Difference between revisions of "SBS Roof Systems Standard"

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Difference between revisions of "SBS Roof Systems Standard"

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<big><big>Division B - Standards</big></big><br>
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<big>Waterproofing Roof Systems: Flexible Membranes (Polymer-modified Bituminous)</big><br>
  
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<hr>
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<big><big><big><big><big><big>RGC Standard for SBS-modified Bitumen Membrane Roofs</big></big></big></big></big></big>
 
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   <div class="panel-heading"><big>'''How to use the Guarantee Standards section'''</big></div>
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   <div class="panel-heading"><big>'''About the Standard'''</big></div>
 
   <div class="panel-body">
 
   <div class="panel-body">
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'''This section contains the Standards, Guiding Principles, Recommendations and reference materials necessary for the design and installation of a roof qualifying for a RoofStar Guarantee.'''
+
{{hilite | This Standard is a consolidation of requirements previously published in the Roofing Practices Manual for Flexible Membrane Roofing Systems.  It is comprised of fourteen (14) Parts that contain the requirements, guiding principles, recommendations and informative materials necessary for a roof to qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-Year Guarantee''''', '''''RoofStar 10-Year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee'''''.  Requirements to qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee''''' are listed in each relevant Part under Section 1.  All '''''RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee''''' requirements must be read together with the General Requirements for each Part in this Standard. || 2020-July-3 }}
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Notes to the Standard are hyperlinked from each Part and can be read by using the link in the Table of Contents for the Standard.  {{hilite |Highlighted text within the body of the Standard indicates revisions made within the last twelve (12) months.|| 2021-February-7 }}
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This Standard follows a specific structure, incorporates defined terms, and utilizes coloured text to denote specific meaning; this is explained in [[Structure_and_Organization_of_RPM_and_Standards | Division A, Part 2, "Structure and Organization of RPM and Standards"]].  When the requirements in this Standard conflict with other resources found either in this Manual or in ''manufacturer's'' published instructions, the rules for Authority and Conflict in [[Structure_and_Organization_of_RPM_and_Standards#2.3.1.2._Authority_and_Conflict | Division A, Article 2.3.1.2.]] shall be applied.
  
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All relevant Standards for the selection and application of materials necessary to qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' are found in this section.  Readers are advised to review relevant materials that can be accessed through the links available in the body of text or embedded in section titles; these are shown in <span style="color:#0000ff">'''blue font'''</span>.  Subsection titles shown in blue indicate links to more relevant material that the reader is advised to consult.
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Readers are advised to review relevant materials that can be accessed through the {{hilite | hyperlinks embedded || 2020-July-3 }} in the body of text.
  
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Content in this section is colour-coded according to four classes:
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::'''Guarantee Standards'''
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::<div class="principles">'''Guiding Principles'''</div>  
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::<div class="recommended">'''Recommendations'''</div>
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::<div class="reference">'''Reference materials'''</div> 
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To hide or reveal classes of text, use the buttons at the bottom of the page. '''''Guarantee Standards''''' always remain visible
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:::{|
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|-
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! <div style="text-align:center;"><big><big>Table of Contents</big></big></div>
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|-
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| [[#PART_1  | Part 1 - General]]
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|-
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| [[#PART_2  | Part 2 - Supporting Structures: Decks and Walls]]
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|-
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| [[#PART_3  | Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly]]
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|-
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| [[#PART_4  | Part 4 - Materials]]
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|-
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| [[#PART_5  | Part 5 - Deck and Wall Overlays]]
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|-
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| [[#PART_6  | Part 6 - Air and Vapour Controls]]
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|-
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| [[#PART_7  | Part 7 - Insulation]]
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|-
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| [[#PART_8  | Part 8 - Insulation Overlays]]
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|-
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| [[#PART_9 | Part 9 - Roof Field (Membrane Systems)]]
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|-
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| [[#PART_10 | Part 10 - Perimeters and Walls]]
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|-
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| [[#PART_11 | Part 11 - Drainage]]
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|-
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| [[#PART_12 | Part 12 - Penetrations and Curbs]]
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|-
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| [[#PART_13 | Part 13 - Linear Metal Flashing]]
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|-
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| [[#PART_14 | PART 14 - The Roof as a Platform]]
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|-
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| <hr>
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|-
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| [[Notes to SBS Standard | Notes to Standard]]
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|-
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|}
  
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For definitions of these terms of reference, click [[Template:Text Classification|'''here''']].
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© RCABC 2018
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'''First Edition''': June 14, 2018
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<br>
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<br>'''Previous Edition''': October 20, 2023
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No reproduction of these Standards, in whole or in part, is lawful without the expressed permission of the RGC Guarantee Program.
+
<br>'''Current Edition''': Adopted October 25, 2024
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<br><br>
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All changes to this Standard are effective<br><big>'''November 1, 2024'''</big>
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<div id=PART_1></div>
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=Part 1 - General=
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==Section 1.1. Design==
 +
===1.1.1. General===
 +
====1.1.1.1. Scope====
 +
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
 +
<li>In addition to the Scope described in Division A, this Standard applies to the design and construction of ''roof systems'' that are site-built, or which may be factory fabricated, in part or in their entirety.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 +
====1.1.1.2. Coverage and Limitations====
 +
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Coverage under the '''''RoofStar™ Guarantee''''' shall be as described in [[Guarantee#3.2.1.2._Limitations_and_Exclusions_of_Guarantee | Division A, Article 3.2.1.2.]]
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</li></ol>
 +
 +
====1.1.1.3. References====
 +
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>In this Standard, all references to
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>the "British Columbia Building Code" (the "Building Code", or the "Code"), to municipal or regional building codes or regulations, or to other standards, presume the current edition that is in force,
 +
<li>materials mean those materials expressly accepted by the '''''Guarantor''''', unless stated otherwise, and
 +
<li>measurements are shown in metric units first, followed by Imperial values (typically in parentheses; see [[Structure_and_Organization_of_RPM_and_Standards#2.1.3.2._Measurements | Division A, Article 2.1.3.2., "Measurements"]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 +
====1.1.1.4. {{strike| Definitions || 2024-October-23 }}{{hilite | Defined Terms || 2025-October-25 }}====
 +
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].  Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part and the Standard:
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>''Design Authority'' means the individual or firm responsible for the issuance of ''project'' specifications and details to which the ''project'' will be bid and constructed.  When a ''Contractor'' designs a ''project'', the ''Contractor'' is deemed to be the ''Design Authority''.
 +
<li>{{hilite |''Finished roof system surface''|| 2020-February-3 }} {{hilite | means the top surface of any ''roof system'', inclusive of ballast or ''overburden''|| 2021-February-7 }}.
 +
<li>''Grade-level waterproofing system'' means an insulated or uninsulated ''system'', designed and constructed at grade with a sheet or liquid-applied membrane, to exclude water.
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Linear metal flashing''|| 2021-June-30 }} {{hilite | means flashings cut and shaped from flat metal stock, to redirect water at roof perimeters and edges, or to control the flow of water in valleys and drainage spillways.  ''Linear metal flashings'' also protect roof membranes from weathering and damage and provide an aesthetic finish to the ''roof system''|| 2021-June-30 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Guarantor'' (used interchangeably with '''''RGC''''') means the RCABC Guarantee Corporation, which offers the '''''RoofStar Guarantee'''''. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Membrane system'' means the combination of field and flashing membranes which function together to waterproof underlying materials and ''systems''. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Observer'' means a firm or person paid by the building Owner (directly, or through the '''''RGC'''''), who is independent (not a member) of the RCABC, and who is accepted by the '''''RGC''''' to provide Quality Assurance reviews during construction and after completion of the ''project'', according to the terms and conditions set out in RCABC policy || 2025-October-25 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Vegetated Roof Assembly'' (''VRA''), used interchangeably in the "RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs" with ''green roof'' or ''green roofing'', means a functional arrangement of interacting components, inclusive of ''vegetation'', that is designed in conjunction with a supporting ''roof assembly'', is intended to both grow and flourish, and is often installed on a roof to control the rate of rainwater discharged through a storm drainage system || 2025-October-25 }}.
 +
<li>''Waterproofing roof system'' means an insulated or uninsulated ''roof system'', designed and constructed on roofs using a sheet or liquid-applied membrane, to exclude water.  This type of ''system'' typically is installed on roof slopes less than 1:4 (3” in 12”).
 +
<li>''Water-shedding roof system'' means an insulated or uninsulated ''roof system'', designed and constructed to shed water away from a structure, not to waterproof it.  This type of ''system'' typically is installed on roof slopes greater than 1:4 (3” in 12”) but may be installed on slopes as low as 1:6 (2" in 12").
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
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 +
===={{hilite | 1.1.1.5. Reserved || 2025-October-25 }}====
 +
 +
===={{hilite | 1.1.1.6. Objectives || 2025-October-25 }}====
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 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Every ''roof system'' shall conform to the more stringent of this Standard or the Building Code or By-law having jurisdiction.
 +
</li></ol>
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 +
===={{hilite | 1.1.1.7. Responsibility for Design || 2025-October-25 }}====
 +
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Each design of a ''roof system'' shall be undertaken by a person or persons qualified in the work concerned (See [[#3.1.3.1. Responsibility for Design | Article 3.1.3.1.]] with respect to the securement of the ''roof assembly'').
 +
<li>The ''Coordinating Registered Professional'' is responsible for ensuring the design of the ''vegetated roof assembly'' complies with all applicable building, energy, and fire codes having jurisdiction.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 +
===={{hilite | 1.1.1.8. Pre-Design Requirements || 2025-October-25 }}====
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The ''Coordinating Registered Professional'' is responsible to ensure that the ''roof assembly'' design is a multi-disciplinary enterprise that aligns with the designs for structural, plumbing, mechanical, electrical, architectural, and building envelope, together with all trades whose work intersects with the ''Contractor’s'' scope of work, to minimize out-of-sequence operations that could compromise the integrity of the completed ''roof assembly''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 +
===={{hilite | 1.1.1.9. Suitability of Design || 2025-October-25 }}====
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The ''Design Authority'' is responsible for determining the appropriate ''roof assembly'' design and must consider (without limitation)
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>the requirements of the building code having jurisdiction,
 +
<li>the structural capabilities or limitations of the building,
 +
<li>fire resistance and the roof class requirements for the building,
 +
<li>wind loads (See [[#Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly | Part 3]] of this Standard),
 +
<li>the effects of nearby structures on the ''roof assembly'',
 +
<li>the potential effects of reflected heat on the ''roof assembly'',
 +
<li>''roof system'' aesthetics, and
 +
<li>maintenance requirements, including the safety of maintenance workers.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>When the roof is intended as a platform to support a ''vegetated roof system'', the supporting ''roof assembly'' must be suitable for that purpose (See [[#1.1.3.1. Permitted Roof Systems | Sentence 1.1.3.1.(2)]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 +
===1.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
 +
====1.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-Year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
 +
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
 +
<li>{{hilite | In addition to Sentence (1), all ''projects'' shall comply with || 2024-October-20 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | the ''project'' specifications and drawings, and || 2024-October-20 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | the ''manufacturer's'' published installation requirements || 2024-October-20 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 +
====1.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====
 +
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Standard for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', together with the following:
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Each ''project'' must be designed and constructed in compliance with both the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Standards''''', together with the membrane manufacturer’s available 20-year System Warranty standards.
 +
<li>Where enhanced roof system securement is required by the manufacturer, which may exceed the securement required in a ''Tested Assembly'', an ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance'' or a custom-engineered securement, the ''project'' must comply with the higher securement requirements.
 +
<li>{{hilite | On all "new construction" ''projects'', where external access is not provided, all roofs with a field elevation greater than 7620 mm (25’) above grade must incorporate safe, appropriate access to the roof, for example by incorporating stairs and a doorway or a properly located roof hatch|| 2020-October-22 }} (<span class="recommended">Safe, appropriate access to the roof is recommended for existing buildings, to facilitate maintenance and ongoing performance reviews</span>).
 +
<li>Moisture surveys for Membrane Replacement ''projects'' must be documented and submitted in report form to the '''''Guarantor''''' for review and consideration prior to tender; documented testing means a moisture survey scan performed by a qualified person, and
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | at least three (3) cut tests for roof areas up to 20,000 sf (200 squares), or one (1) cut test for every 2000 sf (20 squares), whichever is more || 2020-October-22 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | one (1) cut test for every 3000 sf (30 squares) of roof area that exceeds the first 20,000 sf (200 squares) || 2020-October-22 }}, or
 +
<li>{{hilite | one (1) cut test for each small roof area measuring no more than 200 sf (2 squares) || 2020-October-22 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Membrane Replacement ''projects'' must incorporate new insulation overlays in keeping with the requirements published in Part 8, ''Insulation Overlays'' || 2020-October-22 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | Materials left in place for partial roof system replacement must be scanned for moisture || 2022-February-5 }} ([[#1.1.4.3._Partial_Roof_Replacement |Article 1.1.4.3.]]).
 +
<li>{{hilite | All roofs (new construction and replacement roofing) must be built with a minimum slope of 2% (1:50) || 2022-February-5 }} ([[#2.1.2.2._RoofStar_15-Year_Guarantee |Article 2.1.2.2.]]).
 +
<li>{{hilite | All replacement roofing must utilize crickets to enhance drainage around curbs and sleepers || 2022-February-5 }} ([[#2.1.2.2._RoofStar_15-Year_Guarantee |Article 2.1.2.2.]]).
 +
<li>{{hilite | On new construction roofs, ''curbs'' and sleepers wider/longer than 1219.2 mm (48") must incorporate crickets to improve drainage || 2022-February-5 }} ([[#7.1.2.2._RoofStar_15-Year_Guarantee |Article 7.1.2.2.]]).
 +
<li>{{hilite | An insulation overlay is required on all ''conventionally insulated roof systems'' || 2022-February-5 }} ([[#8.1.2.2._RoofStar_15-Year_Guarantee |Article 8.1.2.2.]]).
 +
<li>{{hilite | Only certain membranes will qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''' || 2022-February-5 }} ([[#9.1.2.2._RoofStar_15-Year_Guarantee |Article 9.1.2.2.]]).
 +
<li>{{hilite | All drains and overflows require clamping rings, and overflows are required for each roof area || 2022-February-5 }} ([[#11.1.2.2._RoofStar_15-Year_Guarantee |Article 11.1.2.2.]]).
 +
<li>{{hilite | Enhanced penetration flashing requirements || 2022-February-5 }} ([[#12.1.2.2._RoofStar_15-Year_Guarantee |Article 12.1.2.2.]]).
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Linear metal flashings'' must be fabricated from 24-gauge material || 2022-February-5 }} ([[#13.1.2.2._RoofStar_15-Year_Guarantee |Article 13.1.2.2.]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 +
===={{hilite | 1.1.2.3. Quality Control || 2025-October-25 }}====
 +
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Notwithstanding any other requirements in this Standard, the ''Contractor'' shall
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>bid the ''project'' to meet the more stringent of this Standard or the ''project'' specifications,
 +
<li>bid the ''project'' to include only RGC-accepted systems and materials,
 +
<li>ensure that the supporting ''roof assembly'' conforms to the requirements and limitations of [[#1.1.3.1. Permitted Roof Systems | Article 1.1.3.1.]],
 +
<li>notify the ''Observer'' at least 24 hours before construction is scheduled to start or resume (72 hours notice is required for projects further away than 100 km),
 +
<li>ensure that construction conforms to this Standard and exhibits good workmanship,
 +
<li>ensure that samples, reports, shop drawings, ELD arrangements, certificates, manufacturer approvals, warranty documentation, and all other submittals are collected and provided to the '''''Guarantor''''' as required in [[#1.3.2.4. Contractor Submittals | Article 1.3.2.4.]], and
 +
<li>abide by all pertinent RCABC policies.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 +
===={{hilite | 1.1.2.4. Quality Assurance || 2025-October-25 }}====
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-1.1.2.4. | {{hilite | Note A-1.1.2.4. || 2025-October-25 }}]])
 +
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Notwithstanding any other requirements in this Standard, the ''Observer'' shall
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>verify that the materials used in construction are accepted by the '''''Guarantor''''' and listed in [[Division C | Division C]] of this ''Manual'',
 +
<li>review the construction of the ''roof system'' (according to the prescribed number of observations, with consideration for the expected duration of construction) for conformance with the more stringent of
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>this Standard,
 +
<li>conditions and limitations in [[Division A | Division A]] of the RPM, as they apply,
 +
<li>the ''manufacturer’s'' published requirements,
 +
<li>the ''project'' drawings and specifications, or
 +
<li>the Building Code having jurisdiction.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>review and report whether the ''Contractor'' has met the policy requirements noted in this Standard, and
 +
<li>perform cut tests or other acceptable methods, whenever required, to verify that the materials and methods of construction conform to this Standard (for example, this may be required when the ''Contractor'' has completed more than 30 squares of roofing without an observation).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 +
===1.1.3. All Systems===
 +
====1.1.3.1. Permitted Roof Systems====
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-1.1.3.1. | Note A-1.1.3.1.]])
 +
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>This Standard applies to new construction, and to the partial or complete replacement of existing roofs, constructed as
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>''Uninsulated systems'' in which the membrane is bonded directly to the ''roof deck'' or an overlay, and is exposed to the weather and to sunlight,
 +
<li>''Conventionally insulated systems'', sometimes referred to as ''Compact Roofs'', in which the membrane is installed above insulation and other ''roof system'' materials, and is exposed to the weather and to sunlight,
 +
<li>''Protected roof systems'', also referred to as “inverted”, in which the membrane is installed beneath other ''roof system'' or protection materials (usually insulation), and is protected from exposure to the weather and from sunlight, and
 +
<li>''Modified protected roof systems'', which combine the functions and benefits of both a ''conventionally insulated system'' and a ''protected roof system'', and where the membrane is protected from exposure to the weather and to sunlight.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Where the roof is intended to support a ''vegetated roof system'' and qualify for a '''''RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee''''', only a new roof or a roof that is specified for a complete ''roof system'' replacement will qualify for the Guarantee (See || 2025-October-25 }} [[#1.1.4.2. Complete Roof System | Article 1.1.4.2.]] {{hilite | and || 2025-October-25 }} [[#1.3.3.2. Complete Roof System Replacement | Article 1.3.3.2.]] {{hilite | for complete roof system replacement requirements.  See also [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard#1.1.3.1._Permitted_Supporting_Roof_Assemblies Article 1.1.3.1.] in the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs” || 2025-October-25 }}).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 +
====1.1.3.2. Accessibility for Maintenance====
 +
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><div class="recommended">All roofs with a field elevation greater than 7620 mm (25’) above grade should incorporate access to the roof by stairs and a doorway or with a properly located roof hatch.</span>
 +
<li><span class="principles">Any hatch, ladder or mechanical unit should be located a sufficient distance away from the roof edge (setback zone) so that other fall protection measures are not required by those using or accessing this equipment</span>.
 +
<li><span class="principles">When it is not possible to situate a hatch, ladder, or mechanical unit outside the setback zone, guard rails should be designed for the roof edge to provide additional fall protection for those using or accessing such equipment</span>.
 +
<li><span class="principles">Each roof should be designed to provide safe access for maintenance of roof drains, corners, or mechanical equipment, where the roof is at least 3 m (10’) above the surface of the ground, or where a hazard to a person exists, should a fall be possible (this principle also applies to roof areas intended for regular occupancy); design elements to mitigate fall hazards should align with the Code having jurisdiction, and with the ''Workers Compensation Act Regulations'', and should include</span>
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="principles">tall parapets</span>,
 +
<li><span class="principles">guardrails</span>, or
 +
<li><span class="principles">tie-off anchors</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Where a roof is intended to support a ''vegetated roof system'', the roof must satisfy the design and pre-construction requirements published in the|| 2025-October-25 }} [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard {{hilite |“RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”|| 2025-October-25 }}].
 +
</li></ol>
  
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{| class="wikitable" | style="width: 100%;text-align:center"
+
====1.1.3.3. Membrane Integrity Testing====
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-1.1.3.3. | Note A-1.1.3.3.]] {{hilite | and Figure 1.1.3.3.-A || 2025-October-25 }})
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Electrical current membrane integrity testing shall conform to || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | ASTM D7877, "Standard Guide for Electronic Methods for Detecting and Locating Leaks in Waterproof Membranes", || 2023-June-16 }} or
 +
<li>{{hilite | ASTM D8231, "Standard Practice for the Use of Low Voltage Electronic Scanning System for Detecting and Locating Breaches in Roofing and Waterproofing Membranes." || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>An electrical current membrane integrity test <u>is required</u> when anyone other than the ''Contractor'' installs ''overburden'', amenities, or equipment, (In this Standard, the term "electrical current membrane integrity test" means a test method that uses electrical current and electronic sensing technology to detect breaches in the membrane ''system'').
 +
<li>An electrical current membrane integrity test <u>is required</u> when the ''Contractor'' installs ''overburden'', amenities, or equipment, <u>but only when</u>
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | the total ''project'' area (footprint), inclusive of planters or other waterproofed features, exceeds 18.58 m2 (200 sf), and || 2021-October-30 }}
 +
<li>''overburden'', amenities, or equipment exceed 152.4 mm (6”) in depth {{strike| (see Figure 1.1.3-A) || 2024-October-24 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | When the ''roof assembly'' supports a ''vegetated roof system'' covered by a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' an electrical current membrane integrity test is optional (not required)  || 2025-October-25 }}<span class="recommended">{{hilite | but recommended || 2025-October-25 }}</span>.{{hilite | An electrical current membrane integrity test is required immediately prior to the installation of a ''vegetated roof system'' || 2025-October-25 }}.
 +
<li>An electrical current membrane integrity test must be performed by an RGC-recognized service provider {{hilite | listed in [[Division_C | Division C]]|| 2021-October-30 }}.
 +
<li>Flood testing employed as a secondary or alternative membrane integrity test <span class="recommended">is strongly discouraged for ''conventionally insulated roof systems'' because of the risk of extensive damage to ''system'' components or the building interior</span>, and is best suited for ''protected roof systems'' (See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-1.1.3.3.(5) | Note A-1.1.3.3.(5)]]).
 +
<li>If flood testing is specified, it shall be conducted prior to the installation of insulation and roof coverings, and must be executed in keeping with ASTM D5957, "Standard Guide for Flood Testing Horizontal Waterproofing Installations".
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<br>
 +
::{|
 
|-
 
|-
−
! style="background-color: orange;" | Editor's note
+
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 1.1.3.3.-A Electronic Integrity Testing''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Article 1.1.3.3. || 2025-October-25 }}<br><small>(Click to expand illustration)</small>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="color: black; background-color: #ffffcc; width: 100%;text-align:left" | The following materials are divided into fourteen (14) sections, and most of the content was significantly revised and supplemented in November 2018. Therefore, the reader should consider all of the content in this Section to be new since that date. Highlighted text indicates revisions made subsequent to the publishing of these revised Standards.
+
| [[File:Figure 1.1.3.3.-A.jpg |link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/2/2a/Figure_1.1.3.3.-A.jpg | 550 px]]
−
<br>
+
|}
−
Click the icon below for a PDF copy of the current Standards. The reader is responsible to ensure that downloaded copies remain current with the online version of the Roofing Practices Manual. Only the online version of these or any other '''''RoofStar Guarantee Standards''''' shall be considered valid for the purpose of designing and constructing a RoofStar-qualified Project.
+
 
−
<div class="col-md-12">
+
====1.1.3.4. Electronic Leak Detection====
−
[[File:Pdf.png|50 px|link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/4/44/SBS-Mod_Bit_Membrane_Roof_Standards.pdf|'''RoofStar Guarantee Standards for SBS-Modified Bitumen Membrane Roof Assemblies''']]
+
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-1.1.3.4.| Note A-1.1.3.4.]])
−
</div>
+
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Electronic Leak Detection (ELD), when specified by the ''Design Authority'', shall conform to || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | ASTM D7877, "Standard Guide for Electronic Methods for Detecting and Locating Leaks in Waterproof Membranes", || 2023-June-16 }} or
 +
<li>{{hilite | ASTM D8231, "Standard Practice for the Use of Low Voltage Electronic Scanning System for Detecting and Locating Breaches in Roofing and Waterproofing Membranes." || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Electronic Leak Detection (ELD) is optional for ''waterproofing roof systems'', <span class="recommended">but strongly recommended</span>
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">for ''projects'' where multiple trades will have access to a roof that is under construction and completed, to identify breaches in the waterproofing membrane in a timely way and avoid future costly delays</span>,
 +
<li><span class="recommended">when the ''roof assembly'' protects a sensitive occupied space (i.e., data centres, hospitals, critical infrastructure)</span>, or
 +
<li><span class="recommended">when the roof supports any type of ''overburden'', amenities, or equipment, {{hilite | including a ''vegetated roof system'' || 2025-October-25 }}</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>When Electronic Leak Detection is specified, it shall provide detection capabilities for all waterproofed surfaces, and should extend at least 50.8 mm (2") vertically from the ''drainage plane'' at
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>all transitions,
 +
<li>any point along the entire deck perimeter, and
 +
<li>protrusions.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====1.1.3.5. Hot Works====
 +
 
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-1.1.3.5.| Note A-1.1.3.5.]])
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">{{hilite | The ''Design Authority'' may specify that the ''Contractor'' must maintain compliance with the RCABC Hot Works Program and consequently manage the Hot Works conducted on site</span> (See [[#1.3.2.1. Hot Works: Contractor Requirements | Article 1.3.2.1.]]) || 2021-February-7 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | When the ''project'' involves Hot Work, the ''Design Authority'' must either || 2021-February-7 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite |pre-approve alternate applications already written in this Standard or another applicable Standard published in this ''Manual'', when the specified application is deemed to be fire-sensitive by the ''Contractor'' as part of the risk assessment process || 2021-February-7 }}, or
 +
<li>{{hilite | provide alternate material and application requirements in the Specification for fire sensitive locations on the ''project'' || 2021-February-7 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===={{hilite | 1.1.3.6. Variances || 2021-June-30 }}====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | When a design is unable to conform to the Standard, the ''Design Authority'' may apply to the RGC for a written Variance.
 +
<li>Application for a written Variance must be made in writing (email correspondence is common), and must|| 2021-June-30 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | identify the ''project'' name and its civic address,
 +
<li>identify the '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' number (if assigned)|| 2021-June-30 }},
 +
<li>identify the ''Contractor'' (if awarded),
 +
<li>{{hilite | articulate the nature of the design problem|| 2021-June-30 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | identify the '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' requirement to be varied, and state the desired modification (i.e., reduce the requirement for 203.2 mm (8") to 152.4 mm (6")), || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | cite the reference to which the Variance will apply (i.e., Standard name, article number, sentence number, etc.)|| 2021-June-30 }}, and
 +
<li>provide design drawings, photographs, and roof plans, referencing grid lines that identify or articulate the boundaries to which the Variance will be applied.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite |Variances are issued by the '''''RGC''''' only to the ''Design Authority'' and will be distributed to the ''Contractor''|| 2021-June-30 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite |A Variance may be unrestricted in its scope, or it may include one or more conditions, or a restriction in coverage, that will affect the design and construction of the ''project'', to accommodate the varied standard, but this is at the discretion of the '''''Guarantor'''''|| 2021-June-30 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite |Variances are issued only for the ''project''-specific issue identified in the written request, and do not constitute general permission to depart from the published requirements in this Standard, for any aspect of the same ''project'' or for future ''projects'', designed or constructed by any other firm|| 2021-June-30 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | A Variance for a ''vegetated roof assembly'' shall conform to the requirements in|| 2025-October-25 }} [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard#1.1.3.6._Variances {{hilite | Article 1.1.3.6.|| 2025-October-25 }}] {{hilite | of the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”|| 2025-October-25 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===1.1.4. Replacement and Alterations===
 +
 
 +
(The requirements in [[#1.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 1.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-1.1.4.| Note A-1.1.4.]])
 +
 
 +
====1.1.4.1. General Requirements====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Unless expressly permitted otherwise in this Standard, the design for replacement roofing shall conform to the requirements for new roofing in this Standard. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====1.1.4.2. Complete Roof System Replacement====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Complete roof system replacement shall conform to the general requirements in [[#1.1.4.1. General Requirements | Article 1.1.4.1.]], unless expressly varied elsewhere in this Standard || 2021-June-30 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Roof system'' replacement means the complete removal and replacement of all ''roof system'' and metal flashing materials, exclusive of the air or vapour ''control layers'', and only new replacement materials shall be installed.|| 2021-June-30 }}
 +
<li>Subject to the requirements in [[#Part 6 - Air and Vapour Controls | Part 6, "Air and Vapour Controls"]], the decision to reuse and repair an existing air or vapour ''control layer'' remains the responsibility of the ''Design Authority''.
 +
<li>''Roof system'' replacement ''projects'' are eligible to qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''', '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', or a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', subject to their respective requirements.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====1.1.4.3. Partial Roof Replacement====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Partial replacement of ''roof systems'' is permitted by the '''''Guarantor''''', but coverage under the '''''Guarantee''''' is limited to new materials supplied and installed by the ''Contractor''. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | Retention of insulation materials in a ''roof system'' is subject to the requirements for insulation in Part 7. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>Membrane replacement, which is limited to the removal and replacement of the roof membrane and materials adhered to the membrane,
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>may be specified without a written Variance from the '''''Guarantor''''', and
 +
<li>may qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' and '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', provided
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>the ''Design Authority'' is certain the existing ''roof system'' is properly secured to the existing deck structure (See [[#Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly | Part 3, "Securing the Roof Assembly"]]),
 +
<li>the existing ''roof system'' is demonstrably dry and free of any wet materials (wet materials must be replaced, in order to qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee'''''),
 +
<li>the existing field membrane will be removed,
 +
<li>a new insulation overlay will be supplied and installed, together with a new roof membrane,
 +
<li>existing membrane flashing will be removed and replaced with new materials, and
 +
<li>the design  conforms to the requirements in this Standard for new roof construction.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', membrane replacement ''projects'' must conform to the requirements of this Article and shall include the removal and replacement of the insulation overlay || 2023-June-16 }} (Ref. [[#1.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee | Article 1.1.2.2.]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====1.1.4.4. Membrane Recovering====
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-1.1.4.4.| {{hilite | Note A-1.1.4.4. || 2025-October-25 }}]])
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Recovering (installing a new ''membrane system'' over an existing ''membrane system'')
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>may qualify for both a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' and a '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', but only if it is permitted under a written Variance issued by the '''''Guarantor''''' prior to the tendering of documents (<span class="recommended">recovering is not a recommended practice and will limit the scope of coverage under the</span> '''''RoofStar Guarantee'''''), and
 +
<li>does not qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee'''''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Membrane recovering, which is a type of ''roof system'' replacement, does not qualify for a '''''RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee''''' || 2025-October-25 }}.
 +
<li>A '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' issued for a recovered roof is limited strictly to the value of new ''roof system'' materials; existing materials that remain in place beneath new materials are not covered by the '''''RoofStar Guarantee'''''.
 +
<li>{{hilite | All membrane recovering ''project'' specifications and drawings shall reflect and conform to the construction requirements in || 2025-October-25 }} [[#1.3.3.4. Membrane Recovering | Article 1.3.3.4.]]
 +
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | Before proceeding with roof recovering, the ''Design Authority'' should consider|| 2022-June-17}}</span>
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | the requirements for moisture testing (described below)|| 2022-June-17}}</span>,
 +
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | testing securement of materials to be left in place|| 2022-June-17}}</span>, and
 +
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | the potential consequences of failure for the building and its use|| 2022-June-17}}</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a written Variance from the '''''Guarantor''''', the Variance request (See [[#1.1.3.6._Variances |Article 1.1.3.6.]])
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>must identify the type of ''roof system'' to which the Variance pertains ({{hilite |i.e., ''uninsulated''|| 2022-June-17 }}, ''conventionally insulated'', ''protected'', or ''modified protected'' ''roof system''),
 +
<li>must indicate how the new ''roof system'' will be secured (See [[#Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly | Part 3, "Securing the Roof Assembly"]]),
 +
<li>must specify how the existing ''roof system'' will be physically separated from other roof areas, and
 +
<li>must include the formal independent report that describes the condition of the existing ''roof system'', and which documents results from cut tests and moisture investigation that are prerequisites for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee'''''.</span>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li><u>{{hilite | ''Uninsulated'' and ''protected roof systems''|| 2022-June-17}}</u> presented to the '''''Guarantor''''' in a written Variance application by the ''Design Authority'' must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>free of blisters and breaches in the membrane,
 +
<li>independently surveyed by qualified professionals, when they are constructed on a wood ''deck'', using calibrated moisture detection equipment, and
 +
<li>cut open and probed for moisture and deterioration when any moisture is detected in a wood ''deck'' (the results of such investigation must be formally documented for review by the '''''Guarantor'''''),</span> or
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li><u>''Conventionally insulated'' and ''modified protected roof systems''</u> presented to the '''''Guarantor''''' in a written Variance application by the ''Design Authority'' must be independently surveyed by qualified professionals using calibrated moisture detection equipment and cut tests, and the resulting survey shall be formally documented for review by the '''''Guarantor'''''.
 +
<li>All cut test surveys performed on ''conventionally insulated systems''
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>shall be independently documented for review by the '''''Guarantor''''',
 +
<li>must be performed using ASTM D7636/D7636M-11, "Standard Practice for Sampling and Analysis of Modified Bitumen Roof Systems", and
 +
<li>shall be no fewer than
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>three (3), for roof areas up to 20,000 sf (200 squares), or one (1) for every 2,000 sf (20 squares), whichever is more,
 +
<li>one (1) for every 3000 sf (30 squares) of roof area that exceeds the first 20,000 sf (200 squares), and
 +
<li>one (1) for each small roof area equal to or less than 200 sf (2 squares).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>When a ''conventionally insulated roof system''
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>is structurally sloped, at least half (50%) of the required cut tests shall sample the roof in or near valleys, and near roof drains.
 +
<li>is structurally ''flat'', samples shall be taken near roof drains and in a random pattern across the roof.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>All wet material identified by either the independent moisture detection survey or through cut tests shall be specified for removal.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====1.1.4.5. Tie-ins, Additions, and Alterations to Existing Roofing====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Where a new roof adjoins and ties into an existing roof, the two areas must be isolated and separated by a ''control joint'' securely attached to the structure and waterproofed in keeping with the requirements in both [[#10.1.6.2. Control Joints (Roof Dividers) | Article 10.1.6.2., "Control Joints (Roof Dividers)"]], and [[#Part 10 - Perimeters and Walls | Part 10, "Perimeters and Walls"]].
 +
<li>If ''project'' conditions do not allow for a curb joint, the ''Design Authority'' must submit an alternative design and obtain a written Variance from the '''''Guarantor''''' that permits the elimination of curb joints  (see [[#1.1.3.6._Variances |Article 1.1.3.6., "Variances"]]); any alternative design
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>must include design specifications and construction details showing a positive water cut-off that fully isolates the existing ''roof system'' from the new ''roof system'', and
 +
<li>shall show how the new ''roof system'' will be easily distinguishable from the existing ''roof system''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Repairs or renovations to an existing ''roof system'' that is not covered by a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' do not qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' (the term "renovation" means the removal and replacement of, or the application of a cover to, a portion of the ''roof system''). || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | Modifications or additions to a guaranteed roof are permissible, subject to various conditions, but must be made by a ''Contractor'' qualified to perform work under the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program'''''. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===1.1.5. Reserved===
 +
 
 +
==Section 1.2. Reserved==
  
−
To see the former RoofStar Guarantee Standards for SBS-modified Bitumen Membrane Roof Assemblies ('''for reference only''' on <u>Projects bid before December 1, 2018</u>), click [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php/RoofStar_Guarantee_Standards_for_SBS-Modified_Bitumen_Membrane_Roof_Assemblies_(retired) '''here''']. The link will remain active for one calendar year.
+
==Section 1.3. Application==
−
|}
+
===1.3.1. Reserved===
−
<div id="SBSGENERAL"></div>
+
===1.3.2. All Systems===
−
=GENERAL=
+
====1.3.2.1. Hot Works: {{hilite | Contractor Requirements || 2021-February-7 }}====
−
==References==
 
−
In this '''Manual''', all references to
 
−
#the British Columbia Building Code or other standards presume the current edition that is in force.
 
−
#materials are assumed to be Accepted by the RGC, unless stated otherwise.
 
  
−
==Definitions==
+
<ol>
−
In this '''Manual''',  
+
<li>The ''Contractor'' must maintain the requirements of the RCABC Hot Works Program, including (without limitation)
−
:'''''Design Authority''''' means the individual or firm responsible for the issuance of ''Project'' specifications and details to which the ''Project'' will be bid and constructed.  When a ''Contractor'' designs a ''Project'', the Contractor is deemed to be the ''Design Authority''.
+
<ol>
−
:'''''Contractor''''' (“contractor”) means the installer of a roof assembly or system.  For the purpose of issuing a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''', ''Contractor'' shall be read to mean a Member of the RCABC.
+
<li>'''Insurance Coverage''', wherein the limits carried on the ''Contractor’s'' policy must equal or exceed the minimum requirements set by RCABC, and coverage must be unhindered by warranties that limit or exclude coverage when Hot Works is required,
−
:'''''Manual''''' means the '''''Roofing Practices Manual'''''.
+
<li>'''Education and training''', since workers who perform Hot Works must be trained by the ''Contractor'' and kept current with acceptable methods,
−
:'''''Project''''' means the designed or constructed roof or waterproofing assembly or system.
+
<li>the [https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/content/public/bcfc2018/?xsl=/templates/browse.xsl&xsl=/templates/browse.xsl "British Columbia Fire Code"], wherein a Fire Safety Plan, preventative methods or alternative work procedures, fire watches, and the use and placement of equipment at the ''project'' site must comply with the BC Fire Code requirements for Hot Work,
−
:{{hilite | '''''Waterproofing System''''' means a membrane or liquid-applied system that, regardless of slope, waterproofs a roof or structure at grade.  These systems are typically installed on slopes less than 1:4 (3” in 12”). || 2020-February-15 }}
+
<li>a '''Fire Safety Plan''', whereby
−
:{{hilite | '''''Water-shedding System''''' means a roof system that, with sufficient slope, sheds water away from a structure but does not necessarily waterproof it. || 2020-February-15 }}
+
<ol>
 +
<li>the ''Contractor'' must assess the hazards to property and persons and produce a written Fire Safety Plan prior to the start of work, and
 +
<li>the Fire Safety Plan must be kept on the ''project'' site and must be kept current until the ''project'' is completed,
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>'''RoofStar Guarantee Standards''', to which the ''Contractor'' must conform, at each juncture where the interface of different membranes applications constitutes part of the Fire Safety Plan,
 +
<li>a '''Fire Watch''', in which the ''Contractor'' must, as part of the Fire Safety Plan, conduct a fire watch
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>that complies with the "British Columbia Fire Code",
 +
<li>is assigned to competent, trained personnel using suitable equipment, including the use of a hand-held infrared thermometer, and
 +
<li>is documented in a written fire watch log, and
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>'''Hot Works Notification''', wherein the ''Contractor'' shall notify the ''project'' authority or the AHJ, as and when required, that Hot Works will be performed.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
Refer to the [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Glossary '''Glossary'''] for further definitions of key terms used in this '''Manual'''.
+
====1.3.2.2. Workmanship====
  
−
==Design==
+
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-1.3.2.2. | Note A-1.3.2.2.]])
−
==={{hilite | System || 2020-February-15 }} Types===
 
−
<span class="principles">Designing a good roof begins with the end in mind and an answer to the essential question, “What purpose will the roof serve?”  For example, the roof may</span>
 
−
*<span class="principles">simply weatherproof the building interior</span>.
 
−
*<span class="principles">provide a location for building equipment and services</span>.
 
−
*<span class="principles">support liveable spaces</span>.
 
−
<span class="principles">Each of these functions may limit the choice of membrane assembly</span>.
 
  
−
<span class="principles">{{hilite | There are four principal waterproofing systems that can be applied to a roof || 2020-February-15 }}:</span>
+
<ol>
−
#<span class="principles">Uninsulated (insulation may be installed beneath the deck)</span>.
+
<li>{{hilite | The ''Contractor'' must take reasonable measures to protect the ''project'' from damage by the weather, during and at the completion of {{hilite |the ''project''||2022-February-5 }}.
−
#<span class="principles">Conventionally insulated</span>.
+
<li>Open penetrations and flashings must be temporarily sealed off from the weather, even when other trades are responsible to make a permanent seal or install overlapping materials (See [[#4.2.1.1. Use of Accepted Materials | Article 4.2.1.1.]]) || 2021-February-7 }}.
−
#<span class="principles">Protected Membrane (also referred to as “inverted”)</span>.
+
</li></ol>
−
#<span class="principles">Modified Protected Membrane</span>.
 
−
<span class="principles">Of course, sometimes the roof deck influences these choices.  Regardless of the ''Design Authority’s'' starting point, knowing where you are going is the beginning of a successful design</span>.
 
  
−
<div id="SBSCONVENTIONAL"></div>
+
====1.3.2.3. Contractor Qualifications====
−
====<big>Conventionally Insulated {{hilite | Systems || 2020-February-15 }}</big>====
 
−
#<span class="reference">In a ''Conventionally Insulated Roof {{hilite | System || 2020-February-15 }}'', the membrane is the final layer, exposed to the weather. It protects the other roofing components, including insulation, from exposure to water, wind and other weather conditions</span>. Conventionally Insulated assemblies are classified in this '''Manual''' by three different methods of attachment (securement) to the roof deck:
 
−
##'''Mechanically Attached Roof Systems (MARS)'''
 
−
##'''Partially Adhered Roof Systems (PARS)'''
 
−
##'''Adhesive Applied Roof Systems (AARS)'''
 
−
::More about these three systems is offered in '''3 SECURING the ROOF ASSEMBLY'''.
 
−
<div id="SBSPMRA"></div>
 
  
−
====<big>Protected and Modified Protected Membrane Roof Assemblies</big>====
+
<ol>
−
NOTE: See more information on Protected and Modified Protected Roof Systems in Essential Elements.
+
<li>Supervision and installation of a RoofStar-guaranteed ''waterproofing roof system'' may be conducted only by established employees of the ''Contractor'', and every ''project'' must be supervised by a Journeyperson employee who holds a valid ticket.
−
#<span class="reference">In a '''Protected Membrane Roof Assembly''' ('''PMRA''') the membrane is applied directly to the supporting deck structure or the deck structure overlay (as required and/or specified), and protected from the elements, and from damage, with insulation and an overburden.  In this way, the membrane functions both to waterproof the roof and control air or vapour.</span>  Only RoofStar-accepted Extruded Expanded Polystyrene, or XPS, (conforming to CAN / CGSB-51.20-M87, Type 4) is acceptable for a '''PMRA'''.  <span class="reference">XPS is water-resistant (i.e. resistance to water absorption, moisture transfer, and capillary action), freeze-thaw cycling resistant, and possesses a high compressive strength.</span>  <span class="principles">If a drainage layer is specified, it is typically installed between the membrane and insulation.  An additional drainage layer may be installed above the insulation, together with a filter fabric mat and ballast or overburden.  These three components - a drainage layer, filter fabric and ballast - promote controlled drainage, resist infiltration of contaminants, resist the lifting forces of wind, and counteract the natural buoyancy of the insulation</span>.
+
<li>A Journeyperson may supervise a maximum of three (3) apprentices and/or three (3) labourers (Ref. RCABC Policy A-248).
−
#PMRA's are the required roof assembly design for certain types of overburden.  See '''14.1.2 Design''' for '''''RoofStar Guarantee Standards'''''.
+
</li></ol>
−
#<span class="reference">A '''Modified Protected Membrane Roof Assembly''' ('''MPMRA''') is similar to a '''PMRA''' except that a layer of insulation is installed underneath the membrane as well as on top. This may offer cost savings as only the top layer of insulation requires ballast and the bottom layer (mechanically-fastened or adhered) need not be Extruded Expanded Polystyrene and may be tapered to provide slope.</span> <span class="principles">As a '''general''' rule, two-thirds or more of the total thermal resistance (RSI or R value) should be above the membrane, but in '''all cases''' the ''Design Authority'' should perform the required psychrometric calculations before designing a roof system</span>.
 
  
−
===Accessibility for Maintenance===
+
===1.3.3. Replacement and Alterations===
−
While the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Standards''''' pertain to the design and construction of a leak-free roof, accessible design is still critical since a roof must be regularly maintained. Therefore, while the following list is not exhaustive, the ''Design Authority'' is urged to consider these guiding principles when designing a roof ''Project''.
+
(The requirements in [[#1.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 1.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)
−
#<span class="principles">Any hatch, ladder or mechanical unit should be located a sufficient distance away from the roof edge (setback zone) so that other fall protection measures are not required by those using or accessing this equipment. When it is not possible to situate a hatch, ladder or mechanical unit outside the setback zone, guard rails should be designed for the roof edge to provide additional fall protection for those using or accessing such equipment</span>.
 
−
#<span class="principles">Each roof should be designed to provide safe access for maintenance of roof drains, corners or mechanical equipment, where the roof is at least 3 m (10’) above the surface of the ground, or where a hazard to a person exists, should a fall be possible. This principle also applies to roof areas intended for regular occupancy. Therefore, provide fall protection in compliance with the Building Code having jurisdiction, and with the Workers Compensation Act Regulations, by designing appropriately located</span>
 
−
##<span class="principles">tall parapets</span>.
 
−
##<span class="principles">guardrails</span>.
 
−
##<span class="principles">tie-off anchors</span>.
 
  
−
===Quality Assurance===
+
====1.3.3.1. General Requirements====
−
See also '''1.6 RoofStar Guarantee: Coverage and Limitations'''
 
−
#<span class="recommended">An integrity scan is strongly recommended when the roof assembly protects a sensitive occupied space</span> (see '''14.1.2.1''').
 
−
#<span class="recommended">A permanently installed electronic leak detection system is recommended but not required</span>.
 
−
#<span class="recommended">Flood testing (as an alternative to an integrity scan) is not recommended</span>. When flood testing is specified, testing shall be conducted prior to installation of insulation and roof coverings, and must be performed to ASTM D5957.
 
  
−
====<big>Membrane Moisture Surveys and Electronic Leak Detection</big>====
+
<ol>
−
#<span class="recommended">A periodically monitored Electronic Leak Detection (ELD) system is recommended for Projects where multiple trades will have access to a roof that is under construction and completed, in order to identify breaches in the membrane in a timely way and avoid future costly delays</span>.
+
<li>{{hilite | Unless expressly permitted otherwise in this Standard, all replacement roofing shall conform to the requirements for new roofing in this Standard. || 2023-June-16 }}
−
#Neither an integrity scan nor an Electronic Leak Detection (ELD) system are considered Accepted Materials, but firms that provide these services are nevertheless specifically recognized and approved by the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program'''''.
+
</li></ol>
−
##<span class="reference">An integrity scan is performed after the installation of the membrane but before any other part of the roof assembly or covering is installed.  It uses low-voltage electrical current to detect even the smallest breaches in a finished roof membrane</span>.
 
−
##<span class="reference">An ELD utilizes low-voltage electrical current, typically conducted through wires installed in a grid pattern, and are used in response to a leak, to isolate its location in order to minimize investigation time and material removal.  ELDs may be passive (installed but not monitored) or actively monitored (by the installer, through real-time data collection)</span>.
 
−
#Only electronic leak detection systems specifically approved by the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''' are acceptable.
 
−
#A leak detection system must provide detection capabilities for the entire roof surface covered by roof covering, and must extend at least 50 mm (2") vertically from the water plane at
 
−
##all transitions.
 
−
##any point along the entire deck perimeter.
 
−
##protrusions.
 
  
−
==Scope==
+
====1.3.3.2. Complete Roof System Replacement====
−
The '''Guarantee Standards''', Guiding Principles, Recommendations and Reference Materials in this '''Manual''' pertain to both new roofing construction and replacement roofing, unless explicitly stated otherwise.
 
  
−
===New Construction===
+
<ol>
−
New roof construction must utilize only newly manufactured materials, and may not incorporate recycled products, unless with the expressed, written consent of the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program'''''.
+
<li>See the requirements throughout this Standard, which apply to both new construction and replacement of a ''roof system''.
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
===Replacement Roofing===
+
====1.3.3.3. Partial Roof Replacement====
−
As a roof ages, is neglected or is damaged, it may lose its ability to perform reliably and effectively, necessitating replacement. Replacement roofing, also referred to as "re-roofing," whether made in whole or in part, should be undertaken with the Quality Assurance and Quality Control provided for under the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program'''''. Regardless of the approach to replacement roofing, the existing deck structure must meet the pullout resistance rating for mechanical fasteners, and must be capable of supporting all dead and live loads. Furthermore, the deck must be capable of supporting any additional dead loads of the new roof system.
 
  
−
Three types of replacement roofing are contemplated and permitted (with varying degrees of limitations and conditions) under the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''':
+
<ol>
−
*'''System Replacement''' - removal and replacement of all roof system components, except for the supporting deck structure.
+
<li>See the requirements throughout this Standard, which apply to both new construction and replacement of a roof membrane.
−
*'''Membrane Replacement''' – removal and replacement of the roof membrane, while retaining existing roof system components (i.e. insulation, ballast).
+
</li></ol>
−
*'''Recovering''' - installation of a new membrane over an existing membrane, while retaining some or all of the other roof system materials (NOTE: Recovering is permitted only with a written Variance issued by the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''').
 
−
<br>
 
−
Qualifying and construction conditions and limitations for each of these replacement options are described below.  Other conditions and limitation may be determined by the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''' administration subject to the nature and specifications of the Replacement Roofing Project.
 
  
−
====<big>System Replacement</big>====
+
====1.3.3.4. Membrane Recovering====
−
Roof system replacement includes the removal of all components, and must be comply with the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Standards''''' for new roof construction. Subject to the requirements in '''6 AIR and VAPOUR CONTROLS''', the decision to reuse and repair an existing air or vapour control layer remains the responsibility of the ''Design Authority''.
+
(See [[#1.1.4.4. Membrane Recovering | Article 1.1.4.4.]])
  
−
====<big>Membrane Replacement</big>====
+
<ol>
−
Membrane replacement is a partial roof system replacement, limited to the membrane or materials adhered to the membrane.  For membrane replacement to qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''',
+
<li>All wet material identified by either the independent moisture detection survey or through cut tests shall be removed in the course of construction.
−
#the ''Design Authority'' must be certain the existing roof system is properly secured to the existing deck structure (see '''3 SECURING the ROOF ASSEMBLY''').
+
<li>{{hilite | When recovering <u>''uninsulated systems''</u>|| 2022-June-17 }},
−
#the existing field membrane must be removed and replaced with a new insulation overlay board and a new membrane.
+
<ol>
−
#existing membrane flashing must be removed and replaced with new materials.
+
<li>{{hilite | deteriorated wood ''decks'' must be repaired with new material of like kind and quality; a new ''roof system'' shall not be installed on a compromised ''deck''|| 2022-June-17 }},
−
#the design must comply with the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Standards''''' for new roof construction.
+
<li>{{hilite | the existing membrane system must be|| 2022-June-17 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | clean and free of debris, gravel, or blisters|| 2022-June-17 }}, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | cut at the perimeter change in plane to relieve any tension or distortions in the membrane|| 2022-June-17 }}, and
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | the existing field and flashing membranes must be overlaid with a mechanically attached, inorganic moisture-resistant insulation overlay board acceptable to the '''''Guarantor''''', secured to conform to the requirements in [[#Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly | Part 3]]|| 2022-June-17 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | When recovering <u>''conventionally insulated systems''</u>|| 2022-June-17 }}, {{hilite | the existing membrane must be cut through|| 2022-June-17 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>in a grid pattern measuring no larger than 6m x 6m (approximately 20' x 20'), and
 +
<li>around the perimeter of the roof area, no more than 0.2 m (8") from the edge.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>A grid-cut field membrane must be overlaid with a mechanically attached, inorganic moisture-resistant insulation overlay board acceptable to the '''''Guarantor'''''.
 +
<li>When expanded polystyrene insulation (EPS) is present in an existing ''roof system'', the existing membrane must be overlaid with at least one layer of 50.8 mm (2”) mineral wool or polyisocyanurate insulation, in combination with a RoofStar-accepted insulation overlay board (as required).
 +
<li>New ''membrane system'' materials must be properly secured to the underlying ''roof assembly''.
 +
<li>All membrane recovering ''projects'' must incorporate only new
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>strip-in flashings for roof penetrations (Ref. [[#Part 12 - Penetrations and Curbs | Part 12]]),
 +
<li>roof drains (cast-iron roof drains in usable condition are exempted from this requirement; see [[#11.3.3.2. General Requirements for Cast-iron Roof Drains | Article 11.3.3.2.]]), and
 +
<li>''linear metal flashings'' (Ref. [[#Part 13 - Linear Metal Flashing | Part 13]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
====<big>Recovering</big>====
+
====1.3.3.5. Tie-ins, Additions, and Alterations to Existing Roofing====
−
<span class="recommended">Recovering - installing a new membrane over an existing membrane - is permitted in certain circumstances, though it is not a recommended practice and will limit the scope of coverage for the '''''RoofStar Guarantee'''''</span>.  Roof recovering may qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''', but qualification is subject to the Conditions and limitations listed below.  Roof recovering is permitted only with a written Variance issued by the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program'''''.  A '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' issued for a recovered roof is limited strictly to the value of new roof system materials; existing materials that remain in place beneath new materials do not qualify for coverage under the '''''RoofStar Guarantee'''''.
 
