equipment during seismic events</span>.
</li></ol>

====14.1.3.3. Securement of Roof Coverings, Structures, and Equipment====

<ol>
<li>The ''Design Authority'' is responsible to specify the appropriate securement design of roof coverings, structures, and equipment, to resist ''Specified Wind Loads''.
<li>Where structural securement is desirable or required, 
<ol>
<li>structural supports must be fully waterproofed (curbs, sleepers, posts) and 
<li>the superimposed structure or equipment must be secured to the structural support at least 203.2 mm (8”) above the ''drainage plane''  (See [[#Part 12 - Penetrations and Curbs | Part 12,"Penetrations and Curbs"]], and [[#Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly | Part 3, "Securing the Roof Assembly"]]).
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====14.1.3.4. Design for Repairs and Renewal====

<ol>
<li><span class="principles">Each design should, without limitation, include consideration for</span>
 <ol>
<li><span class="principles">the inevitability of roof repairs or replacement,</span>
<li><span class="principles">access for maintenance</span>, and
<li><span class="principles">material removal, storage, and replacement logistics</span>.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====14.1.3.5. Roof Membranes====

<ol>
<li>Membranes must be selected for their ability to resist accidental puncture by human activity on the roof; the minimum puncture resistance must be at least 400 N (See Table 9.1. in [[#9.2.1.1. Membrane Composition, Thickness, and Selection | Article 9.2.1.1.]]).
</li></ol>

====14.1.3.6. Membrane Protection====

<ol>
<li>Membranes must be protected from damage incurred 
<ol>
<li>during the construction of a building,
<li>from normal use and occupancy of the roof, and
<li>from maintenance of any installation on top of a ''roof system'', after the building has been commissioned.
</li></ol>
<li><span class="recommended">To prevent accidental damage and puncture from falling objects, ''conventional insulated systems'' at elevations lower than those designed for human occupancy should include a protective wearing course or, in the alternative, should be designed as a ''protected roof system''</span>.
<li>Where membranes installed on vertical surfaces may be damaged from foot traffic or shifting coverings, they must be protected (i.e., with base metal flashing; ref. [[#13.1.3.6. Cap Flashing, Counter-flashing, and Reglet Flashing | Article 13.1.3.6.]]).
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====14.1.3.7. Membrane Integrity Testing and Electronic Leak Detection====
(See [[#1.1.3.3. Membrane Integrity Testing | Article 1.1.3.3.]] and [[#1.1.3.4. Electronic Leak Detection | Article 1.1.3.4.]])

====14.1.3.8. Drainage====

<ol>
<li>Roofs designed as platforms to support ''roof coverings'', amenity spaces, or equipment must promote unimpeded drainage of storm or irrigation water.
<li>Where a ''roof covering'' material naturally drains (i.e., gravel), no additional drainage design is required, but when it does not naturally drain, the design must incorporate a ''drainage plane'' on top of the completed ''roof system''.
<li>''Overburden'' must be contained with drain guards, rigid barriers, and filter fabric (See also [[#11.3.2.3. Drain Protection Against Blockage | Article 11.3.2.3.]]).
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">To facilitate the adequate movement of water and minimize or prevent damming when non-structural supports are oriented perpendicular to (across) the direction of drainage, the design must</span>
<ol>
<li>specify shorter supports, to a maximum length of 1219.2 mm (48"), and
<li>incorporate drainage mats beneath supports longer than 1219.2 mm (48") in any direction.
</li></ol>
<li>Equipment installed on structural supports, or on top of the ''roof system'', must be spaced or located to promote access to drains, ease of maintenance, and worker or occupant safety.
</li></ol>

====14.1.3.9. Filter Fabric====

<ol>
<li>Filter fabrics are required when the roof supports
<ol>
<li>growing media and vegetation,
<li>sand and other fine materials,
<li>gravel with a diameter less than 12.7 mm (1/2”),
<li>wet mortar or concrete, or
<li>XPS insulation above the membrane (See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-14.1.3.9. | Note A-14.1.3.9.]]).
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====14.1.3.10. Gravel====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-14.1.3.10. | Note A-14.1.3.10.]])