−
 
−
=====<u><big>Recovering: Project Qualifications</big></u>=====
 
  
−
Any Variance permitting roof recovering must be applied for in writing by the ''Design Authority'', addressed to the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''' prior to the tendering of documents.  To qualify for a Variance, the following conditions must be met and confirmed in the written application:
+
<ol>
−
#The new roof system must be properly secured to the existing deck structure (see '''3 SECURING the ROOF ASSEMBLY''').
+
<li>Where a new roof adjoins and ties into an existing roof, the two areas must be isolated and separated by a curb joint securely attached to the structure and waterproofed in keeping with the requirements for ''control joints'' ([[#10.1.6.2. Control Joints (Roof Dividers) | Article 10.1.6.2.]] and [[#10.3.6.2. Control Joints | Article 10.3.6.2.]]).  
−
#The existing roof system must be distinct and physically separate from other roof areas.
+
<li>If the ''Design Authority'' has obtained from the '''''Guarantor''''' a written Variance that permits the elimination of curb joints, the new ''roof system'' must be fully isolated from the existing ''roof system'' with a positive water cut-off that renders the new ''roof system'' easily distinguishable from the existing ''roof system''.
−
#The request for a Variance must identify the type of roof assembly - Conventionally Insulated, ''Protected Membrane Roof Assembly'' (PMRA) or ''Modified Protected Membrane Roof Assembly'' (MPMRA).
+
</li></ol>
−
#Conventionally Insulated Assemblies Only: The existing roof system must be independently surveyed by qualified professionals using calibrated moisture detection equipment and cut tests, and the resulting survey shall be formally documented for review by the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''' administration.  The following requirements for cut tests apply, based on roof area.  All cut tests shall be independently documented for review by the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''':   
 
−
##At least three (3) cut tests for roof areas up to 20,000 sf (200 squares), or one (1) cut test for every 2000 sf (20 squares), whichever is more.
 
−
##One (1) cut test for every 3000 sf (30 squares) of roof area that exceeds the first 20,000 sf (200 squares).
 
−
##One (1) cut test for each small roof area measuring no more than 200 sf (2 squares).
 
−
##Where the Roof has been constructed with a structurally sloped deck, at least 50% of the required cut tests shall sample roof areas in or near valleys, and areas; samples shall also be taken near roof drains. 
 
−
##Where the Roof has been constructed with a structurally flat deck, samples shall be taken near roof drains and in a random pattern across the roof. 
 
−
##All cut tests for existing SBS-modified membrane roof systems shall be performed to ''ASTM D7636/D7636M - 11 Standard Practice for Sampling and Analysis of Modified Bitumen Roof Systems''.
 
−
#Existing conventionally insulated roof systems constructed with Expanded Polystyrene insulation (EPS) may qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''', subject to the General Conditions and Limitations below.
 
  
−
=====<u><big>Recovering: General Conditions and Limitations</big></u>=====
+
====1.3.3.6. Repairs and Modifications====
  
−
In addition to the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Standards''''' found in this '''Manual''', the following additional requirements and conditions apply:
+
<ol>
−
#All wet material identified by either the independent moisture detection survey or through cut tests shall be
+
<li>{{hilite | When a ''roof system'' that is covered by an active (unexpired) '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' has been damaged or otherwise requires repairs, work shall conform to the specifications of the material manufacturers, and to the requirements in this Standard, with respect to (without limitation) || 2023-June-16 }}
−
##specified for removal.
+
<ol>
−
##removed in the course of construction.
+
<li>{{hilite | the securement of new materials || 2023-June-16 }} ([[#Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly | Part 3]]),
−
#The existing membrane on a conventionally insulated roof assembly must be cut through
+
<li>{{hilite | deck or wall overlays || 2023-June-16 }} ([[#Part 5 - Deck and Wall Overlays | Part 5]]),
−
##in a grid pattern measuring no larger than 6m x 6m (approximately 20' x 20').
+
<li>{{hilite | ''continuity'' of air and vapour controls || 2023-June-16 }} ([[#Part 6 - Air and Vapour Controls | Part 6]]),
−
##around the perimeter of the roof area, no more than 0.2 m (8") from the edge.
+
<li>{{hilite | thermal resistance and insulation overlays || 2023-June-16 }} ([[#Part 7 - Insulation | Part 7]] and [[#Part 8 - Insulation Overlays | Part 8]]),
−
#A grid-cut field membrane must be overlaid with a mechanically attached insulation overlay board acceptable to the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program'''''; notwithstanding this requirement, only non-organic and moisture-resistant overlay boards may be used in the Project.
+
<li>{{hilite | membranes || 2023-June-16 }} ([[#Part 9 - Roof Field (Membrane Systems) | Part 9]]),  
−
#When Expanded Polystyrene insulation (EPS) is present in an existing roof assembly, the existing membrane must be overlaid with at least one layer of 50 mm (2”) mineral wool or polyisocyanurate insulation, in combination with a RoofStar-accepted insulation overlay board (as required).
+
<li>{{hilite | membrane flashing || 2023-June-16 }} ([[#Part 10 - Perimeters and Walls | Part 10]]),
−
#New membranes must be properly secured to the underlying roof assembly.
+
<li>{{hilite | drains || 2023-June-16 }} ([[#Part 11 - Drainage | Part 11]]),
−
#Only new strip-in flashings for roof penetrations are acceptable for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee'''''; existing flashings are not permitted.
+
<li>{{hilite | penetrations and curbs || 2023-June-16 }} ([[#Part 12 - Penetrations and Curbs | Part 12]]), and
−
#Only new roof drains are acceptable for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''', and under no circumstances shall existing roof drains be reused.
+
<li>{{hilite | linear metal flashings || 2023-June-16 }} ([[#Part 13 - Linear Metal Flashing | Part 13]]).
−
#Only new metal flashings are acceptable for installation at perimeters or at membrane terminations, and under no circumstances shall existing metal flashings be reused.
+
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Modifications to an existing ''roof system'' covered by an active (unexpired) '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''', including (without limitation) the addition of new ''curbs'', drains, or penetrations, shall conform to all the requirements in this Standard, or as otherwise stated. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
==Workmanship==
+
===1.3.4. Reserved===
−
While integrity and functionality of a new roof or waterproofed deck is the foundation of a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''', it is no less important to ensure that the end product exhibits excellent workmanship.
 
  
−
==RoofStar Guarantee: Coverage and Limitations==
 
−
A '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' is available for almost any roof design, provided it is designed and built to the Standards in this '''Manual'''.  That said, there are limitations and conditions.  They are listed on the Guarantee Certificate, and include (without limitation) the following:
 
−
#Notwithstanding the definition of ''Roof Assembly'', the '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' does not cover the quality, installation or performance of the supporting deck structure.
 
−
#The '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' (subject to the limitations described herein or stated on the Guarantee Certificate) is a guarantee against leaks only, caused only by a failure of materials or by roofing contractor workmanship.
 
−
#Notwithstanding any of the Guarantee requirements in this '''Manual''', a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' <u>will not cover</u>
 
−
##Leaks resulting from
 
−
###improper design.
 
−
###overloading of the roof assembly.
 
−
###water entry from other building components (walls, skylights, etc.).
 
−
###neglected roof maintenance.
 
−
##the costs to remove and reinstall irrigation or other services (including, without limitation, electrical and gas services).
 
−
##replacement (new for old) of any Overburden.
 
−
##damage or leaks caused by the roots of invasive plant species (for example, certain varieties of bamboo or willow), regardless of measures taken to protect the membrane.
 
−
##a sacrificial third ply, used as a walkway or warning zone, as it is not considered part of the roof system.
 
−
#Overburdens may be installed on conventionally insulated or Protected (“inverted”) roofs, but not all designs are suitable for any type, size or depth of Overburden (see '''14 THE ROOF as a PLATFORM''').  <span class="recommended">The RGC recommends that a roof supporting overburden be designed and constructed as a ''Protected Membrane Roof Assembly''</span>.  The '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' may be void if a roof is designed and constructed with overburden that exceeds the capabilities of a conventional roof assembly.
 
−
#Every ''Protected Membrane Roof Assembly'' must be electronically scanned immediately prior to the installation of roof materials above the membrane, to ensure it is leak and damage-free.
 
−
#'''Electronic Leak Detection''' is optional, unless the roof design or construction supports overburden with the following characteristics:
 
−
##Each object equals or exceeds 90 Kg (200 lbs).
 
−
##Point loading of any individual object equals or exceeds 138 kPa (20 psi).
 
−
##Overburden exceeds 150 mm (6”) in depth.
 
−
#'''Pre-curbs and Concrete Features'''
 
−
##When concrete walls or structures are constructed without a pre-curb, all concrete surfaces must be fully and continuously enveloped with the primary roof membrane.
 
−
##While the application of non‐penetrating bonded tiling or other architectural finishes to the waterproofing membrane is acceptable for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''', and is subject to approval by the membrane manufacturer, the removal, reinstallation or replacement of any bonded finish, in order to investigate and repair leaks under the terms of the Guarantee, is the responsibility of others.
 
−
#'''Modifications to the Roof during the Guarantee Term'''
 
−
##RGC must be notified in writing of any modifications or repairs to the roof under guarantee.
 
−
##The owner must ensure that any modifications or repair work done on the roof during the guarantee period is performed to '''''RoofStar Guarantee Standards''''' by a roofing contractor, and is inspected by a RoofStar-accepted inspection firm.
 
−
#'''Maintenance''': the building owner must ensure that the roof and its components are properly maintained.  Debris in drains, caulking on or around metal flashings, and wind scouring of gravel are considered maintenance issues.
 
−
#'''Removal and Reinstallation of Overburdens''': in order to investigate and repair a leak, the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''' must be allowed to remove Overburdens, to expose the membrane.  The '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' pays for the removal and reinstallation of <u>accessible overburdens only</u>, when they are installed by the Contractor, regardless of the roof design.  The cost to remove, care for and reinstall any Overburden that exceeds these limits or conditions, which is ''inaccessible'' or which was supplied or installed by others, will be borne by the Owner.
 
−
##'''Maximum coverage area''': limited to one physically defined roof area (no maximum size)
 
−
##The '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' pays for removal and reinstallation of
 
−
###''Extensive vegetated roof systems'', provided they are comprised of trays or other modular methods and are less than 150 mm (6”) in depth, exclusive of the plants.
 
−
###other accessible roof coverings, provided they are unitized (for example, pavers on pedestals) and do not exceed 1 M2 or 90 Kg (200 lb.) per unit.
 
−
###gravel ballast and its associated drainage or protection material components, provided the ballast is less than 150 mm (6”) deep.
 
−
###structures, furnishings or planters provided each item, or any single component of each item, is easily detachable, does not require a specialty trade, and is no heavier than 90 Kg (200 lb).
 
 
<hr>
 
<hr>
−
<div id="SBSDECKS"></div>
+
<div id=PART_2></div>
−
=SUPPORTING STRUCTURES: Decks and Walls=
+
 
−
==General==
+
=Part 2 - Supporting Structures: Decks and Walls=
−
#The British Columbia Building Code, or the building code having jurisdiction, prevails in all cases except where it is exceeded by the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Standards''''' published in this '''Manual'''.
+
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-2 | Note A-2]])
−
#Notwithstanding the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Standards''''' published in this '''Manual''', the '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' does not extend coverage to the supporting roof deck or to its securement, which is the responsibility of the ''Design Authority'' and the building contractor.
+
 
−
#Prior to the application of the roof system, the supporting deck structure (roof deck) and other surfaces receiving membranes must be smooth, straight, clean and free of
+
=={{hilite | Section 2.1. Design || 2021-June-30 }}==
−
##moisture.
+
===2.1.1. General===
−
##frost.
+
====2.1.1.1. Scope====
−
##dust and debris.
+
 
−
##contaminants.
+
<ol>
−
##objectionable surface treatments.
+
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
−
##release oils.
+
</li></ol>
−
##laitance.<br/><br/>
+
 
−
#:If surface drying is required prior to roofing, use blown air to facilitate this.
+
====2.1.1.2. {{strike| Definitions || 2024-October-23 }}{{hilite | Defined Terms || 2025-October-25 }}====
−
#<span class="principles">Walls, parapets, curbs, blocking and penetrations should be constructed or placed prior to the commencement of roofing work. This work is provided by other trades</span>.
+
({{hilite | See Figure 2.1.3.1.-A || 2025-October-25 }})
−
#<span class="principles">The supporting deck structure should be dimensionally stable and capable of accommodating roof system component movement</span>.
 
  
−
==Roof Slope==
 
−
===General===
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>{{hilite | The RoofStar Guarantee Program classifies roofs according to their function – waterproofing or water-shedding.  Within each classification, slope is defined as follows || 2020-February-15 }}:
+
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].  Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part:
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>{{hilite | '''Flat Slope''' means a roof with a slope less than 1:6 (2” in 12”, or 9 degrees). || 2020-February-15 }}
+
<li>''Common Slope'' means a roof with a slope 1:3 (4” in 12”, or 18 degrees), up to and including 1:1 (12” in 12”, or 45 degrees).
−
<li>{{hilite | '''Low Slope''' means a roof with a slope from 1:6 (2” in 12”, or 9 degrees) up to but less than 1:3 (4” in 12”, or 18 degrees). || 2020-February-15 }}
+
<li>{{hilite | ''Deck overlay''|| 2021-June-30 }} {{hilite | means a panel material secured to the ''supporting deck'', to render the deck surface suitable for the installation of roofing materials|| 2021-June-30 }}.
−
<li>{{hilite | '''Common Slope''' means a roof with a slope 1:3 (4” in 12”, or 18 degrees) up to and including 1:1 (12” in 12”, or 45 degrees). || 2020-February-15 }}
+
<li>''Extreme Slope'' means a roof with a slope <u>greater than</u> 21:12 (21” in 12”, or 84 degrees).
−
<li>{{hilite | '''Steep Slope''' means a roof with a slope greater than 1:1 (12” in 12”, or 45 degrees) up to and including 21:12 (21” in 12”, or 84 degrees). || 2020-February-15 }}
+
<li>''Flat'' (roof) means a roof with a slope less than 1:6 (2” in 12”, or 9 degrees).
−
<li>{{hilite | '''Extreme Slope''' means a roof with a slope greater than 21:12 (21” in 12”, or 84 degrees). || 2020-February-15 }}
+
<li>''Low Slope'' means a roof with a slope 1:6 (2" in 12", or 9 degrees, up to but less than 1:3 (4” in 12”, or 18 degrees).
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Sheathing'' means a rigid panel material secured directly onto framing. || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>''Steep Slope'' means a roof with a slope <u>greater than</u> 1:1 (12” in 12”, or 45 degrees) up to and including 21:12 (21” in 12”, or 84 degrees).
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Supporting deck'' ("deck")|| 2021-June-30 }} {{hilite | means the "structural surface to which a ''roof system'' is applied" (adapted from ''ASTM D1079-18 Standard Terminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproofing'')|| 2021-June-30 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Wall''|| 2021-June-30 }} {{hilite | means a structural or non-structural element in a building that vertically separates space.  ''Walls'' may separate the outside environment from the interior conditioned space of a building, or they may separate one or more interior spaces from each other (adapted from ASTM E631-15, "Standard Terminology of Building Constructions")|| 2021-June-30 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Wall overlay''|| 2021-June-30 }} {{hilite | means a panel material secured to the surface of a ''wall'', to render it suitable for the installation of roofing or wall cladding materials|| 2021-June-30 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 
<br>
 
<br>
−
<br>
+
::{|
−
{{hilite | See Figure 2.1 for an illustrated guide to the above definitions. || 2020-February-15 }}
+
|-
−
{| class="wikitable" | style="margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; border: none;"
+
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:500px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 2.1.1.2.-A Roof Slope''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Article 2.1.1.2. || 2025-October-25 }}<br><small>(Click to expand illustration)</small>
−
|+{{hilite | Figure 2.1 || 2020-February-15 }}
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[File:2.1 Slope illustration.jpg|link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/d/d3/2.1_Slope_illustration.jpg | 600 px]]
+
| [[File:Figure 2.1.1.2.-A (Slopes).jpg|link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/4/4d/Figure_2.1.1.2.-A_%28Slopes%29.jpg| 450 px]]
 
|}
 
|}
 +
 +
===2.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
 +
====2.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
 +
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
 
</li></ol>
 
</li></ol>
−
<li><span class="reference">Roof slope can be achieved either by designing the roof structure with sloped decks, or by introducing slope with tapered board insulation</span>.
+
 
−
#Deflection and settlement may interfere with roof drainage. Therefore, the ''Design Authority'' must take into consideration the anticipated deflection of the structure when designing the roof for proper drainage.
+
====2.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====
−
<li><span class="principles">Drainage is best achieved (in descending order of best practices) with</span>
+
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', {{hilite | and shall (for replacement roofs) || 2020-October-22 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | be designed with a minimum slope of 2% (1/4” in 12”), measured on the primary sloped planes of the roof || 2020-October-22 }}, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | incorporate crickets at ''curbs'' and sleepers that impede drainage or are wider or longer than 1219.2 mm (48”)|| 2020-October-22 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===2.1.3. All Systems===
 +
====2.1.3.1. General Requirements for Roof Slope====
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-2.1.3.1. | Note A-2.1.3.1.]])
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The ''Design Authority'' must design the slope of a roof to achieve proper drainage and must take into consideration the anticipated deflection and settlement of the structure, which may interfere with drainage.
 +
{{strike| <li>Throughout this Standard, the defined terms of [[#2.1.1.2. Definitions | Article 2.1.1.2.]] apply (See Figure 2.1.3-A for an illustrated guide to the above definitions). || 2024-October-24 }}
 +
<li><span class="principles">While good drainage is desirable but not always perfectly achievable, and roof ''waterproofing systems'' generally are not affected by standing water, each ''project'' design should incorporate sufficient slope to move water off the roof surface</span>.
 +
<li>"Sufficient slope", which is subject to conditions that permit evaporation, shall mean that no standing water remains on the roof surface after a reasonable interval following a rainfall</span> (See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-2.1.3.1.(4) | Note A-2.1.3.1.(4)]]).
 +
<li><span class="principles">Roof slope should be increased beyond the minimums published in this Standard when local climate conditions, such as rainfall frequency or severity, result in ongoing or significant ponding conditions</span> (see [[#2.1.3.2. Roof Slope for New Construction | Article 2.1.3.2.]] and [[#2.1.3.3. Roof Slope for Replacement Roofing | Article 2.1.3.3.]] for minimum requirements).
 +
<li><span class="principles">Drainage (slope toward plumbing drains) should be achieved (in descending order of best practices) with</span>
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="principles">four-way slope to drain</span>,
 +
<li><span class="principles">two-way slope to drain, in combination with crickets between drains</span>,
 +
<li><span class="principles">slope to a common valley, or to gutters</span>, or
 +
<li><span class="recommended">positive sloping valleys to drains (highly recommended)</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">The use of drain sumps, designed to isolate collected water for the drain, is {{hilite | highly || 2020-October-22 }} recommended</span>, but sloping the perimeters of a sump is not required (See also [[#11.1.3.1. Principles of Design | Article 11.1.3.1., "Principles of Design"]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====2.1.3.2. Roof Slope for New Construction====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>All new construction roofs must be designed and built with a slope of no less than 2% (1/4” in 12”), measured on the primary sloped planes of the roof.
 +
<li>When the slope of the primary plane of drainage
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>is less than 6% (3/4" in 12"), it must be covered with a 2-ply membrane ''roof system''.
 +
<li>is equal to or greater than 6% (3/4" in 12"), it may be covered with a single-ply membrane ''roof system''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====2.1.3.3. Roof Slope for Replacement Roofing====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Replacement roof systems may qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''' without correcting poor drainage, though <span class="recommended">the elimination of ponding (standing water) is strongly recommended</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====2.1.3.4. Deck Condition and Suitability for Roofing====
 +
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li><span class="principles">four-way slope to drain</span>.
+
<li>The Code having jurisdiction prevails in all cases except where it is exceeded by the requirements published in this Standard.
−
<li><span class="principles">two-way slope to drain, in combination with crickets between drains</span>.
+
<li>Notwithstanding the requirements in this Standard, the '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' does not cover the ''supporting deck'' material or its attachment to the building structure, which is the responsibility of the ''Design Authority'' and the building contractor.
−
<li><span class="principles">slope to a common valley, or with gutters</span>.
+
<li>The supporting ''deck'' must be dimensionally stable, resist deflection from dead and live loads, and must be capable of accommodating ''roof system'' component movement.
−
<li><span class="recommended">positive sloping valleys to drains (highly recommended)</span>.</li></ol>
+
<li><span class="principles">''Walls'', ''parapets'', ''curbs'', blocking, and penetrations should be constructed or placed by other trades prior to the commencement of roofing work</span>.
−
<li><span class="principles">Curbs that span 1800 mm (6’) or more across the drainage plane should be designed with a cricket to divert water around the curb</span>.
+
</li></ol>
−
<li>Drain sumps, designed to isolate collected water for the drain, need not be sloped.  <span class="recommended">The use of drain sumps is recommended but not required</span>.  See also '''11.1.2.1.4'''.</li>
 
−
</ol>
 
  
−
===New Construction===
+
====2.1.3.5. Drainage Around Obstructions====
−
#All new construction roofs that qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' must be designed and built with a slope of no less than 2% (1/4” in 12”), measured on the primary sloped planes of the roof.
 
−
#Single-ply SBS roof systems must be designed and built with a slope of no less than 6% (3/4" in 12"), measured on the primary sloped planes of the roof. Any roof areas with slopes less than 6% (3/4" in 12") require 2-ply membrane assemblies.
 
  
−
===Replacement Roofing===
+
<ol>
−
#Replacement roof assemblies may qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' without correcting poor drainage, though <span class="recommended">the elimination of ponding (standing water) is strongly recommended</span>.
+
<li><span class="principles">''Curbs'' that span 2438.4 mm (96") or more when measured perpendicular to roof slope, across the direction of drainage, should be designed with a cricket to divert water around the ''curb''</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
==Supporting Deck Types==
+
===2.1.4. Reserved===
−
<div id="SBS-STEELDECK"></div>
+
===2.1.5. Roof Decks===
−
===Steel===
+
====2.1.5.1. Steel Roof Decks====
−
<span class="reference">Steel roof decks are constructed of light gauge (usually 22, 20, or 18 gauge) cold-rolled steel sections (panels) that are usually galvanized. In cross-section the panels are ribbed, with the ribs usually spaced at 150 mm (6") O.C. The ribs provide the strength and rigidity of the panels. Steel decks are generally supported by open-web steel joist framing and are welded or mechanically-fastened to the framework</span>. <br>
+
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-2.1.5.1.| Note A-2.1.5.1.]]) (See also [[#Part 9 - Roof Field (Membrane Systems) | Part 9]] and [[#Part 10 - Perimeters and Walls | Part 10]] for substrate preparation requirements)
  
−
<span class="reference">For more information about steel decks, see</span> [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Roof_Decks '''Roof Decks'''] <span class="reference">under ''B. Essential Elements''</span>.
+
<ol>
−
#Steel deck panels must be installed to provide a smooth uniform surface for roofing.
+
<li>{{hilite | Steel ''decks'' must be acceptable to the ''manufacturer'' and must conform to either || 2023-June-16 }}
−
#<span class="principles">A thermal barrier may be required to conform to Building Code or fire insurance-rated assemblies, when the roof assembly is insulated (usually when the insulation is classified as combustible)</span>. 
+
<ol>
−
#Uninsulated systems require a deck overlay for the membrane. An accepted moisture resistant fibreglass-faced, silicon treated gypsum core board may serve both as a thermal barrier and as a level surface.  For more about this, see '''5.3.2 Steel'''.
+
<li>ASTM Standard Specification A653 / A653M, "Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) or Zinc-Iron Alloy-Coated (Galvannealed) by the Hot-Dip Process": Structural (Physical) Quality, minimum Grade 33, with a design thickness of 22-gauge (0.759 mm) or greater and a minimum zinc coating designation ''Z275'', or
 +
<li>ASTM Standard Specification A792 / A792M, "Steel Sheet, Aluminum-Zinc Alloy-Coated by the Hot-Dip Process": General Requirements, minimum Grade 33, with a design thickness of 22-gauge (0.759 mm) or greater and a minimum aluminum-zinc alloy coating designation ''AZ150''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
===Concrete===
+
====2.1.5.2. Concrete Roof Decks====
−
<span class="reference">Concrete roof decks to which a roofing system is applied include the following types:</span>
+
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-2.1.5.2.| Note A-2.1.5.2.]])
−
*<span class="reference">Cast-in-place</span>.
 
−
*<span class="reference">Pre-cast panels</span>.
 
−
*<span class="reference">Pre-stressed panels</span>.
 
−
*<span class="reference">Lightweight</span>.
 
−
<span class="recommended">Not all membrane assemblies are suitable for application on every type of concrete deck, and therefore the ''Design Authority'' is strongly urged to consider potential deck deflection when designing the assembly</span>.<br>
 
  
−
<span class="reference">For more information about concrete decks, see</span> [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Roof_Decks '''Roof Decks'''] <span class="reference">under ''B. Essential Elements''</span>.
+
<ol>
−
#It is not permissible to adhere roof membranes to freshly poured concrete supporting deck structures, within the first 28 days after pouring, unless expressly instructed in writing by the Building Envelope Engineer. Adhered means adhered by means of an adhesive, hot bitumen or the process of torch-welding.
+
<li>Cast-in-place and precast concrete decks must cure for at least 28 days before receiving an adhered roof membrane ("adhered", as it is used in this requirement, means fully or intermittently bonding any membrane to the ''deck'' with an adhesive, hot asphalt (bitumen), or heat), but this limitation may be reduced if
−
#Deck preparation by others:
+
<ol>
−
##Remove all ridges and bumps, and repair cracks.
+
<li>both the building envelope engineer {{hilite | and the ''manufacturer'' || 2023-June-16 }} expressly permit membrane application within the first 28 days after pouring, and
−
##Feather with grout all weld plates and elevation differences.
+
<li>their respective signed letters of permission are furnished to the '''''Guarantor''''' forthwith, to be included with the ''project'' record.
−
#<span class="principles">Pre-cast decks joints should be “taped” or stripped-in with a membrane ply</span>.
+
</li></ol>
 +
{{strike| <li>{{hilite | Membranes may not be adhered to lightweight insulation concrete unless expressly permitted by the ''manufacturer''. || 2023-June-16 }} || 2024-October-24 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | Shotcrete-formed concrete decks are not an acceptable substrate for the application of sheet membranes. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
===Wood===
+
====2.1.5.3. All Wood Roof Decks====
−
<span class="reference">Wood is a common roof deck construction material that has been used for many years because of its economy, ease of fabrication, lighter construction, and ready availability. Acceptable wood roof decks may include (without limitation)</span>
+
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-2.1.5.3.| Note A-2.1.5.3.]])
−
*<span class="reference">wood board (dimensional lumber, ship-lapped planking, etc.)</span>.
 
−
*<span class="reference">plywood</span>.
 
−
*<span class="reference">non-veneered wood decks (oriented strand board, waferboard, etc.)</span>.
 
−
*<span class="reference">laminated timber</span>.
 
−
<span class="reference">For more information about wood decks, see</span> [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Roof_Decks '''Roof Decks'''] <span class="reference">under ''B. Essential Elements''</span>.
 
 
   
 
   
−
The following criteria apply to all types of wood decks:
+
<ol>
−
#All wood decks shall conform in thickness and fastening methods with the local or provincial Building Code having jurisdiction. Regardless, to qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''', plywood or non-veneered panels (such as O.S.B. or wafer board) used as a roof deck must be at least 12.7 mm (1/2”) thick.
+
<li>Wood decks  
−
#Differential edge movements or deflection measured in excess of 1/360 of the span must be prevented by any of the following options:
+
<ol>
−
##construct the deck with tongue-and-groove plywood, and support the non-grooved edges with joists or solid blocking.
+
<li>must conform to the material requirements of the Code (see "British Columbia Building Code", Division B, Part 9, [https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcbc2018/bcbc_2018dbp9s923 Article 9.23.16.2.. "Material Standards"]),
−
##support butt joints with solid blocking under non-supported edges.
+
<li>shall be free of loose knots or cracks,
−
#All wood decks must be affixed to the supporting framing or structure with corrosion-resistant
+
<li>{{hilite | shall have a moisture content acceptable to the ''manufacturer'' (for self-adhered or adhered membranes, moisture content shall not exceed 19%; Ref. Canadian Wood Council, || 2023-October-28 }} [https://cwc.ca/en/why-build-with-wood/durability/durability-hazards/moisture-and-wood/ "Moisture and Wood"]), and
−
##wood screws.
+
<li>{{hilite |shall be secured to other supporting structural elements of the building in keeping with the published requirements of the Code having jurisdiction || 2021-February-7 }}; specifying the structural suitability of fasteners is the responsibility of the ''Design Authority''.
−
##spiral nails.
+
</li></ol>
−
##ring shank nails.<br/><br/>
+
<li>Differential edge movements or deflection exceeding 1/360 of the span must be prevented
−
#:The structural suitability of the fastener is the responsibility of the ''Design Authority''.
+
<ol>
−
#All wood decks with knots or cracks must
+
<li>by constructing the ''deck'' with tongue-and-groove plywood, and supporting the non-grooved edges with joists or solid blocking, or
−
##have metal affixed over them before the deck can be accepted for roofing (this work should be done by others).
+
<li>by supporting butt joints at unsupported edges with solid blocking.
−
##be overlaid with a layer of knot-free 12.7 mm (1/2”) plywood.
+
</li></ol>
−
#<span class="principles">All types of wood decks should be roofed promptly after installation</span>.
+
<li>{{hilite | All {{strike| mass timber or || 2022-October-28 }} {{hilite | wood board ''decks'' to which a membrane will be directly applied || 2023-October-28 }} must be covered with a properly secured, suitable overlay to || 2021-February-7 }}
−
#<span class="recommended">When a plywood deck is intended to support a ''Protected Membrane Roof Assembly'' and a vegetated roof system, the plywood should be marine-grade T&G material at least 19 mm (3/4”) thick, depending up on the anticipated live and dead loads of the roof systems.  The ''Design Authority'' is responsible to calculate these loads and design suitable approaches to mitigate deflection</span>.
+
<ol>
−
#When membranes are installed directly on a wood deck, all knots or cracks shall be covered with metal prior to acceptance of deck surface. This work should be done by others.  
+
<li>ensure the integrity of the membrane{{strike|as mass timber elements contract and expand|| 2022-October-28 }}, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | protect membranes from wood sap or ''deck'' surface irregularities and protruding fasteners{{strike| ; plywood and non-veneered panel ''decks'' are exempted from this requirement || 2022-October-28 }} || 2021-February-7 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Mass timber wood ''decks'' do not require an overlay unless specified by the ''manufacturer''. || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
<li>Securement of overlaid sheathing shall conform to the requirements for wood ''decks'' in this Part.
 +
<li><span class="principles">All types of wood ''decks'' should be roofed promptly after installation</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====2.1.5.4. Plywood Roof Decks====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="principles">Plywood panels should conform to CSA 0121, “Douglas Fir Plywood”, CSA 0151, “Canadian Softwood Plywood”, or CSA 0153, “Poplar Plywood”</span>, but in any event must conform to the requirements published in the Code having jurisdiction (See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-2.1.5.4.(1)| {{hilite | Note A-2.1.5.4.(1) || 2024-October-20 }}]]).
 +
<li>{{hilite | All plywood decks (notwithstanding the minimum requirements for plywood used to overlay mass timber and wood board ''decks''; see || 2023-June-16 }} [[#2.1.5.5. Mass Timber Roof Decks | Article 2.1.5.5.]], [[#2.1.5.6. Non-veneered Panel Roof Decks | Article 2.1.5.6.]], and [[#2.1.5.7. Wood Board Roof Decks | Article 2.1.5.7.]]) {{hilite | shall be constructed to conform to the "British Columbia Building Code" for either Part 3 or Part 9 buildings, and shall be || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | at least 12.7 mm (1/2”) thick, unless exceeded by the specified securement design || 2023-June-16 }} (Ref. [[#Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly | Part 3, "Securing the Roof Assembly"]]),
 +
<li>{{hilite | free of loose knots and cracks, which are considered defects and must be covered with sheet metal, mechanically fastened in place, || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | securely fastened to roof framing, and installed so that the surface grain (plywood) runs at right angles to the roof framing, || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | properly gapped between panels, and || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | fully supported along all panel edges. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>When a plywood ''deck'' is intended to support a ''protected roof system'' and a ''vegetated roof system'',  
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{strike| <span class="recommended">the plywood should be marine-grade T&G material at least 19.05 mm (3/4”) thick</span> || 2024-October-24 }}<span class="principles">{{hilite | the ''deck'' and any vertical planes that contact the ''vegetated roof system'' should be pressure-treated tongue-and-groove plywood at least 19.05 mm (3/4”) thick, but when the existing ''deck'' and adjoining ''wall'' surfaces are untreated wood, they should be overlaid with no less than one layer of an RGC-accepted deck overlay panel listed in [[Division C]] of this ''Manual'' || 2025-October-25 }}</span> (See [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Notes_to_VRA_Standard#A-2.1.5.1. Note A-2.1.5.1. Suitability of Roof Deck] in the "RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs"), and
 +
<li>the ''Design Authority'' shall be responsible to calculate the anticipated live and dead loads of the ''system'' and design suitable approaches to mitigate deflection.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====2.1.5.5. Mass Timber Roof Decks====
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-2.1.5.5.| Note A-2.1.5.5.]])
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Mass timber decks, which include cross-laminated timbers (CLT), nail-laminated timbers (NLT), dowel-laminated timbers (DLT), and traditional glue-laminated timbers (Glulam), {{hilite | are acceptable to the '''''Guarantor''''' and do not require an overlay, but when an overlay is required by the ''manufacturer'' it must be || 2023-October-28 }} {{strike| but must be overlaid with || 2022-October-28 }} plywood conforming to the material requirements in [[#5.2.1.1. Suitability of Overlays | Article 5.2.1.1.]]
 +
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | A mass timber ''deck'' that will support a ''vegetated roof system'' may be overlaid with a vapour permeable membrane, followed by screw-fastened marine-grade T&G plywood at least 19.05 mm (3/4”) thick, to which the ''roof system'' may be applied || 2025-October-25 }}</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
====<big>Plywood</big>====
+
====2.1.5.6. Non-veneered Panel Roof Decks====
−
#<span class="reference">Plywood roof decks consist of exterior type plywood mechanically fastened to the roof framing</span>. <span class="principles">The plywood panels should conform to CSA 0121, “Douglas Fir Plywood”, CSA 0151, “Canadian Softwood Plywood”, or CSA 0153, “Poplar Plywood”, as per Building Code requirements</span>.
+
(See [[#Part 9 - Roof Field (Membrane Systems) | Part 9, "Roof Field (Membrane Systems)"]])
−
#Plywood roof sheathing should be installed in a staggered pattern with the surface grain at right angles to the roof framing.
 
  
−
====<big>Laminated Timber</big>====
+
====2.1.5.7. Wood Board Roof Decks====
−
<span class="reference">Laminated timber decks are typically comprised of crossing layers of dimensional solid wood material, laminated to form a thick, dimensionally stable slab strong enough to support significant structural loads</span>. 
 
  
−
====<big>Non-veneered Panels</big>====
+
<ol>
−
See '''9 FIELD MEMBRANES''' for application standards and limitations.
+
<li><span class="principles">Wood board ''decks'' should be of sound seasoned lumber, properly secured to the supporting structure</span>.
 +
<li>{{hilite | Wood board decks {{hilite | (including decks constructed with shiplap lumber) to which an uninsulated membrane roof system will be installed || 2023-October-28 }} must be overlaid with {{hilite | an acceptable overlay || 2023-October-28 }} conforming to || 2023-June-16 }} [[#5.2.1.1. Suitability of Overlays | Article 5.2.1.1.]]{{hilite | , to render the deck suitable for roofing. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
====<big>Wood Boards</big>====
+
==={{hilite | 2.1.6. Reserved || 2024-October-20 }}===
−
#<span class="reference">Wood board decks include tongue-and-groove, ship-lapped, or splined boards or planks. These typically range in thickness from 19 mm to 89 mm (nominal 1" to 4")</span>.  
 
−
#<span class="reference">Wood board decks may also include Mill decks, also called Nail-Laminated Timber decks.  These are constructed with a single layer of dimensional boards (dimensions can vary), placed on edge and spiked together to form a “mill deck”.  The thickness of the boards is determined by the anticipated loads and spacing of roof joists or trusses</span> (consult the local or provincial Building Code having jurisdiction).
 
−
#<span class="principles">Wood board decks should be of sound seasoned lumber, properly secured to the supporting structure</span>.
 
−
<div id="SBSEXPANSION"></div>
 
  
−
==Expansion Joints==
+
===2.1.7. Walls===
−
See [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php/SBS_Modified_Bitumen_Construction_Details '''Construction Details'''] and '''10.3.6 Expansion and Control Joints''' for membrane application.
+
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-2.1.7.| Note A-2.1.7.]])
−
+
 
−
<span class="reference">Roof expansion joints, or movement joints, are designed to safely absorb thermal expansion and contraction of materials, or to absorb vibration. They also allow for movement caused by settlement and earthquakes</span>.
+
====2.1.7.1. General====
−
#<span class="principles">Structural expansion joints should be considered wherever</span>
+
 
−
##<span class="principles">the type of deck changes</span>.
+
<ol>
−
##<span class="principles">additions connect to existing buildings</span>.
+
<li>{{hilite | ''Wall'' surfaces must be clean, dry, and smooth, suitable for the application of ''roof system'' materials|| 2021-June-30 }}.
−
##<span class="principles">separate wings of a building join (e.g. “L” or “T” configurations)</span>.
+
<li>{{hilite | Wood or steel-stud ''walls'' must be sheathed with a material suitable for adhering membranes and securing metal flashings|| 2021-June-30 }}; {{hilite | when sheathing is unsuitable, it must be overlaid with an accepted wall overlay. || 2024-January-31 }}
−
##<span class="principles">interior heating conditions change</span>.
+
<li>{{hilite | ''Sheathing''{{strike| , defined as a rigid panel material secured directly onto framing, || 2023-January-26 }} is considered a wall surface for the purpose of this Standard|| 2021-June-18 }}.
−
##<span class="principles">differential movement may occur (e.g. parapet detail where the deck is not supported by the wall)</span>.
+
<li>{{hilite | ''Wall'' surfaces {{hilite | suitable for || 2024-January-31 }} receiving ''waterproofing'' materials must extend beyond the maximum installed height of the ''waterproofing'', but in any event must be installed at least 203.2 mm (8”) above the|| 2021-June-18 }} ''finished roof system surface'' {{hilite | (For ''wall'' overlays, refer to [[#5.2.1.3. Overlays for Walls | Article 5.2.1.3.]])|| 2021-June-18 }}.
−
#The location of expansion joints must be clearly indicated on the drawings, drawn in detail, and included in the specifications.
+
<li>Indirect connections between walls and roofs require a ''control joint'' (See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-10.1.6.2. | Note A-10.1.6.2.]]).
−
#The construction of structural expansion joints is the responsibility of others and must be in place before the roofing contractor accepts the deck for roofing.
+
</li></ol>
−
#Expansion joints constructed as a raised divider must have a sloped top surface and must extend in height above the finished roof surface no less than 200 mm (8").  The minimum height of the Expansion Joint may be reduced to 100 mm (4") if the primary roof membrane flashing is fully supported and sealed over the top.
+
 
−
<div id="SBSCONTROLJOINT"></div>
+
===2.1.8. Electrical Cables and Boxes===
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-2.1.8.| Note A-2.1.8.]] concerning electrical systems, fire and shock hazards, and Rule 12-022 of the Canadian Electrical Code, Part I)
 +
 
 +
====2.1.8.1. New Construction====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Electrical cables, raceways or boxes shall not be installed within a ''roof assembly'' {{hilite | ('''Figure 2.1.8.1.-A''')|| 2021-February-7 }}.
 +
<li>Electrical cables, raceways or boxes shall not be installed on the underside of a ''roof assembly'', unless
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>the ''supporting deck'' structure equals or exceeds 76.2 mm (3”) in thickness {{hilite | ('''Figure 2.1.8.1.-B''')|| 2021-February-7 }}, or
 +
<li>the cables, raceways or boxes are installed and supported so there is a separation of not less than 38.1 mm (1-1/2") measured between the underside of the ''roof assembly'' and the electrical installation {{hilite | ('''Figure 2.1.8.1.-C''')|| 2021-February-7 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Notwithstanding either (1) and (2), cables or raceways shall be permitted to pass through a ''roof assembly'' for connection to electrical equipment installed on the roof, provided that the passage through the roof is a part of the ''roof assembly'' design.
 +
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | Electrical cables installed above the ''roof assembly'' should be elevated to permit proper support, roof maintenance and future replacement roofing</span>|| 2021-February-7 }} {{hilite | ('''Figure 2.1.8.1.-D''')|| 2021-February-7 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<br>
 +
:{|
 +
|-
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 2.1.8.1.-A'''<br>'''Prohibited Installation of<br>Electrical Conduit'''<br>Forming Part of Sentence 2.1.8.1.(1) || 2025-October-25 }}<br><small>(Click to expand)</small> || colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 2.1.8.1.-B'''<br>'''Roof Decks and Electrical Conduit<br>Installation'''<br>Forming Part of Clause 2.1.8.1.(2)(1)<br> || 2025-October-25 }}<small>(Click to expand)</small>
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Figure 2.1.8.1.-A (Electrical).jpg | link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/f/f5/Figure_2.1.8.1.-A_%28Electrical%29.jpg  | 350 px]] || [[File:Figure 2.1.8.1.-B (Electrical).jpg | link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/3/32/Figure_2.1.8.1.-B_%28Electrical%29.jpg | 350 px]]
 +
|}
 +
:{|
 +
|-
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 2.1.8.1.-C'''<br>'''Minimum Separation Between Roof Assembly<br>and Electrical Conduit'''<br>Forming Part of Clause 2.1.8.1.(2)(2) || 2025-October-25 }}<br><small>(Click to expand)</small> || colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 2.1.8.1.-D'''<br>'''Electrical Conduit Elevated Above<br>Roof Assembly'''<br>Forming Part of Sentence 2.1.8.1.(4) || 2025-October-25 }}<br><small>(Click to expand)</small>
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Figure 2.1.8.1.-C (Electrical).jpg | link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/d/db/Figure_2.1.8.1.-C_%28Electrical%29.jpg  | 350 px]] || [[File:Figure 2.1.8.1.-D (Electrical).jpg | link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/e/ef/Figure_2.1.8.1.-D_%28Electrical%29.jpg  | 350 px]]
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
<div class="col-md-12">
 +
<br>
 +
</div>
 +
 
 +
====2.1.8.2. Roof Replacement and Alterations====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>If existing electrical cables or boxes do not conform to the requirements in [[#2.1.8.1. New Construction | Article 2.1.8.1.]], the ''Design Authority'' must consider the attachment of the ''roof system'' above the electrical system, and the requirements set out in [[#Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly | Part 3, "Securing the Roof Assembly"]].
 +
<li><span class="principles">The ''Design Authority'' should</span>  
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="principles">specify protection of existing electrical cables and boxes (a 4.76 mm (3/16”) steel plate may be used to minimize the possibility of fastener penetration and cutter damage, {{hilite | but protection plates may interfere with mechanical fasteners used to secure the ''roof system'' against wind uplift, even for future replacement roofing)|| 2021-February-7 }}</span>, and
 +
<li><span class="principles">provide the building owner with detailed as-built drawings that accurately map the location of electrical cables and boxes</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
==Control Joints==
+
==Section 2.2. Materials==
−
See [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php/SBS_Modified_Bitumen_Construction_Details '''Construction Details'''] and '''10.3.6 Expansion and Control Joints''' for membrane application.
+
===2.2.1. Material Properties===
 +
====2.2.1.1. Sheathing for Framed Walls====
  
−
<span class="reference">'''Control joints''' (sometimes referred to as roof dividers) are site-built but relatively uncommon for roofs with flexible membranes. They are designed to help control thermal expansion and contraction stresses in the roof system where no structural expansion joint has been provided in the building design. Control joints may be present on older roofs with built-up roof systems, and will have to be taken into consideration by the ''Design Authority''; in some cases, control joints may be eliminated for replacement roofing. Still, control joints may be employed by the ''Design Authority'' to control expansion and contraction of any materials in the roof assembly, or for dividing existing roof areas for phased replacement roofing</span>.
+
<ol>
−
#The ''Design Authority'' is responsible to determine the need for roof dividers and control joints, and is responsible for their design.  <span class="principles">The use of roof dividers and control joints should be evaluated on a product performance basis</span>.
+
<li>Framed wall sheathing must be
−
#<span class="principles">When roof dividers are specified and detailed, they should divide the roof into approximately equal, regularly-shaped areas. Ideally, roof dividers should be located at the high points of the roof, with drainage away from the divider on both sides, but DRAINAGE MUST NOT BE IMPEDED BY THE ROOF DIVIDER</span>. 
+
<ol>
−
#The location of roof dividers must be clearly indicated on the drawings, drawn in detail, and included in the specifications.  Specifications should clearly indicate responsibility for their construction.
+
<li>moisture resistant fibreglass-faced silicon treated gypsum core board, with a minimum thickness of 12.7 mm (1/2”) {{hilite | (These panels are specifically {{hilite | designed to receive roof membranes|| 2021-June-30 }} and may be installed horizontally or vertically)|| 2021-June-30 }}.
−
#When roof dividers are already present (during replacement roofing), the dividers must extend at least 100 mm (4”) in height above the finished roof surface.
+
<li>fibre-mat reinforced cement boards with a minimum thickness of 9.53 mm (3/8"), or
 +
<li>{{hilite | plywood, having a minimum thickness of 12.7 mm (1/2”)|| 2021-June-30 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Where wall sheathing is unsuitable to receive roofing materials, refer to [[#Part 5 - Deck and Wall Overlays | Part 5, "Deck and Wall Overlays"]].
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
==Walls==
+
==Section 2.3. Application==
−
===General===
+
===2.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
−
#Walls must provide a clean, dry and smooth vertical surface suitable for the application of roof system materials.  <span class="reference">Sheathing is typically installed to enclose a framed wall, but may be applied to a rough wall to make the surface suitable for membrane application</span>.
+
====2.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
−
#Wall sheathing, to which the roofing contractor will apply membranes, must extend vertically the full height of the membrane. In any event, sheathing must extend vertically at least 200 mm (8”) above the finished roof surface. For accepted sheathing materials, see '''2.6.2''' below.
 
−
#<span class="reference">Walls and roofs commonly intersect in two ways:</span>
 
−
##<span class="reference">Directly, where the wall structurally connects to the roof structure, so that both move together</span>.
 
−
##<span class="reference">Indirectly, where the roof structure and the wall structure are independent of each other, so that the movement of one does not affect the other</span>.  These locations require an expansion joint.
 
−
#The ''Design Authority'' must ensure a continuous connection between the roof system from field to perimeter, in order to control or inhibit the movement of water, air and vapour.
 
  
−
===Materials===
+
<ol>
−
#Concrete surfaces must comply with the requirements set out in '''2.1.3'''.  When concrete surfaces do not comply, concrete walls may be sheathed with any one of the following:
+
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
−
##15.9 mm (5/8”) thick treated plywood.
+
</li></ol>
−
##fibre-mat reinforced cement boards with a minimum thickness of 9.5 mm (⅜").
 
−
#Both materials must also conform to ASTM C1325-04.
 
−
#For framed walls, the following material are acceptable:
 
−
##moisture resistant gypsum core boards specifically accepted as deck overlay boards, with a minimum thickness of 12 mm (1/2”). Moisture resistant gypsum core boards manufactured for wall applications are not acceptable for roofing and do not qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee'''''.
 
−
##fibre-mat reinforced cement boards with a minimum thickness of 9.5 mm (⅜").
 
−
##minimum 12 mm (1/2”) thick plywood.
 
  
−
==Electrical Cables and Boxes==
+
====2.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====
−
<span class="reference">Electrical cables (including conduit) or boxes installed inside, on top of, or beneath a roof assembly expose roofing workers to electrical shock, and expose the building and the public to both shock and fire. Hidden electrical wiring and boxed junctions can be extremely difficult to document before work begins, and while some technologies are purportedly accurate in identifying energized circuits before they are damaged, false readings make these technologies less than reliable. During replacement roofing, avoiding damage to electrical circuits from cutters and fasteners is sometimes next to impossible. It is therefore desirable to design buildings with realistic separations between electrical wiring and boxes, and roof assemblies</span>.
 
  
−
<span class="reference">For more about this topic, see the reprinted Safety Bulletin issued by the BC Safety Authority, republished in the November 10, 2015</span> [http://www.rcabc.org/technical/technical-updates/ '''Technical Update'''].
+
<ol>
−
+
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and {{hilite | replacement roofing shall || 2020-October-22 }}
−
<span class="reference">Currently, neither the Canadian Electrical Code, Part I nor the British Columbia Electrical Code explicitly prohibit, nor explicitly permit, the installation electrical cables and boxes anywhere in close proximity to a roof assembly</span>.  <span class="principles">The ''Design Authority'' therefore has the latitude to write restrictions concerning the location of electrical installations, and consequently eliminate shock and fire hazards.  To do so, apply the following standards when preparing ''Project'' specifications to qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee'''''</span>.
+
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | achieve a finished slope of at least 2% (1/4” in 12”), when measured on the primary sloped planes of the roof|| 2020-October-22 }}, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | incorporate crickets at ''curbs'' and sleepers that impede drainage or are wider or longer than 1219.2 mm (48”)|| 2020-October-22 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
===New Construction===
+
===2.3.2. All Systems ===
−
#Electrical cables, raceways or boxes shall not be installed within a roof assembly.
+
====2.3.2.1. Construction of Decks and Walls====
−
#Electrical cables, raceways or boxes shall not be installed on the underside of a roof assembly, unless
 
−
##the supporting deck structure equals or exceeds 76 mm (3”) in thickness, or
 
−
##the cables, raceways or boxes are installed and supported so there is a separation of not less than 38 mm measured between the underside of the roof assembly and the electrical installation.
 
−
#Notwithstanding either (1) and (2), cables or raceways shall be permitted to pass through a roof assembly for connection to electrical equipment installed on the roof, provided that the passage through the roof is a part of the roof assembly design.
 
  
−
===Replacement Roofing===
+
<ol>
−
#If existing electrical cables or boxes do not conform to the standards in '''2.6.1 New Construction''', the ''Design Authority'' must consider the attachment of the roof system above the electrical system, and the requirements set out in '''3 SECURING the ROOF ASSEMBLY'''.
+
<li>Unless otherwise permitted and described in this Standard, the construction of deck and wall structures, and their suitability for the application of roofing materials, is the responsibility of other trades.
−
#<span class="principles">The ''Design Authority'' should</span>
+
</li></ol>
−
##<span class="principles">specify protection of existing electrical cables and boxes (a 5 mm (3/16”) steel plate may be used to minimize the possibility of fastener penetration and cutter damage)</span>.
 
−
##<span class="principles">provide the building owner with detailed as-built drawings that accurately map the location of electrical cables and boxes</span>.
 
  
 
<hr>
 
<hr>
−
<div id="SBSWIND"></div>
+
<div id=PART_3></div>
−
=SECURING the ROOF ASSEMBLY=
+
 
 +
=Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly=
 +
 
 
<div style="width:150px; text-align: left;">
 
<div style="width:150px; text-align: left;">
 
[[File:YVR Wind 1 (short).gif | link=https://youtu.be/H2P_OYvHZBM]]
 
[[File:YVR Wind 1 (short).gif | link=https://youtu.be/H2P_OYvHZBM]]
 
</div>
 
</div>
 
<div style="text-align: left;">
 
<div style="text-align: left;">
−
Click on the gif above to see the '''full high-definition video''', which illustrates why roof system attachment standards matter ('''NOTE''': the system shown in the video represents a mechanically fastened EPDM roof, constructed to '''''RoofStar Guarantee Standards'''''.  The membrane "flutter" in wind is normal for this type of roof system.)
+
Click on the gif above to see the '''full high-definition video''', which illustrates why ''roof system'' securement requirements matter ('''NOTE''': the video shows a mechanically fastened, conventionally insulated EPDM ''roof system'' constructed to the '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' Standard of the time (2013).  The membrane "flutter" in wind is common for this type of ''roof system'').
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
−
==General==
+
==Section 3.1. Design==
−
===Definitions===
+
===3.1.1. General===
−
Refer to the [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Glossary '''Glossary'''] for further definitions of key terms used in this '''Manual'''.
+
====3.1.1.1. Scope====
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-3.1.1.1.| Note A-3.1.1.1.]])
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
 +
<li>{{hilite |This Part applies to all new roofs, and to both full and partial replacement ''roof systems''|| 2021-October-30 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite |This Part sets out the requirements for|| 2021-October-30 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>material substitution (applicable to ''Tested Assemblies''),
 +
<li>fastener and adhesive application (minimum numbers and spacing),
 +
<li>roofs that support ''overburden'', or fixed amenities and equipment, and
 +
<li>roofs where only part of the ''system'' must be replaced.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite |''Conventionally insulated roof systems'' designed and constructed with sheet membranes must be secured using|| 2021-October-30 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite |a ''Tested Assembly'' (a membrane ''roof system'', together with a specified roof ''deck'', tested for its wind resistance capabilities using CSA-A123.21, "Standard test method for the dynamic wind uplift resistance of membrane-roofing systems" (latest edition)|| 2021-October-30 }}(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-3.1.1.1.(4)| Note A-3.1.1.1.(4)]]), or
 +
<li>{{hilite |an ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance'' (an existing, representative ''roof system'', together with a specified roof ''deck'', which is used as a “proven” pattern for securing a new ''roof system'' on the building under consideration; see [[#3.1.4.3. Specifying an Assembly with Proven Past Performance | Article 3.1.4.3.]])|| 2021-October-30 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite |When neither of the foregoing options is available to the ''Design Authority'' to conform to the Code, the ''roof system'' must be secured using a custom engineered design (See [[#3.1.4.4. Specifying a Custom-engineered Securement Design | Article 3.1.4.4.]])|| 2021-October-30 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===={{hilite | 3.1.1.2. Intent || 2021-October-30 }}====
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-3.1.1.2. | Note A-3.1.1.2.]])
  
−
:'''''CSA Standard''''' (“the Standard”) means the ''CSA Standard A123.21 Standard test method for the dynamic wind uplift resistance of membrane-roofing systems'' (latest edition).
+
<ol>
−
:'''''Ballast''''', when used in this '''Manual''', refers to a material used for securing the roof assembly.  When gravel or pavers are used in this way, they are considered part of the roof system.
+
<li>The requirements in this Part intend to support and conform to or exceed the Building Code.
−
:'''''Overburden''''' is any material, structure or item of equipment that is placed on top of the completed roof.  Gravel or pavers are considered to be overburden when they do not serve to secure the roof system.  See also '''14.1.1 Definitions'''.
+
</li></ol>
  
−
===Design===
+
===={{hilite | 3.1.1.3. Limit of Liability under RoofStar Guarantee || 2021-October-30 }}====
−
Wind that compromises the membrane of a {{hilite | waterproofing roof assembly || 2020-February-15 }} often results in leaks, sometimes with catastrophic consequences.  Therefore, the ''Design Authority'' must pay attention to the design of the roof and its performance under windy conditions.<br>
 
  
−
'''Conventionally Insulated Roof Assemblies''' are governed by standards adopted in this '''Manual''' from the National Building Code of Canada (NBCC) and the British Columbia Building Code (BCBC).  The BCBC requires the proper calculation of ''Specified Wind Loads'', and securement of the roof components using a tested roof assembly or, in the alternative, either an assembly with proven past performance or an assembly that is otherwise engineered to resist the ''Specified Wind Loads'' of a roof.  '''''RoofStar Guarantee Standards''''' require these same measures for new or fully replaced conventionally insulated roof assemblies, in order to ensure the roof assembly is not compromised by wind that could, as a consequence, cause leaks.  In addition, this section sets out the requirements for
+
<ol>
−
#material substitution (applicable to Tested Assemblies or assemblies with proven past performance).
+
<li>{{hilite |Notwithstanding [[#3.1.1.2. Intent | Article 3.1.1.2.]], the materials presented herein are based on an interpretation of the Code and are not the Code itself; therefore, the reader is responsible to exercise good judgement, and to read, understand and comply with the Code, as and how it applies to the reader’s particular ''project'' and its design requirements.
−
#fastener and adhesive application (minimum numbers and spacing).
+
<li>Where the Code can be shown to exceed the requirements, guiding principles, and recommendations of this Part or any related Part in this Standard, the Code shall prevail|| 2021-October-30 }}.
−
#roofs installed with overburden, ''Protected Membrane Roof Assemblies'', and roofs where only part of the system must be replaced.<br>
+
<li>{{hilite |Compliance with this Part or the Code does not guarantee that a roof will not succumb to forces exerted by wind, and therefore neither the '''''Guarantor''''' nor the ''Contractor'' will accept any responsibility for damage to, or failure of, a roof system caused by wind; too many variables beyond the control of this Standard affect the wind resistance performance of a ''roof system'', including (without limitation)|| 2021-October-30 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | the ''continuity'' or discontinuity of air and vapour ''control layers'' of the entire building enclosure|| 2021-October-30 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | openings in the building (windows and doors, which are often occupant-controlled and not static)|| 2021-October-30 }}, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | wind strength, which may exceed the codified numeric wind speed values used to calculate wind resistance for the ''roof system'' || 2021-October-30 }} (Ref. "British Columbia Building Code 2024", Division B, [https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/farming-natural-resources-and-industry/construction-industry/building-codes-and-standards/revisions-and-mo/bcbc_2024.pdf#page=762 Appendix C, "Table C-1"]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
The following Standards are illustrated in the decision tree/flow chart shown as '''Figure 3.3''', and must be read in conjunction with '''3.3 Application'''.
+
====3.1.1.4. {{strike| Definitions || 2024-October-23 }}{{hilite | Defined Terms || 2025-October-25 }}====
  
−
====<big>General</big>====
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>The ''Design Authority'' is responsible for the proper calculation of ''Specified Wind Loads'' for a {{hilite | waterproofing roof assembly || 2020-February-15 }}, regardless of its design, and must use the [https://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/windrci/agreement.html '''Wind-RCI online wind calculator'''] or, in the alternative, another method that is its equal or superior.  This includes roofs that support an overburden, including ''Vegetated Roof Assemblies''.  When the geometry of a building exceeds the capabilities of the Wind-RCI calculator, the ''Design Authority'' must calculate wind loads in accordance with the ''BCBC, Division B, Part 4, 4.1.7 Wind Loads'', and in consultation with other sections of the BCBC as they pertain to the determination of ''Specified Wind Loads''.  Acceptance of a roof for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' is predicated on the assumption that the ''Design Authority'' has performed Due Diligence with respect to ''Specified Wind Loads'' and the attachment methods for the roof assembly.
+
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].  Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part:
−
<li>All {{hilite | waterproofing roof assemblies || 2020-February-15 }} shall consist of the following three zones, illustrated in '''Figure 3.1'''.
+
<ol>
 +
<li>''CSA Standard'' means the CSA-A123.21, "Standard test method for the dynamic wind uplift resistance of membrane-roofing systems" (latest edition).
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''CSA VRA Standard'' means the CSA-A123.24, “Standard test method for wind resistance of vegetated roof assembly” || 2025-October-25 }}.
 +
<li>''Registered Professional'' has the same meaning as that used in the "British Columbia Building Code 2024", Division C, [https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/farming-natural-resources-and-industry/construction-industry/building-codes-and-standards/revisions-and-mo/bcbc_2024.pdf#page=836 Article 2.2.1.2., "Structural Design"].
 +
<li>''Specified Wind Load'' means the calculated force of wind exerted on the roof of a specific building, according to the requirements in the "British Columbia Building Code 2024", Division B, Part 4, [https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/farming-natural-resources-and-industry/construction-industry/building-codes-and-standards/revisions-and-mo/bcbc_2024.pdf#page=496 Section 4.1., "Structural Loads and Procedures"].
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''System of securement'' means a specific pattern of mechanical fasteners or adhesives, including specific materials or brands, size, and spacing. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===3.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
 +
====3.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
 +
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>'''Field (F)''' – the interior of the roof bounded by the Edge and the Corners.
+
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
−
<li>'''Edge (E)''' – defined as 10% of the building width or 40% of the building height, whichever is less. In no case will perimeter zone be less than 2.0 m (7').
 
−
<li>'''Corner (C)''' – part of the perimeter but not less than 2.0 m x 2.0 m (7’ x7’) in size.  The corner area is defined by the Edge in both directions at the corners.<br>
 
−
{| class="wikitable"
 
−
|+Figure 3.1
 
−
|-
 
−
| [[File:Figure 3.1.jpg|link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/1/11/Figure_3.1.jpg | 700 px]]
 
−
|}
 
 
</li></ol>
 
</li></ol>
−
<li>A conventionally insulated roof assembly, and a ''Modified Protected Membrane Roof Assembly'' (MPMRA), constructed on a bare roof deck (new construction and replacement roofing) must be secured using
+
 
 +
====3.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====
 +
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>a Tested Assembly (see '''3.3.1.1 Tested Assemblies''').
+
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and shall
−
<li>a roof assembly with ‘proven past performance’ (see '''3.3.1.2 Roof Assemblies with Proven Past Performance''').
 
−
<li>engineered methods and patterns (see '''3.3.1.3'''; also refer to Div. B, Part 4 and Part 5, BCBC together with the ANSI/SPRI WD-1 methodology referenced in the BCBC, ''Notes to Part 5 – Environmental Separation, A-5.2.2.2.(4)'').</li></ol>
 
−
<li>The wind uplift resistance capabilities of the selected roof assembly must equal or exceed the ''Specified Wind Loads''.
 
−
<li>A roof consisting of a single elevation, divided into smaller roof areas by means of control joints (roof dividers) or expansion joints, shall be considered one roof area for the purpose of calculating the ''Specified Wind Loads''.
 
−
<li>When a building is designed with multiple roof levels,  
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>the ''Specified Wind Load'' for each roof area must be calculated separately, unless the roofs are adjacent each other and the elevation difference between roof areas is less than 1.52 m (5’).
+
<li>{{hilite |comply with the higher securement requirements when enhanced ''roof system'' securement is required by the membrane manufacturer, to meet their system warranty requirements ("enhanced securement" may exceed the securement stated or specified in a ''Tested Assembly'', an ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance'', or a custom-engineered design; see also [[#1.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-Year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee | Article 1.1.2.1., "RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee"]], for further general requirements|| 2020-October-22 }}).
−
<li>each roof area must be designed with Edge (E) zones on all sides, and Corner (C) zones at each outside and inside corner, irrespective of the elevation difference between the roofs.<br>
+
</li></ol>
−
{| class="wikitable"
 
−
|+Figure 3.2
 
−
|-
 
−
|  [[File:Figure 3.2.jpg|link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/f/f4/Figure_3.2.jpg | 700 px]]
 
−
|}
 
 
</li></ol>
 
</li></ol>
−
<li>When a roof includes an inside corner, the Corner zones must extend along each adjacent side of the roof a distance equal in dimensions to outside corners ('''Figure 3.2''').
+
 
−
<li>When a roof area intersects the corner of a wall, the Edge zone on either side of the wall corner must be treated as a roof Corner (2 x C) ('''Figure 3.2''').
+
===={{hilite | 3.1.2.3. RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee || 2025-October-25 }}====
−
<li>When an existing roof system is specified for partial replacement, the ''Design Authority'' must
+
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee''''', the supporting ''roof assembly'' shall
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>calculate the Specified Wind Loads for the roof.
+
<li>comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''', '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', or a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''',
−
<li>determine whether or not securement of the remaining roof components (left in situ) is sufficient to resist the ''Specified Wind Loads''.
+
<li>be acceptable to the manufacturer as support for a ''vegetated roof system'', and
−
<li>determine a suitable method of securement or have the system of securement engineered.
+
<li>comply with the related requirements in the [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”].
−
<li>calculate and design securement for any overburden.</ol></li>
+
</li></ol>
−
<br>
+
</li></ol>
−
See '''Figure 3.3''' for an illustration of this process.
 
−
<br>
 
−
See also '''1.4.2 Replacement Roofing''', '''3.3.3 Partial Roof Replacements''' and '''14 THE ROOF as a PLATFORM: Coverings, Living Spaces and Structures'''.
 
−
<li><span class="recommended">When specifying securement for a partial roof replacement, mechanical fastening, when practicable, is the recommended method for securing new materials to an existing roof system</span>.  All other methods of securement must be designed and specified by the ''Design Authority''.
 
−
<li><span class="principles">Roof assemblies should be designed in conjunction with the electrical systems for the building, in order to avoid unnecessary interference with roof system securement</span>.  <span class="recommended">Placement of cables and boxes in designated trays, suspended at least 38 mm (1 ½”) below a penetrable supporting deck, is strongly recommended in order to avoid contact with roofing fasteners; fastener penetration may result in shock or fire hazard</span>.  <span class="principles">Steel plates should not be used to shield conduit and boxes on top of or immediately beneath a penetrable deck, because the plates will interfere with fastener placement and proper securement of the roof system</span>.  See also '''2.7 Electrical Cables and Boxes'''.
 
−
<li>Securement of {{hilite | water-shedding assemblies || 2020-February-15 }} shall be made in accordance with the requirements set out elsewhere in this '''Manual'''.
 
−
{| class="wikitable" | style="margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; border: none;"
 
−
|+Figure 3.3
 
−
|-
 
−
| [[File:Figure 3.3.jpg|link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/6/6f/Figure_3.3.jpg |400 px]]
 
−
|}
 
−
</li>
 
−
</ol>
 
  
−
====<big>Roofs with Ballast or Overburdens</big>====
+
===3.1.3. All Systems===
−
'''NOTE''': the reader must consult the Design and Application requirements in '''12.1 Protected and Modified Protected Membrane Roof Assemblies''', together with requirements in '''14 THE ROOF as a PLATFORM''' (with respect to ''Vegetated Roof Systems'').
+
====3.1.3.1. Responsibility for Design====
−
#When vegetation and its growing media is intended as either ballast or overburden on any membrane roof assembly, the ''Design Authority'' must, in addition to calculating the ''Specified Wind Loads'' for the roof assembly, determine the ''Specified Wind Loads'' for the ''Vegetated Roof Systems'' (VRS), and the dimensions of the roof zones, using the [https://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/windrci/agreementvra.html '''WIND-MVRA'''] online calculator tool or, in the alternative, another method that is its equal or superior.  Note that this online resource applies only to buildings described on the Wind-RCI website at "low rise" and of moderate height (limited to 20 m or 65 feet) {{hilite | with a waterproofing assembly.  Designing appropriate securement of a VRS on roofs taller than 20 m (65') or with slopes greater than 2:12 must be undertaken by a licensed design professional using current wind engineering practices, and must be acceptable to the Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ). Securement methods and details of a VRS, regardless of building height and roof slope, are the responsibility of the ''Design Authority''. || 2020-February-15 }}
 
−
#VRSs that are not modular, and VRSs on buildings that do not conform to the parameter of the Wind-VRA calculator, must be engineered to resist ''Specified Wind Loads''.
 
−
#Roof assemblies designed as PMRAs or MPMRAs that utilize gravel ballast must be designed for adequate securement {{hilite | by || 2020-February-15 }}
 
−
##{{hilite | calculating the Specified Wind Loads for the roof assembly. || 2020-February-15 }}
 
−
##{{hilite | selecting the appropriate ballast using || 2020-February-15 }}
 
−
###the RGC ballast guide (see '''3.3.2 Ballasted Roof Assemblies''', and  '''12.1 Protected and Modified Protected Membrane Roof Assemblies''').
 
−
###the [https://www.dow.com/webapps/lit/litorder.asp?filepath=styrofoam/pdfs/noreg/179-00044.pdf '''DOW 508.2 Ballast Design Guide for PMR Systems'''].
 
−
###{{hilite | a custom-engineered system. || 2020-February-15 }}
 
−
#When pavers are selected as ballast for a PMRA or MPMRA, the ''Design Authority'' is responsible for determining the support and placement of pavers to resist wind uplift.
 
−
#''Modified Protected Membrane Roof Assemblies'' (MPMRAs) must be designed for wind resistance following the requirements for PMRAs and conventionally insulated roof assemblies.
 
−
#The ''Design Authority'' is responsible for determining the proper securement of any overburden intended for placement on top of the roof platform.  For design, material and installation standards pertaining to roofs as platforms, refer in this '''Manual''' to '''14 The ROOF as a PLATFORM'''.
 
  
−
==Materials==
+
<ol>
−
===Material Substitutions in Tested Assemblies===
+
<li>The ''Design Authority'' is responsible for determining ''Specified Wind Loads'' for each ''roof system'' and each roof area of a ''project'', including roofs that support ''Vegetated Roof Systems'' or any other ''overburden'', amenities, or equipment.
−
#When a manufacturer's ''Tested Assembly'' incorporates materials (and listed alternates) that are not part of the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''', the ''Design Authority'' must identify appropriate substitutions for those materials from the list of [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Materials_by_Product_Type RoofStar-accepted Materials] and consult the manufacturer concerning compatibility with the ''Tested Assembly''.
+
<li>Acceptance of a roof for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' is predicated on the assumption that the ''Design Authority'' has performed Due Diligence with respect to ''Specified Wind Loads'' and has provided the ''Contractor'' with sufficient information to construct a ''roof system'' that complies with the Code.
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
===Gravel Ballast===
+
====3.1.3.2. Calculation of Specified Wind Loads====
−
#Gravel ballast used to secure a ''Protected Membrane Roof Assembly'' (or Modified PMRA) assembly must be clean, washed, round or crushed stone, falling within the following gradations:
 
−
##35 mm (1 ½") - 100 % Passing
 
−
##25 mm (1") 70 - 100 % Passing
 
−
##20 mm (¾") 5 - 20 % Passing
 
−
##12.7 mm (½") 0 - 6 % Passing
 
−
##5 mm (3/16") 0 - 2 % Passing
 
−
::Any variance to the above must be accepted in writing by the owner or the owner's representative, and submitted to the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''' as part of the Guarantee record.
 
  
−
===Fasteners and Adhesives===
 
−
The following minimum standards apply to any roof assembly, regardless of requirements published elsewhere.
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>Fasteners and adhesives must be capable of securing the roof assembly components for ''Specified Wind Loads''.</li>
+
<li>A ''registered professional'' "skilled in the work concerned" must perform or validate the calculation of ''Specified Wind Loads'' (See the "British Columbia Building Code 2024", Division C, Part 2, [https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/farming-natural-resources-and-industry/construction-industry/building-codes-and-standards/revisions-and-mo/bcbc_2024.pdf#page=836 Article 2.2.1.2., "Structural Design"]), using
−
<li><span class="principles">The ''Design Authority'' should specify the correct type of fastener, keeping in mind</span>
+
<ol>
 +
<li>the [https://nrc.canada.ca/en/research-development/products-services/software-applications/wind-load-calculators-roof-cladding-vegetated-roof-assembly "Wind Uplift Resistance Calculator"] (formerly "Wind-RCI"), or
 +
<li>the formulae and procedures in the "British Columbia Building Code 2024", Division B, Part 4, [https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/farming-natural-resources-and-industry/construction-industry/building-codes-and-standards/revisions-and-mo/bcbc_2024.pdf#page=529 Subsection 4.1.7.,"Wind Load"] (See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-3.1.1.1. | Note A-3.1.1.1.]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Each roof area, at each level (elevation), shall be divided into three principal roof zones ({{hilite | '''Figure 3.1.3.2.-A''' || 2025-October-25 }}), and the ''Design Authority'' shall be responsible for calculating the ''Specified Wind Loads'' for each zone (Ref. the "British Columbia Building Code 2024", Division B, Part 4, [https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/farming-natural-resources-and-industry/construction-industry/building-codes-and-standards/revisions-and-mo/bcbc_2024.pdf#page=535 Article 4.1.7.6., "External Pressure Coefficients for Low Buildings"]).
 +
<li>Roof zones are defined in this Standard as follows:
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li><span class="principles">pull-out strength.</span></li>
+
<li>'''Field (F)''' – the interior of the roof bounded by the ''Edge'' and the ''Corners''.
−
<li><span class="principles">corrosion resistance (contributing factors to fastener corrosion may include dissimilar metal contact, excessive building humidity, corrosive chemicals within components of the assembly, or corrosive elements provided within the building envelope etc.)</span>.</li>
+
<li>'''Edge (E)''' – the perimeter zone (minus the corners), measured as either 10% of the smallest building width ("least horizontal dimension"), or 40% of the building height, whichever is less. Notwithstanding the requirements in the "British Columbia Building Code", the ''Edge'' zone shall not be less than 2.0 m (7').
−
</ol>
+
<li>'''Corner (C)''' – part of the perimeter but not less than 2.0 m x 2.0 m (7’ x7’) in size, the ''Corner'' area is defined by the ''Edge'' in both directions at the corners.  Where the roof geometry includes an inside corner, the ''corner'' zone dimensions shall be the same as those for an outside corner, applied equidistant in each direction from the inside corner ({{hilite | '''Figure 3.1.3.2.-A''' || 2025-October-25 }}).
−
<li> Unless otherwise listed in the assembly components of a ''Tested Assembly'', self-drilling screws with recessed heads must be used in combination with plates as follows:<br>
+
</li></ol>
−
{| class="wikitable" style="margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto;border-color:#E7E9E9;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;" 
+
<br>
−
|+ Table 3.1  Minimum Fastener and Plate Requirements
+
{|
 
|-
 
|-
−
! Material !! Fastener<br>Size !! Plate
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Deck overlays || #12 || 73 mm (2-7/8”) Hexagonal, 76 mm (3”) Round or Square
+
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 3.1.3.2.-A Principal Roof Zones''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Article 3.1.3.2. || 2025-October-25 }}<br><small>(Click to expand illustration)</small>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Insulation || #12  || 73 mm (2-7/8”) Hexagonal, 76 mm (3”) Round or Square
+
| [[File:Figure 3.1.3.2.-A (Wind Zones).jpg|link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/9/9a/Figure_3.1.3.2.-A_%28Wind_Zones%29.jpg | 400 px]]
 +
|}
 +
<br>
 +
<li>A roof area that is divided into smaller segments by means of ''control joints'' (roof dividers, i.e., a fire wall) or ''expansion joints'', shall be considered one roof area for the purpose of calculating the ''Specified Wind Loads'', unless the height of a ''control joint'' or ''expansion joint'' exceeds 1 m (39"), in which case the ''Specified Wind Loads'' for each roof segment shall be calculated separately (See {{hilite | '''Figure 3.1.3.2.-B''' || 2025-October-25 }}).
 +
<li>When a building is designed with multiple roof levels (at different elevations), and the roofs are adjacent each other (having a common wall), the ''Specified Wind Loads'' for each level, and for each roof area on that level, shall be calculated separately from loads for the adjacent level, unless the elevation difference between adjacent roof levels is less than 1.524 m (5’) (See {{hilite | '''Figure 3.1.3.2.-B''' || 2025-October-25 }}).
 +
<li>When the shape of a single-level roof varies in width or length, the smallest width dimensions shall be used in the calculation of ''Specified Wind Loads'' (Ref. “minimum effective width” as defined in the "British Columbia Building Code", Division B, Part 4, [https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/farming-natural-resources-and-industry/construction-industry/building-codes-and-standards/revisions-and-mo/bcbc_2024.pdf#page=530 Article 4.1.7.2., "Classification of Buildings"]).
 +
<br><br>
 +
{|
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Insulation Overlays || #12  || 73 mm (2-7/8”) Hexagonal, 76 mm (3”) Round or Square
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Membranes || #14  || Proprietary
+
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 3.1.3.2.-B Roofs Adjacent to Each Other''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Article 3.1.3.2. || 2025-October-25 }}<br><small>(Click to expand illustration)</small>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|}</li>
+
| [[File:Figure 3.1.3.2.-B (Wind Zones).jpg|link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/6/64/Figure_3.1.3.2.-B_%28Wind_Zones%29.jpg | 550 px]]
−
<li>Adhesives listed in a selected ''Tested Assembly'' must be used to secure applicable layers within the roof assembly. Adhesives may be substituted only with products listed in the ''Tested Assembly'' report.</li>
+
|}
−
<li>In the absence of a ''Tested Assembly'', or for adhered and partially adhered assemblies with proven past performance, adhesives must be acceptable to the manufacturers of the roof assembly components.</li>
+
<br>
−
<li>Bitumen used as a hot-applied adhesive must be Type 3 or SEBS.</li>
+
<li>When a roof area intersects the corner of a wall, the ''Edge'' zone on either side of the wall corner must be treated as a roof ''Corner'' (2 x C) ({{hilite | '''Figure 3.1.3.2.-B''' || 2025-October-25 }}).
−
</ol>
+
<li>When an existing roof system is specified for partial replacement, the ''Design Authority'' must
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>calculate the ''Specified Wind Loads'' for the roof,
 +
<li>determine if securement of the remaining roof components (left in situ) is sufficient to resist the ''Specified Wind Loads'',
 +
<li>determine a suitable method of securement or have the ''system'' of securement engineered, and
 +
<li>calculate and design securement for any ''overburden'', amenities, or equipment.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li><span class="principles">''Roof systems'' should be designed in conjunction with the electrical systems for the building, to avoid unnecessary interference with ''roof system'' securement</span> (See also [[#2.1.8. Electrical Cables and Boxes | Subsection 2.1.8., "Electrical Cables and Boxes"]]).
 +
<li>Mansards are a ''roof system'' and are therefore subject to the requirements in this Part.
 +
<li>Securement of an adjoining ''water-shedding system'' shall be made in accordance with the requirements in the applicable Standard.
 +
<li>{{hilite | Wind loads for a ''roof assembly'' supporting a ''vegetated roof system'' shall be determined in accordance with the requirements of the Building Code and || 2025-October-25 }} [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard#3.1.3.3. Resistance to Specified Wind Loads | Article 3.1.3.3.]] {{hilite | of the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”|| 2025-October-25 }}.
 +
{{strike| <li>''Vegetated Roof Systems'' specified for || 2024-October-24 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
{{strike| <li>buildings up to 20 m (65') in height shall be designed to resist ''Specified Wind Loads'' using the [https://nrc.canada.ca/en/research-development/products-services/software-applications/wind-load-calculators-roof-cladding-vegetated-roof-assembly "Wind Load Calculator for Vegetated Roof Assembly"] or, in the alternative, another method that is its equal or superior, and || 2024-October-24 }}
 +
{{strike| <li>buildings greater than 20 m (65') in height shall be designed to resist '' Specified Wind Loads'' using methods that are acceptable to the ''Authority Having Jurisdiction'' (AHJ). || 2024-October-24 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====3.1.3.3. Resistance to Specified Wind Loads====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The wind uplift resistance capabilities of the selected ''roof system'' must equal or exceed the ''Specified Wind Loads'' calculated for each roof zone to which the ''system'' will be applied (see [[#3.1.3.2. Calculation of Specified Wind Loads | Article 3.1.3.2.]]).
 +
<li>Engineered designs to resist wind uplift may refer to the "British Columbia Building Code", Div. B, [https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/farming-natural-resources-and-industry/construction-industry/building-codes-and-standards/revisions-and-mo/bcbc_2024.pdf#page=764 Appendix C, "Table C-2"], which lists various types of loads, including wind loads, for specific reference locations throughout the province.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====3.1.3.4. Resistance to Other Loads====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>In addition to its capacity to resist ''Specified Wind Loads'', the ''roof system'' must be capable of resisting or accommodating
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>all anticipated live and dead loads, including (without limitation) other environmental loads, such as rain and snow, expected for the building’s size and location,
 +
<li>gravity ("drag") loads,
 +
<li>{{hilite | loads from ''overburden'' || 2023-June-16 }} (See [[#Part 14 - The Roof as a Platform | Part 14]]), and
 +
<li>thermal expansion and contraction of the ''roof system'' components.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Where the roof is designed to support a ''vegetated roof system'', consideration for other loads shall conform to the requirements in|| 2025-October-25 }} [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard#2.1.4.1._Structural_Loads {{hilite |Article 2.1.4.1.|| 2025-October-25 }}] {{hilite |of the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”|| 2025-October-25 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====3.1.3.5. Submittals====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | The '''''Guarantor''''' must receive from the ''Contractor'', prior to construction of the ''project'' and to document the ''roof system'' record || 2024-June-15 }},
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | a Tested Assembly report supplied or endorsed by a ''manufacturer'', including documentation of the substitution of any materials identified in that test report || 2024-June-15 }},
 +
<li>{{strike| The ''Design Authority'' must submit documentation || 2023-June-15 }} {{hilite | a letter || 2024-June-15 }} in support of an {{hilite | ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance'' || 2025-October-25 }}{{strike| "System with Proven Past Performance" || 2024-October-24 }}, as required in [[#3.1.4.3. Specifying an Assembly with Proven Past Performance | Article 3.1.4.3.(2)]], {{hilite | or || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | a custom-engineered ''system'' for securing the ''roof assembly'' || 2024-June-15 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===3.1.4. Conventionally Insulated Roof Systems===
 +
(The requirements in [[#3.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 3.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)
 +
 
 +
====3.1.4.1. Securement Against Specified Wind Loads====
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-3.1.4.1.| Note A-3.1.4.1.]])
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>New and fully replaced ''conventionally insulated systems'' shall satisfy the requirements of the "British Columbia Building Code" and this Part, and shall be (when applicable)
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>an Adhesive Applied Roof System ("AARS"),
 +
<li>a Partially Attached Roof System ("PARS"), or
 +
<li>a Mechanically Attached Roof System ("MARS"),
 +
</li></ol>
 +
which may be specified as
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | a ''Tested Assembly''|| 2020-July-3 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | an ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance''|| 2020-July-3 }}, or
 +
<li>{{hilite | an ''assembly'' with custom-engineered securement|| 2020-July-3 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
==Application==
+
====3.1.4.2. Specifying a Tested Assembly====
−
('''NOTE''': this section is critical for both the ''Design Authority'' and the ''Contractor'')<br>
+
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-3.1.4.2.| Note A-3.1.4.2.]])
  
−
A properly secured roof assembly is the product of three essential steps:
+
<ol>
−
:{| class="wikitable"
+
<li>Only roof assemblies that have been tested by qualified facilities wholly independent of ''roof system'' manufacturers, using CSA-A123.21, "Standard test method for the dynamic wind uplift resistance of membrane-roofing systems" (latest edition), will be considered valid ''Tested Assemblies'', for the purposes of this Standard  (See [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php/CSA_A123.21_Qualified_Test_Facilities here] for a list of qualified testing agencies).
 +
<li><span class="recommended">The ''Design Authority'' is strongly encouraged to specify the application of a ''Tested Assembly'', for any design of a new or fully replaced membrane waterproofing ''roof system''</span>.
 +
<li>The ''Design Authority'' must use only the test observation readings that have been adjusted for the "Safety Factor" (CSA-A123.21, prior to  the 2019 edition) or the "Resistance Factor" (CSA-A123.21, 2019 and newer), which must equal or exceed the highest ''Specified Wind Loads'' for the roof (this adjusted value is called the ''Dynamic Uplift Resistance'', or DUR.  See {{hilite | '''Figure 3.1.4.2.-A''' || 2025-October-25 }}).
 +
<li>When a ''Tested Assembly'' report indicates only one system of securement, that system shall be applied to all roof zones; alternatively, zone-specific securement requirements may be extrapolated by a ''Registered Professional'' "skilled in the work concerned", using ANSI-SPRI WD-1, "Wind Design Standard Practice for Roofing Assemblies" (see the "British Columbia Building Code", Division B, Part 5, Notes to Part 5, [https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/farming-natural-resources-and-industry/construction-industry/building-codes-and-standards/revisions-and-mo/bcbc_2024.pdf#page=674 A-5.2.2.2.(4)]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<br>
 +
::{|
 
|-
 
|-
−
| '''Step 1''': Calculate the ''Specified Wind Loads'' for the roof.
+
|-
−
'''Step 2''': Select the type of ''Roof Assembly'' representative of the roof (conventionally insulated, or a Protected/Modified Protected Membrane Roof Assembly).<br>
+
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 3.1.4.2.-A Dynamic Uplift Resistance''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Article 3.1.4.2. || 2025-October-25 }}<br><small>(Click to expand illustration)</small>
−
'''Step 3''': Design the securement system using available options, depending upon the type of assembly.
+
|-
 +
| [[File:Figure 3.4.jpg|link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/d/d8/Figure_3.4.jpg | 250 px]]
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
This section breaks down the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Standards''''' according to these three fundamental steps. The Standards published in this section are the minimum requirements, regardless of fastener or adhesive requirements in a ''Tested Assembly'', an assembly with proven past performance, or any other assembly designed by other methodologies.
+
====3.1.4.3. Specifying an Assembly with Proven Past Performance====
 +
(See the "British Columbia Building Code", Division B, Part 5, Notes to Part 5, [https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/farming-natural-resources-and-industry/construction-industry/building-codes-and-standards/revisions-and-mo/bcbc_2024.pdf#page=671 A-5.1.4.1.(5)] for an expanded explanation of the tests for "proven past performance")
  
−
===Step 1: Calculate Specified Wind Loads===
+
<ol>
−
{| class="wikitable floatleft" | style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: 10px; border: none;"
+
<li>A new ''conventionally insulated'' ''roof assembly'' (the new ''roof assembly'') may be designed using a model ''roof assembly'' as a reference (the roof ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance''), but only when
−
|-
+
<ol>
−
| [[File:Figure 3.3.jpg|link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/6/6f/Figure_3.3.jpg |40 px]]
+
<li>a ''Tested Assembly'' cannot be used,
−
|}
+
<li>the material components identified in a ''Tested Assembly'' are not accepted by the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''', and the test report offers no RoofStar-accepted alternates,
−
The information in this section may assist the ''Design Authority'' in better understanding the complexities of calculating specified wind loads, how wind affects a roof and each of its zones, and how to properly apply fastener or adhesive configurations for each zone and its respective specified wind loads.
+
<li>a ''Tested Assembly'' is not available because a material or ''system'' has not been tested, or because the ''Specified Wind Loads'' exceed the capacity of an available or suitable ''Tested Assembly'',
 +
<li>the model ''roof assembly''
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>is an existing ''roof assembly'' constructed on a real, existing building (the ''model building''),
 +
<li>demonstrates resistance to negative wind loads that are the same as, or greater than, the ''Specified Wind Loads'' which the ''new roof assembly'' must be designed to resist,
 +
<li>has a history of performance equal to or longer than the expected service life of the ''new roof assembly'', and
 +
<li>is designed with only RoofStar-accepted materials that possess properties "identical or superior to those of the...assembly used as a reference" (Ref. the "British Columbia Building Code", Division B, [https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/farming-natural-resources-and-industry/construction-industry/building-codes-and-standards/revisions-and-mo/bcbc_2024.pdf#page=670 Notes to Part 5,  Environmental Separation]),
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>the model building
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>is similar in dimensions, exposure, openings, and importance to the building that will support the ''new roof assembly'', and
 +
<li>is situated in conditions representative of the building that will support the new ''roof assembly'' (the term "representative" refers to conditions that include, without limitation, dynamic loads caused by proximity to other structures because of funneling or building harmonics).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''', a new ''roof assembly'' patterned after {{hilite | a model ''roof assembly'' and the design using a model ''roof assembly'' || 2025-October-25 }}{{strike| an ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance'' || 2024-October-25 }} must be supported with a letter of assurance provided to the '''''Guarantor''''' by the ''Design Authority'', or by the manufacturer of the ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance'', signed by the Principal or a person having the authority of the Principal, stating that the new ''roof assembly'' will resist the ''Specified Wind Loads'' calculated for the new ''roof assembly''.
 +
<li>A ''new roof assembly'' patterned after {{hilite | a model ''roof assembly'' || 2025-October-25 }}{{strike| an ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance'' || 2024-October-25 }} may be used for partial roof replacement.
 +
<li>Published approvals issued by an insurer or underwriter, or roof assembly designs warranted or guaranteed by anyone other than the '''''Guarantor''''', do not satisfy the requirements for a roof ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====3.1.4.4. Specifying a Custom-engineered Securement Design====
  
−
<span class="reference">''Specified Wind Loads'' are forces exerted by wind which, in the case of {{hilite | waterproofing roof assemblies || 2020-February-15 }}, both push and lift the roof assembly or its components.  Often, the upward or uplift forces are expressed as a negative value (negative pressure), but these are influenced by many variables including, without limitation, wind speed, building height, roof slope, wall openings, roof overhangs and ground roughness</span>.
+
<ol>
 +
<li>When, for various reasons, a system of securement cannot be designed using either a ''Tested Assembly'' or an ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance'', the securement system must be designed by a ''Registered Professional'' "skilled in the work concerned" (See the "British Columbia Building Code", Division C, Part 2, [https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/farming-natural-resources-and-industry/construction-industry/building-codes-and-standards/revisions-and-mo/bcbc_2024.pdf#page=836 Article 2.2.1.2., "Structural Design"]).
 +
</li></ol>
  
 +
===3.1.5. Uninsulated Systems===
 +
(The requirements in [[#3.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 3.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)
  
−
<span class="principles">Specified Wind Loads for membrane roof assemblies should be calculated using the available online{{hilite | [https://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/windrci/agreement.html '''Wind-RCI online wind calculator'''] or, in the alternative, another method that is its equal or superior (click [http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/5/5d/Sample_RCI_Report.pdf '''here'''] for a sample report).</span> || 2020-February-15 }} When the Wind-RCI calculator is not suitable (as, for example, when a building exceeds 150 feet in height), the ''Design Authority'' must refer to the BC Building Code, Div. B, Parts 4 and 5 for further guidance.
+
====3.1.5.1. Securement against Specified Wind Loads====
  
−
The report generated by the Wind-RCI calculator will specify the wind loads for the corners, the perimeter and the roof field. These zone loads must be applied in Step 3 when determining the method of roof assembly securement.
+
<ol>
 +
<li>All uninsulated ''roof systems'' must be designed to resist displacement by ''Specified Wind Loads'', using the options articulated in [[#3.1.4.1. Securement Against Specified Wind Loads | Article 3.1.4.1.]]
 +
<li>{{hilite | Where air intrusion into the ''roof assembly'' could compromise its securement, every ''roof assembly'' design must provide guidance for the installation of ''control layers'', particularly where ''control layers'' intersect roof drains, penetrations, or assemblies adjacent to the roof (i.e., walls) (Ref. || 2024-June-15 }} [[#Part_6_-_Air_and_Vapour_Controls | Part 6, "Air and Vapour Controls"]]).
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
====Non-conforming Buildings====
+
===3.1.6. Protected Roof Systems===
 +
(The requirements in [[#3.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 3.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)
  
−
When a building’s dimensions exceed the parameters of the Wind-RCI calculator, the following standards apply:
+
====3.1.6.1. Securement of Ballasted Roof Systems====
−
#The ''Design Authority'' remains responsible for the proper design of a membrane roof assembly, regardless of its method of attachment. Refer to the BC Building Code, Div. B, Parts 4 and 5 for further guidance.
+
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-3.1.6.1. | {{hilite | Note A-3.1.6.1. || 2024-October-20 }}]]. Also see [[#9.1.6. Protected Roof Systems | Subsection 9.1.6., "Protected Roof Systems"]])
−
#Roof assemblies for non-conforming buildings must be engineered for proper securement to withstand wind loads.
 
−
#Non-conforming building roof assemblies must incorporate RoofStar-accepted materials.
 
  
−
===Step 2: Select the Type of Roof Assembly===
+
<ol>
−
{| class="wikitable floatleft" | style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: 10px; border: none;"
+
<li>''Roof systems'' secured with {{hilite | stone (gravel) || 2025-October-25 }} ballast, pavers, or a combination of each, must be designed to resist displacement by ''Specified Wind Loads'', regardless of any ''overburden'' the design may call for.
 +
<li>The securement of all ''roof systems'' held in place by ballast must be designed by a ''registered professional'' "skilled in the work concerned" ("British Columbia Building Code", Division C, [https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/farming-natural-resources-and-industry/construction-industry/building-codes-and-standards/revisions-and-mo/bcbc_2024.pdf#page=836 Section 2.2., "Administration"]), and ballast rates shall conform to
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>the minimum requirements in {{hilite | '''Table 3.1.6.1.''' || 2025-October-25 }} (Ref. [[#3.3.5.1. Ballasted Systems | Article 3.3.5.1., "Ballasted Systems"]], and [[#9.3.6. Protected Roof Systems | Subsection 9.3.6., "Protected Roof Systems"]]), or
 +
<li>extrapolated values using ANSI-SPRI RP-4 (latest edition), "Wind Design Standard for Ballasted Single-ply Roofing Systems".
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | {{hilite | Stone ballast || 2025-October-25 }} size for all ballasted ''roof systems'' shall conform to ASTM D7655/D7655M-12, "Standard Classification for Size of Aggregate Used as Ballast for Membrane Roof Systems". || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>To facilitate resistance to ''Specified Wind Loads'',
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>a filter fabric is required beneath gravel or paver ballast, and
 +
<li>a protection layer is required beneath crushed ballast.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">On roofs specified to utilize {{hilite | stone || 2025-October-25 }}{{strike| gravel || 2024-October-25 }} ballast, no fewer than two parallel rows of pavers should be considered for ''Corner'' and ''Edge'' zones, to prevent or reduce wind scouring of the gravel</span>.
 +
<li>When pavers are selected as ballast for a ''roof system'', the ''Design Authority'' must determine the support and placement of pavers to resist displacement by ''Specified Wind Loads''.
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Vegetated roof systems'' designed as ballast for a ''protected membrane roof assembly'' shall be designed in accordance with the requirements in|| 2025-October-25 }} [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard#PART_3 {{hilite |Part 3|| 2025-October-25 }}] {{hilite |of the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”|| 2025-October-25 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<br>
 +
:::{|
 +
|-
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Table 3.1.6.1.<br>Minimum Requirements for Stone Ballast''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Article 3.1.6.1. || 2025-October-25 }}<br><small>{{hilite | (Note: these requirements apply only where no other guidance for stone ballast<br>has been provied by the ''Design Authority'') || 2025-October-25 }}</small>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[File:Figure 3.3.jpg|link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/6/6f/Figure_3.3.jpg |40 px]]
 
 
|}
 
|}
−
Methods for securing the roof depend, in part, on the type of roof.  How a conventionally insulated roof is secured is quite different from the securement principles and methods for a ''Protected Membrane Roof Assembly''.  Conventionally insulated roofs that support any type of overburden should be treated like an uncovered roof, and secured accordingly (see below for options available to secure a conventional roof assembly); the ''Vegetated Assembly'' itself is subject to different securement methods, based on its own ''Specified Wind Loads''.  Protected Membrane assemblies, on the other hand, are secured completely separately.  Guidance for these also is provided below.
+
:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
 +
|-
 +
! XPS Insulation<br>Thickness !! Stone Ballast Required Weight !! Minimum Ballast Depth<br>(approximate)<sup>†</sup>
 +
|-
 +
|  Up to 50.8 mm (2") ||  60 Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (12 lb./sf) || 44.45 mm (1-3/4")
 +
|-
 +
| 76.2 mm (3") || 80 Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (17 lb./sf) || 57.15 mm (2-1/4")
 +
|-
 +
| 101.6 mm (4") || 108 Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (22 lb./sf) || 76.2 mm (3")
 +
|-
 +
| 125 mm (5") || 132 Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (27 lb./sf) || 88.9 mm (3-1/2")
 +
|-
 +
| 152.4 mm (6") || 156 Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (32 lb./sf) || 107.95 mm (4-1/4")
 +
|-
 +
| 177.8 mm (7") || 180 Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (37 lb./sf) || 125 mm (5")
 +
|-
 +
| 203.2 mm (8") || 204 Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (42 lb./sf) || 139.7 mm (5-1/2")
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
::<small><sup>†</sup> These minimum requirements should be noted by the ''registered professional'' <br>designing the ballast system.</small>
  
−
Follow the path in '''Step 3''' that fits with your roof assembly design.<br>
+
====3.1.6.2. Securement of Modified Protected Roof Systems====
  
−
===Step 3: Design Roof Assembly Securement===
+
<ol>
−
{| class="wikitable floatleft" | style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: 10px; border: none;"
+
<li>Modified ''protected roof systems'' shall be secured according to the requirements for ''conventionally insulated'' roofs supporting overburden.
−
|-
+
</li></ol>
−
| [[File:Figure 3.3.jpg|link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/6/6f/Figure_3.3.jpg |40 px]]
+
 
−
|}
+
===3.1.7. Roof Replacement and Alterations===
−
The following sub-sections provide guidance for each of the following roof assemblies:
+
====3.1.7.1. Complete Roof System Replacement====
−
:::*Conventionally insulated
+
 
−
:::*Ballasted
+
<ol>
−
:::*Roofs supporting an overburden
+
<li>Complete ''roof system'' replacement ''projects'' must be designed to secure the new ''roof system'' against displacement by ''Specified Wind Loads''.
−
:::*Partially replaced roofs
+
</li></ol>
−
====Conventionally Insulated Roof Assemblies====
 
−
Whether the conventionally insulated roof is covered or uncovered, it must be secured using one of three methods.  These are presented below as a progression from simplicity to complexity, and from low cost (for the ''Design Authority'') to high cost.
 
  
−
If the intent of the ''Design Authority'' is to replace only a part of the existing roof system, see '''2.7.2''' for guidance and options.  See also '''3.3.3.4''' below.
+
====3.1.7.2. Partial Roof System Replacement====
  
−
=====<u><big>Tested Assemblies</big></u>=====
+
<ol>
 +
<li>Partial roof replacements must be designed to secure the ''roof system'' against displacement by ''Specified Wind Loads'', in keeping with the requirements in [[#3.1.3.2. Calculation of Specified Wind Loads | Article 3.1.3.2.]] (See also [[#3.3.6.2. Partial Roof Replacement | Article 3.3.6.2.]]).
 +
<li>When specifying securement for a partial roof replacement, the securement system must be designed and specified by the ''Design Authority'' (See also [[#1.1.4. Replacement and Alterations | Subsection 1.1.4., "Replacement and Alterations"]]); <span class="recommended">nevertheless, mechanical fastening, when practicable, is the recommended method for securing new materials to an existing ''roof system''</span> (See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-3.7.7.2. | Note A-3.1.7.2.]]).
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
<span class="reference">''Tested Assemblies'' are material components that have been selected by the membrane manufacturer, secured using one of three methods, and subsequently tested by an independent certified laboratory to determine the limits of the assembly’s ability to resist negative wind pressure (loads), or ‘wind uplift’. Each of the three methods is expressed with an acronym</span>:
+
==Section 3.2. Materials==
−
:[http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=MARS_Tested_Materials '''MARS''']<span class="reference">, or Mechanically Attached Roof Systems – these systems are held in place only with mechanical fasteners that are installed at the membrane layer</span>.
+
===3.2.1. Material Properties===
−
:[http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=PARS_Tested_Materials '''PARS''']<span class="reference">, or Partially Adhered Roof Systems – both mechanical fasteners and adhesives are used as a hybrid method of securement; the membrane is always adhered, using an applied adhesive or heat-welding</span>.
+
====3.2.1.1. Substituting Materials Used in a Tested Assembly====
−
:[http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=AARS_Tested_Materials '''AARS''']<span class="reference">, or Adhesive Applied Roof Systems – these are roofs secured only with adhesives or heat-welded components</span>.
+
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-3.2.1.1. | Note A-3.2.1.1.]])
  
−
{{hilite | Only Tested Assemblies that have been tested by qualified facilities wholly independent of roof system manufacturers will be regarded by the RoofStar Guarantee Program as legitimate.  Click [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php/CSA_A123.21_Qualified_Test_Facilities '''here'''] for a list of qualified testing agencies. || 2020-February-15 }}
+
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | When a manufacturer's ''Tested Assembly'' incorporates materials (and listed alternates) that are not part of the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''', the ''Design Authority'' must identify appropriate substitutions for those materials from the list of|| 2021-October-30 }} [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Division_C:_Accepted_Materials RoofStar-accepted Materials], and obtain
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | written approval from the technical manager of the ''manufacturer'' stating that the substituting material will not reduce the capabilities of the ''Tested Assembly''|| 2021-October-30 }}, or
 +
<li>{{hilite | a letter of support issued by a registered professional qualified to perform the work in Part 4 of the Building Code (Ref. the "British Columbia Building Code", Division C, Part 2,|| 2021-October-30 }} [https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/farming-natural-resources-and-industry/construction-industry/building-codes-and-standards/revisions-and-mo/bcbc_2024.pdf#page=837 {{hilite |Article 2.2.1.2., "Structural Design"|| 2021-October-30 }}]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | Any material substitution should|| 2021-October-30 }}</span>
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | be limited to one (1) material component from the ''Tested Assembly'', but the substitution of more than one material component is permissible provided the substitution complies with the other requirements in this Article|| 2021-October-30 }}</span>, and
 +
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | be made in keeping with the decision process flows for MARS, PARS and AARS assemblies published in|| 2021-October-30 }}</span> CSA-A123.21, "Standard test method for the dynamic wind uplift resistance of membrane-roofing systems" (latest edition), "Annex F".
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Because of its nature, a ''new roof assembly'' patterned after an ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance'' does not qualify for material substitution|| 2021-October-30 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
To find a Tested Assembly, follow any of the links shown above.  
+
===3.2.2. Securement Materials===
−
#<span class="recommended">The ''Design Authority'' is strongly encouraged to specify the application of a ''Tested Assembly'', for any design of a new roof or full roof replacement</span>.
+
====3.2.2.1. Fasteners====
−
#The ''Design Authority'' must use only the test observation readings that have been adjusted for the Safety Factor.
 
−
#Tested Assembly observation readings, reduced by the Safety Factor, must equal or exceed the highest ''Specified Wind Loads'' for the roof.
 
−
#When a ''Tested Assembly'' report indicates only one system of securement, that system shall be applied to all roof zones.
 
  
−
=====<u><big>Roof Assemblies with Proven Past Performance</big></u>=====
+
<ol>
 +
<li>The minimum requirements in this Article apply to any ''roof system'', regardless of requirements published elsewhere.
 +
<li><span class="principles">The ''Design Authority'' should specify the correct type of fastener, keeping in mind</span>
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="principles">pull-out strength,</span> and
 +
<li><span class="principles">corrosion resistance (contributing factors to fastener corrosion may include dissimilar metal contact, excessive building humidity, corrosive chemicals within components of the ''roof system'', or corrosive elements provided within the building envelope etc.)</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Fasteners must be capable of securing the ''roof system'' components to resist ''Specified Wind Loads''.
 +
<li>Unless otherwise permitted in writing by the ''manufacturer'', fasteners shall be resin-coated, self-drilling screws manufactured with recessed heads, and must be used in combination with plates, as shown in {{hilite | '''Table 3.2.2.1.''' || 2025-October-25 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<br>
 +
::::{|
 +
|-
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Table 3.2.2.1.<br>Minimum Fastener and Plate Requirements''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Article 3.2.2.1. || 2025-October-25 }}<br><small>{{hilite | (Note: these requirements apply only where no other guidance for fastener and plate types and sizes has been provided by the ''Design Authority'') || 2025-October-25 }}</small>
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
{|  class="wikitable" style="margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto;border-color:#E7E9E9;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;" 
 +
|-
 +
! Material !! Fastener<br>Size !! Plate
 +
|-
 +
| Deck overlays || #12 || 73.03 mm (2-7/8”) Hexagonal, 76.2 mm (3”) Round or Square
 +
|-
 +
| Insulation || #12  || 73.03 mm (2-7/8”) Hexagonal, 76.2 mm (3”) Round or Square
 +
|-
 +
| Insulation Overlays || #12  || 73.03 mm (2-7/8”) Hexagonal, 76.2 mm (3”) Round or Square
 +
|-
 +
|  Membranes || #14  || Proprietary
 +
|-
 +
|}
  
−
#A roof assembly with proven past performance is an assembly utilizing materials acceptable for the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''', that has a proven track record of wind uplift resistance
+
====3.2.2.2. Adhesives====
−
##for at least as long as the expected life of the roof assembly
 
−
##for buildings, and in conditions, that are reasonably representative of the ''Project'' the assembly will be specified for
 
−
#Roof assemblies with proven past performance
 
−
##are an acceptable alternative to a ''Tested Assembly'' when
 
−
###a ''Tested Assembly'' cannot be used.
 
−
###material components in a Tested Assembly are not accepted by the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''', and the ''Tested Assembly'' offers no suitable alternates.
 
−
###a ''Tested Assembly'' is not available because
 
−
####a material or system has not been tested.
 
−
####the ''Specified Wind Loads'' exceed the capacity of an available for suitable Tested Assembly.
 
−
##may be used for partial roof replacement.
 
−
#Assemblies with proven past performance must be
 
−
##designed to exceed the ''Specified Wind Loads'' for the building .
 
−
##supported with a signed letter of assurance, issued by the ''Design Authority'' or the manufacturer of the proven assembly, that the assembly will perform as required.
 
−
#Approvals issued by FM Global or another underwriter, for roof assemblies capable of resisting the Specified Wind Load of the Project, may be given consideration by the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''', but must be delivered to the RCABC for review and written acceptance, along with a letter of assurance from the ''Design Authority'' or the manufacturer.
 
  
−
=====<u><big>Engineered Designs</big></u>=====
+
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Adhesives used to secure any ''roof system'' materials must be acceptable to the ''manufacturer'' and be capable of resisting ''Specified Wind Loads''. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>Adhesives listed in a selected ''Tested Assembly''
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>must be used to secure applicable layers within the ''roof system'', and
 +
<li>may be substituted only with products listed in the ''Tested Assembly'' report.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>In the absence of a ''Tested Assembly'', or for adhered and partially adhered ''roof assemblies'' with ''Proven Past Performance'', adhesives used to secure new roofing materials must be acceptable to the ''manufacturer'' and must be demonstrably capable of resisting ''Specified Wind Loads''.
 +
<li>Bitumen used as a hot-applied adhesive must be Type 3 or SEBS.
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
When, for various reasons, a system of securement cannot be designed using either a ''Tested Assembly'' or an assembly with proven past performance, the ''Design Authority'' must have the securement system designed by a qualified engineer following the requirements of the BCBC.
+
====3.2.2.3. Stone (Gravel) Ballast====
 +
(See also {{hilite | '''Table 3.1.6.1.''' || 2025-October-25 }} in [[#3.1.6.1. Securement of Ballasted Roof Systems | Article 3.1.6.1.]])
  