<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"> When gravel is specified as the ''roof covering'' (different from ballast),</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"> only washed gravel may be used,</span> and
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"> the design must include gravel guards around roof drains</span>.
</li></ol>
<li>When the gravel used as a roof covering is crushed, or is smaller than 12.7 mm (1/2”),
<ol>
<li>a geotextile protection layer must be installed immediately above the roof membrane, and
<li>the gravel must be deep enough to hold the geotextile protection layer in place.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====14.1.3.11. Wearing Surfaces====
(See also [[#9.1.3.4. Membrane Protection | Article 9.1.3.4.]] concerning wearing surfaces and drainage requirements)

<ol>
<li>Any wearing surface may be installed on an ''uninsulated'' or ''conventionally insulated system'', provided
<ol>
<li>the compressive strength of the insulation will support it,
<li>insulation is covered with a suitable overlay (See [[#8.1.4.1. Use Over Sensitive Materials and Systems | Article 8.1.4.1.]]),
<li>the wearing surface does not bond with or touch the roof field membrane or membrane flashing, and
<li>drainage of storm or irrigation water is not impeded.
</li></ol>
<li>When a wearing surface is specified,
<ol>
<li>it must incorporate measures to protect the roof membrane from damage,
<li>perimeter membranes and penetrations must be protected from abrasion by the wearing surface,
<li>the design must provide a drainage space below the wearing surface measuring at least 12.7 mm (1/2”) in depth, and
<li>the design must provide a vertical drainage gap between the wearing surface and any openings.
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">When cast-in-place concrete is specified as the wearing surface</span> <span style="background:#D8BFD8">(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-14.1.3.11. | Note A-14.1.3.11.]])</span>, the design must conform to the other requirements in this Article, and the concrete must be separated from the membrane with
<ol>
<li>a bond-breaking material, such as a proprietary drainage mat or XPS insulation, and
<li>filter fabric or a barrier material acceptable to the membrane manufacturer, able to prevent the concrete slurry from reaching the membrane.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====14.1.3.12. Vegetated Roof Systems====

<ol>
<li>''Vegetated Roof Systems'' (VRS) must be designed to resist the ''Specified Wind Loads'', determined using the [https://nrc.canada.ca/en/research-development/products-services/software-applications/wind-load-calculators-roof-cladding-vegetated-roof-assembly ''Wind Load Calculator for Vegetated Roof Assembly''] or, in the alternative, another method that is its equal or superior, for buildings up to 20 m (65') in height (Ref. [[#3.3.2.3. Securing Roofs with Overburden | Article 3.3.2.3.]]).
<li>Where a ''Vegetated Roof Systems'' is specified as ballast, it may be installed by someone other than the ''Contractor'', but the coordination of work between the ''Contractor'' and other trades must be specified by the ''Design Authority'' to ensure the ''roof system'' is immediately and properly secured.
<li>''Conventionally insulated systems'' may be used to support any type of ''Vegetated Roof System'', provided
<ol>
<li>the compressive strength of the insulation will support it,
<li>the insulation in the ''roof system'' is overlaid with a suitable insulation overlay (See [[#8.1.4.1. Use Over Sensitive Materials and Systems | Article 8.1.4.1.]]),
<li>the membrane manufacturer is agreeable to the application and is confident the membrane can withstand the anticipated hydrostatic pressures when the ''Vegetated Roof System'' is fully saturated with water, and
<li>the membrane is fully adhered.
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="recommended">''Semi-intensive'' and ''Intensive Vegetated Roof Systems'' should be designed as part of a ''Protected Membrane Roof System''</span>.</span>
<li>Every roof that supports a ''Vegetated Roof System'' must include, in addition to a drainage layer and membrane protection, a
<ol>
<li>full-coverage root barrier, and
<li>filter fabric layer.
</li></ol>
<li><span class="principles">''Vegetated Roof Systems'' that are built in place should be designed with an additional layer of protection immediately below the growing media and above the rest of the ''roof system'', to ensure the protection of these materials from tools</span>.
<li>''Separation zones'' 
<ol>
<li>are required to separate growing media and vegetation from (without limitation) ''parapets'', ''walls'', penetrations, drains, ''curbs'', sleepers, ''expansion joints'', and ''control joints'',
<li>must be at least 304.8 mm (12”) wide but shall in any event be designed to the width required to resist ''Specified Wind Load'', and
<li>shall be bordered by non-penetrating, restraining curbs or edging, installed around the perimeter of the ''Vegetated Roof System''.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====14.1.3.13. Structures and Equipment====