−
====Ballasted Roof Assemblies====
+
<ol>
−
'''NOTE''': the reader must consult the Design and Application requirements for '''12.1 Protected and Modified Protected Membrane Roof Assemblies''', and for '''14 THE ROOF as a PLATFORM''' (with respect to Vegetated Roof Systems).
+
<li>{{hilite | Stone (gravel) || 2025-October-25 }} ballast used to secure a ''roof system'' must be washed (clean) round or crushed stone and must conform to ASTM D7655/D7655M-12, "Standard Classification for Size of Aggregate Used as Ballast for Membrane Roof Systems", or to Table 3.3.
−
#Roof assemblies secured with gravel ballast or pavers must be designed to resist wind uplift, regardless of any overburden the design may call for. To facilitate resistance to wind uplift,
+
<li>The minimum requirements in this Article must not be reduced except by a written Variance that shall be endorsed in writing by the owner or the owner's representative, and submitted to the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''' as part of the '''''Guarantee''''' record.
−
##a filter fabric is required beneath gravel or paver ballast
+
</li></ol>
−
##a protection layer is required beneath crushed ballast
+
<br>
−
##gravel ballast for a PMRA must conform to the following minimum requirements:
+
{|
−
::{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
 
−
|+ Table 3.2 RGC Ballast Guide
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
! XPS Insulation<br>Thickness !! Stone Ballast Required Weight !! Ballast Depth<br>(approximate)
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Up to 50 mm (2") || 60 Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (12 lb./sf) || 40 mm (1 ¾")
+
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Table 3.2.2.3.<br>Stone Ballast Size and Grades''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Article 3.2.2.3. || 2025-October-25 }}
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 75 mm (3") || 8r Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (17 lb./sf) || 60 mm (2 ¼")
+
|}
 +
:::{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 100 mm (4") || 108 Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (22 lb./sf) || 75 mm (3")
+
! Nominal size !! Percentage Passing
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 125 mm (5") || 132 Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (27 lb./sf) || 90 mm (3 ½")
+
| 38.1 mm (1-1/2") || 100%
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 150 mm (6") || 156 Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (32 lb./sf) || 105 mm (4 ¼")
+
| 25.4 mm (1") || 70 - 100%
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 175 mm (7") || 180 Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (37 lb./sf) || 125 mm (5")
+
| 19.05 mm (3/4") || 5 - 20 %
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 200 mm (8") || 204 Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (42 lb./sf) || 140 mm (5 ½")
+
| 12.7 mm (1/2") || 0 - 6 %
 +
|-
 +
| 4.76 mm (3/16") || 0 - 2 %
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
====Roofs Supporting an Overburden====
+
====3.2.2.4. Pavers and Pedestals====
−
#Any supported overburden must be installed in keeping with the designed securement methods and systems specified by the ''Design Authority'', and must equal or exceed the ''Specified Wind Loads'' for the roof.
+
 
−
#''Vegetated Roof Systems'' (VRSs) constructed in modules must be secured according to the methods specified by the ''Design Authority''.
+
<ol>
 +
<li>Pavers that are partially supported (i.e., with pedestals) should be capable of resisting anticipated loads (i.e., hydraulically pressed concrete pavers).
 +
<li>Pedestals
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="principles">should be adjustable when a level surface is required</span>,
 +
<li>must be purpose-made, and
 +
<li>must include an integral spacer rib measuring at least a 3.18 mm (1/8”) in width, to uniformly separate pavers.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
==Section 3.3. Application==
 +
===3.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
 +
====3.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====3.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>All ''projects'' intended to qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''' shall comply with the requirements in this Standard for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and shall
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>conform to the specified design when enhanced ''roof system'' securement is required (See [[#3.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee | Article 3.1.2.1.]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===3.3.2. All Systems===
 +
====3.3.2.1. Securing Systems with Mechanical Fasteners====
  
−
====Partial Roof Replacements====
+
<ol>
−
#When only a portion of an existing roof system is specified for replacement, the new materials must be secured to resist wind uplift. See also '''1.4.2 Replacement Roofing'''.
+
<li>Unless otherwise specified by a ''Tested Assembly'', a ''roof assembly'' with ''Proven Past Performance'', or a custom-engineered ''assembly'',
−
#Mechanical fastening is the most reliable method for securing new materials installed over an existing roof assembly.  When mechanical fastening is not practicable, the system of securement must be specially engineered.
+
<ol>
 +
<li>fastener patterns shall conform to Tables 3.5. through 3.10.,
 +
<li>the minimum number of fasteners must conform to the requirements in Table 3.4., and
 +
<li>fasteners shall be installed at least 152.4 mm (6”) from panel corners, measured from each edge of the panel, but the precise placement of fasteners shall be confirmed with the ''manufacturer''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Fasteners used to secure boards from curling, or to secure boards at slope transitions, shall be additional to the minimum number of fasteners and plates required by a ''Tested Assembly'', a ''roof assembly'' with ''Proven Past Performance'', a custom-engineered ''assembly'', or the patterns shown in Tables 3.4. through 3.10.
 +
<li>When mechanically attached membranes are installed together with new insulation, the ''insulation assembly'' {{hilite | (with or without an ''insulation overlay'')|| 2020-July-3 }} must be held in place independently from the membrane, with no fewer than four (4) fasteners per panel.
 +
<li>{{hilite | Regardless of where fasteners are used in the ''roof system'', when they penetrate and secure another material to a substrate, mechanical fasteners must conform to the requirements illustrated in {{hilite | Figure 3.4.|| 2021-October-30 }} and shall (unless exceeded by the fastener manufacturer’s published requirements)|| 2020-July-3 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite |penetrate through the bottom surface of|| 2021-October-30 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>steel ''decks'' at least 19.05 mm (3/4") (<span class="principles">fasteners should penetrate the top flutes only)</span>, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | plywood sheathing by at least 19.05 mm (3/4")|| 2021-October-30 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite |penetrate into solid dimensional lumber or concrete by at least 25.4 mm (1")|| 2021-October-30 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Unless otherwise provided for in a ''Tested Assembly'' report, in the documentation for an ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance'', or by a ''Registered Professional'' in a custom-engineered securement system, mechanical fastening of panel materials shall conform  to the minimum RGC Guarantee historical requirements in '''Table 3.3.2.1.-A''' through '''Table 3.3.2.1.-G''' || 2025-October-25 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 
<br>
 
<br>
−
=====<big><u>Mechanical Fastening</u></big>=====
+
::::::::{|
−
#When mechanical fastening is specified by the ''Design Authority'' as the securement method, the minimum number and pattern of fasteners mandated by the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Standards''''' published below prevail unless exceeded by another reliable method.
+
|-
−
#Multiple layers of insulation that are mechanically fastened must be secured together, as if they are a single layer.
+
|-
−
#Mechanical fasteners must penetrate
+
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 3.3.2.1.-A Fastener Penetration Into or Through Deck''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Sentence 3.3.2.1.(4). || 2025-October-25 }}<br><small>(Click to expand illustration)</small>
−
##steel decks at least 20 mm (3/4") – <span class="principles">fasteners should penetrate the top flutes only</span>.
+
|-
−
##into solid dimensional lumber or plywood sheathing by at least 25 mm (1").
+
| [[File:Figure 3.5.jpg|link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/9/95/Figure_3.5.jpg| 500 px]]
−
#When mechanically attached membranes are installed together with new insulation, the insulation assembly must be held in place independently from the membrane, as shown in '''Table 3.3'''.
+
|}
−
#'''Table 3.3''' shows the minimum required number of fasteners, unless otherwise specified by a ''Tested Assembly''. Also see the required patterns, displayed below the table:
+
 
−
##Fasteners must be installed no more than 150 mm (6”) from panel corners, measured from each edge of the panel.
+
:{|
−
##Fasteners used to secure boards from curling, or to secure boards at slope transitions, shall be in addition to the minimum number of fasteners and plates required by the patterns shown in '''Table 3.4'''.
+
|-
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:800px;" | {{hilite | '''Table 3.3.2.1.-A.<br>Minimum Requirements for Mechanical Fastening''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Article 3.3.2.1.<br><small>(Note: Fasteners may be located within 50.8 mm (2") (in any direction) of the positions shown in the diagrams,<br>but this must be validated by the ''manufacturer''.)</small>|| 2025-October-25 }}
 +
|-
 +
|}
 
:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
 
:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
−
|+ Table 3.3 RGC Mechanical Fastening (minimum requirements)
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
! colspan="1" rowspan="2" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"  |  Material Dimensions
+
! colspan="1" rowspan="2" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"  |  Material Dimensions
−
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"  | Roof Zone
+
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px;vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"  | Roof Zone (Field, Perimeter, Corner)
 
|-
 
|-
−
!  colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 100px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"      |  Field
+
!  colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"      |  F
−
!  colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"        |  Perimeter
+
!  colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"        |  P
−
!  colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"      |  Corner
+
!  colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"      |  C
 
|-
 
|-
−
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"      |  1200mm x 2400mm (4’ x 8’) ||  ||  ||   
+
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"      |  1219.2 mm x 2438.4 mm (48" x 96") ||  ||  ||   
 
|-
 
|-
 
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"  | Deck Overlay supporting mechanically attached materials ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 4 ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background:#ffffcc;"  | 4  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background:#ffffcc;"  | 4
 
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"  | Deck Overlay supporting mechanically attached materials ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 4 ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background:#ffffcc;"  | 4  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background:#ffffcc;"  | 4
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"  | Deck Overlay supporting adhered materials ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 8 ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 12 || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 15
+
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"  | {{hilite | Insulation or Insulation Overlay supporting mechanically attached materials || 2020-July-3 }} ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | {{hilite | 4 || 2020-July-3 }} ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | {{hilite | 4 || 2020-July-3 }} || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | {{hilite | 4 || 2020-July-3 }}
 
|-
 
|-
 
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"  | Insulation ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 8 ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 12  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 15
 
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"  | Insulation ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 8 ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 12  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 15
Line 700: Line 1,419:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
 +
 
:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
 
:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
−
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"      |  1200mm x 1800mm (4’ x 6’)  ||  ||  ||
+
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"      |  1219.2 mm x 1828.8 mm (48" x 72")  ||  ||  ||
 
|-
 
|-
 
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"  | Insulation ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 6 ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 8  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 12
 
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"  | Insulation ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 6 ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 8  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 12
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
 +
 
:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
 
:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
−
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"      |  1200mm x 1200mm (4’ x 4’)  ||  ||  ||
+
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"      |  1219.2 mm x 1219.2 mm (48" x 48")  ||  ||  ||
 
|-
 
|-
 
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"  | Insulation ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 5 ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 6  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 8
 
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"  | Insulation ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 5 ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 6  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 8
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
 +
 
:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
 
:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
−
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"      |  900mm x 100mm (3’ x 4’)    ||  ||  ||
+
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"      |  914.4 mm x 1219.2 mm (36" x 48")    ||  ||  ||
 
|-
 
|-
 
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"  | Insulation ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 4 ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 6  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 7
 
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"  | Insulation ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 4 ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 6  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 7
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
 +
 
:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
 
:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
−
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"      |  600mm x 2400mm (2’ x 8’)    ||  ||  ||
+
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"      |  609.6 mm x 2438.4 mm (24" x 96")    ||  ||  ||
 
|-
 
|-
 
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"  | Insulation ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 5 ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 6  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 8
 
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"  | Insulation ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 5 ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 6  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 8
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
 +
 
:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
 
:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
−
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"      |  600mm x 1200mm (2’ x 4’)  ||  ||  ||  
+
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"      |  609.6 mm x 1219.2 mm (24" x 48")  ||  ||  ||  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"  | Insulation ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 4 ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 4  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 5
 
| style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"  | Insulation ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 4 ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 4  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #ffffcc;"  | 5
Line 731: Line 1,455:
 
|}
 
|}
  
 +
====3.3.2.2. Securing Systems with Adhesives====
 +
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="principles">Adhesives may be used to secure new roofing materials to an existing ''roof system''</span>, provided the specific application procedures and methods are engineered by or for the ''Design Authority''.
 +
<li>Notwithstanding Sentence (1), the use of adhesive to secure insulation shall conform to [[#7.3.3.1. Adhesive-applied Insulation | Article 7.3.3.1.]]
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 +
====3.3.2.3. Securing Roofs with Overburden====
 +
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Any ''overburden'', including ''vegetated roof systems'', must be installed in keeping with the designed securement methods and systems specified by the ''Design Authority'', {{hilite | and {{strike| in alignment with || 2024-October-25 }} shall also conform to the the requirements in || 2025-October-25 }} [[#Part 14 - The Roof as a Platform | Part 14]] {{hilite | of this Standard and to both Part 3 and [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard#PART_10 Part 10] of the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs” || 2025-October-25 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<br>
 +
::{|
 +
|-
 +
|  colspan="1"; style="text-align:left;width:950px;" |NOTE: {{hilite | '''Table 3.3.2.1.-B''' through '''Table 3.3.2.1.-G''' || 2025-October-25 }} {{hilite | illustrate fastener patterns and placement based on historical Guarantee requirements, to provide optimum wind uplift resistance. These patterns are to be used only when patterns are not provided in a ''Tested Assembly'', a ''roof assembly'' with ''Proven Past Performance'', or in a custom-engineered ''assembly''.  Fasteners may be located within 50.8 mm (2") of position shown in diagrams in any direction, but this must be validated by the ''manufacturer''.|| 2023-June-16 }}
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
 +
:{|
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:1000px;" | {{hilite | '''Table 3.3.2.1.-B.<br>Minimum Mechanical Fastening Patterns for<br>Panels 1219.2 mm x 2438 mm (48" x 96")''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Article 3.3.2.1.<br><small>(Click on drawing to expand)</small>|| 2025-October-25 }}
 +
|-
 +
|}
 
:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
 
:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
−
|+ Table 3.4 RGC Fastener pattern requirements (illustrated)
+
|
−
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"  |  1200mm x 2400mm (4’ x 8’)
+
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"  |  1219.2 mm x 2438.4 mm (48" x 96")
 +
|-
 +
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Field
 +
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Perimeter
 +
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Corner
 +
|-
 +
| style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"  | [[File:Table 3.4 - 4x8 (4 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/4/4f/Table_3.4_-_4x8_%284_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]]  '''4 Fasteners''' || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"  | [[File:Table 3.4 - 4x8 (4 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/4/4f/Table_3.4_-_4x8_%284_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]]  '''4 Fasteners''' || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"  | [[File:Table 3.4 - 4x8 (4 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/4/4f/Table_3.4_-_4x8_%284_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]]  '''4 Fasteners'''
 
|-
 
|-
 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Field  
 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Field  
Line 739: Line 1,493:
 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Corner
 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Corner
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[File:3852-4x48-4.gif]] '''4 Fasteners''' || [[File:3852-4x48-4.gif]] '''4 Fasteners''' || [[File:3852-4x48-4.gif]] '''4 Fasteners'''
+
| style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"  | [[File:Table 3.4 - 4x8 (8 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/b/b7/Table_3.4_-_4x8_%288_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''8 Fasteners''' || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"  | [[File:Table 3.4 - 4x8 (12 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/c/c9/Table_3.4_-_4x8_%2812_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''12 Fasteners''' || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"  | [[File:Table 3.4 - 4x8 (15 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/5/58/Table_3.4_-_4x8_%2815_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''15 Fasteners'''
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
:{|
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[File:3852-4x8-8.gif]] '''8 Fasteners''' || [[File:3852-4x8-12.gif]] '''12 Fasteners'''  || [[File:3852-4x8-15.gif]] '''15 Fasteners'''
+
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:1000px;" | {{hilite | '''Table 3.3.2.1.-C.<br>Minimum Mechanical Fastening Patterns for<br>Panels 1219.2 mm x 1828.8 mm (48" x 72")''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Article 3.3.2.1.<br><small>(Click on drawing to expand)</small>|| 2025-October-25 }}
 
|-
 
|-
−
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"  |  1200mm x 1800mm (4’ x 6’)  
+
|}
 +
:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
 +
|
 +
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"  |  1219.2 mm x 1828.8 mm (48" x 72")  
 
|-
 
|-
 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Field  
 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Field  
Line 749: Line 1,510:
 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Corner
 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Corner
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[File:3852-4x6-6.gif]] '''6 Fasteners''' || [[File:3852-4x6-8.gif]] '''8 Fasteners'''  || [[File:3852-4x6-12.gif]] '''12 Fasteners'''
+
| style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"  | [[File:Table 3.5 - 4x6 (6 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/9/94/Table_3.5_-_4x6_%286_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''6 Fasteners''' || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"  | [[File:Table 3.5 - 4x6 (8 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/8/88/Table_3.5_-_4x6_%288_fasteners%29.jpg | 300px]] '''8 Fasteners'''  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"  | [[File:Table 3.5 - 4x6 (12 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/c/c7/Table_3.5_-_4x6_%2812_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''12 Fasteners'''
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
:{|
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:1000px;" | {{hilite | '''Table 3.3.2.1.-D.<br>Minimum Mechanical Fastening Patterns for<br>Panels 1219.2 mm x 1219.2 mm (48" x 48")''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Article 3.3.2.1.<br><small>(Click on drawing to expand)</small>|| 2025-October-25 }}
 
|-
 
|-
−
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"  |  1200mm x 1200mm (4’ x 4’)
+
|}
 +
:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
 +
|
 +
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"  |  1219.2 mm x 1219.2 mm (48" x 48")  
 
|-
 
|-
 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Field  
 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Field  
Line 757: Line 1,527:
 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Corner
 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Corner
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[File:3852-4x4-5.gif]] '''5 Fasteners''' || [[File:3852-4x4-6.gif]] '''6 Fasteners''' || [[File:3852-4x4-8.gif]] '''8 Fasteners'''
+
| style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"  | [[File:Table 3.4 - 4x4 (5 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/f/f6/Table_3.4_-_4x4_%285_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''5 Fasteners''' || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"  | [[File:Table 3.4 - 4x4 (6 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/7/76/Table_3.4_-_4x4_%286_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''6 Fasteners''' || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"  | [[File:Table 3.4 - 4x4 (8 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/7/76/Table_3.4_-_4x4_%288_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''8 Fasteners'''
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
:{|
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:1000px;" | {{hilite | '''Table 3.3.2.1.-E.<br>Minimum Mechanical Fastening Patterns for<br>Panels 914.4 mm x 1219.2 mm (36" x 48")''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Article 3.3.2.1.<br><small>(Click on drawing to expand)</small>|| 2025-October-25 }}
 
|-
 
|-
−
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"  |  900mm x 1200mm (3’ x 4’)  
+
|}
 +
:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
 +
|
 +
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"  |  914.4 mm x 1219.2 mm (36" x 48")  
 
|-
 
|-
 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Field  
 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Field  
Line 765: Line 1,544:
 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Corner
 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Corner
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[File:3852-3x4-4.gif]] '''4 Fasteners'''  || [[File:3852-3x4-6.gif]] '''6 Fasteners'''  || [[File:3852-3x4-7.gif]] '''7 Fasteners'''
+
| style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"  | [[File:Table 3.5 - 3x4 (4 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/9/9f/Table_3.5_-_3x4_%284_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''4 Fasteners'''  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"  | [[File:Table 3.5 - 3x4 (6 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/d/d1/Table_3.5_-_3x4_%286_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''6 Fasteners'''  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"  | [[File:Table 3.5 - 3x4 (7 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/e/ed/Table_3.5_-_3x4_%287_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''7 Fasteners'''
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
:{|
 
|-
 
|-
−
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"  |  600mm x 2400mm (2’ x 8’)
+
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:1000px;" | {{hilite | '''Table 3.3.2.1.-F.<br>Minimum Mechanical Fastening Patterns for<br>Panels 609.6 mm x 2438.4 mm (24" x 96")''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Article 3.3.2.1.<br><small>(Click on drawing to expand)</small>|| 2025-October-25 }}
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
 +
|
 +
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"  |  609.6 mm x 2438.4 mm (24" x 96")
 
|-
 
|-
 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Field  
 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Field  
Line 773: Line 1,561:
 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Corner
 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Corner
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  [[File:3852-2x8-5.gif]] '''5 Fasteners'''  || [[File:3852-2x8-6.gif]] '''6 Fasteners''' || [[File:3852-2x8-8.gif]] '''8 Fasteners'''
+
|  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"  | [[File:Table 3.5 - 2x8 (5 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/3/39/Table_3.5_-_2x8_%285_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''5 Fasteners'''  || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"  | [[File:Table 3.5 - 2x8 (6 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/6/69/Table_3.5_-_2x8_%286_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''6 Fasteners''' || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"  | [[File:Table 3.5 - 2x8 (8 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/7/76/Table_3.5_-_2x8_%288_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''8 Fasteners'''
 
|-
 
|-
−
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"  |  600mm x 1200mm (2’ x 4’)
+
|}
 +
 
 +
:{|
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:1000px;" | {{hilite | '''Table 3.3.2.1.-G.<br>Minimum Mechanical Fastening Patterns for<br>Panels 609.6 mm x 1219.2 mm (24" x 48")''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Article 3.3.2.1.<br><small>(Click on drawing to expand)</small>|| 2025-October-25 }}
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
 +
|
 +
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width: 500px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;background: #A9A9A9;"  |  609.6 mm x 1219.2 mm (24" x 48")
 
|-
 
|-
 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Field  
 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Field  
Line 781: Line 1,578:
 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Corner
 
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 300px; vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | Corner
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[File:3852-2x4-4.gif]] '''4 Fasteners''' || [[File:3852-2x4-4.gif]] '''4 Fasteners''' || [[File:3852-2x4-5.gif]] '''5 Fasteners'''
+
| style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"  | [[File:Table 3.5 - 2x4 (4 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/f/f9/Table_3.5_-_2x4_%284_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''4 Fasteners''' || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"  | [[File:Table 3.5 - 2x4 (4 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/f/f9/Table_3.5_-_2x4_%284_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''4 Fasteners''' || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background: #fff;"  | [[File:Table 3.5 - 2x4 (5 fasteners).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/b/b3/Table_3.5_-_2x4_%285_fasteners%29.jpg | 300 px]] '''5 Fasteners'''
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
::NOTE: Fastener locations are for optimum uplift resistance. Fasteners may be located within 50 mm (2") of position shown in diagrams in any direction.
+
===3.3.3. Conventionally Insulated Roof Systems===
 +
(The requirements in [[#3.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 3.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)
 +
 
 +
====3.3.3.1. General Requirements====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>New and fully replaced ''conventionally insulated systems'' must be secured to conform to the Building Code, and shall be capable of resisting displacement by ''Specified Wind Loads'' using
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>a ''Tested Assembly'',
 +
<li>an ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance'', or
 +
<li>an ''assembly'' with custom-engineered securement.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===3.3.4. Uninsulated Systems===
 +
(The requirements in [[#3.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 3.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)
 +
 
 +
====3.3.4.1. General Requirements====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>All uninsulated ''roof systems'' that are not secured with ballast shall conform to the requirements in [[#3.1.4.1. Securement Against Specified Wind Loads | Article 3.1.4.1.]] for ''conventionally insulated systems''.
 +
<li>Uninsulated ''roof systems'' secured with {{hilite | stone || 2025-October-25 }}{{strike| gravel || 2024-October-25 }} ballast, pavers or both must be installed following the requirements in [[#3.3.5.1. Ballasted Systems | Article 3.3.5.1.]]
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===3.3.5. Protected Roof Systems===
 +
(The requirements in [[#3.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 3.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)
 +
 
 +
====3.3.5.1. Ballasted Systems====
 +
(Note: the reader must consult the Design and Application requirements for ''protected roof systems'' in [[#Part 9 - Roof Field (Membrane Systems) | Part 9]]).
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>''Roof systems'' secured with {{hilite | stone || 2025-October-25 }}{{strike| gravel || 2024-October-25 }} ballast, pavers, or both must be constructed to resist displacement by ''Specified Wind Loads''.
 +
<li>To facilitate resistance to ''Specified Wind Loads'',
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>a filter fabric is required beneath {{hilite | stone || 2025-October-25 }}{{strike| gravel || 2024-October-25 }} or paver ballast,
 +
<li>a protection layer is required beneath crushed ballast, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | stone || 2025-October-25 }}{{strike| gravel || 2024-October-25 }} ballast must conform to the specified design.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Stone || 2025-October-25 }}{{strike| gravel || 2024-October-25 }} ballast shall
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>be washed (clean) round or crushed {{hilite | material || 2025-October-25 }}{{strike| stone || 2024-October-25 }}, and
 +
<li>be selected (according to the specified design) to resist flotation and ''Specified Wind Loads''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Pavers and unit-type masonry, such as brick or {{hilite | paving stones || 2025-October-25 }}, must be supported by
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>purpose-made pedestals conforming to the requirements in [[#3.2.2.4. Pavers and Pedestals | Article 3.2.2.4.]],
 +
<li>a proprietary drainage layer overlaid with a filter fabric mat, or
 +
<li>a drainage layer of loose aggregate (such as pea gravel) measuring at least 25.4 mm (1”) in depth, installed over a filter fabric.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Pedestals
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>must permit at least 12.7 mm (1/2″) of vertical separation between the paver and the underlying substrate, to provide airflow for drying surfaces and assist in leveling,
 +
<li><span class="principles">should not impede the flow of water or air, and</span>
 +
<li><span class="principles">should uniformly distribute the dead load of pavers, and other unit masonry products, as well as predicted live loads</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Pavers must be tied together when specified by the design.
 +
<li>{{hilite | When a ''vegetated roof system'' is used as ballast, the installation shall conform to|| 2025-October-25 }} [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard#PART_10 {{hilite |Part 10|| 2025-October-25 }}] {{hilite |of the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs” (See also|| 2025-October-25 }} [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard#PART_3 {{hilite |Part 3|| 2025-October-25 }}] {{hilite |in the same Standard, concerning design requirements)|| 2025-October-25 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===3.3.6. Roof Replacement and Alterations===
 +
====3.3.6.1. Complete Roof System Replacement====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>''Roof systems'' that are removed and replaced in their entirety (excluding the air or vapour controls, which may be left in place at the discretion of the ''Design Authority'') must be secured following the requirements for new ''roof systems''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====3.3.6.2. Partial Roof Replacement====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>When only a portion of an existing ''roof system'' is specified for replacement, the new materials must be secured to resist ''Specified Wind Loads'' (See also [[#1.1.4. Replacement and Alterations | Subsection 1.1.4., "Replacement and Alterations"]]).
 +
<li>Mechanical fastening is the most reliable method for securing new materials installed over an existing ''roof assembly'', but when mechanical fastening is not practicable, the ''system'' of securement must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>custom-engineered, or
 +
<li>patterned after a ''roof assembly'' with ''Proven Past Performance'', in keeping with the requirements in [[#3.1.4.3. Specifying an Assembly with Proven Past Performance | Article 3.1.4.3.]]
 +
</ol></li>
 +
</ol></li>
  
−
=====<big><u>Adhesive Applied</u></big>=====
 
−
#Adhesives may be used to secure new roofing materials to an existing roof system, provided the specific application procedures and methods are engineered by or for the ''Design Authority''.
 
−
#Notwithstanding the above, the minimum requirements set out in '''7.3.2.4''' apply.
 
 
<hr>
 
<hr>
−
<div id="SBSMATERIALS"></div>
+
<div id=PART_4></div>
 +
 
 +
=Part 4 - Materials=
 +
==Section 4.1. Design==
 +
===4.1.1. General===
 +
====4.1.1.1. Scope====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====4.1.1.2. {{strike| Definitions || 2024-October-23 }}{{hilite | Defined Terms || 2025-October-25 }}====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].  Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part:
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>''Primary Material'' means a material used in a roof or grade-level waterproofing ''system'' that protects a building interior from water.  ''Primary materials'' are often exposed to the weather (protected membranes are an exception), and therefore also protect ''secondary materials'' from damage.  Membranes, metal panels, asphalt shingles, and cedar shakes and shingles, form the core body of materials classified as ''primary''.
 +
<li>''Secondary Material'' means one which forms part of a ''waterproofing system'' or ''water-shedding system'', and which may affect the wind resistance characteristics of the entire ''assembly'' but is not necessarily exposed to the weather.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
==Section 4.2. Materials==
 +
===4.2.1. Material Properties===
 +
====4.2.1.1. Use of Accepted Materials====
 +
(For limitations and exclusions pertaining to materials, see [[Guarantee#3.2.1.2._Limitations_and_Exclusions_of_Guarantee | Division A, Article 3.2.1.2.]])
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>All materials installed by the ''Contractor'', for new construction or alterations, must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>newly manufactured (except for reusable insulation; see [[#7.1.3.2. General Requirements | Article 7.1.3.2.]]), and may not be recycled without the expressed, written consent of the '''''Guarantor''''',
 +
<li>accepted by the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''', and
 +
<li>manufactured by, or listed as acceptable to, the manufacturer of the ''primary material''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>All uninstalled materials must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>protected from weather with wrappers approved or recommended by the ''manufacturer'',
 +
<li>properly stacked, and
 +
<li>secured above ground or on the roof surface.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>All installed roofing materials that are susceptible to moisture damage must be made watertight by the end of each workday.
 +
<li>Metals and fasteners must be compatible with each other, to avoid galvanic corrosion which can occur when dissimilar metals contact each other.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
==Section 4.3. Application==
 +
===4.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
 +
====4.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====4.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee'''''.
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
=MATERIALS=
+
===4.3.2. All Systems===
−
Click [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Materials_by_Product_Type '''here'''] to view all the Materials accepted for use in the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program'''''.
+
====4.3.2.1. Application of New Materials====
−
==General==
 
−
#All roofing components installed by the contractor must be
 
−
##new
 
−
##accepted by the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program'''''.
 
−
##manufactured by, or listed as acceptable to, the manufacturer of the primary field membrane or water-shedding material.
 
−
#:<br>
 
−
#:A list of all ''Accepted Materials'' is published in this '''Manual''' (see link above).
 
−
#All materials must be protected from weather, properly stacked and secured above ground or the roof surface and covered by wrappers approved or recommended by the manufacturer.
 
−
#All installed roofing materials that are susceptible to moisture damage must be made watertight by the end of each work day.
 
−
#Metals and fasteners must be compatible with each other, to avoid galvanic corrosion which can occur when dissimilar metals come in contact with each other.
 
  
−
===Definitions===
+
<ol>
−
Refer to the [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Glossary '''Glossary'''] for further definitions of key terms used in this '''Manual'''.
+
<li>All new materials installed as part of the ''roof system'' shall conform to the ''manufacturer's'' published requirements, unless superseded by this Standard.
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
:'''''Primary Material''''' means a roofing, waterproofing or water-shedding material which is directly exposed to the weather and which is primarily responsible for protecting secondary materials, and the building interior, from water and weather generally. Membranes, metal panels or shingles form the core of this material type.
 
−
:'''''Secondary Material''''' means one which forms part of the roof or waterproofing assembly and which may affect the wind resistance characteristics of the entire assembly, but is not necessarily exposed to the weather.
 
 
<hr>
 
<hr>
−
<div id="SBSSUBSTRATES"></div>
+
<div id=PART_5></div>
−
=DECK and WALL OVERLAYS=
+
 
−
See more information on [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php/Deck_and_Wall_Overlays '''Roof Deck Overlays'''] in ''Section B: Essential Elements''.  
+
=Part 5 - Deck and Wall Overlays=
−
==General==
+
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-5| Note A-5]])
−
#<span class="reference">A roof deck overlay (also called a system underlay) is installed as part of the ''Roof Assembly'', on the top surface of the roof deck but beneath the roofing materials. These products are most commonly affixed to steel decks to provide a level surface for the roof membrane, for air or vapour control layers, or to serve as a thermal barrier between the roof deck and combustible insulation.  Roof deck overlay materials may also be applied to other types of supporting deck structures, depending on the roof design criteria</span>.
+
 
−
#<span class="principles">When a roof design includes any type of overburden, the deck overlay on steel decks, or on wood decks less than 25 mm (1” ) thick, should be at least 16 mm (5/8”) thick, in order to stiffen the supporting surface and reduce deck deflection</span>.
+
==Section 5.1. Design==
 +
===5.1.1. General===
 +
====5.1.1.1. Scope====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====5.1.1.2. {{strike| Definitions || 2024-October-23 }}{{hilite | Defined Terms || 2025-October-25 }}====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===5.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
 +
====5.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====5.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee'''''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===5.1.3. All Systems===
 +
====5.1.3.1. Required Use of Overlays====
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-5.1.3.1.| Note A-5.1.3.1.]]; see also [[#Part 9 - Roof Field (Membrane Systems) | Part 9]] and [[#Part 10 - Perimeters and Walls | Part 10]] for substrate preparation requirements)
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>A deck or wall overlay must be specified when
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>a thermal layer is required by the Building Code,
 +
<li>{{hilite | it is required as part of a ''Tested Assembly'', or || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>the conditions of the deck or wall are unsuitable for receiving roofing materials.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li><span class="principles">When a roof design includes any type of ''overburden'', the ''deck'' overlay on steel ''decks'', or on wood ''decks'' less than 25.4 mm (1”) thick, should be at least 15.88 mm (5/8”) thick, to stiffen the supporting surface and reduce ''deck'' deflection</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
==Section 5.2. Materials==
 +
(See [[Division_C | Division C, "Accepted Materials"]])
 +
 
 +
===5.2.1. Material Properties===
 +
====5.2.1.1. Suitability of Overlays====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Deck and wall overlays must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>listed in [[Division_C | Division C]],
 +
<li>acceptable to the ''manufacturer'',
 +
<li>{{hilite | suitable for the type of ''deck'' || 2023-October-28 }}, and
 +
<li>suitable for, and compatible with, any membrane or panel application.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>When plywood is used as a deck overlay, only tongue-and-groove plywood is acceptable and must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>at least 12.7 mm (1/2”) thick when installed over a mass timber deck, or
 +
<li>at least 15.88 mm (5/8”) thick, when the roof supports overburden.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====5.2.1.2. Thermal Barrier====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>When the Code having jurisdiction requires a thermal barrier, any material selected from [[Division_C | Division C]] must be suitable for the purpose.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====5.2.1.3. Overlays for Walls====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>In addition to overlays listed in [[Division_C | Division C]], ''walls'' may be overlaid with
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>plywood, provided the plywood is least 12.7 mm (1/2”) thick and is pressure-treated when applied over concrete or concrete masonry units (CMU), or
 +
<li>fibre-mat reinforced cement boards with a minimum thickness of 9.53 mm (3/8"), conforming to ASTM C1325 (latest edition), "Standard Specification for Fiber-Mat Reinforced Cementitious Backer Units".
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====5.2.1.4. Fasteners====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Refer to [[#3.2.2.1. Fasteners | Article 3.2.2.1.]]
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
==Section 5.3. Application==
 +
(This Section shall be read in conjunction with the requirements for substrate preparation in [[#Part 9 - Roof Field (Membrane Systems) | Part 9]] and [[#Part 10 - Perimeters and Walls | Part 10]])
 +
 
 +
===5.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
 +
====5.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====5.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee'''''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===5.3.2. All Systems===
 +
====5.3.2.1. Support, Arrangement, and Securement of Deck Overlays====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>''Deck'' overlays must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>fully or intermittently supported along all edges by the ''deck'', and
 +
<li>installed in a staggered pattern (offset) 304.8 mm (12") from adjacent board rows (a minus offset tolerance of 50.8 mm (2") maximum will be permitted to compensate for variance in the manufacturer's tolerance of differing board widths and lengths).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>''Deck'' overlays shall be affixed to the ''deck'' with
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>mechanical fasteners conforming to the requirements in [[#3.2.2.1. Fasteners | Article 3.2.2.1.]],
 +
<li>polyurethane foam adhesives acceptable to the ''manufacturer'' and conforming to the requirements in [[#3.2.2.2. Adhesives | Article 3.2.2.2.]], or
 +
<li>a combination of mechanical fasteners and polyurethane foam adhesives.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>When mechanical fasteners are used to secure deck overlays, the minimum number of fasteners (in combination with plates) shall be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>four (4), for every 1219.2 mm x 2438.4 mm (48" x 96") sheet, or
 +
<li>as specified by a ''Tested Assembly'', when part of a "PARS" or "MARS" ''conventionally insulated system''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====5.3.2.2. Overlays on Steel Decks====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>RoofStar-accepted ''deck'' overlay boards used as a thermal barrier to achieve a specific fire rating must conform to the applicable code and insurance requirements for the ''roof system''.
 +
<li>When the ''roof system'' is uninsulated, the ''deck'' must be overlaid with at least one 12.7 mm (1/2”) thick layer of
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>moisture resistant gypsum core ''deck'' overlay board,
 +
<li>{{hilite | a membrane-laminated overlay panel accepted by the '''''Guarantor''''' for this application, || 2023-June-16 }} or
 +
<li>plywood.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====5.3.2.3. Overlays on Concrete Decks====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>A ''deck'' overlay board is not mandatory on a concrete supporting ''deck'', but when it is specified, it must be installed to conform to the requirements in this Part.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====5.3.2.4. Overlays on Wood Decks====
  
−
==Materials==
+
<ol>
−
#Deck and wall overlays must be suitable for, and compatible with, any membrane or panel application.  Plywood, measuring at least 12.7 mm (1/2”) in thickness, is acceptable as a deck or wall overlay; for roofs supporting an overburden, the plywood must be at least 16 mm (5/8”) thick.
+
<li>A mechanically fastened overlay board is required for any deck structure that does not meet the deck fastening criteria set out in [[#2.1.5.3. All Wood Roof Decks | Article 2.1.5.3.]]
−
#When the Building Code having jurisdiction requires a thermal barrier, an accepted deck overlay must be specified and installed.
+
</li></ol>
−
#Walls that require resurfacing for membrane application must be covered with an accepted wall overlay. See Accepted [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php/Wall_Overlays '''Wall Overlays'''].
 
−
#Fasteners used to secure deck overlays must be corrosion-resistant or resin-coated, and must be used together with plates when specified or listed in a Tested Assembly report.
 
−
#See also Accepted [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php/Roof_Deck_Overlays '''Roof Deck Overlays'''].
 
  
−
==Application==
+
====5.3.2.5. Support, Arrangement, and Securement of Wall Overlays====
−
===General===
 
−
#Deck overlays must be
 
−
##fully or intermittently supported along all edges by the deck.
 
−
##installed in a staggered pattern (offset) 300 mm (12") from adjacent board rows. A minus offset tolerance of 50 mm (2") maximum will be permitted to compensate for variance in the manufacturer's tolerance of differing board widths and lengths.
 
−
##affixed to the deck with either or both
 
−
###mechanical fasteners.
 
−
###proprietary polyurethane foam adhesives acceptable to the primary roof system manufacturer to meet or exceed the requirements set out in '''3 SECURING the ROOF ASSEMBLY'''.
 
−
##independently fastened to the deck in keeping with either of the following:
 
−
###at least four (4) fasteners (with plates) per 1200 x 2400 (4’x8’) sheet, or
 
−
###as required by a ''Tested Assembly'', when part of a '''PARS''' or '''MARS''' conventionally insulated roof assembly
 
−
#Wall overlays
 
−
##must be applied to existing sheathing, where existing sheathing is not an acceptable substrate.
 
−
##may be mechanically fastened or adhered.
 
−
##may be replaced with an accepted material.
 
  
−
===Steel Decks===
+
<ol>
−
#RoofStar-accepted deck overlay boards used as a thermal barrier to achieve a specific fire rating must conform to the applicable code and insurance requirements for the roof assembly.
+
<li>''Wall'' overlay panels must be
−
#When the roof assembly is uninsulated, the deck must be overlaid with at least one layer of 12.7 mm (1/2”)
+
<ol>
−
##moisture resistant gypsum core deck overlay board, or with
+
<li>mechanically fastened with screw fasteners spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12”) O.C., both vertically and horizontally; fasteners must align with structural supports, and shall be placed
−
##plywood.
+
<ol>
 +
<li>at the perimeters,
 +
<li>at the corners, and
 +
<li>in the field, or
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>adhered with a polyurethane adhesive, applied with a continuous z-patterned ribbon spaced no less than 304.8 mm (12”) apart.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
===Concrete Decks===
 
−
#A deck overlay board is not mandatory on a concrete supporting deck.
 
  
−
===Wood Decks===
 
−
#A mechanically-fastened overlay board is required for any deck structure that does not meet the deck fastening criteria set out in '''2.3.3.3 Wood'''.
 
−
#Regardless of the type of deck overlay selected by the ''Design Authority'', the overlay boards shall be installed in a staggered pattern (offset) 300 mm (12") from adjacent board rows.  A minus offset tolerance of 50 mm (2") maximum will be permitted to compensate for variance in the manufacturer's tolerance of differing board widths and lengths.
 
−
#Adhering a primary roof membrane directly to a wood deck is not acceptable.
 
−
#Notwithstanding article 3 above, a self-adhered air or vapour control layer may be applied to a supporting wood deck.
 
−
#Mechanically-fastened or loose-laid membranes applied directly to a supporting wood deck structure do not require a deck overlay board unless specified by the membrane manufacturer.
 
−
<div id="SBSWALLSUB"></div>
 
−
===Walls===
 
−
#Where the wall surface is unsuitable to receive a membrane, it must be covered with an accepted overlay material.
 
−
#Wall overlays must be
 
−
##mechanically fastened with screw fasteners spaced no more than 300 mm (12”) O.C. vertically and horizontally, in alignment with structural supports, and placed
 
−
###at the perimeters.
 
−
###at the corners.
 
−
###in the field.
 
−
##adhered with a polyurethane adhesive, applied with a continuous z-patterned ribbon spaced no less than 300 mm (12”) apart.
 
 
<hr>
 
<hr>
−
<div id="SBSAIRVAPOUR"></div>
+
<div id=PART_6></div>
−
=AIR and VAPOUR CONTROLS=
+
 
−
See more information on [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Air_and_Vapour_Control '''Air and Vapour Control'''] in ''Section B: Essential Elements''.
+
=Part 6 - Air and Vapour Controls=
−
==General==
+
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-6 | Note A-6]])
−
===Intent===
+
 
−
<span class="reference">Air and vapour control layers, along with thermal barriers, water resistive barriers and water-shedding surfaces, serve to separate the outside environment from the interior environments of a structure. Continuous air control layers are perhaps the most critical. Building Codes in force in each jurisdiction, and the '''National Energy Code''' (2011), require the selection and proper installation of “a continuous air barrier system comprised of air-barrier assemblies to control air leakage into and out of the conditioned space” (NEC 2011)</span>.
+
==Section 6.1. Design==
 +
===6.1.1 General===
 +
====6.1.1.1. Scope====
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-6.1.1.1. | Note A-6.1.1.1.]])
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====6.1.1.2. {{strike| Definitions || 2024-October-23 }}{{hilite | Defined Terms || 2025-October-25 }}====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].  {{hilite | Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part || 2024-June-15 }}:
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Air barrier'' means a material that is manufactured and tested to prohibit the passage of air through that material || 2024-June-15 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Continuity'' means a sealed, resistive, continuous connection || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | between ''control layers'' that have the same function, and || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | between a ''control layer'' and another material or object it joins to (i.e., a roof drain or penetration) || 2024-June-15 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Control layer'' means a material used in a ''roof assembly'' or ''wall assembly'', that is manufactured and tested to resist or control the movement of air, vapour, or liquid water into or through that assembly || 2024-June-15 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Vapour retarder'' means a material that is manufactured and tested to prohibit or regulate the passage of water vapour through that material || 2024-June-15 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Water resistive barrier'' (WRB) means a material that is manufactured and tested to resist the transmission of liquid water through the material, and is usually used in wall assemblies || 2024-June-15 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===6.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
 +
====6.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====6.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee'''''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===6.1.3. All Systems===
 +
====6.1.3.1. Responsibility for Design====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The ''Design Authority'' is responsible to specify
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>air and vapour control materials,
 +
<li>the placement of continuous air and vapour ''control layers'' in relation to a ''roof system'' and its components, and
 +
<li>the selection of suitable materials for that application (See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-6.1.3.1. | Note A-6.1.3.1.]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">The ''Design Authority'' is urged to review and consider the performance characteristics of materials available for such applications</span>.
 +
<li>Coverage under the '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' shall be as described in [[Guarantee#3.2.1.2._Limitations_and_Exclusions_of_Guarantee | Division A, Article 3.2.1.2.]].
 +
<li>Notwithstanding coverage provisions in Division A, neither the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''' nor the ''Contractor'' will accept any responsibility for damage to, or failure of, the ''roof system'' caused by the use or absence of air or vapour ''control layers''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====6.1.3.2. Continuity {{hilite | of Control Layers || 2024-June-15 }} {{strike| Between Building Enclosure Systems || 2023-June-15 }}====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The ''Design Authority'', and trades constructing walls and roofs, are jointly responsible for making proper connections (''continuity'') between air and vapour control ''systems'', including the transitions between ''wall systems'' and ''roof systems''.
 +
<li>{{hilite | Where air, vapour, or water ''control layers'' intersect a ''roof drain'', ''overflow drain'', ''scupper drain'', or penetration, the intersection must be designed for ''continuity'', and drawings must detail the execution of ''continuity'' for the ''Contractor'' || 2024-June-15 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Overflow drains'' and ''scupper drains'' that penetrate ''wall assemblies'' must be designed and drawn to prevent air intrusion from the outside environment (Ref. || 2024-June-15 }} [[#3.1.5.1. Securement against Specified Wind Loads | Article 3.1.5.1.]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====6.1.3.3. Use of Air Control Materials====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The ''Design Authority'' is responsible for the selection of air control materials ({{hilite |some air ''control layers'' are considered vapour permeable, others vapour-impermeable || 2020-October-22 }}); <span class="recommended"> ''roof systems'' intended to qualify for a</span> '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' <span class="recommended">should be designed according to the regulatory design and installation requirements for effective, continuous air control ''systems''</span>.
 +
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | All materials selected by the ''Design Authority'' should conform to the material and performance characteristics required in the "British Columbia Building Code", Division B, || 2024-June-15 }} [https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcbc2018/bcbc_2018dbp5s54 Article 5.4.1.2., "Air Barrier System Properties"]</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====6.1.3.4. Use of Vapour Control Materials====
  
−
Continuity of the air and vapour control layers from the wall systems and roof systems is essential to the satisfactory performance of either or both. Therefore, proper connection between air and vapour control systems is essential, and the responsibility of both the ''Design Authority'' and trades constructing walls and roofs.
+
<ol>
 +
<li>Because continuous vapour ''control layers'' may be needed to limit “water vapour transmission and condensation, burn protection, and severe climatic conditions” (National Energy Code of Canada for Buildings 2020, [https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/ft/?id=af36747e-3eee-4024-a1b4-73833555c7fa Article 5.2.5.3.(1), "Other Considerations"]; see also the "British Columbia Building Code", Division B, [https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcbc2018/bcbc_2018dbp5s55 Article 5.5.1.1., "Required Resistance to Vapour Diffusion"]), they are considered discretionary and must be specified by the ''Design Authority''.
 +
<li>Where continuous vapour ''control layers'' are required and specified by Code, the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''' requires that a suitable vapour control ''system'' be selected by the ''Design Authority'' and properly installed by the ''Contractor'' in conformity with the vapour ''control layer'' manufacturer’s published instructions, and with the ''Design Authority’s'' specified details.
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
<span class="reference">'''Air control layers''' control “flow of air through the building enclosure, either inward or outward” (''Guide for Designing Energy Efficient Building Enclosures'', '''Homeowner Protection Office'''). Controlling air flow into and out of conditioned spaces affects the performance of “thermally efficient enclosure assemblies” (ibid), impacts the potential for condensation in between materials, and directly influences rain water penetration of the building envelope. Some air control layers are considered permeable, others air-impermeable or ‘airtight’. The suitability of one over the other, in the application of a roofing system, is left to the discernment of the ''Design Authority''</span>. <span class="recommended">Consequently, the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''' strongly recommends that designers and builders of roof systems intended to qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' carefully consider the regulatory design and installation requirements for effective, continuous air control systems</span>.
+
====6.1.3.5. High-humidity Building Interiors====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">Careful consideration should be given to the performance characteristics of air and vapour ''control layers'' when specifying such a membrane for ''roof systems'' constructed over high-humidity building interiors, which may be susceptible to the accumulation of moisture within the ''roof system'' unless effective air and vapour controls are installed</span>; these building interiors include (but are not limited to)
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>swimming pools,
 +
<li>commercial laundry facilities,
 +
<li>large  aquariums, and
 +
<li>paper mills.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
<span class="reference">'''Vapour control layers''' regulate or prohibit the movement of water vapour from one space to another by means of diffusion. Consequently, these control layers are referred to as either vapour-permeable or impermeable. Diffusion is a slow process, in contrast to air movement, and its regulation is not always mandatory or even desirable. Consequently, because continuous vapour control layers “are not needed within all climate zones and assemblies”, they are considered non-critical and may be left to the discretion of the ''Design Authority''</span>. <span class="recommended">Nevertheless, where continuous vapour control layers are required and specified by provincial or municipal building codes (current and in force), the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''' requires that a suitable vapour control system be selected by the ''Design Authority'' and properly installed by the roofing contractor in conformity with the vapour control layer manufacturer’s published instructions, and with the ''Design Authority’s'' specified details</span>.
+
====6.1.3.6. Reserved====
  
−
<span class="principles">Any references in this '''Manual''' to installation methodologies, and any construction details that show air and vapour control layers, are merely illustrative and not prescriptive</span>. <span class="recommended">Installers of continuous air and vapour control layer systems are urged to understand and comply with best practices for their application</span>.
+
==Section 6.2. Materials==
 +
===6.2.1. Material Properties===
 +
====6.2.1.1. Compatibility with Other Materials====
  
−
===Limitations and Exclusions===
+
<ol>
−
#Air and vapour control layer performance is not part of the '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''', and air and vapour control materials are not listed in the ''Accepted Materials'' section of this '''Manual'''. Therefore, the decision to specify air and vapour control layers, the placement of continuous air and vapour control layers in relation to a roof assembly and its components, and the selection of suitable materials for that application, is the sole responsibility of the ''Design Authority''. <span class="recommended">The ''Design Authority'' is urged to review and consider the performance characteristics of materials available for such applications</span>.
+
<li>The material selected for air and vapour ''control layers'' must be compatible with any other materials in the roof or ''wall'' ''assembly'' to which the ''control layer'' may come in contact, including (without limitation) contact with primers and adhesives, substrates, solvents, and cleaners.
−
#Neither the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''' nor the roofing contractor will accept any responsibility for damage to, or failure of, the roof system caused by the use or absence of air or vapour control layers.
+
</li></ol>
−
#In some roof assembly designs, the required underlayment may serve as an air control layer, vapour control layer, or both; this is dependent upon the properties of the material to be used, and will be subject to the designer’s modelling of the assembly.  Consult the Technical Data Sheets for suitable materials.
 
  
−
===Air and Vapour Controls for High-Humidity Building Interiors===
+
====6.2.1.2. Permitted Materials for RoofStar Guarantee====
−
#<span class="recommended">Careful consideration should be given to the performance characteristics of air and vapour control layers when specifying such a membrane for roof assemblies constructed over high-humidity building interiors. These types of building interiors include (but are not limited to)</span>
+
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-6.2.1.2. | Note A-6.2.1.2.]])
−
##<span class="recommended">Swimming pools</span>
 
−
##<span class="recommended">Commercial laundry facilities</span>
 
−
##<span class="recommended">Large  aquariums</span>
 
−
##<span class="recommended">Paper mills</span>
 
  
−
::<span class="recommended">Roof systems for facilities such as these, with high-humidity environments, may be susceptible to the accumulation of moisture within the roof assembly unless an effective air and vapour controls are installed</span>.
+
<ol>
 +
<li>While responsibility for the selection of suitable air and vapour ''control layers'' rests with the ''Design Authority'', a roof designed and built to qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' shall not include
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>polyethylene sheet plastic, or
 +
<li>bitumen-impregnated kraft paper.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
==Materials==
+
====6.2.1.3. Puncture Resistance and Thickness====
−
#The material selected for air and vapour control layers must be compatible with any other materials in the roof or wall assembly to which the control layer may come in contact.  This includes, without limitation, contact with primers and adhesives, substrates, solvents and cleaners.
+
 
−
#<span class="principles">Fully supported air and vapour control layers should possess a minimum published static puncture resistance rating of 150 N (34 lbf) (ref. CGSB-37.56-M for both test method and standard limits) and be either self-adhering or torch-applied; a high puncture resistance is necessary for the membrane to withstand accidental damage during construction</span>.  For unsupported air and vapour control layers, see 6.2.3 below. Therefore, while responsibility for the selection of suitable air and vapour control layers rests with the ''Design Authority'', a roof designed and built to qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' shall not include either polyethylene sheet plastic or bitumen-impregnated kraft paper.
+
<ol>
−
#<span class="recommended">Notwithstanding any of the foregoing, the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''' strongly recommends that any air and vapour control systems be installed over a smooth, continuous plane (for example, concrete or plywood). Consequently, a deck overlay board installed on corrugated steel roof decks in highly recommended</span>. Where no deck overlay board is installed and the air and vapour control layers are partially unsupported (for example, on a steel deck), the control layers each must have a published static puncture resistance of at least 400 N (90 lbf). Furthermore, both the side laps and end laps must be fully supported.
+
<li><span class="recommended">Air and vapour controls should be installed over a continuous smooth plane, regardless of a material's ability to span voids or spaces in the deck</span>.
−
#<span class="recommended">Should the air or vapour control layers be used as a temporary roof during ''Project'' construction by either the roofing contractor or by other trades, a minimum 2mm thick bituminous membrane is recommended</span>.
+
<li><span class="principles">Fully supported air and vapour ''control layers'' should possess a minimum published static puncture resistance rating of 150 N (34 lbf)</span> (Ref. CGSB-37.56-M for both test method and standard limits) <span class="principles">and be either self-adhering or torch-applied; a high puncture resistance is necessary for the membrane to withstand accidental damage during construction.</span>
−
#Because curing concrete releases considerable moisture that can compromise the performance of a roof system, a vapour control layer installed on new concrete decks (28 days or older) must be selected to prevent condensation inside the roof system. <span class="recommended">A membrane with a permeability of 0.01 perms (Class I) is recommended</span>. <span class="principles">Nevertheless, the selection of the vapour control material is the responsibility of the ''Design Authority''</span>.
+
<li>Where no ''deck'' overlay board is installed and the air and vapour ''control layers'' are partially unsupported (for example, on a steel ''deck''), the ''control layers'' must possess a published static puncture resistance of at least 400 N (90 lbf).
 +
<li><span class="recommended">Should the air or vapour ''control layers'' be used as a temporary roof during ''project'' construction by either the ''Contractor'' or by other trades, a minimum 2 mm thick bituminous membrane is recommended</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====6.2.1.4. Self-adhered and Torch-applied Materials====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | Self-adhering or adhesive-applied materials should be considered as alternatives to torch-applied membranes when the substrate to which they will be applied is combustible, or when nearby structures, openings or materials present a fire hazard|| 2020-July-3 }}.
 +
<li></span>{{hilite | A suitable separation or overlay material may be used as protection from open flame is acceptable; the application of materials to a combustible surface, using a torch, is strictly prohibited|| 2020-July-3 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====6.2.1.5. Vapour Controls for Concrete Decks====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Because curing concrete releases considerable moisture that can compromise the performance of a ''roof system'', a vapour ''control layer'' installed on new concrete ''decks'' (28 days or older) must be selected to prevent condensation inside the ''roof system''.
 +
<li><span class="recommended">A membrane with a permeability of 0.01 perms (Class I) is recommended for applications on concrete substrates, but the selection of vapour control materials is nevertheless the responsibility of the ''Design Authority''</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
==Section 6.3. Application==
 +
===6.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
 +
====6.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====6.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee'''''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===6.3.2. All Systems===
 +
====6.3.2.1. Continuity and Support====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The ''Contractor'' must
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>ensure that air and vapour ''control layers'' in the ''roof system'' field, and at perimeters, are installed to provide at least 101.6 mm (4”) of overlap, for ''continuity'' of matching layers in adjacent assemblies,
 +
<li>{{hilite | ensure that air and vapour control layers are sealed to penetrations and drains that pass through or enter the ''roof assembly'', || 2023-June-16 }} and
 +
<li>seal all control layers to matching layers in adjacent assemblies (i.e., walls), when a roof is replaced.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Installation of all air and vapour control materials must be {{hilite | smooth and uniform, without wrinkles or fish-mouths|| 2020-July-3 }}, and must {{hilite | also|| 2020-July-3 }} conform to the manufacturer’s published requirements and the ''Design Authority’s'' design details.
 +
<li>All air and vapour control membrane side and end laps must be fully supported, in the field and at transitions with curbs, ''parapets'', ''walls'', and penetrations.
 +
<li>{{hilite | When self-adhered membranes are applied directly to a steel supporting ''deck'',|| 2021-February-7 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | membranes should be oriented parallel to the direction of ''deck'' flutes|| 2021-February-7 }}</span>, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | membrane laps and changes in plane must be supported by deck flutes, or by flat metal supports secured to the deck to span gaps|| 2021-February-7 }}.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>When metal supports are used to span gaps between steel deck flutes, they must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | fabricated from pre-finished steel with a thickness no less than 24-gauge|| 2021-February-7 }}, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | secured to the ''deck'' with no fewer than two (2) compatible screw fasteners per flute|| 2021-February-7 }} ({{hilite | See Figure 6.3.2.-A and Figure 6.3.2.-B|| 2021-February-7 }}).
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Roof drains'', ''overflow drains'', ''scupper drains'', and penetrations must be detailed where they intersect an air, vapour, or water ''control layer'', to provide ''continuity'' || 2024-June-15 }}.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
 
 +
====6.3.2.2. Torch-applied Materials====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | The application of materials to an unprotected combustible material, using a torch, is strictly prohibited|| 2020-July-3 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | All combustible materials MUST be protected from open flame by an acceptable separation or overlay material; this includes, without limitation, combustible materials|| 2020-July-3 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | on ''decks'', ''walls'', blocking, and canted edges|| 2020-July-3 }}, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | that are hidden or obscured within voids, cracks, or orifices|| 2020-July-3 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | When a torch-applied membrane is specified over combustible materials, all joints between overlay panels, and at roof-wall transitions, must be sealed with the primary membrane manufacturer’s approved self-adhered membrane or tapes|| 2020-July-3 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | Where torch-applied membranes are not permitted or desirable, the installation of bituminous air and vapour control layers should align with the approaches described and required in [[#10.3.8. Alternative Approaches to Sheet Membrane Flashing | Subsection 10.3.8., "Alternative Approaches to Sheet Membrane Flashing"]]|| 2020-July-3 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====6.3.2.3. Securement on Slopes====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="principles">Self-adhered membranes applied to slopes greater than 1:6 (2” in 12”) should be additionally secured with mechanical fasteners in locations where slippage may occur, to counter-act material displacement resulting from temperatures that exceed the membrane’s service temperature</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<br>
 +
{|
 +
|-
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 6.3.2.1.-A Air, Vapour Controls Over Steel Deck<br>With Metal Support'''<br>Forming Part of Sentence 6.3.2.1.(5)<br><small>(Click to expand illustration)</small> || 2025-October-25 }} || colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 6.3.2.1.-B Air, Vapour Controls Over Steel Deck<br>With Deck Overlay Panel'''<br>Forming Part of Sentence 6.3.2.1.(5)<br><small>(Click to expand illustration)</small> || 2025-October-25 }}
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Figure 6.3.1-1.jpg | link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/5/54/Figure_6.3.1-1.jpg | 350 px]] || [[File:Figure 6.3.1-2.jpg | link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/d/d0/Figure_6.3.1-2.jpg | 350 px]]
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
====6.3.2.4. Reserved====
  
−
==Application==
 
−
#Proper installation and continuity of air and vapour control layers within the roof assembly is the responsibility of the roofing contractor. Therefore,  air and vapour control layers in the roof assembly must
 
−
##extend beyond the end of the roof assembly at least 100 mm (4”), in new construction, to provide sufficient room for the installation of matching control layers to so that they provide a positive (water-shedding) lap seal union between courses of material.
 
−
##be sealed to matching control layers in the wall assembly, for roof replacement ''Projects''.
 
−
#Installation must conform to the manufacturer’s published requirements and the ''Design Authority’s'' design details.
 
 
<hr>
 
<hr>
−
<div id="SBSINSULATION"></div>
 
−
=INSULATION=
 
−
See more information on [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Insulating_the_Roof '''Insulating the Roof'''] in ''Section B: Essential Elements''.
 
−
==General==
 
−
===Definitions===
 
−
Refer to the [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Glossary '''Glossary'''] for further definitions of key terms used in this '''Manual'''.
 
  
−
:'''''Heat-sensitive insulation''''' means insulation that may be physically or chemically altered when exposed to heat greater than 70°C (158°F) - for example, heat from a torch or from liquefied bitumen.  Heat-sensitive insulation includes EPS, XPS and Polyurethane.
+
<div id=PART_7></div>
−
:'''''Heat-resistant insulation''''' means insulation that resists heat and will not physically or chemically change when exposed to heat greater than 70°C (158°F), including liquefied bitumen.  Insulation boards of this type include fibreboard, polyisocyanurate and mineral wool.  Note that heat-resistant does not mean or even infer 'fire-proof'.  While some heat-resistant insulation materials will resist burning for a period of time, only mineral wool insulation will not burn.
+
 
 +
=Part 7 - Insulation=
 +
==Section 7.1. Design==
 +
===7.1.1. General===
 +
====7.1.1.1. Scope====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====7.1.1.2. {{strike| Definitions || 2024-October-23 }}{{hilite | Defined Terms || 2025-October-25 }}====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].  Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part: 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>''Heat-resistant insulation'' means insulation that resists heat and will not physically or chemically change when exposed to heat greater than 70°C (158°F), including {{hilite | heat from|| 2021-June-30 }} liquefied bitumen.  Insulation boards of this type include fibreboard, polyisocyanurate, and mineral fibre ("wool").  Note that "heat-resistant" does not mean or even infer 'fire-proof'.  While some heat-resistant insulation materials will resist burning for a time, only mineral fibre insulation will not burn.
 +
<li>''Heat-sensitive insulation'' means insulation that may be physically or chemically altered when exposed to heat greater than 70°C (158°F) — for example, heat from a torch or from liquefied bitumen.  Heat-sensitive insulation includes EPS, XPS and polyurethane.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===7.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
 +
====7.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====7.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and shall
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>incorporate crickets at curbs and sleepers that impede drainage or are wider or longer than 1219.2 mm (48”), to provide positive slope to drains.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===={{hilite | 7.1.2.3. RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee || 2025-October-25 }}====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee''''', the supporting ''roof assembly'' shall
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''', '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', or a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''',
 +
<li>be acceptable to the ''manufacturer'' as support for a ''vegetated roof system'', and
 +
<li>comply with the related requirements in the [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”].
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===7.1.3. All Systems===
 +
====7.1.3.1. Responsibility for Design====
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-7.1.3.1.| Note A-7.1.3.1.]])
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The ''Design Authority'' is responsible to ensure the design conforms to the Building Code and any other applicable requirements, with respect to
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>the use of a thermal barrier between the ''roof deck'' and the insulation ''system'', and
 +
<li>the minimum required thermal resistance of the insulation ''system''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====7.1.3.2. General Requirements====
  
−
===Design===
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>The use of thermal barrier between the roof deck and the insulation is the responsibility of the ''Design Authority'' and may be required by the Building and Fire Code having jurisdiction.  See also '''5 DECK and WALL OVERLAYS'''.
+
<li>{{hilite | Selected board insulation products may be used within the membrane ''roof systems'', provided the panels are listed in || 2023-June-16 }} [[Division_C | Division C]], {{hilite | and conform to the material specifications in || 2023-June-16 }} [[#Section 7.2. Materials | Section 7.2.]]
−
<li>Consult the Building Code having jurisdiction for the minimum required thermal resistance of the roof assembly.
+
</li></ol>
−
<li>Insulation materials rely on various standards for the determination of thermal resistance, which means that not all data can be easily compared.  Furthermore, not all insulation products perform with consistent thermal resistance as temperature changes, and some insulation performance declines with age.  The ''Design Authority'' is therefore urged to consider the Long Term Thermal Resistance (LTTR) for each product, in relation to its placement within the roof assembly and the anticipated outside and interior climates of the building.
+
 
−
<li>In warm seasons, the roof surface may reach temperatures higher than 85°C (185°F), affecting the performance and stability of some insulation.  Combining insulation types in a roof assembly may help mitigate these temperature swings and consequential distortion of the assembly.  The ''Design Authority'' therefore must consider these variables when specifying materials and their installation.
+
====7.1.3.3. Use of Existing Insulation====
−
<li>When heat-sensitive insulations are used in the primary thermal assembly, they must be covered with a heat-resistant insulation at least 50 mm (2”) thick.  See also '''7.1.2.9''' below.
+
 
−
<li>Insulation assemblies with a cumulative thermal resistance greater than RSI-2.64 (R-15) (based on published LTTR values measured at 24°C) must be installed in multiple layers that are offset and staggered (see '''7.3 Application'''). Within that multi-layered assembly, any single layer of insulation may have a thermal resistance greater than RSI-2.64 (R-15) provided no one layer exceeds 60% of the cumulative thermal resistance of the combined assembly of insulation and insulation overlay boards.<br>
+
<ol>
−
{| class="wikitable"
+
<li>Existing insulation on a roof may be reused (it will be excluded from coverage under the '''''Guarantee''''', which applies only to new materials), provided
−
|+{{hilite | Figure 7.1 || 2020-February-15 }}
+
<ol>
 +
<li>the ''Design Authority'' has specified its reuse, and
 +
<li>the condition of the insulation is acceptable to the ''Design Authority'' as suitable to satisfy the requirements of the Building Code.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====7.1.3.4. Effective Thermal Resistance and Layering====
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-7.1.3.4.| {{hilite | Note A-7.1.3.4.|| 2025-October-25 }}]])
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | All insulated roofs|| 2025-October-25 }}{{strike| Insulation ''assemblies'' || 2024-November-1 }} with a cumulative thermal resistance greater than RSI-2.64 (R-15) (based on published LTTR values measured at 24°C) must be installed in multiple layers that are offset and staggered (See [[#Section 7.3. Application | Section 7.3., "Application"]]).  
 +
<li>In a multi-layered ''assembly'', any single layer of insulation may have a thermal resistance greater than RSI-2.64 (R-15) provided no one layer exceeds 60% of the cumulative thermal resistance of the combined ''assembly'' of insulation, measured together with the thermal resistance of insulation overlay boards (See {{hilite | '''Figure 7.1.3.4.-A'''|| 2025-October-25 }}).
 +
<li>{{hilite | At intersections with insulated curbs and walls, insulation joints at the roof-wall interface must be offset and staggered to minimize or eliminate thermal bridging (See {{hilite | '''Figure 7.3.2.2.-A)''' || 2025-October-25 }}. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<br>
 +
::{|
 +
|-
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 7.1.3.4.-A Effective Thermal Resistance and Layering''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Sentence 7.1.3.4.(2) || 2025-October-25 }}<br><small>(Click to expand illustration)</small>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[File:7.1 Insulation Layering.jpg|link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/d/d4/7.1_Insulation_Layering.jpg | 800 px]]
+
| [[File:7.1 Insulation Layering.jpg|link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/d/d4/7.1_Insulation_Layering.jpg | 550 px]]
 
|}
 
|}
−
<li>Tapered insulation can be utilized to slope the surface of the roof assembly to achieve adequate drainage (see '''2.2 Roof Slopes'''). The thermal resistance of tapered insulation may be used in calculating the overall thermal performance of the roof assembly and may vary depending upon the layout of the sloped insulation package, but this is at the discretion of the ''Design Authority''.
+
 
−
<li>Tapered insulation
+
===7.1.4. Conventionally Insulated Systems===
 +
(The requirements in [[#7.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 7.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)
 +
 
 +
====7.1.4.1. Reuse of Insulation for Membrane Replacement====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | When a roof is specified for membrane replacement only, the existing insulation may be left in place (Subject to the requirements in [[#1.1.4.3. Partial Roof Replacement | Article 1.1.4.3.]]), but will be excluded from coverage under the '''''Guarantee'''''. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====7.1.4.2. Protection of Heat-sensitive Insulation====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>When ''heat-sensitive insulation'' is used in the primary thermal ''assembly'', it must be covered with a ''heat-resistant insulation'' at least 50.8 mm (2”) thick (See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-7.1.4.2. | Note A-7.1.4.2.]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====7.1.4.3. Tapered Insulation and Crickets====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Tapered insulation that is ''heat-sensitive'' and manufactured to cover the entire roof area (commonly referred to as a full slope or taper package) must be installed beneath at least one layer of flat board ''heat-resistant insulation'' with a minimum thickness of 50.8 mm (2”)|| 2021-June-30 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | Tapered insulation|| 2021-June-18 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | may be located anywhere within the ''roof system''</span>|| 2021-June-18 }},
 +
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | may be used in calculating the overall thermal performance of the ''insulation assembly'' but this is at the discretion of the ''Design Authority''|| 2021-June-30 }}</span> (See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-7.1.3.4.| Note A-7.1.3.4.]]), and
 +
<li>{{hilite | must be installed in multiple soldiered layers when the overall thickness of the tapered ''insulation assembly'' is greater than 152.4 mm (6”)|| 2021-June-30 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Crickets that provide no thermal resistance value to the ''roof system'' and are used only to promote drainage over limited areas of the roof|| 2021-June-30 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | should be manufactured of ''heat-resistant insulation'', but|| 2021-June-30 }}</span> <span class="recommended">{{hilite | when crickets are manufactured from ''heat-sensitive insulation'' they should be covered with a layer of ''heat-resistant insulation'' at least 50.8 mm (2") thick|| 2021-June-30 }}</span>, and
 +
<li><span class="recommended">{{hilite | may be installed directly over a ''roof deck'', although this is not recommended|| 2021-June-30 }}</span> {{hilite | (See [[#Section 8.1. Design | Section 8.1., "Design"]], for overlay requirements)|| 2021-June-30 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====7.1.4.4. Insulating Drain Sumps====
 +
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>greater than 150 mm (6”) in thickness shall be installed in multiple soldiered layers.
+
<li><span class="principles">To minimize condensation around drains, drain sumps should be adequately insulated for the regional location of the building, regardless of how the average thermal resistance for the ''roof system'' is calculated</span> (See [[#11.1.3.1. Principles of Design | Article 11.1.3.1., "Principles of Design"]]).
−
<li>{{hilite | that is heat-sensitive || 2020-February-15}} must be installed beneath at least one layer of flat board heat-resistant insulation with a minimum thickness of 50 mm (2”).</li></ol>
+
</li></ol>
−
<li>Crickets are used strictly to direct water toward drains or around obstructions, and therefore do not factor in the thermal resistance of the roof assembly.  Nevertheless, when a cricket is installed over the primary insulation assembly, the cricket must be manufactured of heat-resistant insulation.  In the alternative, crickets manufactured from heat-sensitive insulation must be covered with a layer of heat-resistant insulation at least 50 mm (2”) thick.  See also '''8.3.3.2'''.
+
 
−
<li>Regardless of average thermal resistance calculations for the roof assembly, drain sumps should be adequately insulated, based on the regional location of the building.  See '''11.1.2.1''' for drain sump design.
+
====7.1.4.5. Use of Mineral Fibre Insulation====
−
<li>Mineral wool insulation panels must be fastened or adhered according to the manufacturer’s published instructions and tested assemblies, but in any event must conform to the following Guarantee Standards, which are summarized as follows:
+
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>Only bitumen-coated Mineral Wool insulation may be used in the top-most layer of insulation, or may be secured with adhesive.
+
<li>Bitumen-coated mineral fibre insulation
−
<li>A Non-Coated Mineral Wool base insulation layer is permissible only by mechanically fastening, but may not have additional insulation layers adhered to it.
+
<ol>
−
<li>When mineral wool insulation is mechanically fastened, a 12 mm (1/2”) insulation overlay board is required, whether or not overburden is present.
+
<li>may be secured with adhesive (See {{hilite | '''Figure 7.1.4.5.-A''' || 2025-October-25 }}),
−
<li>'''Roofs without overburden''' – an insulation overlay board is not required when bitumen-coated mineral wool insulation is adhered as a single layer, or when it is adhered as the top layer in a multi-layer assembly.
+
<li>may be secured with screw-type fasteners and plates, but this is permissible only when the insulation is subsequently covered with a suitable insulation overlay panel (See {{hilite | '''Figure 7.1.4.5.-B''', '''Figure 7.1.4.5.-D''', '''Figure 7.1.4.5.-G''', and '''Figure 7.1.4.5.-H''' || 2025-October-25 }}; also [[#8.1.4.2. Use Over Mineral Fibre Insulation | Article 8.1.4.2.]]),
−
<li>'''Roofs with overburden''' – mineral wool insulation in a roof assembly that will support an overburden must be overlaid with an insulation overlay board at least 12 mm (1/2”) thick, irrespective of the method by which the insulation is fastened.
+
<li>may be installed in multiple layers,
 +
<li>must be the top layer when multiple layers of mineral fibre insulation are specified (See {{hilite | '''Figure 7.1.4.5.-C''' || 2025-October-25 }}), and
 +
<li>must be covered with a suitable insulation overlay panel {{hilite | when mechanically fastened through the top-most surface or when || 2025-October-25 }} supporting an ''overburden'' (See {{hilite | '''Figure 7.1.4.5.-E''', '''Figure 7.1.4.5.-F''', '''Figure 7.1.4.5.-G''', and '''Figure 7.1.4.5.-H''' || 2025-October-25 }}; also refer to [[#8.1.4.2. Use Over Mineral Fibre Insulation | Article 8.1.4.2.]] {{hilite | concerning required overlays and use under ''overburden'' || 2025-October-25 }}).
 
</li></ol>
 
</li></ol>
 
<br>
 
<br>
−
Optional combinations are illustrated below (hover over any image and click on the link to expand it):</li>
+
:{|
 +
|-
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 7.1.4.5.-A Use of Mineral Fibre Insulation<br>One Layer (AD*)'''<br>Forming Part of Clause 7.1.4.5.(1)(1)<br><small>(Click to expand)</small> || 2025-October-25 }} || colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 7.1.4.5.-B Use of Mineral Fibre Insulation<br>One Layer (MF*)'''<br>Forming Part of Clause 7.1.4.5.(1)(2)<br><small>(Click to expand)</small> || 2025-October-25 }}
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Mineral Wool - Single layer (adhered).jpg | link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/3/31/Mineral_Wool_-_Single_layer_%28adhered%29.jpg | 350 px]] || [[File:Mineral Wool - Single layer (mechanically fastened).jpg | link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/b/b4/Mineral_Wool_-_Single_layer_%28mechanically_fastened%29.jpg | 350 px]]
 +
|}
 +
:{|
 +
|-
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 7.1.4.5.-C Use of Mineral Fibre Insulation<br>Two Layers (AD*)'''<br>Forming Part of Clause 7.1.4.5.(1)(4)<br><small>(Click to expand)</small> || 2025-October-25 }} || colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 7.1.4.5.-D Use of Mineral Fibre Insulation<br>Two Layers (HYB*)'''<br>Forming Part of Clause 7.1.4.5.(1)(2)<br><small>(Click to expand)</small> || 2025-October-25 }}
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Mineral Wool - 2 - layer (adhered).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/4/4a/Mineral_Wool_-_2_-_layer_%28adhered%29.jpg | 350 px]] || [[File:Mineral Wool - 2-layer (hybrid).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/a/a3/Mineral_Wool_-_2-layer_%28hybrid%29.jpg | 350 px]]
 +
|}
 +
:{|
 +
|-
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 7.1.4.5.-E Use of Mineral Fibre Insulation<br>Two Layers (MF*)'''<br>Forming Part of Clause 7.1.4.5.(1)(5)<br><small>(Click to expand)</small> || 2025-October-25 }} || colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 7.1.4.5.-F Use of Mineral Fibre Insulation<br>Two Layers (AD* + Overburden)'''<br>Forming Part of Clause 7.1.4.5.(1)(5)<br><small>(Click to expand)</small> || 2025-October-25 }}
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Mineral Wool - 2-layer (mechanically fastened).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/1/1d/Mineral_Wool_-_2-layer_%28mechanically_fastened%29.jpg | 350 px]] || [[File:Mineral Wool - 2 layer (adhered - overburden).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/5/58/Mineral_Wool_-_2_layer_%28adhered_-_overburden%29.jpg | 350 px]]
 +
|}
 +
:{|
 +
|-
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 7.1.4.5.-G Use of Mineral Fibre Insulation<br>Two Layers (HYB* + Overburden)'''<br>Forming Part of Clause 7.1.4.5.(1)(5)<br><small>(Click to expand)</small> || 2025-October-25 }} || colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 7.1.4.5.-H Use of Mineral Fibre Insulation<br>Two Layers (MF* + Overburden)'''<br>Forming Part of Clause 7.1.4.5.(1)(5)<br><small>(Click to expand)</small> || 2025-October-25 }}
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Mineral Wool - 2 layer (hybrid - overburden).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/c/c2/Mineral_Wool_-_2_layer_%28hybrid_-_overburden%29.jpg | 350 px]] || [[File:Mineral Wool - 2 layer (mechanically fastened - overburden).jpg | link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/2/20/Mineral_Wool_-_2_layer_%28mechanically_fastened_-_overburden%29.jpg | 350 px]]
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
:::''*'' MF = Mechanically Fastened; AD = Adhered; HYB = Hybrid Securement
 +
 
 +
<li>When bitumen-coated mineral fibre insulation is adhered, torch-applied bituminous membranes may be applied directly to the top insulation panel; the use of an insulation overlay is optional.
 +
<li>Uncoated mineral fibre insulation panels
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>may be installed in multiple layers, but shall be located below other insulation (bitumen-coated mineral fibre, or as permitted by the ''manufacturer''), and
 +
<li>shall be secured only by mechanically fastening (Adhered, uncoated mineral fibre insulation is not permissible; see {{hilite | '''Figure 7.1.4.5.-E''' || 2025-October-25 }}).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===7.1.5. Uninsulated Systems===
 +
(The requirements in [[#7.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 7.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)
  
−
{| class="wikitable"
+
====7.1.5.1. Use of Crickets====
−
|+ Figure 7.2
+
 
−
| <gallery mode="packed-hover">
+
<ol>
−
Image: Mineral Wool - Single layer (adhered).jpg | [http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/3/31/Mineral_Wool_-_Single_layer_%28adhered%29.jpg Click here to open in new window]<br>Single layer (adhered)
+
<li>Crickets
−
Image: Mineral Wool - Single layer (mechanically fastened).jpg | [http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/b/b4/Mineral_Wool_-_Single_layer_%28mechanically_fastened%29.jpg  Click here to open in new window]<br>Single layer (mechanically fastened)
+
<ol>
−
Image: Mineral Wool - 2 - layer (adhered).jpg | [http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/4/4a/Mineral_Wool_-_2_-_layer_%28adhered%29.jpg Click here to open in new window]<br>Double layer (adhered)
+
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | should be manufactured of ''heat-resistant insulation'', but|| 2021-June-30 }}</span> <span class="recommended">{{hilite | when crickets are manufactured from ''heat-sensitive insulation'' they should be covered with a layer of ''heat-resistant insulation'' at least 50.8 mm (2") thick|| 2021-June-30 }}</span>.
−
Image: Mineral Wool - 2-layer (hybrid).jpg | [http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/a/a3/Mineral_Wool_-_2-layer_%28hybrid%29.jpg Click here to open in new window]<br>Double layer (hybrid securement)
+
<li><span class="recommended">{{hilite | may be installed directly over a ''roof deck'', although this is not recommended|| 2021-June-30 }}</span> ({{hilite |See [[#Section 8.1. Design | Section 8.1., "Design"]], for overlay requirements|| 2021-June-30 }}).
−
Image: Mineral Wool - 2-layer (mechanically fastened).jpg | [http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/1/1d/Mineral_Wool_-_2-layer_%28mechanically_fastened%29.jpg  Click here to open in new window]<br>Double layer (mechanically fastened)
+
</li></ol>
−
Image: Mineral Wool - 2 layer (adhered - overburden).jpg | [http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/5/58/Mineral_Wool_-_2_layer_%28adhered_-_overburden%29.jpg Click here to open in new window]<br>Double layer (adhered, with overburden)
+
</li></ol>
−
Image:Mineral Wool - 2 layer (hybrid - overburden).jpg | [http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/c/c2/Mineral_Wool_-_2_layer_%28hybrid_-_overburden%29.jpg Click here to open in new window]<br>Double layer (hybrid securement,with overburden)
+
 
−
Image:Mineral Wool - 2 layer (mechanically fastened - overburden).jpg | [http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/2/20/Mineral_Wool_-_2_layer_%28mechanically_fastened_-_overburden%29.jpg Click here to open in new window]<br>Double layer (mechanically fastened, with overburden)
+
===7.1.6. Protected Roof Systems===
−
</gallery>
+
(The requirements in [[#7.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 7.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)
−
|}
+
 
−
<div id="SBSINSULATIONMATERIALS"></div>
+
====7.1.6.1. Insulation Selection====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Only extruded polystyrene insulation (XPS) may be specified for a ''protected roof system''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====7.1.6.2. Drainage Mats and Filter Fabric====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | At least one drainage layer is required in a ''protected membrane roof system'', either above or below the XPS insulation, but || 2025-October-25 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | when openings in ''walls'' or roof penetrations provide less than 203.2 mm (8”) of clearance, the filtration layer must be water-permeable and the drainage layer shall be below the XPS insulation, to lower the ''drainage plane'' and minimize leaks into the building, and || 2025-October-25 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | a drainage layer shall be specified above the XPS insulation when any ''overburden'' superimposed on the ''roof system'' will result in a “vapour-closed” condition (i.e., a ''vegetated roof system'' or an impermeable wearing course) || 2025-October-25 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Subject to the conditions in Sentence (1), a drainage layer below the XPS insulation in a ''vegetated roof assembly'' may be omitted|| 2025-October-25 }} ([https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard#6.1.3.1._General_Requirements_for_Water_Management {{hilite |Sentence 6.1.3.1.(5)|| 2025-October-25 }}]{{hilite |, “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”|| 2025-October-25 }}).
 +
<li>Filter fabric must be specified to cover XPS insulation, to
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>contain the insulation and thereby prevent ‘insulation stacking’ (displacement) when insulation boards become buoyant in water, and
 +
<li>prevent fines from settling at the membrane level and filling the voids between insulation board joints.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
==Section 7.2. Materials==
 +
(See [[Division_C | Division C, "Accepted Materials"]])
 +
 
 +
===7.2.1. Material Properties===
 +
====7.2.1.1. General====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Only insulation boards accepted for use in the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''', and acceptable to the membrane manufacturer, may be used to qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee'''''.
 +
<li>The requirement to use on RoofStar-accepted board insulation extends to insulation used in ''Tested Assemblies'' (See [[#3.2.1.1. Substituting Materials Used in a Tested Assembly | Article 3.2.1.1., "Substituting Materials Used in a Tested Assembly"]]).
 +
<li>All insulation types shall have a minimum compressive strength of 110 KPa (20 psi) when installed without a cover board under mechanically attached membranes.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====7.2.1.2. Material Dimensions====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The maximum width and length of insulation boards
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>installed with adhesive shall be 1219.2 mm (48") (See also [[#7.3.3.1. Adhesive-applied Insulation | Article 7.3.3.1.]]), and
 +
<li>installed with mechanical fasteners is limited only by the ''manufacturer''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Insulation installed directly over a fluted steel deck must be thick enough to span the flutes under live loads, without risk of cracking or breakage.
 +
<li><span class="recommended">{{hilite | While minimal insulation panel thicknesses are permissible for some designs, some materials are by their nature breakable, and therefore the ''Design Authority'' should consider the constructability of the ''roof system'' from a material handling perspective and consider specifying a thicker panel|| 2021-June-30 }}</span>.  
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====7.2.1.3. Drainage Mats====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Drainage mats {{hilite | used in ''protected membrane roof assemblies'', or used where ''overburden'' superimposed on the ''roof assembly'' requires an additional drainage layer, || 2025-October-25 }} shall conform to the requirements in [[#14.2.1.4. Drainage and Water Retention Materials | Article 14.2.1.4.]]
 +
<li>{{hilite | Drainage mats that form part of a ''vegetated roof assembly'' shall conform to the requirements in|| 2025-October-25 }} [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard#6.2.1.2._Drainage_Layers {{hilite |Article 6.2.1.2.|| 2025-October-25 }}]{{hilite | of the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”|| 2025-October-25 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====7.2.1.4. Filter Fabric====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Filter fabrics {{hilite | for ''protected membrane roof assemblies'' || 2025-October-25 }} shall conform to the requirements in [[#14.2.1.6. Filter Fabric | Article 14.2.1.6.]]{{hilite | , but filtration layers that form part of a ''vegetated roof assembly'' shall conform to the requirements in [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard#6.2.1.3._Filtration_Layers Article 6.2.1.3.] of the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs” || 2025-October-25}}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===7.2.2. Suitability of Insulation===
 +
====7.2.2.1. Extruded Polystyrene Insulation====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Extruded polystyrene insulation ("XPS") is ''heat-sensitive'' and
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>shall conform to CAN/CGSB-51.20-M87, "Thermal Insulation, Polystyrene, Boards and Pipe Covering", for Type 4 insulation, and to ASTM C578, "Standard Specification for Rigid, Cellular Polystyrene Thermal Insulation",
 +
<li>may be used in a ''conventionally insulated roof system'', and
 +
<li>is the only insulation that may be specified and installed in a ''protected roof system''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====7.2.2.2. Expanded Polystyrene Insulation====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Expanded polystyrene ("EPS") is ''heat-sensitive'' and
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>shall conform to ASTM C578, "Standard Specification for Rigid, Cellular Polystyrene Thermal Insulation", and
 +
<li>shall be specified and installed only in a ''conventionally insulated roof system'', or as crickets in an ''uninsulated roof system'' (See also [[#7.1.4.3. Tapered Insulation and Crickets | Article 7.1.4.3.]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====7.2.2.3. Polyisocyanurate Insulation====
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-7.2.2.3. | Note A-7.2.2.3.]])
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Polyisocyanurate insulation ("Polyiso") is ''heat-resistant'' and
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>shall conform to CAN/ULC-S704, "Standard for Thermal Insulation, Polyurethane and Polyisocyanurate, Boards, Faced", and to ASTM C-1289, "Standard Specification for Faced Rigid Cellular Polyisocyanurate Thermal Insulation Board",
 +
<li>shall be manufactured with non-organic facers, and
 +
<li>shall be labeled to identify the manufacturer and  the date of manufacture.  
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====7.2.2.4. Mineral Fibre Insulation====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Mineral fibre insulation ("Mineral wool") is ''heat-resistant'' and
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>shall conform to ASTM C726-17, "Standard Specification for Mineral Wool Roof Insulation Board", and
 +
<li>shall be specified and installed only in a ''conventionally insulated roof system''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
==Section 7.3. Application==
 +
===7.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
 +
====7.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====7.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantees====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and shall
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>incorporate crickets at all curbs and sleepers that impede drainage or are wider or longer than 1219.2 mm (48”), and
 +
<li>incorporate an insulation overlay for all insulated ''systems'' (regardless of the insulation type) that must
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>be at least 6.35 mm (1/4”) thick, and
 +
<li>possess a compressive strength of at least 690 kPa (100 psi) (Ref. [[#8.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee | Article 8.1.2.1.]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===7.3.2. All Systems===
 +
====7.3.2.1. Procurement of Insulation====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>All insulation, except insulation that may be specified for re-use (See [[#7.1.3.2. General Requirements | Article 7.1.3.2.]]), must be supplied and installed by the ''Contractor''.</span>
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
==Materials==
+
====7.3.2.2. Alignment, Sizing, and Support====
−
Only insulation boards accepted for use in the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''' may be used to qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee'''''. Specific standards and limitations for commonly used insulation types are listed below. To see the full range of insulation products accepted for the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''', refer to the full listing of accepted [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php/Insulation '''Insulation'''] materials.
 
−
#All insulation types shall have a minimum compressive strength of 110 KPa (20 psi) when installed without a cover board under mechanically attached membranes.
 
−
#'''Polyisocyanurate''':
 
−
##Only polyisocyanurate insulation with non-organic facers (e.g. fibreglass) are acceptable for use in the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program'''''. In addition, manufacturers’ product identification labels are required for all Polyisocyanurate insulation packaging and the date of manufacture must be provided on all product labels.  
 
−
##Polyisocyanurate insulation, which is manufactured to various dimensions and board thicknesses, is suitable only for conventionally insulated roof assemblies and may be manufactured in sloped packages, for individual crickets or for full roof area application.
 
−
#'''Mineral wool''' – <span class="reference">manufactured to various dimensions and board thicknesses, and may be manufactured in sloped packages, for individual crickets or for full roof area application</span>.  Mineral wool insulation is suitable only for conventionally insulated roof assemblies.
 
−
#'''Expanded Polystyrene (EPS)''' – <span class="reference">EPS insulation is manufactured in various board dimensions and may be manufactured in sloped packages, for individual crickets or for full roof area application</span>.  EPS is suitable only for conventionally insulated roof assemblies.
 
−
#'''Extruded Polystyrene (XPS)''' – <span class="reference">XPS insulation is a closed-cell material manufactured in various board dimensions, and is mainly used in a ''Protected Membrane Roof Assembly''</span>.  Only [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Insulating_the_Roof#3.4XPS '''Extruded Polystyrene Insulation'''] (conforming to CAN / CGSB-51.20-M87, Type 4) may be used on ''Protected Membrane Roof Assemblies''.  For more about PMRAs, see [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Protected_and_Modified_Protected_Roof_Systems '''Protected and Modified Protected Roof Systems'''].  See also '''14 THE ROOF as a PLATFORM'''.
 
−
#Material dimensions:
 
−
##The maximum width and length of any adhered insulation panel shall be 1200 mm (4’) (see also '''3.3.2 Adhesive Applied''' and '''7.3.2 (4)''' below).
 
−
##The maximum width and length of insulation boards installed with mechanical fasteners is limited only by the manufacturer.
 
−
##Insulation installed directly over a fluted steel deck must be thick enough to span the flutes under live loads, without risk of cracking or breakage.
 
  
−
==Application==
 
−
===General===
 
−
See also '''3 SECURING the ROOF ASSEMBLY'''.
 
−
===Alignment, Sizing and Support===
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>On steel roof decks, insulation boards must be firmly supported.
+
<li>{{hilite | Insulation boards|| 2021-June-30 }}
−
<li>Insulation boards must be square and make firm, full contact with adjacent panels.  Gaps between boards must be filled with expanding spray foam.
 
−
<li>Insulation board joints must be offset at least 300 mm (12"), both for adjacent layers and for adjacent rows; a minus offset tolerance of 50 mm (2") maximum is permissible {{hilite | (see '''Figure 7.3''') || 2020-February-15 }}.  Insulation offsets are not required for
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>sloped insulation boards that are generally installed soldiered fashion to adjacent rows.
+
<li>{{hilite | must be clean, and dry to the touch || 2025-October-25 }},
−
<li>the first layer of overlay board over heat sensitive insulation, which may be soldiered to facilitate joint taping.</li></ol>
+
<li>{{hilite | must be firmly supported|| 2021-June-30 }},
 +
<li><span class="principles">should be square and should make firm, full contact with adjacent panels,</span>
 +
<li>must be installed with the appropriate grade of expanding spray foam applied to gaps greater than 6.35 mm (1/4”) (this requirement does not apply to extruded polystyrene (XPS) installed in a ''protected roof system''), and
 +
<li>{{hilite | shall not be soldiered and || 2025-October-25 }} must be {{hilite | laterally || 2025-October-25 }} offset at least 304.8 mm (12") {{hilite | in two directions || 2025-October-25 }}, both for adjacent layers and for adjacent row; a minus offset tolerance of 50.8 mm (2") maximum is permissible (See {{hilite | '''Figure 7.3.2.2.-A''' || 2025-October-25}}).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Offsets are not required for
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>sloped insulation boards that are generally installed soldiered fashion to adjacent rows, and
 +
<li>the first layer of overlay board, installed on top of heat-sensitive insulation, which may be soldiered to facilitate joint taping.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<br>
 +
{|
 +
|-
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 7.3.2.2.-A Offset and Staggered Layering in Field''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Clause 7.3.2.2.(1)(4) || 2025-October-25 }}<br><small>(Click to expand illustration)</small>
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:7.3 Insulation Offset and Staggered.jpg|link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/2/28/7.3_Insulation_Offset_and_Staggered.jpg | 500 px]]
 +
|}
 +
<br>
 +
<li>{{hilite | On exterior insulated walls, insulation joints at the roof-wall interface must be offset and staggered to eliminate thermal bridging|| 2022-February-5 }} ({{hilite | See {{hilite | '''Figure 7.3.2.2.-B''' || 2025-October-25 }}|| 2022-February-5 }}).
 
<br>
 
<br>
−
{{hilite | See also '''8.3.1 General'''. || 2020-February-15 }}
 
 
<br>
 
<br>
−
{| class="wikitable"
+
{|
−
|+{{hilite | Figure 7.3 || 2020-February-15 }}
+
|-
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[File:7.3 Insulation Offset and Staggered.jpg| link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/2/28/7.3_Insulation_Offset_and_Staggered.jpg | 450 px]]
+
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 7.3.2.2.-B Offset and Staggered Layering at Wall''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Clause 7.3.2.2.(3) || 2025-October-25 }}<br><small>(Click to expand illustration)</small>
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Figure 7.3.2.-B (Generic conv.).jpg|link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/e/ed/Figure_7.3.2.-B_%28Generic_conv.%29.jpg | 500 px]]
 
|}
 
|}
−
<li>Unless specified otherwise by a ''Tested Assembly'' or in an engineered specification (see '''3.3.3.4.2 Adhesive Applied'''), the following minimum standards apply to adhesive-applied insulation:
+
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====7.3.2.3. Insulation Securement====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Insulation securement shall conform to the specified design for the ''roof assembly'', calculated to resist the ''Specified Wind Loads'' for the ''roof system''.
 +
<li>Mineral fibre insulation shall be installed and secured to comply with the requirements and restrictions in [[#7.1.4.5. Use of Mineral Fibre Insulation | Article 7.1.4.5., "Use of Mineral Fibre Insulation"]].
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====7.3.2.4. Protection of Heat-sensitive Insulation====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Heat-sensitive insulation must be protected from high temperatures, both during construction and when placed in service, and therefore it must be overlaid with heat-resistant insulation no less than 50.8 mm (2") thick || 2023-June-16 }} (see [[#7.1.4.2. Protection of Heat-sensitive Insulation | Article 7.1.4.2.]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===7.3.3. Conventionally Insulated Systems===
 +
(The requirements in [[#7.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 7.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)
 +
 
 +
====7.3.3.1. Adhesive-applied Insulation====
 +
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>The maximum width and length of any adhered insulation panel shall be 1200 mm (4’).
+
<li>Unless specified otherwise by a ''Tested Assembly'' or in an engineered specification (see [[#3.3.2.2. Securing Systems with Adhesives | Article 3.3.2.2, "Securing Systems with Adhesives"]]), when insulation components are installed with adhesive,
−
<li>The maximum length of any insulation overlay panel shall be 2400 mm (8’).
+
<ol>
−
<li>When Extruded polystyrene insulation is adhered with a two-component low-rise polyurethane foam adhesive, the faces of the insulation board must be roughened by planing to achieve optimal adhesion.
+
<li>the maximum width and length of an insulation panel shall be 1219.2 mm (48"), and
 +
<li>the maximum length of any insulation overlay panel shall be 2438.4 mm (96").
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>When extruded polystyrene insulation is adhered with a two-component low-rise polyurethane foam adhesive, the faces of the insulation board must be roughened by planing to achieve optimal adhesion.
 
<li>Two-component low-rise polyurethane foam adhesive ribbons must be applied
 
<li>Two-component low-rise polyurethane foam adhesive ribbons must be applied
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>in a Z-pattern, no more than 150 mm (6”) from any edge of the board, and spaced no more than 300 mm (12”) apart.
+
<li>to a clean, dry, and contaminant-free surface,
−
<li>to a clean, dry and contaminant-free surface.
+
<li>in {{hilite | parallel runs or in|| 2021-June-30 }} a Z-pattern,
−
<li>in ribbon widths specified by the adhesive manufacturer or, in the absence of manufacturer requirements, 19 mm (3/4”) wide.</li></ol>
+
<li>no more than 152.4 mm (6”) from any edge of the board and spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12”) apart, and
−
<li>Roof system components adhered with two-component low-rise polyurethane foam must be
+
<li>in ribbon widths specified by the adhesive manufacturer or, in the absence of manufacturer requirements, 19.05 mm (3/4”) wide.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>''Roof system'' components adhered with two-component low-rise polyurethane foam must be  
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>installed immediately in wet adhesive (before a surface skin develops), and
 +
<li>properly placed and weighted in wet adhesive until cured.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====7.3.3.2. Insulation Adhered with Hot Bitumen====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Hot bitumen used to adhere a ''roof system''|| 2021-June-30 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>must be applied at minimum rates and temperatures based on the type of product, as published by the material manufacturer and in the Standard for Built-up Roof (BUR) Systems, and
 +
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | may be applied on slopes up to 1/2:12</span> (For steeper slopes, select a different method of securement)|| 2021-June-30 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===7.3.4. Reserved===
 +
===7.3.5. Protected Roof Systems===
 +
(The requirements in [[#7.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 7.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)
 +
 
 +
====7.3.5.1. Sequencing of Work====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Insulation installed against walls or curbs must be separated from roof membranes with a non-bonding drainage mat or slip sheet. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | Insulation must be secured and protected immediately after installation. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====7.3.5.2. Drainage Mats====
 +
(See also [[#Part 11 - Drainage | Part 11, "Drainage"]])
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | At least one drainage layer is required in a ''protected membrane roof system'' and its location within the system shall conform to the design requirements in || 2025-October-25 }} [[#7.1.6.2. Drainage Mats and Filter Fabric| {{hilite | Sentence 7.1.6.2.(1) || 2025-October-25 }}]].
 +
<li>A drainage mat must be installed below the XPS insulation.
 +
<li>A second drainage layer may be installed above the insulation but is at the discretion of the ''Design Authority''.
 +
<li>If a second drainage layer is specified, a vertical separation space measuring at least 12.7 mm (1/2″) must be preserved between the drainage layer and any ballast or overburden, to permit airflow and to assist in leveling.
 +
<li>Specialized proprietary drainage products must be acceptable to the membrane manufacturer.
 +
<li>Ballast guards must be installed around all roof drains.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====7.3.5.3. Filter Fabric====
 +
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>installed immediately in wet adhesive (before a surface skin develops).
+
<li>Fabric filter mats must be
−
<li>properly placed and weighted in wet adhesive until cured.</li></ol>
 
−
<li>Hot bitumen used to adhere a roof assembly
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>must be applied at minimum rates and temperatures based on the type of product, as published by the material manufacturer and in the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Standards''''' for Built-up Roof (BUR) Systems.
+
<li>installed loose-laid (un-bonded) over the insulation and below any type of ballast or roof covering,
−
<li>may be applied on slopes up to 1/2:12 (for steeper slopes, select a different method of securement).
+
<li>overlapped at all edges a minimum of 304.8 mm (12”),
 +
<li>at least 2438.4 mm x 2438.4 mm (96" x 96") in size, and
 +
<li>slit to fit over roof penetrations or cut out around roof drains and other openings.
 
</li></ol>
 
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Filter fabric must extend up perimeter edges and ''curbs'' and must be placed loose (unattached) under metal counter flashings or wall finishes.
 +
<li>{{hilite | When the filtration layer is part of a ''vegetated roof assembly'', the filtration layer shall conform to|| 2025-October-5 }} [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard#10.3.2.7._Installation_of_Void_Fill_and_Filtration_Layers {{hilite |Article 10.3.2.7.|| 2025-October-5 }}]{{hilite | of the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”|| 2025-October-5 }}.
 
</li></ol>
 
</li></ol>
 +
 +
 
<hr>
 
<hr>
−
<div id="SBSINSULATIONOVERLAY"></div>
+
<div id=PART_8></div>
 +
 
 +
=Part 8 - Insulation Overlays=
 +
==Section 8.1. Design==
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-8.1 | Note A-8.1]])
 +
 
 +
===8.1.1. General===
 +
====8.1.1.1. Scope====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====8.1.1.2. {{strike| Definitions || 2024-October-23 }}{{hilite | Defined Terms || 2025-October-25 }}====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===8.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
 +
====8.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
=INSULATION OVERLAYS=
+
====8.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====
−
==General==
 
−
#<span class="reference">Insulation overlay boards are installed in most conventionally insulated roof assemblies to</span>
 
−
##<span class="reference">protect heat-sensitive insulation materials from damage by heat and flame</span>.
 
−
##<span class="reference">protect insulation materials from accidental impact</span>.
 
−
##<span class="reference">provide dimensional stability to the roof system</span>.
 
−
##<span class="reference">distribute dead loads from heavy overburdens or equipment installed on top of the finished roof assembly</span>.
 
−
##<span class="reference">ensure the membrane performs as it should</span>.
 
−
##<span class="reference">provide a suitable substrate for membrane application</span>.
 
−
#<span class="reference">Insulation overlay boards may be mechanically attached or adhered, depending upon the insulation type and the design requirements of the roof assembly as a whole.  See more information on</span> [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Insulation_Joints_and_Overlays '''Insulation Joints and Overlays'''] <span class="reference">in ''Essential Elements''</span>.
 
  
−
===Design===
+
<ol>
−
#When heat-sensitive insulations are used in a roof assembly, they must be covered with a heat-resistant insulation at least 50 mm (2”) thick. See also '''7.1.2 Design'''.
+
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and shall
−
#<span class="recommended">When EPS crickets are specified and installed, a minimum overlay of flat board heat-resistant insulation measuring at least 50 mm (2”) thick is strongly recommended</span>.
+
<ol>
−
#A conventionally insulated roof assembly supporting an overburden must be designed with at least one layer of adhered composite insulation overlay
+
<li>incorporate an insulation overlay on all "conventionally insulated systems'', regardless of the insulation type, that must
−
##no less than 12.7 mm (½") thick.
+
<ol>
−
##with a minimum compressive strength of 620 kPa (90 psi).
+
<li>be at least 6.35 mm (1/4”) thick, and
 +
<li>possess a compressive strength of at least 690 kPa (100 psi).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===={{hilite | 8.1.2.3. RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee || 2025-October-25 }}====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee''''', the supporting ''roof assembly'' shall
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''', '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', or a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''',
 +
<li>be acceptable to the manufacturer as support for a ''vegetated roof system'', and
 +
<li>comply with the related requirements in the [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”].
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===8.1.3. Reserved===
 +
===8.1.4. Conventionally Insulated Systems===
 +
====8.1.4.1. {{hilite | Required Use of Insulation Overlays || 2024-October-20 }}====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Except as provided in {{hilite | Sentence (4) || 2025-October-25 }}, all ''conventionally insulated roof systems'' must incorporate one layer of an accepted insulation overlay to cover all flat or tapered insulation panels, installed on any plane, whenever any one of the following conditions apply:
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The compressive strength of the specified insulation is less than 110 KPa (20 psi),
 +
<li>Specified membranes are adhered or heat-welded (see [[#9.2.1.1. Membrane Composition, Thickness, and Selection | {{hilite | '''Table 9.2.1.1.''' || 2025-October-25 }}]]), or
 +
<li>''Overburden'' will be superimposed on the roof system.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>When a ''conventionally insulated roof system'' supports ''overburden'', the overlay panels must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>adhered to the insulation (mechanical fastening is not permissible),
 +
<li>selected from the [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Roofs_-_Insulation_Overlays tables in Division C] for
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>asphaltic panels (with or without factory-laminated base sheet membranes),
 +
<li>moisture resistant gypsum-based panels,
 +
<li>panels made of high-density insulation, or
 +
<li>high-density insulation panels with factory-laminated membranes, and
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>capable of supporting any superimposed loads on the exposed membrane, without compression or distortion of the ''roof system'' or any one of its components (See also [[#14.1.3.2. Loads | Article 14.1.3.2., "Loads"]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Notwithstanding the requirements in Sentence (2), when the ''roof assembly'' supports a ''vegetated roof system'' the overlay must be at least 12.7 mm (1/2”) thick and capably resist compression loads equal to or greater than 552 kPa (80 psi) (“RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”,|| 2025-October-25 }} [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard#1.1.3.1._Permitted_Supporting_Roof_Assemblies {{hilite |Clause 1.1.3.1.(2)(2)|| 2025-October-25 }}]).
 +
<li>Except where an insulation overlay is required in Sentence (2), an insulation overlay is optional (not required) when the membrane is self-adhered and the following conditions have been satisfied:
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The specified membrane is expressly accepted by the '''''Guarantor''''' for application directly on a specific insulation board without the use of an overlay, and
 +
<li>The specified membrane is expressly approved (in published literature) by the ''manufacturer'' for application directly to a specific insulation panel.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Crickets made of ''heat-sensitive insulation'', specified for and installed in a membrane system applied with hot bitumen, shall be covered with no less than
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>one layer of an accepted overlay panel, provided the panel thickness is at least 12.7 mm (1/2") and the joints between panels are sealed with the ''manufacturer’s'' approved self-adhered membrane or tape, or
 +
<li>two layers of an accepted overlay panel, when the thickness of the panel is at least 4.76 mm (3/16").
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
{{strike| <ol>
 +
<li>An insulation overlay of one or more layers is required over {{hilite | all field-installed flat and sloped ||2021-June-30 }} board-type insulation when
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | the compressive strength of the insulation is less than 110 KPa (20 psi)|| 2021-February-7 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | the membrane {{hilite | is self-adhered or|| 2021-June-30 }} will be applied with a torch flame, adhesives, or hot bitumen|| 2021-February-7 }}, or
 +
<li>a ''conventionally insulated system'' supports an ''overburden''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>''Conventionally insulated roof systems'' that support ''overburden'' must be designed with at least one layer of an adhered {{hilite | overlay board (asphaltic overlays, moisture resistant fibreglass-faced silicon treated gypsum core overlays, high-density insulation overlays, composite or membrane-laminated overlays) capable of supporting any superimposed loads on the exposed membrane, without compression or distortion of the roof system or any one of its components (See also [[#14.1.3.2. Loads | Article 14.1.3.2., "Loads"]]|| 2022-June-17}}).
 +
<li>{{hilite | An insulation overlay of one or more layers is required over insulation installed on vertical surfaces|| 2021-June-30 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | The requirement to use an insulation overlay in the field does not apply || 2021-June-18 }} {{hilite |when the roof membrane is self-adhered,|| 2021-June-30 }} and
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | it is expressly accepted by the '''''Guarantor''''' for application directly on a specific insulation board without the use of an overlay|| 2021-June-30 }}, or
 +
<li>{{hilite | it is expressly approved (in published literature) by the ''manufacturer'' for application directly on an insulation panel|| 2021-June-30 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Heat-sensitive'' crickets used in membrane systems applied with a torch flame or hot bitumen must be overlaid using either|| 2021-June-18 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>one layer of a RoofStar-accepted insulation overlay measuring at least 12.7 mm (1/2”) thick and continuously sealed with a flame-impervious tape along all joints with adjacent panels, or
 +
<li>two layers of a RoofStar-accepted insulation overlay, each measuring at least 4.76 mm (3/16”) thick.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol> || 2023-October-20 }}
 +
 
 +
====8.1.4.2. Use Over Mineral Fibre Insulation====
 +
(See also [[#7.1.4.5. Use of Mineral Fibre Insulation | Article 7.1.4.5.]])
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Mineral fibre insulation must be overlaid with a moisture-resistant fibreglass-faced silicon treated gypsum core board measuring at least  12.7 mm (1/2") thick
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>when the insulation is mechanically fastened, or
 +
<li>when it will support ''overburden''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>An insulation overlay is not required when torch-applied membranes are applied directly to the bitumen coating of mineral fibre insulation that has been secured with adhesives.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
==Section 8.2. Materials==
 +
(See [[Division_C | Division C, "Accepted Materials"]])
 +
 
 +
===8.2.1. Material Properties===
 +
====8.2.1.1. Insulation Overlay Dimensions====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Regardless of the type of insulation overlay, the overall thickness of insulation overlay boards shall not exceed 50.8 mm (2”) (See minimum allowable thicknesses are shown in {{hilite | '''Table 8.2.1.1.''' || 2025-October-25 }}).
 +
<li>{{hilite | Asphalt-coated|| 2021-June-30 }} fibreboard roof insulation adhered with hot asphalt or an asphalt-based adhesive must be asphalt-coated on the top and bottom surface (Minimum coated two-sides).
 +
<li>Fire guard tape must be 152.4 mm (6”) wide
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>self-adhering modified bituminous tape acceptable to the membrane manufacturer, or
 +
<li>Type IV fibreglass felt or No. 15 organic felt, applied with hot bitumen or cold adhesive.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 
<br>
 
<br>
−
::See also '''14.1.2.1'''
+
::::::{|
−
 
+
|-
−
==Materials==
+
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Table 8.2.1.1..<br>Insulation Overlay Dimensions''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Article 8.2.1.1. || 2025-October-25 }}
−
See [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php/Insulation_Overlays '''Insulation Overlays'''] accepted for use in '''''RoofStar Guaranteed''''' roof systems.  
+
|-
−
:{| class="wikitable"
+
|}
−
|+ Table 8.1 Insulation Overlay Minimum Thicknesses
+
{| class="wikitable" style="margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto;border-color:#E7E9E9;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;" 
 
|-
 
|-
−
! style="width: 300px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;" | Material
+
! style="width: 450px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;" | Overlay Type
 
! style="width: 220px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;" | Minimum Thickness - mm (in.)
 