<ol>
<li>Non-structural installations superimposed on a ''roof assembly''
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD"><span class="recommended">are recommended for smaller installations, to</span></span> 
<ol>
<li><span class="recommended">minimize the number of penetrations, curbs, or sleepers necessary for structural securement</span>,
<li><span class="recommended">eliminate possible weak points in the ''roof system'', where a leak may occur</span>,
<li><span class="recommended">avoid dedicated mechanical drainage</span>, and
<li><span class="recommended">simplify removal of materials when membrane repairs are required</span>.
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">must take into account inevitable roof renewal (see [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-14.1.3.13. | Note A-14.1.3.13.]])</span>,
<li>must be placed on an appropriate protection layer or supported by pedestals, pavers, or other means of distributing weight and point loading, and
<li>may be placed on an ''insulated roof system'' provided the insulation will support all anticipated dead loads, live loads and point loads (See [[#14.1.3.2. Loads | Article 14.1.3.2., "Loads"]]). 
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Structural installations that are</span>
<ol>
<li>'''cast-in-place''' must be constructed on a pre‐curb that is continuously waterproofed as part of the primary roof membrane and waterproofed independently of the primary roof membrane.
<li>'''pre-cast''' must be secured
<ol>
<li>to a pre‐curb that is continuously waterproofed as a continuation of the primary roof membrane, or
<li>to structural supports that are waterproofed in keeping with the requirements in [[#Part 12 - Penetrations and Curbs | Part 12]].
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
<li>When concrete walls or structures are constructed without a pre-curb, all concrete surfaces must be fully and continuously enveloped with the primary roof membrane (See also [[Guarantee#3.2.1.2. Limitations and Exclusions of Guarantee | Division A, Article 3.2.1.2.]]).
<li>Pre‐curbs must be
<ol>
<li>at least 101.6 mm (4") in height above the drainage plane of the highest adjacent ''roof assembly'',
<li>completely enveloped with fully adhered acceptable membrane flashing (including all faces of drainage knock‐outs), and
<li>properly waterproofed around dowels {{hilite |in their final position, using|| 2021-February-7 }}
<ol>
<li>{{hilite | a 2-component catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or polyurethane methyl methacrylate (PUMA) reinforced liquid membrane flashing system|| 2021-February-7 }}, or
<li>{{hilite | two cured coats of an Accepted polyurethane or silicon-based single-component liquid flashing system (See [[#12.3.2.6. Liquid Membrane Flashing | Article 12.3.2.6., "Liquid Membrane Flashing"]])|| 2021-February-7 }}.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
<li>When a structural planter adjoins a ''protected roof system'', the planter design must include
<ol>
<li>a plumbed mechanical drain, inclusive of
<ol>
<li>a debris guard, extending above the top surface of the growing media at least 50.8 mm (2”), and 
<li>maintenance access, or
</li></ol>
<li>drainage knock-outs in the pre-curb wall, which should be wide enough to allow for the free flow of water over or past of the membrane flashing plies.
</li></ol>
<li>When a structural planter adjoins an ''insulated roof system'', only a plumbed mechanical drain is permissible.
<li><span class="recommended">A design review is advisable when a structural water feature incorporates penetrations for wiring, lights, or other submerged features</span>.
<li>Tiles or other architectural finishes may be applied to the waterproofing membrane, subject to a written Variance from the '''''Guarantor''''' and approval by the membrane manufacturer (See [[#1.1.3.6. Variances | Article 1.1.3.6., "Variances"]]).
<li>Drains, re-circulation inlets, and outlets used in water features, must include clamping rings, and must be sealed to the membrane ''assembly''.
<li>When a leak detection system is specified, only non‐ferrous metal drains may be used.
</li></ol>

==Section 14.2. Materials==
===14.2.1. Material Properties===
====14.2.1.1. Field and Flashing Membranes====

<ol>
<li>Refer to Table 9.1 in [[#9.2.1.1. Membrane Composition, Thickness, and Selection | Article 9.2.1.1.]] for field membrane composition, thickness, and selection.
<li>Single and 2-component liquid membrane flashing systems used on any detail, including pre-curbs, must be listed in [[Division_C | Division C]], and must be proprietary to, or accepted by, the ''manufacturer''. 
</li></ol>

====14.2.1.2. Membrane Protection====

<ol>
<li>Membranes must be protected from damage by installing (directly above the roof membrane)
<ol>
<li>drainage mat,
<li>an asphaltic core board overlay, measuring at least 4.76 mm (1/8”) thick,
<li>XPS insulation, measuring at least 25.4 mm (1”) thick, or
<li>a geotextile protection layer with a minimum thickness/weight of 200 g/m2 (used in ''Vegetated Roof System'' applications, where decorative gravel is crushed or smaller than 12.7 mm (1/2”) in diameter, or where the roof covering, superimposed structure or equipment does not exceed the load-bearing capacity of the protection material).
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====<span style="background:#FFFACD">14.2.1.3. Root Intrusion Barriers</span>====

<ol>
<li>Root barriers
<ol>
<li>must be suitable for the installed ''roof covering'',
<li>must be selected for their ability to support dead loads, live loads, and point loads, and
<li>must be acceptable to the ''manufacturer''.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====<span style="background:#FFFACD">14.2.1.4. Drainage and Water Retention Materials</span>====

<ol>
<li>Drainage mats, geo-synthetic drainage cores, and geo-composites, must be 
<ol>
<li>acceptable to the ''manufacturer'',
<li>suitable for the installed ''roof covering'',
<li>selected for their ability to support dead loads, live loads, and point loads, and
<li>capable of permitting the anticipated flow rate of water.
</li></ol>
<li>Moisture retention and reservoir layers must be acceptable to the manufacturer/supplier of the ''Vegetated Roof System''.
</li></ol>

====14.2.1.5. Insulation and Insulation Overlays====
(See [[#Part 7 - Insulation | Part 7, "Insulation"]], and [[#Part 8 - Insulation Overlays | Part 8, "Insulation Overlays"]])

<ol>
<li>When XPS (with or without a concrete topping) is specified as the drainage layer, it must be grooved (by the manufacturer, or as a post-manufacturing alteration).
<li>Insulation and ''insulation overlays'' must have a minimum load carrying capacity of 110 Kpa (20 psi), but in any event must be capable of supporting any loads superimposed on the membrane, without compression or distortion of the ''roof system'' or any one of its components.
</li></ol>

====14.2.1.6. Filter Fabric====

<ol>
<li>Filter fabrics must be 
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">acceptable to the ''manufacturer'',</span>
<li>suitable for the installed ''roof covering'',
<li>selected for their ability to support dead loads, live loads, and point loads, and
<li>capable of permitting the anticipated flow rate of water.
</li></ol>
<li>Fabric filter mats must be 
<ol>
<li>water permeable and have proven long term weather resistance, and
<li>strong enough to withstand traffic abuse and prevent displacement of insulation boards under flotation conditions.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====14.2.1.7. Decorative Gravel====

<ol>
<li>Decorative gravel (ref. [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-14.1.3.10. | Note A-14.1.3.10.]]) must be washed and may be smooth or crushed.
<li>Large grade gravel may withstand wind scour more effectively than smaller gravel, but the ''Design Authority'' must determine the gradients, based on the ''Specified Wind Loads'' for the roof (See also [[#3.2.2.3. Gravel Ballast | Article 3.2.2.3., ''Gravel Ballast'']]).
</li></ol>

====14.2.1.8. Pavers and Pedestals====

<ol>
<li>Pavers that are partially supported (i.e., with pedestals) must be capable of resisting anticipated loads.
<li>Pedestals 
<ol>
<li><span class="principles">should be adjustable when a level surface is required</span>, and
<li>must be purpose-made and include an integral spacer rib <span style="background:#FFFACD">no more than</span> 4.76 mm (1/8”) wide, to uniformly separate pavers.
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

==Section 14.3. Application==
===14.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
====14.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
</li></ol>