! style="width: 220px;vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;" | Minimum Thickness - mm (in.)
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Moisture-resistant gypsum core board ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | 6.4 (1/4")
+
| Moisture resistant fibreglass-faced silicon treated gypsum core ||  style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | 6.35 (1/4")
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Asphaltic core board || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | 4.5 (3/16")
+
| High-density insulation || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | 12.7 (1/2")
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Composite board || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | 6.4 (1/4")
+
| Fibreboard || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | As listed in this ''Manual''
 +
|-
 +
| Mineral wool || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | As listed in this ''Manual''
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
==Section 8.3. Application==
 +
===8.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
 +
====8.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====8.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantees====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' {{hilite | (except as noted in Sentence (2)) || 2025-October-25 }} shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and shall
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>incorporate an insulation overlay on all insulated ''systems'' (regardless of the insulation type) that must
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>be at least 6.36 mm (1/4”) thick, and
 +
<li>possess a compressive strength of at least 690 kPa (100 psi).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | When a ''vegetated roof system'' is constructed on a ''conventionally insulated roof assembly'', the insulation overlay shall conform to the requirements in || 2025-October-25 }} [[#8.1.4.1. Required Use of Insulation Overlays |  {{hilite | Sentence 8.1.4.1.(3)]]|| 2025-October-25 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===8.3.2. Reserved===
 +
===8.3.3. Conventionally Insulated Systems===
 +
====8.3.2.1. Alignment of Overlays====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The ''Contractor'' shall ensure that the selection and application of insulation overlays conforms to the Design requirements in [[#Section 8.1. Design | Section 8.1.]] of this Part.
 +
<li>{{hilite | Fibreboard shall not be used as an insulation overlay beneath torch-applied membranes|| 2021-June-30 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | Insulation overlays || 2021-June-30 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | should be square and should make firm, full contact with adjacent panels unless specified otherwise by the manufacturer|| 2021-June-30 }}, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | must be offset at least 304.8 mm (12") from the joints of the insulation layer; a minus offset tolerance of 50.8 mm (2") maximum is permissible|| 2021-June-30 }}.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>All insulation overlay boards must be offset from insulation joints by at least 304.8 mm (12”) and shall be offset from adjacent and underlying overlay boards by at least 304.8 mm (12”) ({{hilite | '''Figure 8.3.2.1.-A''' || 2025-October-25 }}).
 +
<li>{{hilite | While insulation overlays with a laminated base sheet membrane shall be offset and staggered from the insulation joints, they may be installed soldier-fashioned with each other, {{hilite | but only || 2025-October-25 }} when this is permissible in the application literature published by the ''manufacturer''.|| 2024-June-15 }}
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<br>
 +
:{|
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Fibreboard || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | As listed in this '''Manual'''
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Membrane-laminated overlays || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"   | As listed in this '''Manual'''
+
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 8.3.2.1.-A Offset and Staggered Insulation and Overlays''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Article 8.3.2.1. || 2025-October-25 }}<br><small>(Click to expand illustration)</small>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Mineral wool || style="width: 100px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"  | As listed in this '''Manual'''
+
| [[File:8.1 Insulation and Overlays.jpg|link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/9/9e/8.1_Insulation_and_Overlays.jpg | 500 px]]
 
|}
 
|}
−
#Regardless of the type of insulation overlay, the overall thickness of insulation overlay boards shall not exceed 50 mm (2”).  Minimum allowable thicknesses are shown in '''Table 8.1''' above.
 
−
#Asphalt or paraffin-impregnated coated fibreboard roof insulation adhered with hot asphalt or an asphalt-based adhesive must be asphalt-coated on the top and bottom surface (minimum coated two-sides).
 
−
#Fire guard tape must be 150 mm (6”) wide
 
−
##self-adhering modified bituminous tape acceptable to the membrane manufacturer.
 
−
##Type IV fibreglass felt or No. 15 organic felt, applied with hot bitumen or cold adhesive.
 
  
−
==Application==
+
====8.3.2.2. Mechanical Securement====
−
===General===
+
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>When mechanically attaching insulation overlay boards, the insulation and overlay boards may be fastened together as one ''assembly''.
 +
<li>Unless otherwise indicated by the system requirements in a ''Tested Assembly'', follow the fastener patterns set out in [[#3.3.2.1. Securing Systems with Mechanical Fasteners | Article 3.3.2.1.]]
 +
<li>When a membrane-laminated overlay is mechanically fastened over insulation, fasteners and plates used in the field of each panel must be covered with polyester or composite-reinforced membrane patches that extend past the edge of each plate at least 50.8 mm (2”).
 +
</ol></li>
 +
 
 +
====8.3.2.3. Adhered Securement====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Adhered overlays must conform to the design requirements in [[#Section 8.1. Design | Section 8.1.]] of this Part|| 2022-June-17 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Roof system'' components adhered with two-component low-rise polyurethane foam must be|| 2021-June-30 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | installed immediately in wet adhesive (before a surface skin develops), applied|| 2021-June-30 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | to a clean, dry and contaminant-free surface|| 2021-June-30 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | in parallel runs or in a Z-pattern, no more than 152.4 mm (6”) from any edge of the board and spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12”) apart|| 2021-June-30 }}, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | in ribbon widths specified by the adhesive manufacturer or, in the absence of manufacturer requirements, 19.05 mm (3/4”) wide|| 2021-June-30 }}, and
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>{{hilite | properly placed and weighted in wet adhesive until cured|| 2021-June-30 }}.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Hot bitumen used to adhere a ''roof assembly''|| 2021-June-30 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | must be applied at minimum rates and temperatures published by the ''manufacturer'' for the type of bitumen used|| 2021-June-30 }}, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | may be applied on slopes up to 1/2:12 (for steeper slopes, select a different method of securement)|| 2021-June-30 }}.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
</ol></li>
 +
</ol></li>
 +
 
 +
<hr>
 +
<div id=PART_9></div>
 +
 
 +
=Part 9 - Roof Field (Membrane Systems)=
 +
==Section 9.1. Design==
 +
===9.1.1. General===
 +
====9.1.1.1. Scope====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====9.1.1.2. {{strike| Definitions || 2024-October-23 }}{{hilite | Defined Terms || 2025-October-25 }}====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].  Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part:
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>''Manufacturer'' means the manufacturer of the primary roof covering, unless stated otherwise.
 +
<li>''Parallel to Slope'' means the direction parallel to the angle of a sloped plane.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===9.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
 +
====9.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====9.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and shall
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | be constructed with membranes conforming to the RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee criteria in {{hilite | '''Table 9.2.1.1.''' || 2025-October-25 }} || 2020-October-22 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===={{hilite | 9.1.2.3. RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee || 2025-October-25 }}====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee''''', the supporting ''roof assembly'' shall
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''', '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', or a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''',
 +
<li>be acceptable to the manufacturer as support for a ''vegetated roof system'' (with consideration to added hydrostatic pressure – see [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard#1.1.4.1._Supporting_Roof_Assemblies Article 1.1.4.1.]] in the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”), and
 +
<li>comply with the related requirements in the [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”].
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===9.1.3. All Systems===
 +
====9.1.3.1. General Requirements====
 +
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>An insulation overlay of one or more layers is required over all board-type insulation when
+
<li>Any roof areas with a slope less than 1:16 (3/4" in 12") require 2 ply membrane assemblies.
 +
<li>All SBS-modified bituminous membrane roofs shall be designed to satisfy the requirements of the Code and the requirements in [[#Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly | Part 3]] of this Standard.
 +
<li>The specifications, details, and installation techniques must conform to the membrane manufacturer's requirements.
 +
<li>Membranes must be selected for their
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>composition, both in terms of thickness and reinforcement,
 +
<li>performance characteristics in relation to the intended use of the roof, as for example puncture resistance or reflectivity and reduced heat absorption,
 +
<li>application methodology, which may be limited by the type of ''supporting deck'' or substrate to which it will be applied, and
 +
<li>seasonal applications (summer and winter grades).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite |Single ply modified bituminous membranes require a minimum slope of 1:16 (3/4” in 12”).|| 2020-February-15 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | Membranes may not be adhered to lightweight insulation concrete unless expressly permitted by the ''manufacturer''|| 2025-October-25 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====9.1.3.2. Control Joints (Roof Dividers)====
 +
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>the compressive strength of the insulation is less than 110 KPa (20 psi).
+
<li>{{hilite | When ''control joints'' (roof dividers) are recommended or required by the ''manufacturer'', or are deemed necessary by the ''Design Authority'' || 2023-June-16 }}, {{hilite | they must be designed following the requirements in || 2023-June-16 }} [[#10.1.6.2. Control Joints (Roof Dividers) | Article 10.1.6.2.]]
−
<li>the insulation is heat-sensitive and the membrane will be applied with a torch flame or hot bitumen.</ol></li>
+
</li></ol>
−
<li>When multiple layers of an overlay board are required, the joints between boards must be offset/staggered at least 300 mm (12") from adjacent layers and rows.  {{hilite | See '''Figure 8.1''' || 2020-February-15 }}. See also '''7 INSULATION''' .
+
 
 +
====9.1.3.3. Securement====
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-9.1.3.3. | Note A-9.1.3.3.]])
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The ''roof system'' must be secured to resist displacement by ''Specified Wind Loads'', and therefore the requirements in this Article shall be read together with the requirements in [[#Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly | Part 3]] of this Standard.
 +
<li>When membranes are mechanically fastened, only base membranes designed for in-seam screw-type fasteners may qualify; nail-applied membranes are not permissible.
 +
<li>{{hilite | When the designed slope of the roof exceeds 1:6 (2” in 12”), and either or both membranes are self-adhered, the head-lap of a full or partial membrane run, installed parallel to the slope, must be secured with at least three (3) mechanical fasteners and plates equally spaced across its width.
 +
<li>When the membrane is specified to run perpendicular to the slope, the up-slope seam must be mechanically fastened with screws and plates no more than 609.6 mm (24”) O.C.|| 2020-July-3 }}
 +
<li>''Primary'' roof membranes may not be directly adhered to a wood ''deck''.
 +
<li>When the roof slope exceeds 1:24 (1/2” in 12”), only cap membranes installed by methods other than with hot bitumen may be specified.
 +
<li><span class="principles">Single-ply SBS-modified bituminous membranes may be used only when the roof slope is greater than 1:16 (¾” in 12”), and may be adhered, self-adhered, mechanically fastened, or torch-applied to the substrate for which they are designed and specified.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
<div id="SBSPROTECTION"></div>
 +
 
 +
====9.1.3.4. Membrane Protection====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Installed membranes must be protected from damage caused by
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>any walkway surface,
 +
<li>work performed concurrently or subsequently by other trades (the ''Design Authority'' is strongly urged to direct the work of other trades through specific, explicit directives in the design specifications), and
 +
<li>chemicals or other contaminants that may adversely impact the roof membrane or other ''system'' components, including (without limitation)
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>animal or vegetable grease,
 +
<li>hot pipes (release valves),
 +
<li>petroleum products or bi-products, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | miscellaneous fluids from equipment|| 2020-July-3 }} (See also [[#12.3.2.6. Liquid Membrane Flashing | Article 12.3.2.6.]] for application of reinforced liquid membrane flashing around roof penetrations).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">Membranes should be protected from</span>
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">pool or garden chemicals and fertilizers</span>,
 +
<li><span class="recommended">pet urine</span>,
 +
<li><span class="recommended">bird excrement</span>, and
 +
<li><span class="recommended">refrigerants</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">Where it is desirable for the field membrane to resist the damaging effects of grease, oils or other contaminants, the ''Design Authority'' should consider specifying a Roofstar-accepted, fleece-reinforced <u>2-component</u> catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) liquid membrane</span> (See also [[#9.3.3.5. Liquid Membranes | Article 9.3.3.5.]]).
 +
<li><span class="recommended">{{hilite | Roof membranes that are exposed to sunlight reflected off adjacent glazing and metal cladding or framework (such as window mullions) should be selected for their ability to accommodate elevated temperatures, or should be protected || 2022-October-22 }}</span>
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">{{hilite | with overburden materials, such as pavers or gravel, || 2022-October-22 }}</span> or
 +
<li><span class="recommended">{{hilite | by overhangs that shade reflective wall surfaces and glazing || 2022-October-22 }}</span> (See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-9.1.3.4.| Note A-9.1.3.4.]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====9.1.3.5. Walkways====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>When ''conventionally insulated'' and uninsulated ''systems'' will be accessed at least once per month for maintenance of serviceable equipment, the design must incorporate designated walkways
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>to protect the primary membrane at roof access points, equipment service locations and along travel routes,
 +
<li>that facilitate drainage and drying (<span class="principles">pedestals and other paver supports provide airflow for drying surfaces and assist in leveling; they should not impede the flow of water or air and should uniformly distribute the dead load of pavers and predicted live loads</span>), and
 +
<li>that are properly secured against movement by wind.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | The membrane must be suitably protected from mechanical damage by walkway surfaces. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>Paver walkway surfaces must be suitably supported in keeping with [[#14.1.3.11. Wearing Surfaces | Article 14.1.3.11.]] and [[#14.3.2.5. Wearing Surfaces | Article 14.3.2.5., "Wearing Surfaces"]].
 +
<li>Designated walkways may be specified using a proprietary coating (See also [[Guarantee#3.2.1.2._Limitations_and_Exclusions_of_Guarantee | Division A, Article 3.2.1.2.]]), or may be superimposed on the membrane surface but must be suitably supported in keeping with [[#14.1.3.11. Wearing Surfaces | Article 14.1.3.11.]] and [[#14.3.2.5. Wearing Surfaces | 14.3.2.5., "Wearing Surfaces"]].
 +
<li>Membrane walkways constructed with a third ply are permissible but are not considered part of the ''roof system'' and therefore are not covered by the '''''Guarantee'''''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===9.1.4. Conventionally Insulated Systems===
 +
(The requirements in [[#9.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 9.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)
 +
 
 +
====9.1.4.1. General Requirements====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | All ''conventionally insulated'' ''roof systems'' must conform to the requirements in [[#3.1.4.1. Securement Against Specified Wind Loads | Article 3.1.4.1.]], and to [[#Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly | Part 3]] generally.|| 2020-July-3 }}
 +
<li>Only ''PARS'' and ''AARS'' assemblies are permitted when a ''conventionally insulated roof system'', or a portion of it, is designed to support any type of load; pavers supported by pedestals are an exception (this limitation must be read together with the requirements in [[#Part 14 - The Roof as a Platform | Part 14]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====9.1.4.2. Warning Zones====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">Fall protection warning zones</span> (see <u>WorkSafeBC Regulations</u> and related materials) <span class="recommended">may be designed to utilize</span>
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">primary roof membranes in contrasting colours</span>,
 +
<li><span class="recommended">a "sacrificial" third ply installed over the primary cap membrane</span> (Ref. [[Guarantee#3.2.1.2._Limitations_and_Exclusions_of_Guarantee | Division A, Article 3.2.1.2.]]), or
 +
<li><span class="recommended">{{hilite | a proprietary coating || 2020-July-3 }}</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===9.1.5. Uninsulated Systems===
 +
(The requirements in [[#9.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 9.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)
 +
 
 +
====9.1.5.1. General Requirements====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | All ''uninsulated'' ''roof systems'' must satisfy the requirements of the Building Code and [[#Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly | Part 3]] of this Standard, and shall be (when applicable)|| 2020-July-3 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | a ''Tested Assembly''|| 2020-July-3 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | an ''Assembly with Proven Past Performance''|| 2020-July-3 }}, or
 +
<li>{{hilite | an ''assembly'' with custom-engineered securement|| 2020-July-3 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>When a ''roof system'' installed on a concrete ''deck'' or concrete topping is uninsulated, the base membrane must be vented to mitigate the effects of vapour drive from the concrete.
 +
<li>{{hilite | Membranes may not be fully adhered or torch-applied to a wood ''deck''. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | Membranes specified for application over a wood ''deck'' shall be || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | fully adhered to a mechanically attached, RoofStar-accepted deck overlay board, || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | "vented" (semi-adhered), or || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | mechanically fastened. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====9.1.5.2. Warning Zones====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The requirements and recommendations in [[#9.1.4.2. Warning Zones | Article 9.1.4.2.]] shall be applied and considered for ''uninsulated roof systems''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===9.1.6. Protected Roof Systems===
 +
(The requirements in [[#9.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 9.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)
 +
 
 +
====9.1.6.1. General Requirements====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Only fully adhered membranes may be used in a ''Protected Membrane Roof System''; mechanically attached membranes are not suitable and shall not be used for this application.
 +
<li>Ballasted systems shall conform to the requirements in [[#3.3.5.1. Ballasted Systems | Article 3.3.5.1.]] and [[#9.1.3.3. Securement | Article 9.1.3.3.]]
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
==Section 9.2. Materials==
 +
(See [[Division_C | Division C, "Accepted Materials"]])
 +
 
 +
===9.2.1. Material Properties===
 +
====9.2.1.1. Membrane Composition, Thickness, and Selection====
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-9.2.1.1.| Note A-9.2.1.1.]])
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | All SBS polymer-modified bituminous membranes must be selected from the list of accepted materials published in [[Division_C | Division C]] of this ''Manual'', and must conform to|| 2022-June-17 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>[https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/9/9e/Acceptance_Criteria_RGC_ACWP-MOD.pdf '''RGC ACWP-MOD'''] {{hilite | (RGC ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA for MANUFACTURED POLYMER-MODIFIED, REINFORCED BITUMINOUS SHEET MEMBRANES Used in Roof Waterproofing and Grade-level Waterproofing Systems), which relies on || 2024-June-15 }}{{hilite | CSA-A123.23, "Product specification for polymer-modified bitumen sheet, prefabricated and reinforced"||2022-June-17}}, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | the membrane properties in Table 9.1.||2022-June-17}}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{strike| Both the || 2023-June-15 }} Base and cap membranes in a 2 or 3-Ply SBS {{hilite | polymer-modified || 2025-October-25 }} bituminous membrane ''system'' {{strike| be || 2023-June-15 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>shall each be modified with the same polymer,
 +
<li>{{hilite | shall each satisfy the minimum thickness requirements in {{hilite | '''Table 9.2.1.1.''' || 2025-October-25 }}, and || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | when combined as a membrane ''system'', shall together satisfy the minimum combined thickness requirements published in {{hilite | '''Table 9.2.1.1.''' || 2025-October-25 }} || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Oxidized asphalt membranes will be considered as underlay only and must not be counted as one of two plies.
 +
<li>{{hilite | Notwithstanding the minimum requirements for hot-mopped membranes published in {{hilite | '''Table 9.2.1.1.''' || 2025-October-25 }}, the minimum thickness requirements for both the base sheet and cap sheet (irrespective of membrane reinforcement) may be reduced to 2.0 mm, to meet the intent of the requirements in the Table, but only when both membranes are hot-mopped and the combined membrane system is flood-coated with either hot bitumen or the ''manufacturer’s'' proprietary material, plus gravel || 2024-October-20 }}.
 +
<li>Liquid membranes must be reinforced and accepted for use over a base membrane ply acceptable to the ''manufacturer'' of the liquid membrane.
 +
</li></ol>
 
<br>
 
<br>
−
{| class="wikitable"
+
:{|
−
|+{{hilite | Figure 8.1 || 2020-February-15 }}
+
|-
 +
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:1150px;" | {{hilite | '''Table 9.2.1.1..<br>Properties of SBS Polymer Modified Bituminous Membranes''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Article 9.2.1.1.<br><small>All thicknesses shown are in mm</small>.<br><small>" || 2025-October-25 }}<span style="color:#d33">X</span>"{{hilite |  means not permissible or not available.</small> || 2025-October-25 }}
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
:{|            class="wikitable mw-datatable" style="margin-left: 10pt; margin-right: auto;border-color:#E7E9E9;vertical-align:top;text-align:top;"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
 +
|+                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
 +
!              colspan="2" style="border:none; background-color:#E7E9E9"      |
 +
!              colspan="6" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#A9A9A9;"    |              <span style="color:#f8f9fa">Exposed Roof Systems</span>  !! rowspan="44" style="border:none; background-color:#E7E9E9"            |
 +
!              colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background-color:#A9A9A9;"    |            <span style="color:#f8f9fa">Protected Roof Systems</span>
 +
!              colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#808080;"    |            <span style="color:#f8f9fa">Grade-level<br>Water-<br>proofing</span>
 +
|-
 +
!              colspan="2" style="border:none; background-color:#E7E9E9"      |
 +
!              colspan="5" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#C0C0C0;"    |            <span style="color:#2a4b8d;">Conventionally Insulated / Uninsulated Systems
 +
!              colspan="1" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#C0C0C0;"    |            <span style="color:#4682B4">Membrane<br>Gutters</span>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
 +
!              colspan="2" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#C0C0C0;"      |            <span style="color:#9370DB">PMR<br>Systems</span>
 +
|-
 +
|              colspan="2" style="border:none;background-color:#E7E9E9;"      |
 +
|              rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3D3"    |            Mechanic-<br>ally<br>fastened                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
 +
|              rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3D3"    |            Heat-<br>welded
 +
|              colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#DCDCDC;"                |            Adhered                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
 +
|              rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3D3"    |            Heat-<br>welded;<br>Adhesive-<br>applied;<br>Self-<br>adhered
 +
</span>
 +
|              rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3D3"    |            Heat-<br>welded;<br>Adhered
 +
|              rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3D3"  |                <span style="writing-mode:vertical-rl;"><small>Puncture Resistance</small></span> 
 +
|              rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3D3"  |                Heat-<br>welded;<br>Adhered
 +
|              rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3D3"  |                <span style="writing-mode:vertical-rl;"><small>Puncture Resistance</small></span>
 +
|-
 +
|              colspan="2" style="border:none; background-color:#E7E9E9"      |         
 +
|              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3D3"    |            Self-<br>adhered
 +
|              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3D3"    |            Hot-<br>mopped
 +
|              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3D3"    |            Adhesive-<br>applied                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
 +
|-
 +
! style="text-align:left;background-color:#C0C0C0"      |      Ply, Reinforcement, and Type/Grade  ||  Guarantee Term
 +
!              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              mm                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
 +
!              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              mm                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
 +
!              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              mm                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
 +
!              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              mm                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
 +
!              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              mm                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
 +
!              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              mm
 +
!              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              mm
 +
!              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              (N)
 +
!              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              mm
 +
!              style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              (N)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
 +
|-
 +
|  colspan="14" style="border:none;background-color:#E7E9E9;"  |
 +
|-                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
 +
|            rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;background-color:#F0E68C"        |              '''Minimum Combined 2-ply Thickness''' 
 +
|-
 +
|            rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E9967A"            |    5/10  ||  colspan="6" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    | 6.00                ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    6.00  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span> ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    6.00  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>
 +
|- 
 +
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#FA8072"            |    15  ||  colspan="6" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    | 6.50                ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    6.50  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span> ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"            |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>
 +
|- 
 +
|  colspan="14" style="border:none;background-color:#E7E9E9;"  |
 +
|-                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
 +
|              rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;background-color:#EEE8AA"        |              Base (Fibreglass) - Type A/Grade 3 
 +
|-
 +
|            rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E9967A"            |    5/10  || rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    | 2.30                  ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        2.30        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    2.30          ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        2.20        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        2.20        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |          <span style="color:#d33">X</span>       ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>   ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span> ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>
 +
|- 
 +
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#FA8072"            |    15 ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        2.50        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |      2.50        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    2.50  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    2.50    ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>    ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>
 +
|- 
 +
|              rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;background-color:#EEE8AA"        |              Base (Composite fibreglass) - Type A/Grade 3
 +
|-
 +
|            rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E9967A"            |    5/10  || rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    | 2.30                  ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        2.30        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    2.30          ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        2.20        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        2.20        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |          2.50      ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    2.20   ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    2.20  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>
 +
|- 
 +
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#FA8072"            |    15 || rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    | <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                  ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        2.50        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    2.50          ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        2.50        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        2.50        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |          2.90      ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    2.50   ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>
 +
|- 
 +
|              rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;background-color:#EEE8AA"        |              Base (Polyester) - Type B/Grade 3
 +
|-
 +
|            rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E9967A"            |    5/10  ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  2.50                ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        2.50        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    2.50        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |      2.20        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        2.20        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |          2.50      ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    2.20  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    2.20   ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>
 +
|- 
 +
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#FA8072"            |    15 ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        2.50        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    2.50          ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        2.50        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |      2.50        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |          2.90      ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    2.50   ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>
 +
|-
 +
|              rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;background-color:#EEE8AA"        |            Base (Composite) - Type C/Grade 3
 +
|-
 +
|            rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E9967A"            |    5/10  ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  2.30                  ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        2.30      ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    2.30          ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        2.20        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        2.20        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |          2.50      ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    2.20  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span> ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    2.20   ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>
 +
|- 
 +
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#FA8072"            |    15 ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        2.50        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    2.50          ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        2.50        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |      2.50        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |          2.90      ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    2.50  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span> ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span> ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>
 +
|-
 +
|              rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;background-color:#EEE8AA"        |            Factory Laminated Base (panel)
 +
|-
 +
|            rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E9967A"            |    5/10  ||  colspan="5" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    | 2.20                  ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |          <span style="color:#d33">X</span>      ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    2.20  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>
 +
|- 
 +
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#FA8072"            |    15 ||  colspan="5" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    | 2.20                  ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |          <span style="color:#d33">X</span>      ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    2.20  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>
 +
|-
 +
|  colspan="14" style="border:none;background-color:#E7E9E9;"  |
 +
|-
 +
|              rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;background-color:#FFFACD"        |              Film Cap (Fibreglass) - Type A/Grade 2 or 3
 +
|-
 +
|            rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E9967A"            |    5/10  ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        4.00        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    3.30        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        3.30        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        3.30        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |          <span style="color:#d33">X</span>        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span> ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>   ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>
 +
|- 
 +
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#FA8072"            |    15 ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                  ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        <span style="color:#d33">X</span>      ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>          ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        <span style="color:#d33">X</span>        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |      <span style="color:#d33">X</span>        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |      <span style="color:#d33">X</span>        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |          <span style="color:#d33">X</span>      ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>    ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>
 +
|-
 +
|              rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;background-color:#FFFACD"        |              Film Cap (Polyester) - Type B/Grade 2 or 3
 +
|-
 +
|            rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E9967A"            |    5/10  ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        4.00      ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    3.50          ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        3.50        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        3.50        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |          3.00        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    3.00  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    400  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    3.00  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"            |    400
 +
|- 
 +
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#FA8072"            |    15 ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        4.00        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    4.00          ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |      4.00        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        4.00        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |          4.00          ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    3.00  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    400 ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>
 +
|-
 +
|              rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;background-color:#FFFACD"        |              Film Cap (Composite) - Type C/Grade 2 or 3
 +
|-
 +
|            rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E9967A"            |    5/10  ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        4.00        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    3.30          ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        3.30        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |      3.30        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |          3.00          ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    3.00  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    400 ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    3.00  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"            |    400
 +
|- 
 +
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#FA8072"            |    15 ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        4.00        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    4.00          ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |      4.00        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        4.00        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |          4.00      ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    3.00  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    400 ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span> ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>
 +
|-
 +
|              rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;background-color:#FFF8DC"        |              Granule Cap (Fibreglass) - Type A/Grade 1
 +
|-
 +
|            rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E9967A"            |    5/10  ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        4.00        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    3.30        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |      3.30        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        3.30          ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span> ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>   ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span> ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>   ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>
 +
|- 
 +
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#FA8072"            |    15 ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        <span style="color:#d33">X</span>        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>          ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |      <span style="color:#d33">X</span>        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        <span style="color:#d33">X</span>        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |          <span style="color:#d33">X</span>      ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>      ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>    ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>
 +
|-
 +
|              rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;background-color:#FFF8DC"        |              Granule Cap (Polyester) - Type B/Grade 1
 +
|-
 +
|            rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E9967A"            |    5/10  ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    | <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        4.00      ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |  3.50        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        3.50        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |      3.50        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |      3.50        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    3.00  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    400  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    3.00  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"            |    400
 +
|- 
 +
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#FA8072"            |    15 ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        4.00        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    4.00          ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |      4.00        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        4.00        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |          4.00          ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    3.00  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    400  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>
 +
|-
 +
|              rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;background-color:#FFF8DC"        |              Granule Cap (Composite) - Type C/Grade 1
 +
|-
 +
|            rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E9967A"            |    5/10  ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                 ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        3.30      ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    4.00          ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        3.30        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |      3.30        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |      3.50          ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    3.00    ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    400  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |     3.00  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;width=200px;"            |    400
 +
|- 
 +
|             rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background-color:#FA8072"            |    15 ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"    |  <span style="color:#d33">X</span>                ||      rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        4.00        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    4.00          ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |      4.00        ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |        4.00        ||  rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |          4.00          ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    3.00  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    400  ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span> ||    rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"            |    <span style="color:#d33">X</span>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[File:8.1 Insulation and Overlays.jpg| link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/9/9e/8.1_Insulation_and_Overlays.jpg |500 px]]
 
 
|}
 
|}
−
<li>When mechanically attaching insulation overlay boards, the insulation and overlay boards may be fastened together as one assembly.  Unless otherwise indicated by the system requirements in a Tested Assembly, follow the fastener patterns set out in '''3 SECURING the ROOF ASSEMBLY'''.
+
 
−
<li>{{hilite | When a composite overlay with an integrated base membrane is mechanically fastened over insulation, fasteners and plates used in the field of each panel must be covered with torch-applied polyester or composite-reinforced membrane patches that extend past the edge of each plate at least 50 mm (2”). || 2020-February-15 }}
+
 
−
<li>Insulation in a conventionally insulated roof assembly supporting an Overburden must be overlaid with at least one layer of adhered composite insulation overlay
+
====9.2.1.2. Fasteners and Adhesives====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Fasteners and adhesives shall conform to the material requirements in [[#Section 3.2. Materials | Section 3.2.]]
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====9.2.1.3. Protection Materials====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>When installed membranes require protection, the requirements in [[#14.2.1.2. Membrane Protection | Article 14.2.1.2.]] apply.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===9.2.2. Materials Storage and Handling===
 +
====9.2.2.1. Protection from the Weather====
 +
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>at least 12.7 mm (½") thick.
+
<li>All uninstalled materials must be protected from weather by properly stacking them above ground, or above the roof surface, in or beneath covers that are weather-resistant and secured against displacement by wind (See also [[#4.2.1.1. Use of Accepted Materials | Article 4.2.1.1., "Use of Accepted Materials"]]).
−
<li>with a minimum compressive strength of 620 kPa (90 psi).</li></ol>
+
</ol></li>
  
−
See '''14 The ROOF as a PLATFORM''' for design and construction standards.
+
===9.2.3. Accessories===
−
<li>Fibreboard shall not be used with torch-applied membranes.
+
====9.2.3.1. Accessories Supplied by Membrane Manufacturer====
−
<li>An insulation overlay is not required when the base layer of the primary roof membrane is mechanically attached, provided the insulation is heat-resistant and has a compressive strength of 110 Kpa (20 psi).
+
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>All membrane accessory components must be supplied by and acceptable to the ''manufacturer''.
 
</ol></li>
 
</ol></li>
  
−
===Overlaying Heat-resistant Insulation===
+
==Section 9.3. Application==
−
#An insulation overlay is not required over heat-resistant insulation
+
===9.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
−
##unless the
+
====9.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
−
###compressive strength of the top layer of insulation is less than 110 KPa (20 psi).
+
 
−
###insulation is mineral wool, and is mechanically fastened through the uppermost insulation layer.
+
<ol>
−
##when the top layer in a multi-layered insulation assembly is adhered bitumen-faced mineral wool insulation.
+
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
−
#When an overlay board is required over mineral wool insulation, the overlay board must be a moisture resistant gypsum core board measuring at least 12.7 mm (1/2") thick. See also '''7.2''' concerning ''Mineral Wool Insulation''.
+
</li></ol>
−
#A single layer of insulation overlay is acceptable when an overlay is specified for heat resistant insulation.
+
 
 +
====9.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and shall
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>utilize only those membranes listed in {{hilite | '''Table 9.2.1.1.''' || 2025-October-25 }} that qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee'''''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===9.3.2. All Systems===
 +
====9.3.2.1. Preparation of Substrate====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>All supporting decks must be acceptable to the ''manufacturer'' and must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>made suitable for roofing by others (trades other than the ''Contractor''),
 +
<li>dimensionally stable,
 +
<li>structurally sound,
 +
<li>capable of accommodating ''roof system'' component movement,
 +
<li>clean,
 +
<li>adequately dry and frost-free {{hilite | (Ref. || 2023-October-28 }} [[SBS_Roof_Systems_Standard#2.1.5._Roof_Decks | {{hilite | Subsection 2.1.5., "Roof Decks" || 2023-October-28 }}]]),
 +
<li>reasonably smooth and free of abrupt elevation changes, and
 +
<li>absolutely free of
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>dust,
 +
<li>dirt,
 +
<li>voids,
 +
<li>open cracks,
 +
<li>sharp projections,
 +
<li>contaminants,
 +
<li>objectionable surface treatments,
 +
<li>laitance (concrete must be “native”),
 +
<li>oil, and
 +
<li>grease.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | A properly secured, accepted overlay board is required || 2023-June-16 }} (Ref. [[#Part 5 - Deck and Wall Overlays | Part 5]])
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | for any ''deck'' that does not meet the deck fastening criteria set out in || 2023-June-16 }} [[#2.1.5.3. All Wood Roof Decks | Article 2.1.5.3.]],
 +
<li>{{hilite | for any ''deck'' that cannot be repaired or otherwise made suitable for roofing, || 2023-June-16 }} and
 +
<li>{{hilite | for mass timber decks (plywood overlay shall conform to the requirements in || 2023-June-16 }} [[#5.2.1.1. Suitability of Overlays| Article 5.2.1.1.]]
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Substrates must be primed, if required by the ''manufacturer''. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | All plane transitions must be prepared or reinforced in the manner specified by the ''manufacturer''. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>All concrete decks
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>must cure at least 28 days before receiving adhered membranes, but this limitation may be reduced if both the building envelope engineer and the ''manufacturer'' expressly permit membrane application within the first 28 days after pouring, and their respective signed letters of permission are furnished to the '''''Guarantor''''' forthwith, to be included with the ''project'' record ("adhered", as used in this requirement, means fully or intermittently bonding any membrane to the deck with an adhesive, hot asphalt (bitumen), or heat),
 +
<li>must be finished by others to render a surface profile range suitable to the membrane manufacturer, to facilitate a ‘mechanical bond’ between the substrate and the membrane, and
 +
<li>constructed with pre-cast panels must be made continuous and even; all side and end-joints must be filled and reinforced according to the ''manufacturer’s'' published requirements.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Plywood decks with cracks or loose knots must be filled or overlaid with plywood (see [[#5.2.1.1. Suitability of Overlays| Article 5.2.1.1.]]).
 +
<li>{{hilite | Joints between plywood deck panels must be prepared and reinforced according to the manufacturer’s published requirements. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>Wood decks must be overlaid with an acceptable deck overlay panel when the specified membrane system will be adhered directly to the deck (Ref. [[#Part 5 - Deck and Wall Overlays | Part 5]]), but an overlay is not required (unless specified by the ''Design Authority'') for
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>self-adhered air or vapour controls, or
 +
<li>mechanically fastened or loose-laid membranes.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>If surface drying is required prior to roofing, the ''deck'' must be dried with blown air.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====9.3.2.2. Preparation of Roofing Materials====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Membranes must be unrolled, prepared, and conditioned for installation, as required by the ''manufacturer''. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====9.3.2.3. General Requirements for Membrane Application====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Membranes must be installed according to the ''manufacturer's'' published instructions, details, and installation techniques unless exceeded by this Standard.
 +
<li><span class="principles">Membranes should be installed beginning at the lowest point of the roof</span>.
 +
<li>All membrane openings at eaves, walls, vents, etc. must be sealed during application to prevent moisture from entering the ''roof system'' or between membrane flashing plies.
 +
<li>At the end of a day, or when installation must be stopped because of circumstance (such as inclement weather), the new ''roof system'' membrane must be temporarily and continuously sealed to ensure the building and any new ''roof system'' components are protected from exposure to, and damage by, the weather.
 +
<li>Except for the application of picture-framing techniques (see [[#10.3.8. Alternative Approaches to Sheet Membrane Flashing | Sub-section 10.3.8., "Alternative Approaches to Sheet Membrane Flashing"]]), both the base and cap membranes must be installed in a parallel direction (not perpendicular to each other).
 +
<li>Both the base and cap membranes of a 2-ply un-granulated (smooth) membrane ''system'' must be installed separately; installation "shingle fashion" (i.e., 50% lap) is not acceptable except where membrane "back nailing" is required. 
 +
<li>{{hilite | Before any roof covering, structure or equipment is installed, roof membranes must be || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | inspected, || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | scanned for breaches, when an integrity scan is required by this Standard, || 2023-June-16 }} and
 +
<li>{{hilite | free of deficiencies. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>At the end of a day, or when installation must be stopped because of circumstance (such as inclement weather), the new ''roof system'' membrane must be temporarily and continuously sealed to ensure the building and any new ''roof system'' components are protected from exposure to, and damage by, the weather.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====9.3.2.4. Cold and Inclement Weather Application====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Installation during cold weather must follow the membrane manufacturer’s guidelines for storage and membrane conditioning.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====9.3.2.5. Securement on Slopes====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Self-adhered membranes installed on slopes exceeding 1:6 (2” in 12”) must conform to [[#9.3.3.1. Self-adhered and Cold-processed Membranes | Article 9.3.3.1.]]
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====9.3.2.6. Membrane Seams====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite |When the membrane is specified to run parallel to a slope, the up-slope seam must be mechanically fastened with screws and plates no more than 609.6 mm (24”) O.C.|| 2020-July-3 }}
 +
<li>All membranes must
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>overlap adjacent membranes (side laps) at least 76.2 mm (3”),
 +
<li>overlap the end of the next membrane run at least 152.4 mm (6") (angle-cut the selvedge corner of the underlying membrane as required by the ''manufacturer''), and
 +
<li>offset adjacent membrane end laps by at least 304.8 mm (12”).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite |Membranes shall be installed so that cap membrane end laps are located at least 914.4 mm (36”) from the centre of any roof field drain, except where drain sumps are employed. || 2020-February-15 }}
 +
<li>When membranes are mechanically fastened, side laps must be at least 101.6 mm (4”) and cover the fastener plate by at least 50.8 mm (2”).
 +
<li>Seams must be ''fully bonded'', both along the sides and at the ends of membrane runs.
 +
<li>All base membrane field seams, regardless of the type of application, must be “buttered” before the end of the working day.
 +
<li>All cap membranes must exhibit continuous visible bitumen bleed-out along seam edges.
 +
<li>Cap membrane runs must be offset from the base field membrane seams, according to the membrane manufacturer's published instructions, and centred over drains.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====9.3.2.7. Protection of Membranes====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The ''Contractor'', and other trades who use primers for self-adhering membranes typically installed on ''walls'' or around doors, window, or other ''wall penetrations, must protect membranes
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>from splashed or dripped primer used to enhance adhesion of self-adhering membranes, as the primer may damage the membranes and cause leaks, and
 +
<li>from accidental damage, including damage by staged materials, scaffolding, foot and equipment traffic, and anything else that may pose a hazard to the integrity of the membrane.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====9.3.2.8. Transitions with Water-shedding Systems====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite |Where slopes less than 1:16 (3/4" in 12") intersect  a ''water-shedding system'', the ''waterproofing system'' must be designed to extend up the ''water-shedding system'' slope as described in [[#10.3.7.2. Intersections with Water-Shedding Roofs | Article 10.3.7.2.]], using methods conforming to the general application requirements in [[#10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls | Article 10.3.2.3.]] || 2020-July-3 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====9.3.2.9. Walkways====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Any walkway pads or supports capable of absorbing solar radiation must be installed on a non-bonding slip sheet, to protect the membrane from damage by heat. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>When pavers are used as the walkway material, they must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>spaced no closer than 3.18 mm (1/8″),
 +
<li>supported by non-abrasive pads or proprietary pedestals providing a minimum of 12.7 mm (1/2″) of vertical separation to permit adequate airflow and leveling {{hilite | (Slip sheets under pedestals may be necessary to prevent membrane abrasion) || 2020-July-3 }}, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | secured against displacement by wind. || 2020-February-15 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>When an additional membrane ply serving as a ‘sacrificial’ walking surface is installed over the completed multi-ply membrane, the 'sacrificial' ply is not considered part of the ''roof system'' and therefore is excluded from coverage under the '''''RoofStar Guarantee'''''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===9.3.3. Membrane Application Methods===
 +
(The requirements in [[#9.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 9.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)
 +
 
 +
====9.3.3.1. Self-adhered and Cold-processed Membranes====
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-9.3.3.1. | Note A-9.3.3.1.]])
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">{{hilite | The installation of self-adhering membranes across the slope of the roof is not recommended|| 2020-July-3 }}.</span>
 +
<li>When both the base and cap membranes are self-adhered, the cap membrane must be installed on a clean, dry base and both must be completed together on the same workday, according to the manufacturer’s published instructions; phased installation of membranes is not permissible.
 +
<li>{{hilite | When either or both membranes are self-adhered and the designed slope of the roof|| 2020-July-3 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | exceeds 1:6 (2” in 12”) but is no greater than 1:3 (4” in 12”), membrane laps must conform to the general requirements published elsewhere in this Part, but the head-lap of a full or partial membrane run, installed parallel to the slope, must be secured with at least three (3) screw fasteners and plates equally spaced across its width|| 2020-July-3 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | exceeds 1:3 (4” in 12”), membrane laps must conform to the general requirements published elsewhere in this Part, but
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>the head-lap of a full or partial membrane run, installed parallel to the slope, must be secured with at least three (3) screw fasteners and plates equally spaced across its width, and
 +
<li>the side laps must be mechanically fastened with screws and plates spaced no more than 609.6 mm (24”) O.C.|| 2020-July-3 }}</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>To ensure even, full contact with the substrate, all self-adhered and cold adhesive-applied field membranes must be fully rolled with a roller weighing at least 34.2 Kg (75 lbs).
 +
<li>{{hilite | When self-adhesive membranes are|| 2022-June-17 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | installed at ambient air temperatures below 10° C, the granules must be embedded prior to air-welding the end laps of the cap membrane|| 2022-June-17 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | installed at ambient air temperatures above 10° C, embedment of granules, as described above, is optional before the end laps of the cap membrane are air-welded|| 2022-June-17 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | applied to a base membrane coated on the top face with a polyethylene film, the film must be defeated (burned away) before the cap membrane may be installed|| 2022-June-17 }}, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | welded at the seams with a hot-air welder, the seams must be fully welded to ensure a uniform bond between plies|| 2022-June-17 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====9.3.3.2. Mechanically Attached Membranes====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Whenever possible, mechanically fastened membranes must be oriented perpendicular to steel ''deck'' flutes, to distribute fasteners across the ''deck''.
 +
<li>Membranes must be secured with fasteners and stress plates that are
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>specifically designed for the application of the specified and installed membrane, or
 +
<li>listed in the ''Tested Assembly'' report as an acceptable alternative (substitutions, without the written consent of the primary membrane manufacturer, are not permitted and may void the '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''').
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Unless otherwise listed in the assembly components of a ''Tested Assembly'', membranes shall be fastened with self-drilling purpose-made #14 screws having a deep-recessed head.
 +
<li>Single-ply modified bituminous membranes
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>must comply with the requirements listed in Table 9.1 (Ref. [[#9.2.1.1. Membrane Composition, Thickness, and Selection | Article 9.2.1.1.]]), and
 +
<li>require a minimum slope 1:16 (3/4" in 12").
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====9.3.3.3. Hot Asphalt-adhered Membranes====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>All concrete decks to receive adhered membranes shall be primed {{hilite | with the ''manufacturer’s'' asphaltic primer|| 2020-July-3 }}.
 +
<li>Membranes must be installed with Type 3 or 4 oxidized asphalt or Type 3 or 4 SEBS modified asphalt.
 +
<li>Hot asphalt
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>must be at least 205°C (400°F) in order to fuse with the membrane,
 +
<li>must be applied at the rates published by the asphalt manufacturer for the particular substrate, and
 +
<li><span class="principles">should be mopped no more than 1 m (3') ahead of the roll</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====9.3.3.4. Torch-applied Membranes====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Torch-applied membranes must be applied to a suitable substrate (primed if required by the ''manufacturer''), {{hilite | but may not be directly torch-applied to an unprotected combustible material, which is strictly prohibited|| 2020-July-3 }}.
 +
<li>All torch-applied membranes must be fully and evenly bonded to their substrate.
 +
<li>As the roll is installed, the ''Contractor'' must
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>sufficiently pre-heat the side lap of the preceding roll,
 +
<li>burn off any film used to protect the uninstalled membrane surface, and
 +
<li>ensure sufficient heat melts the bottom layer of bitumen across the full width of the roll, to adequately bond the membrane to the substrate (<span class="reference">A small "wave" or "bead" of melted asphalt in front of the roll usually indicates sufficient heat</span>).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>The applicator must not over-torch or over-heat membranes, as high temperatures can distort the polyester fabric used as reinforcement in many thermofusible torch-applied membranes.
 +
<li>Installed base membranes must be protected from dirt, debris, and damage; any damage sustained by the installed base membrane must be adequately repaired by the ''Contractor'' following the procedures recommended by the  ''manufacturer''.
 +
<li>Membrane end lap corners must be cut on a bias (clipped or trimmed on an angle) prior to forming end laps.
 +
<li><span class="recommended">Cap membranes should be installed as soon as possible after base membrane installation</span>.
 +
<li>Granules must be embedded in the cap membrane prior to forming end laps.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====9.3.3.5. Liquid Membranes {{hilite | (Field Application) || 2025-October-25 }}====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Liquid membrane systems are permissible as a second layer in a multi-ply SBS-modified bituminous membrane system, provided they are || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>listed in [[Division_C | Division C]],
 +
<li>expressly permitted for use on the ''drainage plane'' ({{hilite |fleece-reinforced, <u>2-component</u> catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) {{hilite | or polyurethane methyl methacrylate (PUMA) || 2025-October-25 }} liquid membrane|| 2021-February-7 }}, unless otherwise permitted),
 +
<li>compatible with the base membrane, and
 +
<li>installed to conform to the conditions and limitations stated at the time of acceptance (refer to the specific product page in [[Division_C | Division C]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>The base membrane to which the liquid membrane will be applied must be properly prepared, clean, dry, free of contaminants, and suitable to the liquid membrane manufacturer.
 +
<li>Preparation must follow the procedures published by the liquid membrane manufacturer.
 +
<li>Unless the liquid membrane system covers the entire field area, all areas to which liquid membrane system will be applied must be masked, to ensure
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>adequate coverage on all surfaces, and
 +
<li>clean, straight, plumb edges.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Application rates and guidelines issued by the manufacturer of the liquid membrane system must be followed, unless superseded by these requirements.
 +
<li>For all applications,
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>a base coat of catalyzed liquid membrane resin must be applied within the area masked for coverage,
 +
<li>the base coat must be reinforced with the manufacturer’s fleece, cut to size so that the fleece is set in from the masked area no more than 3.18 mm (1/8”),
 +
<li>the fleece must be fully saturated with the catalyzed liquid membrane, following the published instructions from the manufacturer,
 +
<li>the fleece and the entire masked area must be coated with a second application of catalyzed liquid membrane resin, and
 +
<li>the second coat must be covered with a third (wearing) coat, as specified by the manufacturer.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>When a granule surface or textured finish is specified, the granules or texturing material must be broadcast into a third coat.
 +
<li>When applied to the roof field around a penetration, fleece-reinforced liquid membrane must be extended up the adjacent vertical surfaces by at least 203.2 mm (8”) (Refer to [[#Part 12 - Penetrations and Curbs | Part 12]] for specific penetration flashing requirements).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====9.3.3.6. Membranes Laminated to Insulation Overlays====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Mechanical fasteners and plates used to secure membrane-laminated insulation overlays must be covered with a membrane patch || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | cut from membrane matching the characteristics and properties of the laminated membrane, and || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | large enough to extend past the edge of the plate, in all directions, at least 50.8 mm (2"). || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | All membrane patches must be rolled to eliminate bubbles and fish-mouths and must be "buttered" at the edges. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===9.3.4. Conventionally Insulated Systems===
 +
(The requirements in [[#9.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 9.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)
 +
 
 +
====9.3.4.1. Membrane Application Methods====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>SBS-modified bitumen membranes installed as part of a conventionally insulated ''roof systems'' shall be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>self-adhered and cold adhesive-applied ([[#9.3.3.1. Self-adhered and Cold-processed Membranes | Article 9.3.3.1.]]),
 +
<li>mechanically attached ([[#9.3.3.2. Mechanically Attached Membranes | Article 9.3.3.2.]]),
 +
<li>hot bitumen-adhered ([[#9.3.3.3. Hot Asphalt-adhered Membranes | Article 9.3.3.3.]]), or
 +
<li>torch-applied ([[#9.3.3.4. Torch-applied Membranes | Article 9.3.3.4.]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Membrane securement shall conform to the design requirements for resistance of ''Specified Wind Loads''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====9.3.4.2. Warning Zones====
 +
(See also [[#9.1.4.2. Warning Zones | Article 9.1.4.2.]])
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>All warning zone membranes must be oriented parallel to the primary field runs.
 +
<li>When warning zone membranes are specified to be part of the primary roof membrane, end laps must be staggered with the field membrane runs by locating them under the contrasting membrane, to create a clean edge.
 +
<li>{{hilite | When a sacrificial third ply, installed over the primary cap membrane, is specified for a warning zone on the roof, the primary cap membrane must be prepared according to the ''manufacturer's'' published requirements, and the sacrificial warning zone membranes applied according to the ''manufacturer's'' published installation requirements. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>part of the primary roof membrane, end laps must be staggered with the field membrane runs by locating them under the contrasting membrane, to create a clean edge.</span>
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
===Overlaying Heat-sensitive Insulation===
+
===9.3.5. Uninsulated Systems===
−
#When the roof membrane is applied with heat or hot bitumen, heat-sensitive insulation in the primary thermal assembly must be overlaid with a layer of heat-resistant insulation at least 50 mm (2”) thick. See '''7.1.2.5''' and '''8.3.2''' above.
+
(The requirements in [[#9.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 9.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)
−
#<span class="recommended">When EPS crickets are specified and installed, a minimum overlay of flat board heat-resistant insulation measuring at least 50 mm (2”) thick is strongly recommended</span>.  See also '''7.1.2.9'''.
 
−
<hr>
 
−
<div id="SBSMEMBRANES"></div>
 
−
=FIELD MEMBRANES=
 
−
See more information on [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Low-slope_Membranes '''Low-slope Membranes'''] in ''Essential Elements''.
 
−
==General==
 
−
<span class="reference">SBS-modified bituminous membranes are normally designed for application only on low-slope structural roof decks and come in a variety of thicknesses and surface finishes, may be reinforced with different materials (each reinforcement material exhibiting particular properties and offering different benefits), and may each be applied in one or more ways</span>. 
 
  
−
<span class="reference">Most SBS-modified bituminous membranes are designed as two separate plies – a base and cap membrane – which are bonded together as a 2-ply assembly. A third ply is occasionally part of the manufacturer's specified assembly, and may be required or simply prudent for additional waterproofing protection in certain circumstances</span>.
+
====9.3.5.1. Membrane Application Methods====
  
−
<span class="reference">Common applications include</span>:
+
<ol>
−
#<span class="reference">'''Mechanically fastened''' (where the base membrane is affixed to the roof deck with self-drilling screws and load-distributing plates; the cap membrane is then torch-applied to the base)</span>.
+
<li>{{hilite | SBS-modified bitumen membranes installed as part of an uninsulated ''roof system'' shall be || 2023-June-16 }}
−
#<span class="reference">'''Torch-applied''' (where torch heat brought to bear on the both the base and cap membranes liquefies the modified bitumen in the membrane so that it bonds with the substrate below)</span>.
+
<ol>
−
#<span class="reference">'''Adhered'''</span>:
+
<li>{{hilite | self-adhered and cold adhesive-applied || 2023-June-16 }} ([[#9.3.3.1. Self-adhered and Cold-processed Membranes | Article 9.3.3.1.]]),
−
##<span class="reference">'''Self-adhering''' (using a proprietary adhesive film bonded to the modified bitumen, SA membranes are often adhered with the help of a primer; occasionally, the base membrane is self-adhering, and the cap membrane is then torch-applied to the base)</span>.
+
<li>{{hilite | mechanically attached || 2023-June-16 }} ([[#9.3.3.2. Mechanically Attached Membranes | Article 9.3.3.2.]]),
−
##<span class="reference">'''Cold-adhered''' (using bitumen-based or synthetic adhesives, this may sometimes be referred to as 'cold-applied’)</span>.
+
<li>{{hilite | hot asphalt-adhered || 2023-June-16 }} ([[#9.3.3.3. Hot Asphalt-adhered Membranes | Article 9.3.3.3.]]), or
−
##<span class="reference">'''Hot bitumen adhered''' (sometimes referred to as 'hot-mopped', 'hot-applied' or simply 'mopped', this application method applies to both the base and cap membranes, or may apply only to the base membrane; the cap, then, is torch-applied to the base membrane)</span>.
+
<li>{{hilite | torch-applied || 2023-June-16 }} ([[#9.3.3.4. Torch-applied Membranes | Article 9.3.3.4.]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Membrane securement shall conform to the design requirements for resistance of ''Specified Wind Loads''.
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
===Design===
+
====9.3.5.2. Membranes Installed on Concrete====
−
#All membrane systems shall conform to the ''CSA A123.21 Standard test method for the dynamic wind uplift resistance of membrane roofing systems'' (latest edition), unless otherwise permitted in these '''''Guarantee Standards'''''. See also '''3 SECURING the ROOF ASSEMBLY'''.
 
−
#The specifications, details, and installation techniques must conform to the membrane manufacturer's requirements.
 
−
#Select a membrane for its
 
−
##composition, both in terms of thickness and reinforcement.
 
−
##performance characteristics in relation to the intended use of the roof, as for example puncture resistance or reflectivity and reduced heat absorption.
 
−
##application methodology, which may be limited by the type of supporting deck or substrate to which it will be applied.
 
−
##seasonal applications (summer and winter grades).
 
−
#A nailed base membrane, to which a cap membrane is torch-applied, does not qualify as part of a 2-ply membrane. Only base membranes designed for in-seam screw-type fasteners, and covered with a fully torch-applied cap membrane, may qualify.
 
−
#''Primary'' roof membranes may not be directly adhered to a wood deck.
 
−
#When a roof system installed on a concrete deck or topping is uninsulated, the base membrane must be vented in order to mitigate the effects of vapour drive from the concrete.
 
−
#When the roof slope exceeds 1:24 (1/2” in 12”), only cap membranes installed by methods other than with hot bitumen may be specified.
 
−
#Any roof areas less than 1:16 (¾" in 12") require 2 ply membrane assemblies.  <span class="principles">Single-ply SBS-modified bituminous membranes may be used only when the roof slope is greater than 1:16 (¾” in 12”), and may be adhered, self-adhered, mechanically fastened, or torch-applied to the substrate for which they are designed and specified.  See the ''Application'' section below for specific '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' requirements for single-ply SBS-modified membranes</span>.
 
−
#At roof slope transitions locations where slopes of less than 1:16 (¾" in 12") meet steeper slopes, a 2-ply membrane assembly must be designed to extend 900 mm (36") beyond the lower sloped roof transition point.
 