====14.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-year Guarantee====

<ol>
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee'''''.
</li></ol>

===14.3.2. All Systems===
====14.3.2.1. Membranes and Membrane Protection====

<ol>
<li>Membranes and membrane flashing must be installed in keeping with the requirements found elsewhere in this Standard.
<li>Protection of roof membranes from mechanical damage caused by tools, accident or the work of others is mandatory during the installation and maintenance of any ''roof covering'' or living space (See also [[#9.1.3.4. Membrane Protection | Article 9.1.3.4., "Membrane Protection"]], for related requirements).
</li></ol>

====14.3.2.2. Filter Fabric====

<ol>
<li>Fabric filter rolls must be 
<ol>
<li>at least 2489.2 mm (98") wide,
<li>installed loose-laid (un-bonded) over the insulation and below any type of ballast or ''roof covering'',
<li>overlapped at all edges a minimum of 304.8 mm (12"),
<li>slit to fit over roof penetrations,
<li>cut out around roof drains and other openings,
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">carried up all vertical transitions (including penetration flashings) above the ''finished roof system surface'' at least 76.2 mm (3”),</span> and
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">loosely held in place at all perimeter edges and curbs, behind metal counter flashings or wall finishes,</span> and
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">secured around penetration flashings.</span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====14.3.2.3. Drainage and Water Retention====

<ol>
<li>A drainage mat must be installed below the XPS insulation.
<li><span class="principles">A second drainage layer may be installed above the insulation, but this is at the discretion of the ''Design Authority''</span>.
<li>Specialized proprietary drainage products must be acceptable to the ''manufacturer''.
</li></ol>

====14.3.2.4. Decorative Gravel====

<ol>
<li>When gravel is specified as a ''roof covering'', only washed gravel may be used.
<li>Ballast guards must be installed around all roof drains (See [[#11.3.2.3. Drain Protection Against Blockage | Article 11.3.2.3.]]).
<li>Crushed gravel specified as a ''roof covering'' must be 
<ol>
<li>installed over a geotextile protection layer, or its equivalent, when the gravel is crushed or smaller than 12.7 mm (1/2”) in diameter, and
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">must be applied in quantities sufficient to hold down the protection layer against displacement by wind.</span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>

====14.3.2.5. Wearing Surfaces====

<ol>
<li>Pavers and unit-type masonry, such as brick or stone, must be supported by
<ol>
<li>proprietary (purpose-made) pedestals with at least a 4.76 mm (1/8”) integral spacer ribs for uniform spacing of pavers,
<li>a proprietary drainage layer overlaid with a filter fabric mat, or
<li>a drainage layer of loose aggregate (such as pea gravel) measuring at least 25.4 mm (1") in depth, installed over a filter fabric.
</li></ol>
<li>Pedestals, or a drainage layer,
<ol>
<li>must permit at least 12.7 mm (1/2″) of vertical separation between the paver and the underlying substrate, to provide airflow for drying surfaces and assist in leveling, and
<li><span class="principles">should not impede the flow of water or air, and should uniformly distribute the dead load of pavers, and other unit masonry products, as well as predicted live loads</span>.
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Cast-in-place concrete installed directly above the roof membrane must be separated from the membrane and its protection layers with material and a filter fabric or barrier material specified by the ''Design Authority'' and conforming to the requirements in [[#14.1.3.11. Wearing Surfaces | Article 14.1.3.11.]]</span>
</li></ol>

====14.3.2.6. Vegetated Roof Systems====
(See [[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022)#A-14.3.2.6. | Note A-14.3.2.6.]])

<ol>
<li>All ''Vegetated Roof Systems'' must be installed as specified and shown on drawings, and in any case must include a 
<ol>
<li>root barrier,
<li>drainage layer, and
<li>filter cloth.
</li></ol>
<li><span class="principles">Roofs that support built-in-place soil or growing media beds should include an additional penetration-resistant protection course between the growing bed and other ''Vegetated Roof System'' materials.</span>.
<li>Root intrusion barriers must be
<ol>
<li>installed in a continuous plane above the roof membrane,
<li>located within the ''Vegetated Roof System'' as specified by the ''Design Authority'',
<li>sealed at all seams and laps with a compatible tape, as directed by the manufacturer's instructions,
<li>carried up the inside of soil retention perimeters used to separate growing media and vegetation from (without limitation) ''parapets'', ''walls'', penetrations, drains, ''curbs'', sleepers, ''expansion joints'', and ''control joints'' (the "separation zone"), and
<li>sealed to the ''separation zone'' edge material.
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">''Separation zones'' must be installed to conform to the design of the ''Vegetated Roof System'', and shall also conform to the requirements in [[#14.1.3.12. Vegetated Roof Systems | Article 14.1.3.12.]]</span>
<li>Membrane flashing must be protected from damage, both during the installation of a ''Vegetated Roof System'', and during ongoing maintenance.
</li></ol>

====14.3.2.7. Structures and Equipment====

<ol>
<li>Structural installations (i.e., planters, pools, ponds, or water courses) must be constructed with 
<ol>
<li>a pre‐curb (start‐up curb), onto which the installation is formed and poured, or
<li>full-height walls that are formed and poured in direct contact with the structural ''deck''.
</li></ol>
<li>'''Pre‐curbs''' must
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">achieve a finished height</span> at least 101.6 mm (4") above the ''drainage plane'' of the highest adjacent ''roof assembly'' (for an example of this, see Construction Detail [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=SBS_14.3.3_Structures_and_Equipment_(planter_pre-curb) SBS 14.3.3 Structures and Equipment (planter pre-curb)]), and
<li>be completely enveloped with fully adhered acceptable <span style="background:#FFFACD"> sheet or liquid</span> membrane flashing (including all faces of drainage knock‐outs).
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">All planters and water features must be fully waterproofed on the inside; sheet membrane installation must conform to the requirements in [[#10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls | Article 10.3.2.3.]], and liquid membrane flashing shall conform to the requirements in [[#10.3.3.4. Liquid Membrane Flashing | Article 10.3.3.4.]]</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">All membrane flashing shall terminate </span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">on the outside face of the planter wall, at least 50.8 mm (2”) below the upper edge, or</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">on the inside face of the planter wall with a cut reglet ''linear metal flashing'', caulked with sealant and installed no less than 50.8 mm (2”) above the top surface of growing media.</span>
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">Structural installations that do not incorporate pre-curbs must be </span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">flashed to cover the complete exterior surface with roof membrane, or</span>
<li><span style="background:#D8BFD8">flashed with sheet membrane that is installed, terminated, and protected to conform to [[#10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls | Article 10.3.2.3.]]</span>
</li></ol>
{| class="wikitable"; table style="background-color:white"; border="#A9A9A9;"
|+{{hilite | <small>Figure 14.3.2.7.-A (Click to expand)</small> || 2021-February-7 }}
|-
| [[File:SBS Figure 14.3.1.jpg|link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/5/5b/SBS_Figure_14.3.1.jpg | 350 px]]
|}
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Dowels (reinforcement bar) must be</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">inserted into the pre‐curb after application of the membrane flashing, and</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">waterproofed in their final position, where they penetrate the pre-curb.</span>
</li></ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">Dowels must be waterproofed with</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">a single application of an accepted, fleece-reinforced 2-component liquid membrane flashing, or </span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">two (2) applications of a single-component liquid membrane flashing,</span>
<ol>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">applied to properly prepared surfaces,</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">fully cured between coats,</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">in keeping with the application requirements in [[#10.3.3.4. Liquid Membrane Flashing | Article 10.3.3.4.]], for 2-component reinforced liquid membrane flashing, or the manufacturer’s instructions, when using a single-component liquid membrane flashing, and</span>
<li><span style="background:#FFFACD">applied no less than 50.8 mm (2”) on vertical surfaces and in a radius around the base of each dowel.</span>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
<li>When structures or equipment exceed the limits stated in [[Guarantee#3.2.1.2. Limitations and Exclusions of Guarantee | Division A, Article 3.2.1.2.]], a membrane integrity scan and any resulting repairs must be undertaken before the membrane is covered.
</li></ol>

<hr>
<div id=NOTES></div>

=[[Notes_to_Model_SBS_Standard_(2022) | Notes to Standard]]=

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