−
#Installed membranes must be protected from damage caused by work performed concurrently or subsequently by other trades.  The ''Design Authority'' is strongly urged to direct the work of other trades through specific, explicit directives in the design specifications.<div id="SBSPROTECTION"></div>
 
−
#Membranes must be protected from chemicals or other contaminants that may adversely impact the roof membrane or other system components (for example, specifying a grease guard or a reinforced 2-part liquid membrane coating). Consult the membrane manufacturer for their advice and recommendations.  Contaminants may include, without limitation,
 
−
##animal or vegetable grease.
 
−
##hot pipes (release valves).
 
−
##petroleum products or bi-products.
 
−
##miscellaneous fluids from equipment, detrimental to the membrane.<br/><br/>
 
−
#:See also '''9.2.1''' (Materials) and '''9.3.6''' (Application).  Also refer to '''11.3.3.3''' for application of reinforced liquid membrane flashing around roof penetrations.
 
−
#<span class="recommended">Membranes should be protected from the following contaminants</span>:
 
−
##<span class="recommended">pool or garden chemicals and fertilizers</span>.
 
−
##<span class="recommended">pet urine</span>.
 
−
##<span class="recommended">bird excrement</span>.
 
−
##<span class="recommended">refrigerants</span>.
 
−
#<span class="recommended">When a conventionally insulated roof will be accessed regularly for maintenance of equipment, the design should incorporate designated walkways to protect the primary membrane</span>.<div id="SBSDRAINAGE"></div>
 
−
#Where walkways are employed, they must be designed to facilitate drainage of water. <span class="reference">Pedestals and other paver supports provide airflow for drying surfaces and assist in leveling</span>. {{hilite | While pavers must be designed for securement against movement by wind, || 2020-February-15 }}<span class="principles"> they should not impede the flow of water or air, and should uniformly distribute the dead load of pavers and predicted live loads</span>.  The ''Design Authority'' may specify
 
−
##accepted concrete-topped XPS insulation panels.
 
−
##pavers placed on  
 
−
###purpose-made pedestals and rubber pads.
 
−
###drainage mats.
 
−
###XPS insulation panels with drainage grooves or channels.
 
−
##proprietary walkway membranes installed in segments.
 
−
##coatings or Accepted 2-part liquid membranes applied over the field membrane (see '''9.3.6''').
 
−
#Only '''PARS''' and '''AARS''' assemblies are permitted when a conventional roof, or a portion of it, is designed to support any type of load; pavers supported by pedestals are an exception.  This is subject to the limitations and standards in '''14.1.2 Design'''.
 
−
#Only fully adhered membranes may be used in a ''Protected Membrane Roof Assembly''; mechanically attached membranes are not suitable and shall not be used for this application.
 
−
#<span class="recommended">Fall protection warning zones</span> (see <u>WorkSafeBC Regulations</u> and related materials) <span class="recommended">may be designed using</span>
 
−
##<span class="recommended">primary roof membranes in contrasting colours</span>.
 
−
##<span class="recommended">a "sacrificial" third ply installed over the primary cap membrane</span>.
 
−
##<span class="recommended">a coating applied to the primary cap membrane, to demarcate the safety boundary</span>.
 
−
#A sacrificial third ply is not part of the roof system and therefore is specifically excluded from coverage under a '''''RoofStar Guarantee'''''.  See also '''1.6 RoofStar Guarantee: Coverage and Limitations'''.
 
  
−
==Materials==
 
−
See Accepted [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php/Flexible_Membrane_Roofing_Systems:_SBS '''SBS-Modified Bituminous Membranes'''] for '''''RoofStar Guaranteed''''' roof systems. See also '''3 SECURING the ROOF ASSEMBLY''' for special requirements concerning ''Membrane Roof Systems''.
 
−
<div id="SBSBASE"></div>
 
−
===Composition, Thickness and Selection===
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>Both the base and cap membranes in 2 or 3-Ply SBS-modified bituminous membrane assembly must be modified with the same polymer. For example, if the cap membrane is modified with SBS, then the base membrane must be SBS-modified also. Oxidized asphalt membranes will be considered as underlay only and must not be counted as one of two plies.</li>
+
<li>Concrete decks shall be prepared as required in [[#9.3.2.1. Preparation of Substrate | Article 9.3.2.1.]], the application of the primary membrane shall conform to the general requirements in Article 9.3.2.3. and the base membrane shall be vented (semi-adhered), to mitigate the effects of vapour drive from the concrete.
−
<li>Membranes must be selected from the Accepted Materials, and each membrane must conform the minimum requirements outlined in the table below:<br>
+
</li></ol>
−
{|            class="wikitable" style="margin-left: 10pt; margin-right: auto;border-color:#E7E9E9;vertical-align:top;text-align:top;"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
 
−
|+          Table 9.1 SBS-modified Bituminous Membranes: Type, Reinforcement, Thickness and Accepted Applications<br><small>All thicknesses shown are in mm; Puncture Resistance measured in Newtons (N)</small>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
 
−
!              colspan="1" style="border:none; background-color:#E7E9E9"      |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
 
−
!              colspan="4" rowspan="1"; style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"    |              2-Ply Roof Field & Membrane Flashing<br> !! rowspan="11" style="border: none; background-color:#E7E9E9"            |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
 
−
!              colspan="2" rowspan="2";style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"    |              SBS Cap Membranes (field):<br><span style="color:#2E8B57">Vegetated<br>Assemblies</span> !! rowspan="11" style="border: none; background-color:#E7E9E9"                |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
 
−
!              colspan="2" rowspan="2";style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"    |              Single-Ply SBS<br>Cap Membranes:<br><span style="color:#4B0082">Slopes<br> >3/4:12</span> !! rowspan="11" style="border: none; background-color:#E7E9E9"              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
 
−
!              colspan="2" rowspan="2";style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"    |                <span style="color:#2a4b8d">Grade-level<br>Waterproofing<br>Membranes</span>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
 
−
|-                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
 
−
! style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;width=200px;"      |            Membrane Type, Reinforcement & Grade                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
 
−
!              colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              <small>Mechanically<br>Fastened<br>(mm)</small>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
 
−
!              colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              <small>Adhesive<br>Applied<br>(mm)</small>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
 
−
!              colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              <small>Self-<br>Adhered<br>(mm)</small>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
 
−
!              colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              <small>Torch-<br>Applied <br>(mm)</small>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
 
−
!              colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              <small>Thickness<br>(mm)</small>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
 
−
!              colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              <small>Puncture<br>Resistance<br>(N)</small>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
 
−
!              colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              <small>Thickness<br>(mm)</small>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
 
−
!              colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              <small>Puncture<br>Resistance<br>(N)</small>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
 
−
!              colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              <small>Thickness<br>(mm)</small>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
 
−
!              colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:center;text-align:center;"      |              <small>Puncture<br>Resistance<br>(N)</small>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
 
−
|-                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
 
−
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;width=200px;"        |              Base Sheet (fibreglass) - Grade 3                ||          2.3         ||                2.2          ||          2.3          ||          2.3          ||          n/a        ||          n/a        ||          n/a        ||          n/a        ||                3.0          ||          n/a
 
−
|-                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
 
−
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;width=200px;"        |              Base Sheet (polyester) - Grade 3                ||          2.5          ||                2.2          ||          2.5          ||          2.5          ||          3.5          ||          400        ||          n/a        ||          n/a        ||                3.0          ||          n/a
 
−
|-                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
 
−
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;width=200px;"        |              Base Sheet (composite) - Grade 3             ||          2.3          ||                2.2          ||          2.3          ||          2.3          ||          3.5          ||          400        ||          n/a        ||          n/a        ||                3.0          ||          n/a
 
−
|-                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
 
−
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;width=200px;"        |              Film Cap Sheet (fibreglass) - Grade 2        ||          n/a        ||                3.3          ||          3.3          ||          4.0          ||          n/a        ||          n/a        ||          n/a        ||          n/a        ||                n/a        ||          n/a
 
−
|-                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
 
−
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;width=200px;"        |              Film Cap Sheet (polyester) - Grade 2        ||          n/a        ||                3.5          ||          3.5          ||          4.0          ||          4.0          ||          400        ||          4.0          ||          400        ||                3.0          ||          400
 
−
|-                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
 
−
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;width=200px;"        |              Film Cap Sheet (composite) - Grade 2     ||          n/a        ||                3.3          ||          3.3         ||          4.0          ||          4.0          ||          400        ||          4.0          ||          400        ||                3.0          ||          400
 
−
|-                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
 
−
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;width=200px;"        |              Granular Cap Sheet (fibreglass) - Grade 1              ||          n/a                ||          3.3          ||          3.3          ||          4.0          ||          n/a        ||          n/a        ||          n/a        ||          n/a                ||          n/a        ||          n/a
 
−
|-                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
 
−
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;width=200px;"        |              Granular Cap Sheet (polyester) - Grade 1              ||          n/a                ||          3.5          ||          3.5          ||          4.0          ||          4.0          ||          400        ||          4.0          ||          400                ||          3.0          ||          400
 
−
|-                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
 
−
|              rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;width=200px;"        |              Granular Cap Sheet (composite) - Grade 1            ||          n/a                ||          3.3          ||          3.3          ||          4.0          ||          4.0          ||          400        ||          4.0          ||          400                ||          3.0          ||          400
 
−
|-                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
 
−
|}</li>
 
−
<li>Liquid membranes must be reinforced and accepted for use over a base membrane ply acceptable to the manufacturer of the liquid membrane.</li>
 
−
<li><span class="principles">Some membranes may be susceptible to damage from bird droppings, pet urine or chemical contamination (oils, solvents or any discharge from a mechanical unit).  The ''Design Authority'' is strongly urged to consider these issues in light of the overall Project design, consult with the membrane manufacturer for guidance, and provide adequate membrane protection when it is necessary</span>.  See also '''14 Roof Coverings and Living Spaces'''.</li>
 
−
</ol>
 
  
−
===Fasteners and Adhesives===
+
====9.3.5.3. Membranes Installed on Wood Decks====
−
See '''3.2.3 Fasteners and Adhesives''' for attachment requirements.
 
  
−
===Accessories===
+
<ol>
−
#All materials, including but not limited to primers, mastics, granules or coatings, that comprise the roof system must be supplied or accepted by the membrane manufacturer.
+
<li>Wood decks shall conform to the requirements for wood ''decks'' in [[#2.1.5. Roof Decks | Subsection 2.1.5.]], shall be prepared as required in [[#9.3.2.1. Preparation of Substrate | Article 9.3.2.1.]], and application of the primary membrane shall conform to the general requirements in [[#9.3.2.3. General Requirements for Membrane Application | Article 9.3.2.3.]]
−
==Application==
+
<li>SBS-modified bituminous membranes shall not be fully adhered directly to a supporting wood ''deck'' structure, and instead shall be
−
===General===
+
<ol>
−
#Membranes must be installed according to the manufacturer's published instructions, details and installation techniques.  Regardless of the instructions, the following standards prevail:
+
<li>installed on a RoofStar-accepted ''deck overlay'' board, or
−
##All membrane openings at eaves, walls, vents, etc. must be sealed during application to prevent moisture from entering roofing or between plies of stripping.
+
<li>semi-adhered ("vented").
−
##Except for the application of picture-framing techniques (see below under '''10.3.3 Alternative Approaches to Membrane Flashing'''), both the base and cap membranes must be installed in a parallel direction (not perpendicular to each other).
+
</li></ol>
−
##Both the base and cap membranes of a 2-ply un-granulated membrane assembly must be installed separately. Installation "shingle fashion" (i.e., 50% lap) is not acceptable except where membrane "back nailing" is required.
+
</li></ol>
−
##<span class="principles">Membranes should be installed beginning at the lowest point of the roof</span>.
 
−
##When a roof system installed on a concrete deck or topping is uninsulated, the base membrane must be vented in order to mitigate the effects of vapour drive from the concrete.
 
−
##All membranes must
 
−
###overlap adjacent membranes (side laps) at least 75 mm (3”).
 
−
###overlap the end of the next membrane run at least 150 mm (6") - angle-cut the selvedge corner of the underlying membrane as required by the membrane manufacturer.
 
−
###be offset from adjacent membrane end laps by at least 300 mm (12”.
 
−
###{{hilite | be installed so that cap membrane end laps are located at least 900 mm (36”) from the centre of any roof field drain, except where drain sumps are employed. || 2020-February-15 }}
 
−
##When membranes are mechanically fastened, side laps must be at least 100 mm (4”) and cover the fastener plate by at least 50 mm (2”).
 
−
##Ensure seams are fully bonded, both along the sides and at the ends of membrane runs:
 
−
###All base membrane field seams, regardless of the type of application, must be “buttered” before the end of the working day.
 
−
###All cap membranes must exhibit continuous visible bitumen bleed-out along seam edges.
 
−
###Cap membrane runs must be offset from the base field membrane seams, according to the membrane manufacturer's published instructions, and centred over drains.
 
−
##{{hilite | Single ply modified bituminous membranes || 2020-February-15 }}
 
−
###{{hilite | must comply with the requirements listed in the table above (see '''9.2.1 Composition, Thickness and Selection'''). || 2020-February-15 }}
 
−
###{{hilite | require a minimum slope of 1:16 (3/4” in 12”). || 2020-February-15 }}
 
−
#Any roof areas less than 1:16 (¾" in 12") require 2 ply membrane assemblies.
 
−
#At roof slope transitions locations where slopes of less than 1:16 (¾" in 12") meet steeper slopes, a 2-ply membrane assembly must extend 900 mm (36") beyond the lower sloped roof transition point.
 
−
#Installation during cold weather must follow the membrane manufacturer’s guidelines for storage and membrane conditioning.
 
−
#At the end of a day, or when installation must be stopped because of circumstance (such as inclement weather), the base membrane of a conventionally insulated roof assembly must be temporarily and continuously sealed to envelope the insulation and other components enclosed below the 2-ply membrane system.  Care must be taken to seal all possible points by which water might enter the new roof assembly.
 
−
#All installed membranes must be protected from splashed or dripped primer used to enhance adhesion of self-adhering membranes, as the primer may damage the membranes and cause leaks.  This standard also applies to work by other trades, who may use primers for self-adhering membranes typically installed on walls or around doors, windows or other wall penetrations.
 
  
−
===Materials Storage and Handling===
+
====9.3.5.4. Single-ply SBS-modified Bituminous Membranes====
−
#All uninstalled materials must be
 
−
##protected from weather
 
−
##stacked above ground or the roof surface in packaging provided
 
−
##approved or recommended by the manufacturer
 
  
−
===Mechanically Attached Membranes===
+
<ol>
−
#Whenever possible, orient mechanically-fastened membranes perpendicular to steel deck flutes in order to distribute fasteners across the deck.
+
<li>{{hilite |Single-ply membranes manufactured with SBS-modified bitumen shall be installed on slopes 1:16 (3/4” in 12”) or greater.|| 2020-February-15 }}
−
#To secure the membrane, use fasteners and stress plates that are
+
</li></ol>
−
##specifically designed for the application of the specified and installed membrane, or are
 
−
##listed in the Tested Assembly report as an acceptable alternative (Substitutions, without the written consent of the primary membrane manufacturer, are not permitted and may void the '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''').
 
−
#Unless otherwise listed in the assembly components of a ''Tested Assembly'', membranes shall be fastened with self-drilling purpose-made #14 screws having a deep-recessed head.
 
−
#Single ply modified bituminous membranes
 
−
##must comply with the requirements listed in the table above (see '''9.2.1 Composition, Thickness and Selection''').
 
−
##require a minimum slope 1:16 (¾" in 12").
 
  
−
===Torch-applied Membranes===
+
====9.3.5.5. Warning Zones====
−
#Directly torch-applying any membrane to wood is strictly prohibited.
 
−
#Torch-applied membranes must be applied to a suitable substrate (primed if required by the membrane manufacturer).
 
−
#Ensure that the membrane is fully and evenly bonded to the substrate. As the roll is installed, the roofer must
 
−
##sufficiently pre-heat the side lap of the preceding roll
 
−
##burn off any film used to protect the uninstalled membrane surface
 
−
##ensure sufficient heat melts the bottom layer of bitumen across the full width of the roll, to adequately bond the membrane to the substrate (<span class="reference">A small "wave" or "bead" of melted bitumen in front of the roll usually indicates sufficient heat</span>)
 
−
##Membrane end lap corners must be cut on a bias (clipped or trimmed on an angle) prior to forming end laps on all torch-applied modified bituminous membrane roof assemblies
 
−
##Embed granules prior to forming end laps on all torch-applied modified bituminous cap membranes
 
−
#The applicator must not over-torch or over-heat membranes.  <span class="reference">The polyester fabric used as reinforcement in many thermofusible "torch-on" membranes is subject to dimensional changes at high temperatures</span>.
 
−
#<span class="recommended">Install cap membranes as soon as possible after base membrane installation</span>.  Installed base membranes must be protected from dirt, debris and damage; any damage sustained by the installed base membrane must be adequately repaired following the procedures recommended by the membrane manufacturer.  This work is the responsibility of the roofing contractor.
 
−
<div id=SBSCOLD></div>
 
  
−
===Adhered Membranes===
+
<ol>
−
====<big>General</big>====
+
<li>When warning zones are specified as part of the primary roof membrane, they must follow the requirements in [[#9.3.4.2. Warning Zones | Article 9.3.4.2.]]
−
#<span class="principles">Membranes may be</span>
+
</li></ol>
−
##<span class="principles">self-adhering, typically requiring a primer to enhance adhesion (refer to the manufacturer's published instructions)</span>.
 
−
##<span class="principles">adhered with</span>
 
−
###<span class="principles">cold adhesives (synthetic or bitumen-based)</span>.
 
−
###<span class="principles">mop-applied hot bitumen (bitumen that is melted in a kettle)</span>.<br/><br/>
 
−
#:<span class="principles">Different '''''RoofStar Guarantee Standards''''' apply to each of these, depending on the membrane type, the method of application and the slope of the roof</span>.
 
−
#SBS-modified bituminous membranes shall not be fully adhered directly to a supporting wood deck structure.  Rather,
 
−
##overlay the wood deck with a RoofStar-accepted deck overlay board, to which the membrane may be adhered.
 
−
##semi-adhere a vented base membrane to the wood deck.
 
−
##substitute a fully-adhered membrane assembly with a mechanically-attached membrane.
 
  
−
====<big>Self-adhered and Cold Adhesive-applied Membranes</big>====
+
====9.3.5.6. Reserved====
−
#When both the base and cap membranes are self-adhered, the cap membrane must be installed on a clean, dry base and both must be completed together on the same work day, according to the manufacturer’s published instructions. Phased installation of membranes is not permitted.
 
−
#To ensure even, full contact with the substrate, all self-adhered and cold adhesive-applied field membranes must be fully rolled with a roller weighing at least 34.2 Kg (75 lbs).
 
−
#Self-adhesive membranes must be installed only when the ambient air temperature meets or exceeds the temperature permitted by the manufacturer.
 
  
−
====<big>Hot Bitumen-adhered Membranes</big>====
+
===9.3.6. Protected Roof Systems===
−
#All concrete decks to receive adhered membranes shall be primed.
+
(The requirements in [[#9.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 9.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following articles)
−
#Bitumen Temperatures
 
−
##The asphalt temperature must be at least 205°C (400°F) in order to fuse with the membrane.
 
−
##<span class="principles">Asphalt should be mopped no more than 1 m (3') ahead of the roll</span>.
 
−
#Install membranes with Type 3 or 4 oxidized asphalt or Type 3 or 4 SEBS modified asphalt.
 
  
−
===Liquid Membranes===
+
====9.3.6.1. Membrane Application Methods====
−
Where it is desirable for the field membrane to resist the damaging effects of grease, oils or other contaminants, a reinforced liquid ‘cap membrane’ may be specified and installed over a suitable base membrane. The following standards pertain to the application of these materials in the field and around penetrations:
+
 
−
#Use only liquid flashing membranes that are compatible with the primary base membrane.
+
<ol>
−
#Ensure proper preparation of the base membrane, which must be clean, dry, free of contaminants and suitable to the liquid membrane manufacturer.  Preparation must follow the procedures published by the liquid membrane manufacturer.
+
<li>SBS-modified bitumen membranes installed as part of a ''protected roof system'' shall be
−
#Liquid membranes must be applied with clean, straight, plumb edges. Therefore, mask the boundaries of areas to which liquid membrane will be applied, ensuring adequate coverage on all surfaces.
+
<ol>
−
#For all applications,
+
<li>self-adhered and cold adhesive-applied ([[#9.3.3.1. Self-adhered and Cold-processed Membranes | Article 9.3.3.1.]]),
−
##apply a base layer of catalyzed liquid membrane resin within the area masked for coverage
+
<li>hot asphalt-adhered ([[#9.3.3.3. Hot Asphalt-adhered Membranes | Article 9.3.3.3.]]), or
−
##reinforce the base coating with the manufacturer’s fleece, and cut it to size so that the fleece is set in from the masked area no more than 3 mm (1/8”)
+
<li>torch-applied ([[#9.3.3.4. Torch-applied Membranes | Article 9.3.3.4.]]).
−
##ensure the fleece is fully saturated with liquid, following the published instructions from the manufacturer
+
</li></ol>
−
##coat the fleece with a second application of catalyzed liquid membrane resin, covering the masked area
+
<li>Membranes, membrane flashing, and insulation must be installed in keeping with the requirements found elsewhere in this Standard.
−
##coat the second application with a wearing coat, as specified by the manufacturer
+
<li>No UV-sensitive membrane may be left exposed to UV radiation and must be fully protected by a granulated cap membrane, metal flashing or ''overburden''.
−
#When a granule surface or textured finish is specified, the granules or texturing material must be broadcast into a third coat.
+
<li>The second ply in a ''protected roof system'' may be a base sheet membrane that is acceptable to the ''manufacturer'' for that application, and must meet the membrane puncture resistance and thickness requirements in [[#9.2.1.1. Membrane Composition, Thickness, and Selection | Article 9.2.1.1., "Composition, Thickness and Selection"]].
−
#When applied to the roof field around a penetration, the same liquid membrane must extend up the adjacent vertical surfaces by at least 200 mm (8”).  See also '''11.3.3.3'''.
+
</ol></li>
−
::Application rates and guidelines issued by the manufacturer of the liquid flashing product must be followed, unless superseded by these Standards.
+
 
 +
====9.3.6.2. Membrane Protection====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Installed membranes must be protected from damage as soon as possible after integrity testing. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</ol></li>
 +
 
 +
====9.3.6.3. Procurement and Installation of Other Materials====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>All components, including the gravel or paver ballast, must be supplied and installed by the ''Contractor''.
 +
<li>{{hilite | Where a ''vegetated roof system'' (VRS) is used as ballast and the ''VRS'' || 2025-October-25 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | is intended to qualify for a '''''RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee''''', the VRS shall conform to the design, material, and construction requirements of the || 2025-October-25 }} [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard {{hilite |“RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs” || 2025-October-25 }}].
 +
<li>{{hilite | is not intended to qualify for a '''''RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee''''',|| 2025-October-25 }} may be installed by others but
 +
<li>the work must be coordinated with the ''Contractor'', and
 +
<li>the VRS must be installed immediately upon completion of the ''Contractor’s'' work, to ensure the ''roof system'' is held in place (See also [[#14.1.3.12. Vegetated Roof Systems | Article 14.1.3.12.]]).
 +
</ol></li>
 +
</ol></li>
 +
</ol></li>
  
−
===Membrane Walkways and Warning Zones===
 
−
See also '''14 The ROOF as a PLATFORM''' for design, material and installation requirements when using elevated pavers or other walkway materials.
 
−
#When pavers are used as the walkway material they must be
 
−
##spaced no closer than 3mm (1/8″)
 
−
##supported by non-abrasive pads or proprietary pedestals providing a minimum of 12.7 mm (1/2″) of vertical separation layer for airflow and leveling.
 
−
##{{hilite | secured against movement by wind. || 2020-February-15 }}
 
−
#When an additional membrane ply is installed over the finished roof membrane, to serve as a ‘sacrificial’ walking surface, the third ply is not considered part of the roof assembly and therefore is excluded from coverage under the '''''RoofStar Guarantee'''''.
 
−
#When warning zones are specified as part of the primary roof membrane,
 
−
##the membrane
 
−
###may be part of the primary roof membrane, in a contrasting colour.
 
−
###must be oriented parallel to the primary field runs.
 
−
##staggered end laps must be maintained but must be located under the contrasting membrane in order to create a clean edge.
 
 
<hr>
 
<hr>
−
<div id="SBSPERIMETERS"></div>
 
  
−
=PERIMETERS and WALLS=
+
<div id=PART_10></div>
−
==General==
 
−
===Definitions===
 
−
Refer to the [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Glossary '''Glossary'''] for further definitions of key terms used in this '''Manual'''.
 
−
:'''''Tall Parapet''''' means a parapet taller than 600 mm (24”).
 
−
:'''''Standard Door''''' means a door located at least 200 mm (8”) above the finished roof surface.
 
−
:'''''Low Door''''' means a door with a rough opening less than 200 mm (8”) above the finished roof surface, but no less than 100 mm (4”) above the roof membrane.
 
−
<div id="SBSMECHAN"></div>
 
  
−
===Design===
+
=Part 10 - Perimeters and Walls=
−
#When a {{hilite | waterproofing roof assembly || 2020-February-15 }} transitions to a {{hilite | common slope, steep slope or extreme slope || 2020-February-15 }}, the transition must be flashed with separate base and cap membrane plies.
+
==Section 10.1. Design==
−
#<span class="principles">Base and cap membrane flashing plies should not be terminated at the same height; rather, the cap should lap over the base, onto the vertical substrate, unless fire-sensitive applications apply</span> (see '''10.3.3 Alternative Approaches to Membrane Flashing''').
+
===10.1.1. General===
−
#{{hilite | Except where low parapets, metal fascia edge flashings and low door sills or window details are incorporated in the design (see also '''10.3.7 Door Openings'''), all membrane flashing (stripping) must extend vertically on perimeter surfaces at least 200 mm (8") above the roof field membrane, to permit a proper watertight seal.  Where pavers, ballast, growing media or any other type of '''Roof Coverings''' are designed for placement on top of the field membrane, membrane flashing must be carried vertically past the top surface of the covering (the '''Finished Roof Assembly''') at least 200 mm (8”). || 2020-February-15 }}
+
====10.1.1.1. Scope====
−
#Only base membranes conforming to the Material requirements outlined below may be installed on the top of a parapet wall.
 
−
#Regardless of parapet height, base membrane flashing must be carried up the inside face of the parapet walls no less than 200 mm (8”) above the finished roof surface.
 
−
#Subject to the specifications of the roof design, parapets 600 mm (24”) or less in height may be fully covered with a base membrane flashing.  When this is done, the base membrane flashing must not be left exposed to UV radiation, but must be covered with
 
−
##a granule-coated cap membrane flashing (see requirements below).
 
−
##metal flashing.
 
−
##cladding or other wall finishes.
 
−
#When walls, or tall parapets, are specified as part of the roofing work, the remaining surface area of the wall or parapet above the termination of the base membrane flashing must be covered with a water-resistive membrane that has properties consistent with the design and characteristics of the wall assembly. This may be the same membrane used for base flashing, or it may be a self-adhering membrane having a minimum thickness of 1 mm (.040”), provided it
 
−
##is applied with the methodology prescribed by the manufacturer.
 
−
##positively overlaps the base or cap flashing membrane by at least 50 mm (2”).
 
−
##covers the remainder of the wall or tall parapet.
 
−
##is protected from UV radiation with a metal flashing, cladding or another wall covering.
 
−
##does not extend to cover the top surface of a parapet.
 
−
#Tall parapets should be designed with consideration given to ventilation.
 
−
#When metal flashing or cladding is installed over a self-adhering base membrane, the membrane must have a high softening point and a minimum flow temperature of 87.7°C (190°F) ASTM D5147 high temperature stability.
 
−
#Cap membrane flashing must be carried up the vertical surface, above the finished roof surface, at least 200 mm (8”), but may be carried up the full height of the parapet.
 
−
#Parapets are not required at the edge of a roof, but when they are specified and constructed they must be no less than 100 mm (4") in height, measured from the finished roof surface to the inside top edge of the parapet, in order to facilitate proper metal cap flashing securement.  See also '''13.3.4 Cap, Counter and Base Flashings'''.
 
−
#Mechanical fasteners used to secure a metal flashing or wall finish must be installed at least 89 mm (3 ½”) above the finished roof surface.
 
−
#When a wall or parapet is faced with multi-wythe masonry or composite panels, and the membrane flashing must be installed over the face of the wall or parapet, the through-wall flashing that separates wythes or courses of panels must be
 
−
##supplied and installed by others.
 
−
##situated at the next course above the terminated edge of the membrane flashing and any metal roof flashings.<br><br><p>Refer to current seismic codes for suitability.</p><p>In the alternative to the above, the entire inside face of a parapet wall must be completely flashed or cladded.</p>
 
−
#SBS-modified bitumen membranes are manufactured to transition from horizontal to vertical planes, without the assistance of a cant.  Therefore, cant edges are not required.
 
−
#Cant edges on existing roofs may be left in place, at the discretion of the ''Design Authority''.
 
−
#Diverter flashings must be installed where lower edge of the roof terminates at a wall or at a flat edge where water may freely drain off the roof surface.  The diverter is used to prevent the intrusion of water behind wall finishes, or off the roof at an undesirable location.
 
−
#When a {{hilite | waterproofing roof assembly || 2020-February-15 }} transitions
 
−
##to a lower {{hilite | water-shedding assembly (regardless of slope) || 2020-February-15 }}, the base membrane flashing must be lapped onto the {{hilite | water-shedding assembly || 2020-February-15 }} underlayment by no less than 50 mm (2").
 
−
##up a {{hilite | water-shedding assembly || 2020-February-15 }}, the base membrane flashing must extend up the slope not less than 300 mm (12"), measured vertically from the horizontal plane.
 
−
##with a wall, membrane flashing must positively lap wall membranes and finishes by at least 75 mm (3").
 
  
−
==Materials==
+
<ol>
−
#Membranes used to flash (strip) walls, parapets or other edges shall be reinforced with polyester or a composite scrim, but in any event must conform to the membrane requirements found in '''9.2.1 Composition, Thickness and Selection'''.
+
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
−
#<span class="principles">Some membranes may be susceptible to damage from bird droppings, pet urine, chemical contamination (oils, solvents or any discharge from a mechanical unit).  The ''Design Authority'' is strongly urged to consider these issues in light of the overall Project design, consult with the membrane manufacturer for guidance, and provide adequate membrane protection when it is necessary</span>.  See also '''14 THE ROOF as a PLATFORM'''.
+
</li></ol>
−
#Liquid membranes used as a membrane flashing, or to terminate sheet membrane flashing, must be a fleece-reinforced 2-part liquid flashing system.
 
−
#Metal flashings incorporated into roof perimeters and walls must conform to the materials and fabrication standards found in '''13.2 Materials'''.
 
−
#When cant edges are specified,
 
−
##wood cants must be fabricated from any wood species other than hemlock.
 
−
##fibre cants must be manufactured from non-combustible materials.
 
  
−
<div id="SBS-STRIPPING"></div>
+
====10.1.1.2. {{strike| Definitions || 2024-October-23 }}{{hilite | Defined Terms || 2025-October-25 }}====
−
==Application==
 
−
===General===
 
−
#When membrane flashing requires the use of a primer applied to a substrate, all installed membranes must be protected from splashed or dripped primer, as the primer may damage the membranes and cause leaks.  This standard also applies to work by other trades, who may use primers for self-adhering membranes typically installed on walls or around doors, windows or other wall penetrations.
 
−
#All membrane flashing plies must be
 
−
##installed to a substrate that is listed under ''Accepted Materials'', and
 
−
##fully bonded to that underlying substrate.
 
−
#Membrane flashing plies must be installed according to the manufacturer's published instructions, but in any event must be
 
−
##installed from the low point of the roof (for positive laps toward the drain).
 
−
##offset the field membrane runs by at least 300 mm (12").
 
−
##reinforced at all inside and outside corners with membrane gussets, measuring at least 100 mm x 150 mm (4” x 6”), excluding the tapered ends.
 
−
##hand rolled with a membrane manufacturer’s accepted roller.
 
−
#{{hilite | Except where low parapets, metal fascia edge flashings and low door sills or window details are incorporated in the design (see also '''10.3.7 Door Openings'''), all membrane flashing (stripping) must extend vertically on perimeter surfaces at least 200 mm (8") above the roof field membrane, to permit a proper watertight seal.  Where pavers, ballast, growing media or any other type of '''Roof Coverings''' are designed for placement on top of the field membrane, membrane flashing must be carried vertically past the top surface of the covering (the '''Finished Roof Assembly''') at least 200 mm (8”). || 2020-February-15 }}
 
−
#The base and cap membranes must be carried up a vertical face at least 200 mm (8”) but must not be terminated at the same height.
 
−
#Base membrane flashing plies must
 
−
##extend onto the field by at least 100 mm (4"), or extend at least 100 mm (4") past perimeter mechanical fastener plates installed on the field.
 
−
##wrap over the top of the parapet or roof edge and down the outside face by at least 50 mm (2”).
 
−
##positively lap any wall membranes or finishes on the outside face of the building.
 
−
##be fully bonded at the seams, along all exposed edges.
 
−
##be finished and “buttered”, with a torch or hot-air welder, before the end of the working day.
 
−
#Cap membrane flashing plies must
 
−
##extend onto the field at least 150 mm (6"), or at least 50 mm (2”) past the edge of the base membrane flashing.
 
−
##be fully bonded at the seams, along all exposed edges.
 
−
##exhibit continuous visible bitumen bleed-out along seam edges, to a maximum of 6 mm (1/4”), accomplished with a torch or hot-air welder.
 
−
#All membrane flashing (stripping) must extend vertically on a perimeter surface at least 200 mm (8") above the finished roof surface, to permit a proper watertight seal.  Low parapets, metal fascia edge flashings (see also '''10.3.7 Door Openings'''), and low door sill or window details, are exempt from this requirement.<div id="SBSSTRIPTERM"></div>
 
−
#All membrane flashing terminating on any vertical surface must be secured to the vertical substrate by the Contractor.  Exposed membrane edges must also be protected from UV radiation.  This must be accomplished using
 
−
##a proprietary termination bar attached to the vertical surface with compatible fasteners and caulked with a sealant.
 
−
##mechanical fasteners with large heads no less than 9 mm (3/8") diameter, and covered with a metal counter-flashing, reglet flashing or wall membrane and finish.
 
−
##a 2-part reinforced liquid flashing membrane (see '''11.3.3.3 Liquid Membrane Flashings''').
 
−
#All fasteners must be installed no more than 300 mm (12”) O.C.  When the standard fastener spacing cannot be achieved, mechanical fasteners shall be spaced to suit/match vertical structural supports, but in any event shall be placed no more than 600 mm (24”) O.C.
 
−
#Membrane flashing terminating under a reglet must be sealed to the wall with a compatible mastic.<div id="SBSWALLCONNECTION"></div>
 
−
#When a {{hilite | waterproofing roof assembly || 2020-February-15 }} transitions
 
−
##to a lower {{hilite | water-shedding assembly (regardless of slope) || 2020-February-15 }}, the base membrane flashing must be lapped onto the {{hilite | water-shedding assembly || 2020-February-15 }} underlayment by no less than 50 mm (2").
 
−
##up a {{hilite | water-shedding assembly|| 2020-February-15 }}, the base membrane flashing must extend up the slope not less than 300 mm (12"), measured vertically from the horizontal plane.
 
−
##with a wall, membrane flashing must positively lap wall membranes and finishes by at least 75 mm (3").<div id="SBSWALLTIEIN"></div>
 
−
#Parapets that intersect a higher wall must be sealed with a membrane saddle formed to protect the inside and outside corners (see [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php/SBS_Details:D1.7.2-4_Parapets_%26_Copings_(Parapet_-_Wall_Transition) '''D1.7.2-4 Parapets & Copings (Parapet - Wall Transition)''']).
 
  
−
===Sequencing===
+
<ol>
−
#Projects must follow proper sequencing. This means that materials must be installed so that they interface with other materials, systems or assemblies, including those installed by other trades, in “shingle fashion” by positively overlapping them below or above.  Occasionally, the coordination with other trades requires some adaptation to this standard.  When that is the case, any variance to proper detail sequencing must be approved by the ''Design Authority'' in writing.
+
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].
−
<div id="SBSPERIMETERSALT"></div>
+
</li></ol>
  
−
===Alternate Membrane Flashing Approaches===
+
===10.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
−
#When field membranes or flashing plies are heat-welded, or if required by construction sequencing, site personnel must assess the best approach.
+
====10.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
−
#The ''Project'' design and installation may incorporate one or more of the following alternatives to conventional membrane flashing methods:
 
−
====<big>Pre-flashing Approach</big>====
 
−
#Before installing the base field membrane, self-adhering or adhesive-applied base membrane flashing (“pre-flashing”) must be applied to both vertical surfaces and to a suitable substrate on the roof field.
 
−
#Base membrane flashings must be finished and “buttered” at the joints using a hot-air welder.
 
−
#Base membrane flashing plies must extend
 
−
##no less than 100 mm (4”) onto the roof field.
 
−
##no less than 200 mm (8”) on walls or tall parapets, or to fully cover parapets up to 600 mm (24”) in height.
 
−
#The ends of field membrane runs, applied after base membrane flashing, must continue up the face of the wall or parapet at least 100 mm (4”).
 
−
#Additional base membrane flashing must be installed along the lengths of base field membranes, applied to the vertical surface and onto the roof field at least 100 mm (4”).
 
−
#Cap field and flashing membranes must be installed in keeping with General Application standards.
 
−
#All other applicable Standards in this '''Manual''' apply.
 
−
====<big>Picture-frame Approach</big>====
 
−
#Before installing the base field membrane, “picture-frame” the field area adjacent to sensitive locations with self-adhering or adhesive-applied membranes; {{hilite | apply membranes to a suitable substrate on the roof field, || 2020-February-15 }} to a width of at least 1.5 m (58 ½”), beginning with a half-width sheet along the roof edge.
 
−
#Perimeters must be flashed with self-adhering or adhesive-applied membrane base flashing.  Base membrane flashing plies must extend
 
−
##no less than 100 mm (4”) onto the roof field.
 
−
##no less than 200 mm (8”) on walls or tall parapets, or to fully cover parapets up to 600 mm (24”) in height.
 
−
#Field base membrane must be installed and tied into the “picture frame” following the General Application standards for side and end laps (refer to '''9.3.1 General''').
 
−
#Standard application of cap field membranes must be carried no closer than 1 m (39”) of the wall or parapet.
 
−
#Self-adhering or adhesive-applied cap membranes must be applied to complete the field.  Side and end laps must be heat-sealed with a hot-air welder.
 
−
#Self-adhered or adhesive-applied cap membrane flashing must be applied to parapets or walls, in keeping with General Application standards for membrane flashing.  Side and end laps must be heat-sealed with a hot-air welder.
 
−
#All other applicable Standards in this '''Manual''' apply.
 
  
−
===Membranes===
+
<ol>
−
====<big>Torch-applied</big>====
+
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
−
#The application of an open flame to combustible surfaces is NOT permitted.  All combustible surfaces, including (without limitation) decks, walls, blocking or cants MUST be protected from open flame by an acceptable separation or overlay material. 
+
</li></ol>
−
#When the base membrane flashing is torch-applied, all overlay board joints and wall transitions must be sealed with the primary membrane manufacturer’s approved self-adhered membrane or tapes.  Alternatively, refer above to '''10.3.3 Alternative Approaches to Membrane Flashing'''.
 
  
−
====<big>Self-adhered</big>====
+
====10.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====
−
#Self-adhered membranes must be installed on a clean, uncontaminated surface. Dirty or contaminated surfaces must be covered with
 
−
##plywood sheathing with a minimum nominal thickness of 9.5 mm (3/8").
 
−
##a wall overlay.
 
  
−
====<big>Adhesive and Hot-applied</big>====
+
<ol>
−
#Hot-applied membrane flashing must be installed according to the membrane manufacturers’ installation specifications, using conventional Type 3 or 4 oxidized asphalt or Type 3 or 4 SEBS modified asphalt. The asphalt temperature must conform to the membrane manufacturer's minimum application temperature; a minimum application temperature of 205°C (400°F) is required.
+
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee'''''.
−
#When hot asphalt is used to adhere membrane flashing (stripping), metal base flashings are required on all vertical surfaces, walls, curbs, etc. Refer to '''13.3.4 Cap, Counter and Base Flashings'''.
+
</li></ol>
  
−
<div id="SBSCAPFLASHINGUNDERLAY"></div>
+
===10.1.3. All Systems===
 +
====10.1.3.1. General Requirements====
  
−
===Perimeters and Walls===
+
<ol>
−
====<big>Parapets</big>====
+
<li>The ''Design Authority'' is responsible to specify {{hilite | the connections between the ''roof system'' and ''walls'' or other building components, particularly where the ''continuity'' of air, vapour and water-resistive ''control layers'' is critical or required by Code (See [[#Part 6 - Air and Vapour Controls | Part 6, "Air and Vapour Controls"]]|| 2021-October-30 }}).
−
#Parapets up to and including a height of 600 mm (24”) must be fully covered with a base membrane flashing.
+
<li>''Projects'' must follow proper sequencing; materials must positively integrate (“shingle fashion”) with other materials, ''systems'', or ''assemblies'', including those installed by other trades.  
−
#Base membrane flashings installed on a parapet must extend onto the outside vertical face of the parapet by at least 50 mm (2").
+
<li>{{hilite | Wall surfaces must be suitable to receive roof materials, or they must be covered with an accepted overlay panel material listed in || 2023-June-16 }} [[Division_C | Division C]].
−
#Base membrane flashing may not be left exposed to UV radiation any longer than the manufacturer’s recommendations, but must be covered with
+
<li>{{hilite | Where the roof deck and an adjoining wall are constructed of dissimilar materials (i.e., steel deck joined to concrete wall), differing expansion and contraction rates for the two materials may adversely affect the roof system and, in particular, the field and flashing membranes, and therefore it is incumbent upon the ''Design Authority'' to consult the ''manufacturer's'' literature and specify the correct materials for each particular roof-wall intersection || 2023-June-16 }} (See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-10.1.3.1.(4) | Note A-10.1.3.1.(4)]]).
−
##a granule-coated cap membrane flashing (see requirements below).
+
<li>{{hilite | When EIFS cladding is cut to permit roofing work, the exposed insulation must be restored with back-wrapped mesh, a base coat and finish coat, or with another method that is equal or superior|| 2022-October-22 }} (See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-10.1.3.1.(5)| Note A-10.1.3.1.(5)]]).
−
##metal flashing.
+
</li></ol>
−
##cladding or other wall finishes.
 
−
#When the walls, or tall parapets, are specified as part of the roofing work, base membranes must be terminated at a height above the finished roof surface no less than 300 mm (12”). The remainder of the wall or parapet surface must be covered with a waterproofing membrane. If specified, use the same membrane employed for base flashing. In the an alternative alternate self-adhering membrane is specified, it must be at least 1 mm (.040”) thick and must
 
−
##be installed according to the methodology prescribed by the manufacturer.
 
−
##positively overlaps the base or cap flashing membrane by at least 50 mm (2”).
 
−
##cover the remainder of the wall or tall parapet.
 
−
##be protected from UV radiation with a metal flashing, cladding or another wall covering.
 
−
##not extend to cover the top surface of a parapet.
 
−
#Where a metal coping is specified as the only metal flashing, the cap membrane flashing must be carried up at least as high as the inside face of the parapet. Optionally, the cap membrane flashing may be carried across the top of the parapet to the outside edge.
 
  
−
====<big>Metal Edge Terminations</big>====
+
====10.1.3.2. Membrane Flashing====
−
Membrane roof assemblies may be terminated at the roof edge, flush with the roof surface, using a metal edge flashing.  Metal edge flashings must be installed to the following standards:
 
−
#Insulated {{hilite | waterproofing roof assemblies || 2020-February-15 }} terminating on the horizontal plane with a metal edge flashing must abut blocking at the roof edge.
 
−
#The base field membrane must extend onto the outside face of the roof edge at least 50 mm (2").
 
−
#Metal edge flashings must be
 
−
##installed over the base field membrane.
 
−
##embedded in a membrane-compatible mastic.
 
−
##fastened to the outside face of the roof edge with a continuous metal clip (see '''13.3.2 Securement''').
 
−
##fastened to the roof surface with mechanical fasteners spaced 200 mm (8”) O.C. in offsetting rows.
 
−
##joined to each other with lap joints measuring at least 100 mm (4”), and sealed with mastic.
 
−
##primed.
 
−
##sealed with a base membrane extending at least 100 mm (4") onto the metal flashing, and at least 100 mm (4”) onto the field membrane.
 
−
##finished with the field cap membrane
 
−
###extending to cover the base membrane.
 
−
###sealed along the exposed edge with an un-tooled bead of membrane-compatible mastic.
 
−
#When a diverter flashing is required, it must be fabricated like a metal edge flashing, and must be secured and sealed to the primary membrane with membrane flashing (stripping).  Follow the procedures outlined in '''10.3.5.2.3'''.
 
−
<div id="SBSCANT"></div>
 
  
−
====<big>Cant Edges</big>====
+
<ol>
−
When specified, the following application standards apply to the installation of cant edges:
+
<li>All changes in plane in the ''roof system'', and all intersections between the roof field and roof edges, ''walls'', or ''parapets'', must be flashed with sheet membrane, or with a reinforced liquid membrane flashing system that is acceptable to the '''''Guarantor''''', acceptable to the ''manufacturer'', and permitted by this Standard.
−
#Membrane flashing plies must be installed in keeping with the requirements in '''10.3.1 General''', and must lap onto the roof field when measured from the base of the cant.
+
<li>Sheet membrane flashing must be self-adhered, adhered with adhesives, hot asphalt (bitumen), or with torch-applied heat, and shall conform to the requirements in [[#10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls | Article 10.3.2.3.]]
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Linear metal flashing'', or a RoofStar-accepted, fleece-reinforced 2-component polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) liquid membrane flashing, is required at all roof edges, upper membrane terminations, curb tops, and at the tops of parapets, to protect sheet membrane flashing from damage. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | All ''linear metal flashing'' used for the termination of sheet membrane flashing plies shall be installed in keeping with [[#13.1.3.3. Securement | Article 13.1.3.3., "Securement"]]|| 2021-October-30 }}.
 +
<li>Sheet membrane flashing must be protected from damage caused by foot traffic or shifting coverings, using base metal flashing or other methods acceptable to the '''''Guarantor'''''.
 +
<li>Where a roof allows water to freely drain off the edge, and the roof adjoins a ''wall'', a cricket or diverter should be installed at the roof edge to prevent water intrusion behind wall finishes.
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
===Expansion and Control Joints===
+
==={{hilite | 10.1.4. Perimeter Details, High Walls, and Openings|| 2021-October-30 }}===
−
See '''2.4 Expansion Joints''' and '''2.5 Control Joints''' above. Membrane application must conform to the general requirements outlined in '''10.1 General'''.
+
(The requirements in [[#10.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 10.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)
  
−
#Expansion joints constructed as a raised divider must have a sloped top surface and must extend in height above the finished roof surface no less than 200 mm (8"). The minimum height of the Expansion Joint may be reduced to 100 mm (4") if the primary roof membrane flashing is fully supported and sealed over the top.
+
====10.1.4.1. Parapets====
−
#Proprietary elastomeric expansion joint systems, manufactured with an EPDM-based core and flanges that can be fully bonded to the primary membrane, are acceptable for use in {{hilite | waterproofing roof assemblies || 2020-February-15 }} when the systems are located a minimum of 200mm (8") above the finished roof surface and are completely sheathed (covered) with sloped metal flashing. Such joints must be
 
−
##accepted for use in the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program'''''.
 
−
##compatible with the roof membrane and acceptable to the membrane manufacturer.
 
−
##designed and manufactured to accommodate building movements of at least 500% elongation at -40°C (-40°F) across its length and at all vulcanized points.
 
−
##factory-fabricated by means of vulcanization.
 
−
##manufactured as one piece, complete with all joints, details and connections.
 
−
##bonded with the primary membrane in a manner acceptable to the manufacturers of both the expansion joint and the membrane to which it will be bonded.
 
−
#Field splicing of proprietary elastomeric expansion joints is permitted only when made with a machine acceptable to the expansion joint manufacturer. All other field splices are not permitted.
 
−
<div id="SBSDOOR"></div>
 
  
−
===Door Openings===
+
<ol>
−
#'''''Standard door''''' openings must be flashed with membrane, reinforced with gussets at the sill corners, carried vertically on all surfaces of the door sill opening at least 100 mm (4”)
+
<li>{{hilite | Parapets may be waterproofed before a coping, its membrane, and metal coping (cap) flashing are installed, but the coping will be excluded from coverage unless the parapet membranes are carried onto and over the coping in accordance with the application requirements described in || 2024-January-31 }} [[#10.3.4.1. Parapets | Article 10.3.4.1.]]
−
#<span class="recommended">The RGC recommends against low door openings because of their propensity to leak</span>.  Nevertheless, when a '''''low door''''' opening is specified to comply with building codes, it must be waterproofed in keeping with the following standards:
+
<li>On roofs where ''overburden'' or ballast extends to the roof edge, ''parapets'' must be designed to retain the material against wind scouring, but in any event, they shall be no less than 203.2 mm (8”) in height when measured from the top of the ''finished roof system surface''.
−
##The opening at the curb must be waterproofed before the door frame and sill is installed, by one of the following accepted methods:
+
<li>''Parapets'' are optional, but when a parapet is specified it must be no less than 127 mm (5") in height, measured from the ''finished roof system surface'' to the inside top edge of the ''parapet'' (this height requirement facilitates proper metal cap flashing securement) (Ref. [[#10.3.4.1. Parapets | Article 10.3.4.1.]]; also see [[#13.3.2.3. Cap Flashing, Counter-flashing, and Reglet Flashing | Article 13.3.2.3., "Cap Flashing, Counter-flashing, and Reglet Flashing"]]).
−
###Sheet membrane flashing
+
<li>{{hilite | ''Parapets'' with cavities must be designed with consideration for ventilation. || 2024-January-31 }}
−
####reinforced with gussets at the sill corners.
+
<li>{{hilite | All ''parapet'' copings that form part of the Contractor’s scope of work must provide solid support for metal coping (cap) flashings and shall be suitable to receive mechanical fasteners (Ref. || 2024-January-31}} [[#13.1.3.6. Cap Flashing, Counter-flashing, and Reglet Flashing | Article 13.1.3.6.]]; {{hilite | also see || 2024-January-31 }} [[#13.3.2.1. General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing | Article 13.3.2.1.]]).
−
####carried vertically on all surfaces of the door sill opening at least 100 mm (4”).
+
<li>{{hilite | When the width of any ''parapet'' exceeds 101.6 mm (4"), the coping (installed by other trades) must || 2024-January-31 }}
−
####terminated on a mechanically attached water-stop flashing sized to underneath the door sill and sealed to the opening with membrane flashing.
+
<ol>
−
###A metal water stop flashing, fabricated with folded, welded or soldered corners and mechanically attached to inside of door sill opening. The pan must be sealed to the door curb and opening with membrane flashing.
+
<li>{{hilite | slope toward the roof-side of the ''parapet wall'', and shall || 2024-January-31}}
−
###Reinforced liquid membrane flashing applied in keeping with the requirements for sheet membrane flashings above.
+
<li>{{hilite | be sloped to meet the minimum requirements for metal coping (cap) flashing in Table 13.1.-A, || 2024-January-31 }} [[#13.1.3.4. Gauge, Dimension Limitations, and Seams | Article 13.1.3.4.]]
−
##The roof must be sloped away from the door opening.
+
</li></ol>
−
##Overflow drains must be
+
<li>{{hilite | Membranes specified for parapets with a pre-cast or stone coping must be at least 2.5 mm thick and shall be manufactured with a sanded top surface. || 2024-June-15 }}
−
###installed on the same roof area, and located at least 25 mm (1") below the door sill.
+
</li></ol>
−
###capable of flow rates equivalent to or greater than those of the primary roof drains for the roof areas adjacent to the door opening (see also '''11.3.2.5 Scuppers and Overflows''').
 
−
##When the building interior transitions to a patio or occupied roof surface through a flush door opening, the walking surface of the patio or roof must protect the roof membrane from damage and provide a drainage space below the walking surface measuring at least 12.7 mm (1/2”). Alternatively, pea gravel installed on a drainage board may be used.
 
−
##<span class="recommended">Overhangs above the door are recommended wherever practical, to minimize water intrusion that occurs from wind-driven rain or from snow accumulation</span>.
 
−
<div id="SBSLIQUIDMEMBRANETERMINATION"></div>
 
  
−
===Liquid Membrane Flashing===
+
====10.1.4.2. Low Profile Edges====
−
Where sheet membranes terminate on walls, or where flashing with sheet membranes may not be practical or even possible, a reinforced liquid membrane flashing may be used. The following standards pertain to the application of these materials:
 
−
#Use only liquid flashing membranes that are compatible with the primary membrane.
 
−
#Ensure proper preparation of the substrate, which must be clean, dry and free of contaminants.  Preparation must follow the published procedures published by the flashing manufacturer.
 
−
#Liquid membranes must be applied with clean, straight, plumb edges.  Therefore, mask the boundaries of areas to which liquid membrane will be applied, ensuring adequate coverage on all surfaces.
 
−
#For all applications,
 
−
##prime the substrate above the sheet membrane flashing, as directed by the manufacturer of the 2-part liquid flashing system.
 
−
##apply a base layer of catalyzed liquid membrane resin within the area masked for coverage.
 
−
##reinforce the base coating with the manufacturer’s fleece, and cut it to size so that the fleece is set in from the masked area no more than 3 mm (1/8”).
 
−
##ensure the fleece is fully saturated with liquid, following the published instructions from the manufacturer.
 
−
##coat the fleece with a second application of catalyzed liquid membrane resin, covering the masked area.
 
−
#When a granule surface or textured finish is specified, the granules or texturing material must be broadcast into a third coat.
 
−
#On vertical membrane terminations, apply the liquid membrane to provide no less than 50 mm (2") coverage, both above and below the sheet membrane termination.
 
−
#For use as a substitute for sheet membrane flashing, the reinforced liquid membrane flashing system must extend 200 mm (8”) both vertically and onto the field membrane.
 
−
Application rates and guidelines issued by the manufacturer of the liquid flashing product must be followed, unless superseded by these Standards.
 
−
<hr>
 
−
<div id="SBSDRAINS"></div>
 
  
−
=DRAINS and PENETRATIONS=
+
<ol>
−
==General==
+
<li>A metal-edge termination detail may be used on a ''conventionally insulated'' or ''uninsulated roof system'' but must be fully blocked to support the metal and membrane edges.
−
This section pertains to the waterproofing of roof penetrations, curbs, sleepers, drains and any other "details", in order to qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee'''''.
+
<li>Canted edges are not required or recommended and may be retained on existing roofs, but
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>this shall be at the discretion of the ''Design Authority'', and
 +
<li>the canted substrates must be wood.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>When, for aesthetic reasons, face-fastened metal flashing covering a canted edge is not desirable, cants may be replaced with
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>a metal edge roof termination, or
 +
<li>a ''parapet'', designed and constructed in keeping with the minimum requirements in [[#10.1.4.1. Parapets | Article 10.1.4.1.]] and [[#10.3.4.1. Parapets | Article 10.3.4.1.]]
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
===Definitions===
+
====10.1.4.3. {{hilite | Tall Parapets || 2024-January-31 }}====
−
Refer to the [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Glossary '''Glossary'''] for further definitions of key terms used in this '''Manual'''.
 
−
:'''''Roof Drain''''' means “A fitting or device that is installed in the roof to permit storm water to discharge into a ''leader''.” (BCPC, Division A, Part 1).
 
−
:'''''Drain Leader''''' means "a pipe that is installed to carry ''storm water'' from a roof to a ''storm building drain'' or ''sewer'' or other place of disposal” (BCPC, Division A, Part 1).
 
−
:'''''Primary Roof Drain''''' means the primary means of draining water from the roof.
 
−
:'''''Secondary Roof Drain''''' means an alternate drainage path in the event of large rain events or significant snow melt, typically situated at a higher elevation than a primary roof drain.
 
−
:'''''Scupper Drain''''' means an open or closed roof drain that conveys water laterally from one roof area to another, or from the roof directly to the exterior of the building.
 
−
:'''''Overflow Drain''''' means a secondary roof drain that serves as a safeguard when roof drains fail.
 
−
:'''''Flange-style Drain''''' means a primary roof drain with a flat, broad flange fabricated from the same material as the bowl and leader, and encompassing the perimeter of the drain bowl or, in the case of flat drains, the drain leader.  Flange-style drains are not cast but rather are manufactured from components that are hot-welded.  Flange-style drains are typically secured to the roof with mechanical fasteners.
 
  
−
===Design===
+
<ol>
−
#With the exception of overflows and scupper drains, roof drains and penetration flashings must be located at least 200 mm (8”) away from any adjacent drain, penetration, upstand, edge or wall.  The separation space is measured between openings, excluding the flange.
+
<li>When a {{strike| ''roof system'' transitions to a ''wall'' greater than 609.6 mm (24") in height (a "High Wall"), and the ''wall'' || 2023-January-26 }} {{hilite | ''parapet'' higher than 609.6 mm (24") (a ''tall parapet'') || 2024-January-31 }} is specified as part of the ''Contractor’s'' scope of work,  
−
#{{hilite | Curbs must be designed so that they can be secured directly to the supporting deck structure, or to intermediate blocking. Curbs must not be situated on top of the roof system. || 2020-February-15 }}
+
<ol>
 +
<li>membranes {{strike| or water-resistive barrier materials || 2023-January-26 }} specified for {{strike| ''walls'' || 2023-January-26 }} {{hilite | {{strike| the vertical || 2023-June-15 }} surfaces of the ''wall'' above the primary roof membrane flashing {{hilite | and including the coping, || 2024-June-15 }} must conform to the requirements in || 2024-January-31 }}[[#10.2.1.1. Flashing Membranes | Article 10.2.1.1.]]{{strike| must be compatible with the roof membrane|| 2023-January-26 }}, and
 +
<li>additional mechanical securement shall conform to the requirements in this Part, or to the requirements of the ''manufacturer'', whichever is greater.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>All roof intersections with ''walls'' shall conform to the requirements in [[#10.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 10.1.3., "All Systems"]], and shall maintain ''continuity'' with the wall ''control layers'' for air, vapour, and water.
 +
<li>{{strike| ''Walls''|| 2023-January-26 }} {{hilite | ''Tall parapets'' with cavities must be designed with consideration for ventilation.|| 2024-January-31 }}
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
====<big>Drainage</big>====
+
===={{hilite | 10.1.4.4. Fire Separations || 2023-October-28 }}====
−
#The ''Design Authority'' is responsible for the design of roof drainage. The size (flow rate) of roof drains and overflows should be determined through the ''British Columbia Building Code'' and ''Plumbing Code'', with attention given to both average and large rainfall events. For rainfall capacities, refer to the ''British Columbia Building Code, Div. B, Appendix C, Table C-2'' which lists rainfall loads using specific reference locations throughout the province.  <span class="recommended">The RCABC recommends that various disciplines, including but not limited to mechanical (plumbing) and structural engineers, coordinate calculations to ensure proper flow rates, head pressure and structural supports, in anticipation of significant, short-duration rain events.  Consideration should be given to the following elements (without limitation)</span>:
+
{{hilite | (See Construction Detail || 2023-October-28 }} [[SBS_Fire_Separation_Joint | "SBS | Fire Separation Joint"]] and [[SBS_Fire_Separation_Wall | "SBS | Fire Separation Wall"]])
−
##<span class="recommended">Roof slope – more slope theoretically increases drainage and lessens live loading from rainfall</span> (see also '''2.2 Roof Slope''').
 
−
##<span class="recommended">Rainfall rates for primary and overflow drainage</span>.
 
−
##<span class="recommended">Primary and overflow drain capacities</span>.
 
−
##<span class="recommended">Hydraulic head (pressure)</span>.
 
−
#Roofs may drain off a roof edge or by means of internal plumbing.  Both are permissible under the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program'''''.
 
−
#When a roof is designed to drain off an edge, water may drain freely or be collected by means of an external or built-in gutter ('''12.2 Built-in Membrane Gutters''') and drained onto a lower roof assembly.  The membrane on the lower roof must be protected from abrasion with splash pads.
 
−
#When roofs are designed to drain through internal plumbing, the following standards, guiding principles and recommendations apply.
 
−
##<span class="recommended">Drain sumps should be incorporated into a roof design whenever possible, to increase head pressure above primary roof drains.  Drain sumps should be designed at least 1m x 1m (39” x 39”) in size.  The depth of a sump is a function of insulation thickness</span> (see '''7.1.2.10''').  <span class="recommended">Sumps designed with sloped insulation are strongly recommended</span>. 
 
−
##<span class="recommended">Drain sump durability may be enhanced by specifying additional reinforcement around the perimeter, using a reinforced 2-part liquid membrane</span>.
 
−
##<span class="recommended">New and existing buildings should incorporate overflows to handle large rain events</span>.  The primary function of an overflow is to keep a roof from collapsing when primary roof drains are plugged or cannot drain heavy rainfall. Where no overflows are specified, the building structure should be designed to carry the total load of water collected on the roof, in the event of the failure of roof drains (see ''British Columbia Building Code'').
 
−
##When overflows are specified, they must be
 
−
###located
 
−
####no higher than 100 mm (4”) above drain elevations.
 
−
####where the discharge of storm water will be visible.
 
−
###designed with an opening sufficient in size to equal or exceed the rate of rainfall.
 
−
###designed as open-wall scuppers for parapets measuring 150 mm (6”) or less in height (see [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php/SBS_Details:D1.7.8-5_Water_%26_Drainage_(Through-wall_Scupper) '''D1.7.8-5 Water & Drainage (Open Wall Scupper)''']).
 
−
###designed around the principles of a through-wall scupper, for parapets higher than 150 mm (6”) (see [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php/SBS_Details:D1.7.3-2_Edges_%26_Fascia_(Gravel_Stop) '''D1.7.32 Water & Drainage (Through-wall Scupper)''']).
 
−
##Overflows must incorporate a continuous flange surrounding the drain opening, measuring at least 100 mm (4”) in width, and may be manufactured from ferrous metals, subject to the ''Material'' standards for metal found in this '''Manual'''.
 
−
##Overflows are required for low doorway or low window details.  In these applications, the overflow must be installed at least 1” lower than the lowest elevation of the door or window opening.
 
−
##A scupper drain may serve either as a primary roof drain or as a secondary drain.
 
−
#<span class="principles">If a flow restrictor is present in an existing cast drain leader, the restrictor should be reinstalled</span>.
 
−
#<span class="principles">Drain extensions for cast-iron roof drains should be avoided, since the connection with the cast drain is not sealed; the result is a leak into the roof system</span>.
 
  
−
====<big>Curbs and Penetrations</big>====
+
<ol>
−
#Roof openings must be enclosed and sealed
+
<li>{{hilite | Fire separation walls and joints || 2023-October-28 }}
−
##with curbs.
+
<ol>
−
##penetration flashings.
+
<li>{{hilite | must be designed to conform to the “British Columbia Fire Code” and “British Columbia Building Code”, || 2023-October-28 }}
−
#{{hilite | Except where fully enveloped sleepers are incorporated in the design, all membrane flashing (stripping) must extend vertically on perimeter surfaces at least 200 mm (8") above the roof field membrane, to permit a proper watertight seal.  Where pavers, ballast, growing media or any other type of '''Roof Coverings''' are designed for placement on top of the field membrane, both membrane flashing and purpose-made penetration flashings must be carried vertically past the top surface of the covering (the '''Finished Roof Assembly''') at least 200 mm (8”). see '''11.1.2.1 Drainage'''; see also '''11.3.2.5 Scuppers and Overflows''') || 2020-February-15 }}
+
<li>{{hilite | shall incorporate non-combustible insulation where condensation control is desirable, and || 2023-October-28 }}
−
#{{hilite | Galvanized flashings and vents || 2020-February-15 }}
+
<li>{{hilite | shall specify the methods by which roofing materials will be affixed to the firewall (this includes the securement of linear metal flashings). || 2023-October-28 }}
−
##are permitted on uninsulated or conventionally insulated assemblies, provided
+
</li></ol>
−
###the base is coated (see '''11.3.3.1.(7.)(2).''').
+
</li></ol>
−
###the footprint of the flashing does not exceed 0.126 m2 (196 in.2).
 
−
##are not permitted at the water plane in a ''Protected'' or ''Modified Protected Membrane Roof Assembly''.  Instead, the penetration must be enclosed by a curb measuring at least 200 mm (8") in height above the finished roof surface; the galvanized or welded flashing may then be installed and flashed in on top of the curb.
 
−
##larger than 0.126 m2 (196 in.2) must be enclosed or supported by a curb.
 
−
#{{hilite | Aluminum or copper flashings for penetrations may be located at the water plane in any assembly type. || 2020-February-15 }}
 
−
#Reinforced liquid membrane flashing systems may be specified only where
 
−
##sheet membrane applications are not practicable (i.e. complex geometry).
 
−
##the top edge of membrane plies must be terminated on a vertical surface and other means of termination are not practicable or even possible.
 
−
#Roof penetration flashings must be
 
−
##suitable for only one penetration.
 
−
##properly fitted to form a seal around the penetration.
 
−
#Where a standard flashing is not tall enough to enclose and seal the penetration, the joint between the penetration and the flashing must be sealed with alternative methods.
 
−
#Sleepers or equipment pads that are completely sealed (enveloped) must be at least 100 mm (4") in height above the finished roof surface.  All penetrations through the top surface must be additionally sealed.
 
−
#Housekeeping pads situated on top of the finished roof surface and supporting a combined load less than 90 kg (200 lbs) must be separated from the roof with a bond-breaking layer (i.e. XPS insulation)  Housekeeping pads supporting larger loads must conform to the standards for sleepers or equipment pads.
 
−
#<span class="principles">When mechanical equipment that is ventilated on the roof extracts and discharges grease, chemicals or other contaminants that may adversely impact the roof membrane or other system components, the ''Design Authority'' should specify additional protection measures (for example, grease guards or a reinforced 2-part liquid membrane coating</span>).
 
−
#<span class="principles">Guardrails should be designed for attachment on vertical surfaces only; attach<span class="principles">ment of guardrails to a horizontal surface is strongly discouraged</span>.
 
−
#</span>Pourable sealant pockets should be used only as a last resort, when other flashing methods are impractical.
 
  
−
==Materials==
+
====10.1.4.5. Doors, Windows, and Wall Openings====
−
<div id=SBSSPUNDRAINMEMBRANE></div>
+
(Ref. Construction Detail [[SBS Low Door Opening | "Low Door Opening"]])
−
===General===
 
−
#Membranes used to flash (strip in) drains and penetrations shall be reinforced with polyester or a composite scrim, but in any event must conform to the membrane requirements found in '''9.2.1 Composition, Thickness and Selection'''.
 
−
<div id="SBSCASTDRAINMATERIALS"></div>
 
−
<div id=SBSSPUNDRAINMATERIALS></div>
 
−
<div id=SBSSSCUPPERMATERIALS></div>
 
  
−
===Roof Drains and Scuppers===
+
<ol>
−
<span class="reference">Roof drains are comprised mainly of two parts: a bowl or flange that is affixed to the roof deck with mechanical fasteners or a proprietary clamping mechanism; and an integral drain stem that connects the bowl or flange to the leader. Roof drains are sized according to the diameter of the drain stem.  As stated above under Design, the appropriate size and number of roof drains for any given roof area is determined by the relevant building code in force (ref. BCPC, Division B – Part 2; 2.4.10.4 Hydraulic Loads from Roofs or Paved Surfaces)</span>.
+
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | Rough openings formed or framed in walls to accommodate doors, windows, curtain-wall assemblies, or other penetrations (i.e., ventilation grilles), should be oversized to allow for the build-up of ''roof system'' flashing membrane || 2023-June-16 }}</span>.
 +
<li>Low-clearance openings (rough openings less than 203.2 mm (8") in height, measured from the ''finished roof system surface'')
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | should be avoided, particularly when designing a roof to support any type of ''overburden'' (i.e., a ''vegetated roof system'') || 2025-October-25 }}</span>, and
 +
<li><span class="recommended">are not recommended because of their propensity to leak</span> {{hilite | (a leak through a low opening is not covered by a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''') || 2025-October-25 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | When a low-clearance opening is unavoidable or specified (i.e., to comply with Code for level access and egress) || 2025-October-25 }},
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>the roof must be sloped away from the opening,
 +
<li>the rough opening shall not be less than 101.6 mm (4") above the ''drainage plane'' and must be waterproofed in keeping with the requirements in [[#10.3.4.5. Doors, Windows, and Wall Openings | Article 10.3.4.5.]],
 +
<li>the ''drainage plane'' must be free of obstructions and materials capable of displacing water,
 +
<li><span class="recommended">the low-clearance opening should be protected by an overhang wherever practical, to minimize water intrusion that occurs from wind-driven rain or from snow accumulation</span>, and
 +
<li>the opening must be protected by an ''overflow drain'',
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>situated on the same roof area as the low-clearance opening,
 +
<li>located at least 25.4 mm (1") below the elevation of the rough opening, and
 +
<li>conforming to the spacing and capacities required by the "National Plumbing Code of Canada", Division B, [https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/ft/?id=6e7cabf5-d83e-4efd-9a1c-6515fc7cdc71#%5B%7B%22num%22%3A310%2C%22gen%22%3A0%7D%2C%7B%22name%22%3A%22XYZ%22%7D%2Cnull%2C250%2Cnull%5D Article 2.4.10.4.] (See also [[#11.1.3.1. Principles of Design | Article 11.1.3.1., "Principles of Design"]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>When the building interior transitions to {{hilite | an accessible || 2025-October-25 }} {{strike| a patio or occupied || 2024-October-28 }} roof surface through a flush door opening,
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>the design shall conform to the requirements in this Part, and to [[#14.1.3.11. Wearing Surfaces | Article 14.1.3.11.]], and
 +
<li>{{hilite | the membrane installed over the rough opening sill must be protected from abrasion damage as described in || 2025-October-25 }} [[#10.3.4.5. Doors, Windows, and Wall Openings | {{hilite | Sentence 10.3.4.5.(6) || 2025-October-25 }}]] {{hilite | below || 2025-October-25 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
<span class="reference">Roof drains can be further classified as {{hilite | '''internal''' or '''external'''. '''Internal roof drains''' || 2020-February-15 }} are connected to leaders located and connected to a storm building drain or sewer inside the exterior surface of a building. {{hilite | Internal roof drains may be made of cast iron (secured to the roof assembly with clamps) or from copper or aluminum, fashioned from spun components that are welded together and incorporate a flange around the drain bowl.  '''External roof drains''' direct || 2020-February-15 }} storm water outside the exterior surface of a building.  {{hilite | Scuppers and overflow drains are the common types of external roof drains, and may connect to leaders or simply drain freely. || 2020-February-15 }} Any requirements for leaders and connections to leaders may be found in the applicable municipal and provincial building and plumbing codes (ref. ''BCBC, 5.6.2.2 Accumulation and Disposal'')</span>.
+
===10.1.5. Reserved===
−
#{{hilite | All flange-style drains must be manufactured with a hot-welded or seamless flange at least 100 mm (4”) wide when measured from the outer edge of the drain opening. || 2020-February-15 }}
+
==={{hilite | 10.1.6. Expansion and Control Joints|| 2024-October-20 }}===
−
#'''Cast-iron Roof Drains''' must be
+
(The requirements in [[#10.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 10.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)
−
##supplied with a sump receiver and under-deck clamp.
 
−
##installed by the trade supplying the roof drain.
 
−
#'''Lead flashings''', when specified, must be sized to extend past the drain bowl by at least 150 mm (6”), and must have a weight of at least 15 kg/m2 (3 lb/ft2).
 
−
#{{hilite | '''Internal flange-type roof drains''' || 2020-February-15 }} must be hot-welded at the joints between the bowl/flange and drain stem and shall be constructed of non-ferrous material:
 
−
##Copper drains for internal application shall be formed from a minimum weight of 24 oz. sheet copper {{hilite | (0.55 mm or 0.0216”) || 2020-February-15 }}.
 
−
##Aluminum drains for internal application shall be formed from a minimum of 12 gauge material {{hilite | (0.820 mm or 0.0325”) || 2020-February-15 }}.
 
−
#{{hilite | '''External flange-type roof drains''' || 2020-February-15 }} must be hot-welded at the joints between the bowl/flange and drain stem and shall be constructed of non-ferrous material:
 
−
##Copper drains for external application shall be formed from a minimum weight of 16 oz. sheet copper {{hilite | (0.55 mm or 0.0216”) || 2020-February-15 }}.
 
−
##Aluminum drains for external application shall be formed from a minimum of 20 gauge material {{hilite | (0.81 mm or 0.032”) || 2020-February-15 }}.
 
−
#Only mechanical compression type seals may be used to connect insert-type drains to internal drain leaders.
 
−
#'''Scupper drains (open or closed)''' must be
 
−
##manufactured with welded seams and joints.
 
−
##fabricated {{hilite | from || 2020-February-15 }}
 
−
###{{hilite | copper with a minimum weight of 16 oz. (0.55 mm or 0.0216"). || 2020-February-15 }}
 
−
###{{hilite | aluminum with a minimum thickness of 20 gauge (0.8.12 mm or 0.032"). || 2020-February-15 }}
 
−
##fabricated with a continuous flange surrounding the drain opening, measuring at least 100 mm (4”) in width.
 
−
##designed to extend past the outside face of the wall.
 
−
#'''Closed (boxed) scupper drains''' must be
 
−
##fabricated {{hilite | from || 2020-February-15 }}
 
−
###{{hilite | copper with a minimum weight of 16 oz. (0.55 mm or 0.0216"). || 2020-February-15 }}
 
−
###{{hilite | aluminum with a minimum thickness of 20 gauge (0.8.12 mm or 0.032"). || 2020-February-15 }}
 
−
##fully enclosed on four sides, for through-wall applications.
 
−
##fitted with an overflow opening at the outside face
 
−
###equal in capacity to the main drain leader opening.
 
−
###at least 38 mm (1 ½”) lower than the top surface of the scupper drain.
 
−
##fabricated with a drip edge at the bottom outside edge of the drain to deflect overflow water away from the building.
 
−
#{{hilite | Overflow drains must incorporate a continuous flange surrounding the drain opening, measuring at least 100 mm (4”) in width, and may be manufactured from ferrous metals, subject to the Material standards for metal found in this Manual. || 2020-February-15 }}  '''Pipe-styled overflow drains''' must be welded at the flange.
 
−
#All roof drains utilized in a roof assembly that includes gravel ballast or growing media (soil) must be supplied with the drain manufacturer's proprietary primary drain strainer and secondary stainless steel ballast guard.  In the absence of a proprietary ballast guard, a custom-fabricated guard may be used provided it meets the following requirements:
 
−
##Fabricated from 20-gauge stainless steel.
 
−
##Incorporates 6 mm (1/4”) perforations.
 
−
##Equal to or greater in height than the top of the finished roof assembly.
 
  
−
===Curbs and Penetration Flashings===
+
====10.1.6.1. Expansion Joints====
−
#All membrane-flashed roof flashings for cylindrical penetrations must be manufactured with materials and methods that meet or exceed the requirements set out in ''CSA B272, Prefabricated Self-Sealing Roof Vent Flashings''. Testing by a qualified third party is required to verify compliance with this standard.
+
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-10.1.6.1.| Note A-10.1.6.1.]]) {{strike| (See also [[#2.1.6.1. Expansion Joints | Article 2.1.6.1.]], and the application requirements in [[#10.3.6.1. Expansion Joints | Article 10.3.6.1.]]) || 2023-October-26 }}
−
#Notwithstanding the above, all penetration flashings must be
 
−
##watertight and seamless or, in the alternative, fabricated with fully hot-welded joints.
 
−
##at least 8" in height, from the flange to the opening or top of the flashing.
 
−
##fabricated with a hot-welded or seamless flange at least 100 mm (4") wide, around the bottom of the flashing.
 
−
##fabricated with a friction-fitted or mechanically attached settlement cap or lid (if so required).
 
−
#All plumbing vent flashings shall be non-ferrous.
 
−
#All BUR-type flashings must meet or exceed the ''CSA A93'' Standard, and may not be made with material less than 26 Ga. galvanized steel conforming to the metal standards found in '''13 METAL FLASHINGS''' of this '''Manual'''.
 
−
#Multiple roof penetrations, including grouped pipes and or cables, may be sealed into the roof assembly with
 
−
##purpose-made flashings utilizing the manufacturer’s proprietary rubber based friction seals, mechanical clamps or gooseneck type design.
 
−
##roof curbs and metal hoods.
 
−
#<span class="recommended">Penetration flashings should be selected for their ability to inhibit the intrusion of vermin and insects into the roof assembly and building interior</span>.
 
  
−
==Application==
+
<ol>
−
===General===
+
<li>The design and placement of structural ''expansion joints'' is the responsibility of the ''Design Authority'', but they must be considered wherever
−
With the exception of a few additions, the following may also be found in '''11.1.2 Design''':
+
<ol>
−
#When installing heat-welded membranes, or where construction sequencing requires it, alternatives to conventional membrane flashing should be considered.  Refer to '''11.3.3.2'''.
+
<li>expansion or contraction joints are provided in the structural assembly,
−
#All membrane flashing must be hand rolled with a membrane manufacturer’s accepted roller.
+
<li>differential movement between structural components may occur (i.e., where a wall and the deck are separately supported, or
−
#All inside and outside corners of membrane-flashed penetrations and drainage sumps must be reinforced with membrane gussets, measuring at least 100 mm x 150 mm (4” x 6”), excluding the tapered ends.
+
<li>seismic movement is anticipated.
−
#Reinforced liquid membrane flashing systems may be specified only where
+
</li></ol>
−
##sheet membrane applications are not practicable (i.e. complex geometry).
+
<li>The location of ''expansion joints'' must be clearly indicated on the drawings, drawn in detail, and included in the specifications.
−
##the top edge of membrane plies must be terminated on a vertical surface and other means of termination are not practicable or even possible.
+
<li>{{hilite | ''Expansion joints'' must be designed as a divided, raised structure, to achieve a minimum height of 203.2 mm (8"), measured from the ''finished roof system surface''|| 2023-June-16 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | The ''expansion joint'' assembly, which permits movement between the two sides of the ''expansion joint'' structure,|| 2024-June-15 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | shall be the work of others unless specified as part of the ''Contractor's'' scope of work || 2024-June-15 }} (Ref. Construction Detail [[SBS Expansion Joint (Field) | "Expansion Joint (Field)"]]),
 +
<li>{{hilite | shall be located at the high point of the ''drainage plane'' (the direction of drainage must be away from an ''expansion joint''), {{strike| and || 2023-October-26 }} || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | shall not be used as a pathway for drainage, either through or over the ''expansion joint'' assembly, || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
<li>must be designed as a raised divider that incorporates a sloped top surface,
 +
<li>may utilize an elastomeric expansion system (see {{strike| [[#10.1.6.1. Expansion Joints | Article 10.1.6.1.]] and || 2023-October-26 }} [[#10.3.6.1. Expansion Joints | Article 10.3.6.1.]]), and
 +
<li>must have a designed height no less than 203.2 mm (8") when measured from the ''finished roof system surface''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>The minimum height of an ''expansion joint'' may be reduced to 127 mm (5") if the primary roof membrane flashing is {{strike| fully supported and sealed over the top || 2023-October-26 }} {{hilite | sealed to a self-supporting purpose-made elastomeric ''expansion joint'' system || 2024-October-20 }}.
 +
<li>Proprietary elastomeric ''expansion joint'' systems, provided by others and manufactured with an EPDM-based core and flanges that can be ''fully bonded'' to the primary membrane, are not covered by a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' (unless expressly accepted by the '''''Guarantor''''' and listed in [[Division_C | Division C]]) but may be incorporated as part of the roof system provided the elastomeric ''expansion joint'' system is
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>specified for installation on a divided, raised structure,
 +
<li>specified for installation at least 203.2 mm (8") above the ''finished roof system surface'',
 +
<li>compatible with the roof membrane and acceptable to the ''manufacturer'',
 +
<li>designed and manufactured to accommodate building movements of at least 500% elongation at -40°C (-40°F) across its length and at all vulcanized points,
 +
<li>factory-fabricated by means of vulcanization,
 +
<li>manufactured as one piece, complete with all joints, details, and connections, and
 +
<li>completely protected from damage with sloped ''linear metal flashing''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
===Roof Drains===
+
====10.1.6.2. Control Joints (Roof Dividers)====
−
====<big>General</big>====
+
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-10.1.6.2. | Note A-10.1.6.2.]]; also see [[#10.3.6.2. Control Joints (Roof Dividers) | Article 10.3.6.2.]])
−
#Roof drains and cap membrane seams must be offset from each other at least 300 mm (12”), measured from the edge of the drain.
 
−
#All insert-type drains shall be connected to internal leaders using only mechanical compression type seals. “O”- rings, mastics and caulking are not acceptable methods for sealing these types of drains to leaders.  
 
−
#When a 2-part liquid membrane flashing is specified for reinforcement of drain sumps, the liquid membrane flashing must continuously cover the sides of the sump, overlapping both the sump bottom and the roof field by at least 100 mm (4”).
 
−
<div id="SBSCASTDRAINS"></div>
 
−
====<big>Cast-iron Roof Drains</big>====
 
−
#When cast-iron roof drains are used, a sump receiver and under-deck clamp must be provided and installed by the trade supplying the roof drain.
 
−
#All cast-iron roof drains must be flashed in accordance with the membrane manufacturer's published instructions, or to the following standards, whichever are greater:
 
−
##Roof drain and clamping rings must be new or clean and unbroken.
 
−
##All roof assembly components, including tapered insulation, must be cut to fit closely around the drain bowl and leader. 
 
−
##Ensure the continuity of air and vapour control layers, where specified.
 
−
##Ensure the field base membrane neatly fits around the outside edge of the cast drain flange.
 
−
#<span class="principles">Drain extensions for cast-iron roof drains should be avoided</span>.
 
−
#<span class="principles">Notwithstanding the above, if a flow restrictor is present in an existing cast drain leader, the restrictor should be reinstalled</span>.
 
−
#Cast-iron drains installed with '''lead flashing''':
 
−
##The base field membrane must be prepared to receive a coat of mastic.  Follow the membrane manufacturer’s published instructions.
 
−
##A membrane-compatible mastic must be applied to the field membrane, and to the drain flange.
 
−
##The lead flashing must be centred over the drain body.
 
−
##The lead flashing must extend inside drain bowl at least 25 mm (1"). Ensure the lead is moulded to conform to the contours of the drain bowl.
 
−
##A reinforcement membrane patch of modified bituminous base sheet material 3 mm or more in thickness must be applied over the lead flashing and onto the field base membrane, ensuring a full bond between the two.  The patch must be at least 1m x 1m (39” x 39”) and extend at least 150 mm (6”) past the outside edge of the lead flashing. <span class="principles">Continuous visible bleed-out of bitumen around all edges of the patch should be achieved</span>.
 
−
##The cap field membrane must be installed according to the General standards for field membranes (See '''9.1'''). The membrane must extend past the inside edge of the drain bowl. Refer to '''9 FIELD MEMBRANE''' in this '''Manual'''.
 
−
##The clamping ring must be seated and secured, ensuring it is not broken.
 
−
##The drain screen must be securely installed.
 
−
#Cast-iron drains installed with '''membrane flashing''':
 
−
##The base field membrane must be prepared to receive a reinforcement membrane patch. Follow the membrane manufacturer’s published instructions.
 
−
##The drain flange must be primed with the membrane manufacturer’s accepted primer.
 
−
##A reinforcement membrane patch of modified bituminous base sheet material 3 mm or more in thickness must be applied over the drain flange and onto the roof field. The patch must be at least 1m x 1m (39” x 39”) and extend at least 150 mm (6”) past the outside edge of the drain body. <span class="principles">Continuous visible bleed-out of bitumen around all edges of the patch should be achieved</span>.
 
−
##The membrane patch must be trimmed to the inside edge of the drain bowl.
 
−
##The cap field membrane must be installed according to the General standards for field membranes (See '''9.1''').  The membrane must extend past the inside edge of the drain bowl.  Refer to '''9 FIELD MEMBRANE''' in this '''Manual'''.
 
−
##The clamping ring must be seated and secured, ensuring it is not broken.
 
−
##The drain screen must be securely installed.
 
  
−
====<big>Roof Drain Inserts (Replacement Roofing)</big>====
+
<ol>
−
#An external coupling is preferable to an internal mechanical compression seal, but when an internal compression seal is used out of necessity, the joint must be properly prepared to ensure the joined surfaces are clean, smooth and uniform. Honing out the cast pipe may be required.
+
<li>The ''Design Authority'' is responsible
−
#When a cast-iron roof drain has deteriorated to the extent that it cannot receive a new roof membrane, installation must conform to the membrane manufacturer's published instructions, or to the following standards, whichever are greater:
+
<ol>
−
##Remove any broken parts and debris.
+
<li>to determine the need for ''control joints'' (roof dividers), and
−
##Install the drain insert utilizing a compression seal (see '''11.3.2.1 General''').
+
<li>to specify their location and design.
−
##Follow the requirements set out in '''13.3.2.4''' below.
+
</li></ol>
−
<div id=SBSSPUNDRAININSTALL></div>
+
{{strike| <li><span class="principles">The use of ''control joints'' (roof dividers) should be evaluated using the criteria in [[#10.1.6.2. Control Joints (Roof Dividers) | Article 10.1.6.2.]]</span> || 2024-October-26 }}
 +
<li>The ''Design Authority'' must consider specifying ''control joints''
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>when a single roof area exceed 61 m (approx. 200’) in length and the membrane is limited in its flexibility (consult the manufacturer for their recommendations),
 +
<li>for buildings in climate zones with significant seasonal temperature swings,
 +
<li>where an addition joins an existing building,
 +
<li>where the deck type changes (i.e., steel transitions to wood),
 +
<li>where insulation in the ''roof system'' changes thickness,
 +
<li>where the ''roof deck'' changes in elevation, and
 +
<li>when interior heating conditions change.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li><span class="principles">Specified and detailed ''control joints'' should be located at the high points of the roof, so that water drains away from both sides of the divider and is not impeded by it</span>.
 +
<li>''Control joints'' must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>constructed as a raised divider,
 +
<li>sloped on the top face,
 +
<li>{{hilite | fabricated with a minimum height of 203.2 mm (8"), measured from the ''finished roof system surface'', but this may be reduced to a height of 101.6 mm (4”) if the ''control joint'' is fully enveloped in no fewer than two plies of sheet membrane flashing, or to 127 mm (5”) if capped with linear metal flashing (Ref. || 2023-October-28 }} [[#12.1.3.4. Curbs, Sleepers, and Equipment Pads | Article 12.1.3.4.]] {{hilite | concerning sleepers) || 2023-October-28 }}, and
 +
<li>waterproofed in keeping the requirements in [[#10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls | Article 10.3.2.3.]], together with the ''manufacturer’s'' published specifications for the detail.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
{{strike| <li>New and existing ''control joints'' may be no less than 127 mm (5"), provided the ''control joint'' is fully enveloped in sheet membrane flashing. || 2022-October-28 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | Unless otherwise approved by the '''''Guarantor''''', ''control joints'' must be specified to divide a new ''roof system'' (addition) from existing ''roof systems'' || 2023-June-16 }} (Ref. [[#1.1.4.5. Tie-ins, Additions, and Alterations to Existing Roofing | Article 1.1.4.5.]]).
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
====<big>Flange-type Roof Drains</big>====
+
==={{hilite | 10.1.7. Intersections with Other Roof Systems|| 2021-October-30 }}===
−
#Flange-type roof drains must be installed after the primary field base membrane has been fully installed.
+
(The requirements in [[#10.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 10.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)
−
#The drain flange must be
 
−
##embedded in a continuous trowelled bed of mastic, applied to a prepared base membrane, and compatible with it.
 
−
##secured to the supporting deck structure or intermediate blocking. Mechanical fasteners used for this purpose must be self-drilling purpose-made screws having a deep-recessed head.
 
−
#Drain flanges must be pre-primed before installation of the reinforcement membrane patch.
 
−
#All flanged drains must be sealed to the field base membrane with a reinforcement membrane patch 3 mm or more in thickness, cut large enough to extend past the drain flange by at least 150 mm (6”), and sealed onto the flange and the field base membrane.
 
−
#The membrane patch must be cut to terminate on the flange, and must be aligned with the base field membrane runs, or oriented 45-degrees to the base field membrane.  <span class="principles">Continuous visible bleed-out of bitumen along all edges of the patch should be achieved</span>.
 
−
#The cap membrane must overlap the base membrane patch, and terminate on the flange at the bowl.
 
  
−
====<big>Scuppers and Overflows</big>====
+
====10.1.7.1. Intersections with Water-shedding Roofs====
−
#'''Open scupper drains''' may be constructed to match the height of the parapet or roof edge, and must be fully sealed with the field and perimeter membrane flashing.  
 
−
#When a '''through-wall scupper''' is specified, only fully enclosed scupper drains (enclosed on all sides and open only at the inflow and outflow ends) may be installed.
 
−
#'''Overflow drains''' and '''roof scuppers''' that are installed through walls may be installed no closer than 200 mm (8") to
 
−
##a roof drain.
 
−
##any protrusion and its flashing.
 
−
#'''Scuppers and overflows''' must be
 
−
##embedded in a layer of trowelled membrane-compatible mastic.
 
−
##primed on exposed flanges to receive membrane flashing.
 
−
##secured to the wall.  Mechanical fasteners used for this purpose must be self-drilling purpose-made screws having a deep-recessed head.
 
−
##sealed to the roof assembly with membrane flashing plies that overlap the flanges at least 100 mm (4”), and extend onto the surrounding field or perimeter base membrane by at least 150 mm (6").
 
−
##flashed with cap membrane that overlaps the base and terminates on the flange.   
 
−
#Clamping collars must be securely installed as designed and where specified.
 
−
<div id="SBSCURB"></div>
 
−
<div id="SBSEXPANSION2"></div>
 
−
<div id=SBSSTRIPFLASH></div>
 
−
<div id="SBSPENETRATIONFLASHING"></div>
 
  
−
===Curbs and Penetration Flashings===
 
−
====<big>General</big>====
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>Penetration flashings must be located at least 200 mm (8”) away from any adjacent drain, penetration, upstand, edge or wall. The separation space is measured between openings, excluding the flange.
+
<li>Intersections with water-shedding roofs must be designed according to the requirements in [[#10.3.7.2. Intersections with Water-Shedding Roofs | Article 10.3.7.2.]]
−
<li>Roof openings must be enclosed and sealed with either of the following:
+
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====10.1.7.2. Intersections with Membrane Gutters====
 +
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>curbs.
+
<li>Refer to [[#11.1.4.3. Membrane Gutters | Article 11.1.4.3.]]
−
<li>penetration flashings.</ol></li>
+
</li></ol>
−
Curbs and penetration flashings must extend at least 200 mm (8”) above the finished surface of the roof assembly. Waterproofing of equipment installed on a curb is the responsibility of others.
+
 
−
<li>Curbs:
+
===10.1.8. Alternative Approaches for Membrane Flashing===
 +
(The requirements in [[#10.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 10.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)
 +
 
 +
====10.1.8.1. Specifying Hazard-reduction Strategies====
 +
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>Membrane base flashing plies must lap onto the field base membrane by at least 100 mm (4"), or extend at least 50 mm (2") past perimeter mechanical fastener plates installed on the field, whichever is greater.
+
<li><span class="principles">The ''Design Authority'' should consider alternatives to heat-applied materials when the application process involves Hot Work</span> (Ref. [[#1.1.3.5. Hot Works | Article 1.1.3.5.]]) <span class="principles">and the substrate to which they will be applied is combustible, or when nearby structures, openings, or materials, present a fire hazard; in the alternative, choose a suitable separation or overlay material as protection from open flame</span>.
−
<li>Membrane cap flashing plies must lap onto the field cap membrane at least 50 mm (2") past the end of base membrane flashing plies.</ol></li>
+
<li>Self-adhering or adhesive-applied membranes as alternatives to heat-applied membranes are acceptable to the '''''Guarantor''''' and must also be acceptable to the ''manufacturer''.
−
<li>Reinforced liquid membrane flashing systems may be employed only where
+
<li>The application of materials to a combustible surface, using a torch, is strictly prohibited (Refer to [[#10.3.8. Alternative Approaches to Sheet Membrane Flashing | Sub-section 10.3.8., "Alternative Approaches to Sheet Membrane Flashing"]], for application requirements).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
==Section 10.2. Materials==
 +
(See [[Division_C | Division C, "Accepted Materials"]])
 +
 
 +
===10.2.1. Material Properties===
 +
====10.2.1.1. Flashing Membranes====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Sheet membranes used {{strike| to flash parapets, curbs, walls, or joints || 2023-January-26 }} {{hilite | to flash the intersection of the roof field and perimeter walls || 2024-January-31 }} must conform to the membrane requirements found in [[#9.2.1.1. Membrane Composition, Thickness, and Selection | Article 9.2.1.1.]]
 +
<li>{{strike| Sheet membranes used to waterproof || 2023-January-26 }} When waterproofing {{strike| the vertical plane of || 2023-June-15 }} a {{strike| "High Wall" || 2023-January-26 }} {{hilite | ''tall parapet'' above the primary membrane ''roof system'' is specified as part of the ''Contractor's'' scope of work|| 2024-January-31 }}  (Ref. [[#10.1.4.3. Tall Parapets | Article 10.1.4.3.]] and [[#10.3.4.3. Tall Parapets | Article 10.3.4.3.]]), {{hilite | the membrane {{strike| used on the vertical plane of the ''parapet'' || 2023-June-15 }} shall || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{strike| must || 2023-January-26 }} be compatible with the primary membrane,
 +
<li>{{strike| must || 2023-January-26 }} be self-adhering,
 +
<li>{{strike| shall || 2023-January-26 }} be declared suitable {{hilite | for the application || 2024-January-31 }} by the ''manufacturer'' {{hilite | (see || 2024-January-31 }} [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-10.2.1.1.(2)(3) | Note A-10.2.1.1.(2)(3)]]),
 +
<li>{{strike| shall || 2023-January-26 }} possess properties consistent with the design and characteristics of the ''wall'' assembly,
 +
<li>{{strike| must || 2023-January-26 }} possess a high softening point and a minimum flow temperature of 87.7°C (190°F) (ASTM D5147, "Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Modified Bituminous Sheet Material") and
 +
<li>{{strike| shall|| 2023-January-26 }} have a thickness no less than 1 mm (.040”).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li><span class="principles">Some membranes may be susceptible to damage from bird droppings, pet urine, and chemical contamination (oils, solvents, or any discharge from a mechanical unit), and therefore they should be protected using measures designed in consultation with the ''manufacturer''</span>.
 +
<li>{{hilite |Fleece-reinforced liquid membrane flashing systems must be accepted by the '''''Guarantor''''' and proprietary to, or accepted by, the ''manufacturer''.|| 2021-October-30 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====10.2.1.2. Linear Metal Flashing====
 +
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>sheet membrane applications are not practicable.
+
<li>{{hilite | ''Linear metal flashing'' incorporated into roof perimeters and walls must conform to the materials and fabrication requirements in [[#Part 13 - Linear Metal Flashing | Part 13, "Linear Metal Flashing"]]|| 2020-July-3 }}.
−
<li>the top edge of membrane plies must be terminated on a vertical surface and other means of termination are not practicable or even possible.</ol></li>
+
</li></ol>
−
See also '''11.3.3.3 Liquid Flashing''' below.<div id="SBSSETTLEMENT"></div>
+
 
−
<li>Roof penetration flashings must
+
====10.2.1.3. Reserved====
 +
====10.2.1.4. Sealants====
 +
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>be suitable for only one penetration.
+
<li>{{hilite | Sealants applied to ''linear metal flashing'', where sheet membrane flashing is terminated, shall conform to the requirements in || 2023-June-16 }} [[#13.2.1.4. Sealants | Article 13.2.1.4.]]
−
<li>be properly fitted to form or permit a seal around the penetration.
+
</li></ol>
−
<li>incorporate properly fitted settlement caps (where applicable).
+
 
−
<li>not be used with multiple pipe roof penetrations.</ol></li>
+
===10.2.2. Securement Materials===
−
<li>{{hilite | Except where fully enveloped sleepers are incorporated in the design, all membrane flashing (stripping) must extend vertically on perimeter surfaces at least 200 mm (8") above the roof field membrane, to permit a proper watertight seal.  Where pavers, ballast, growing media or any other type of '''Roof Coverings''' are designed for placement on top of the field membrane, both membrane flashing and purpose-made penetration flashings must be carried vertically past the top surface of the covering (the '''Finished Roof Assembly''') at least 200 mm (8”). see '''11.1.2.1 Drainage'''; see also '''11.3.2.5 Scuppers and Overflows''') || 2020-February-15 }}
+
====10.2.2.1. Fasteners====
−
<li>Where a standard flashing does not fit the penetration, the joint between the penetration and the flashing must be sealed using one of the following methods:
+
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>Fit a site-formed non-bituminous flexible roof membrane storm collar and secure it to the flashing and penetration with stainless steel clamps.
+
<li>{{hilite |Where fasteners are used in the roof system|| 2020-July-3 }}
−
<li>Apply a shrink-wrapped terminations secured with a stainless steel mechanical compression strap.
 
−
Regardless of the method, sealant must be applied between the penetration and the collar or shrink-wrapping.</ol></li>
 
−
<li>Galvanized, hot-welded flashings and vents may be installed on
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>exposed or conventionally-placed membrane roofs, provided the vents
+
<li>to secure waterproofing materials, they shall conform to the requirements in [[#3.2.2.1. Fasteners | Article 3.2.2.1.]]
 +
<li>to secure ''linear metal flashings'', they shall conform to the requirements in [[#13.2.1.4. Sealants | Article 13.2.1.4.]]
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
==Section 10.3. Application==
 +
===10.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
 +
====10.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
 +
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>measure no more than 350 mm x 350 mm (14" x 14") in size, equal to approximately 0.12 meter squared (196 sq. in.) (Larger vents must be installed on curbs).
+
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
−
<li>are not located in or near a valley and are well drained.</ol></li>
+
</li></ol>
−
<li>slopes less than 1:50 (1/4” in 12”), provided the vents are coated on all surfaces to a point at least 100 mm (4") above the finished roof surface with a one or two-part liquid flashing acceptable to the membrane manufacturer.
+
 
−
<li>''Protected'' or ''Modified Protected Membrane Roof Assemblies'', provided the vents are mounted on membrane-flashed curbs.</ol></li>
+
====10.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====
−
<li>Non-ferrous penetration flashings and vents may be located at the water plane in any assembly type. The use of lead jack flashings is not permitted for use with torch-applied membranes.
+
 
−
<li>Flashings with flanges must be installed after the field base membrane and
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>embedded in mastic.
+
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee'''''.
−
<li>securely fastened to the supporting deck structure or intermediate blocking.
+
</li></ol>
−
<li>sealed to the base field membrane with a target patch that is
+
 
 +
===10.3.2. All Systems===
 +
====10.3.2.1. Substrate Preparation====
 +
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>cut from a base membrane.
+
<li>All wall surfaces to which roofing materials must be installed (including Concrete Masonry Unit (CMU)) shall be
−
<li>a single piece or, when the penetration is large, two pieces that must be joined with laps at least 150 mm (6”) in width.
 
−
<li>applied to a primed flashing flange.
 
−
<li>extending
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>to the base of the flashing upstand.
+
<li>prepared in like manner to the ''roof deck'' (Ref. [[#9.3.2.1. Preparation of Substrate | Article 9.3.2.1.]]) and declared suitable by the ''manufacturer'', or
−
<li>onto the roof field, by at least 100 mm (4”).</ol></li>
+
<li>covered with a RoofStar-accepted overlay panel conforming to the material requirements in [[#5.2.1.3. Overlays for Walls | Article 5.2.1.3.]] and installed to conform to [[#5.3.2.5. Support, Arrangement, and Securement of Wall Overlays | Article 5.3.2.5.]]
−
<li>aligned with the base field membrane runs, or oriented 45-degrees to the base field membrane.</ol></li>
+
</li></ol>
−
<li>covered with cap membrane that terminates on the water plane at the base of a penetration flashing, and is sealed along the cut edge of the membrane with a compatible mastic embedded with granules.
+
</li></ol>
−
<li><span class="principles">should show continuous visible bleed-out of bitumen along all edges of the patch</span>.</ol></li>
 
−
<li>Sleepers or equipment pads that are completely sealed (enveloped) must be at least 100 mm (4") in height above the finished roof surface. All penetrations through the top surface must be additionally sealed.
 
−
<li>Housekeeping pads situated on top of the finished roof surface and supporting a combined load less than 90 kg (200 lbs) must be separated from the roof with a bond-breaking layer (i.e. XPS insulation). Housekeeping pads supporting larger loads must conform to the standards for sleepers or equipment pads ('''11.1.2.2.7''').
 
−
<li><span class="principles">Pourable sealant pockets should be used only when a purpose-made flashing is not available or practicable</span>.</ol></li>
 
−
<div id=SBSDRAINSALT></div>
 
  
−
====<big>Alternative Approaches to Membrane Flashing</big>====
+
====10.3.2.2. Material Preparation====
−
#When field membranes or flashing plies are heat-welded, or if required by construction sequencing, site personnel must assess the best approach.
 
−
#The ''Project'' design and installation may incorporate one or more of the following alternatives to conventional membrane flashing methods:
 
−
##Curbs – see '''10.3.3 Alternative Approaches to Membrane Flashing''' for two optional methods.
 
−
##Other Penetrations:
 
−
###Before installing the base field membrane, a self-adhering or adhesive-applied base membrane flashing (“pre-flashing”), measuring at least 1m x 1m (39” x 39”), must be installed and centered around the penetration, on a suitable roof field substrate.   The pre-flashing membrane must be cut to fit tightly around the penetration flashing.
 
−
###The base field membrane, which may be torch-applied, must be installed and tied into the pre-flashing (target patch), overlapping the patch by at least 150 mm (6”).
 
−
###The application standards for flashings with flanges must then be followed (see '''11.3.3.1 General''').
 
−
<div id="SBSLIQUIDDETAILS"></div>
 
  
−
====<big>Liquid Membrane Flashing</big>====
+
<ol>
−
#A reinforced liquid membrane flashing may be used where
+
<li>Membrane flashing shall be prepared following the ''manufacturer's'' published requirements.
−
##sheet membrane flashing may not be practical or even possible.
+
</li></ol>
−
##the termination of sheet membrane flashing cannot be covered with metal flashing.
 
−
#The following standards pertain to the application of these materials:
 
−
##Use only liquid membrane flashings that are compatible with the primary membrane.
 
−
##Ensure proper preparation of the substrate, which must be clean, dry and free of contaminants.  Preparation must follow the published procedures published by the flashing manufacturer.
 
−
##Liquid membranes must be applied with clean, straight, plumb edges.  Therefore, mask the boundaries of areas to which liquid membrane will be applied, ensuring adequate coverage on all surfaces.
 
−
##For all applications,
 
−
###prime the substrate above the sheet membrane flashing, as directed by the manufacturer of the 2-part liquid membrane flashing system.
 
−
###apply a base layer of catalyzed liquid membrane resin within the area masked for coverage.
 
−
###reinforce the base coating with the manufacturer’s fleece, and cut it to size so that the fleece is set in from the masked area no more than 3 mm (1/8”).
 
−
###ensure the fleece is fully saturated with the liquid membrane, following the published instructions from the manufacturer.
 
−
###coat the fleece with a second application of catalyzed liquid membrane resin, covering the masked area.
 
−
##On vertical membrane terminations, apply the liquid membrane to provide no less than 50 mm (2") coverage, both above and below the sheet membrane termination.
 
−
##For use as a substitute for sheet membrane flashing, the reinforced liquid membrane flashing system must extend 200 mm (8”) both vertically and onto the field membrane.
 
−
##Application rates and guidelines issued by the manufacturer of the liquid membrane flashing product must be followed, unless superseded by these Standards.
 
−
<div id=SBSGUM></div>
 
  
−
====<big>Sealant Pockets</big>====
+
====10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls====
−
#<span class="recommended">Sealing penetration flashings with sheet membranes or reinforced liquid membrane flashing should be considered impractical before pourable sealant pockets are used</span>.
 
−
#When pourable sealant pockets are considered the last resort to seal a penetration,
 
−
##the penetration surfaces must be properly prepared following the sealant manufacturer’s instructions.
 
−
##only the membrane manufacturer’s approved proprietary UV-stable urethane-based structural sealants may be used to fill sealant pockets.
 
−
##sealant pockets must be sealed to the roof membrane.
 
−
##a site-formed non-bituminous flexible roof membrane storm collar must be fitted and secure it to the penetration with stainless steel clamps.
 
  
−
===Guardrails===
+
<ol>
−
#<span class="principles">Guardrails should be installed only on vertical surfaces; attachment of guardrails to a horizontal surface is strongly discouraged</span>.
+
<li>All changes in plane in the ''roof assembly'' must be waterproofed with a material acceptable to the '''''Guarantor'''''.
−
#Where guardrails are fastened through the top of copings, the base of the guardrail shall be flashed with a compatible reinforced membrane flashing material, applied according to the primary membrane flashing manufacturer’s specifications.  
+
<li>''Projects'' must follow proper sequencing so that materials, ''systems'', or ''assemblies'', installed by the ''Contractor'' correctly interface with materials, ''systems'', or ''assemblies'' installed by other trades, to establish or preserve ''continuity'' and ensure positive waterproofing connections (overlapping, “shingle fashion”).
−
#Guardrails shall not direct water into a roof system by means of weep holes or the method of fastening, and mounts and flashings shall be installed at least 87.7 mm (3 ½”) above the roof surface.  
+
<li>When coordination with other trades requires some adaptation to the requirements in this Standard, any variance to proper detail sequencing must be approved in writing by the ''Design Authority''.
 +
<li>{{hilite | All sheet membrane flashing must {{strike| be installed to conform to the ''manufacturer's'' published instructions, and must || 2022-October-13 }}|| 2021-October-30 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | satisfy the minimum requirements in || 2023-October-28 }} [[#9.2.1.1. Membrane Composition, Thickness, and Selection | Article 9.2.1.1.]],
 +
<li>{{hilite | be {{hilite | ''fully bonded'' || 2024-January-31 }} {{hilite | to the field membrane and to an acceptable perimeter substrate, || 2023-October-28 }}|| 2021-October-30 }}
 +
<li>be installed to conform to the ''manufacturer's'' published instructions,
 +
<li>{{hilite | be installed in strips the width of the membrane roll (the machine direction of the membrane must be oriented vertically); the exception to this may be membranes installed with hot bitumen || 2023-October-28 }} (See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-10.3.2.3.(4) | Note A-10.3.2.3.(4)]]),
 +
<li>be installed from the low point of the roof (for positive laps toward the drain),
 +
<li>offset field membrane runs by at least 304.8 mm (12"),
 +
<li>{{hilite | provide at least 203.2 mm (8") of two-ply coverage on a vertical surface, immediately above the|| 2021-October-30 }} ''finished roof system surface'',
 +
<li>{{hilite | be installed without fish-mouths or wrinkles|| 2021-October-30 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | be hand-rolled with a ''manufacturer’s'' accepted roller and ''fully bonded'' to an acceptable, prepared substrate|| 2021-October-30 }},
 +
<li>be reinforced at all inside and outside corners with membrane gussets, measuring at least 101.6 mm x 152.4 mm (4” x 6”), excluding the tapered ends,
 +
<li>wrap onto the outside face of a parapet or roof edge, and extend downward to overlap any cold joint by at least 50.8 mm (2”),
 +
<li>overlap any wall membranes or finishes by at least 50.8 mm (2”), and {{hilite | shall || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
<li>underlap any wall membranes or finishes by at least 76.2 mm (3").
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Base sheet membrane flashing plies shall|| 2021-October-30 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | extend onto the field by at least 101.6 mm (4") or extend at least 101.6 mm (4") past perimeter mechanical fastener plates installed on the field|| 2021-October-30 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | be ''fully bonded'' at the seams, along all exposed edges|| 2021-October-23 }},
 +
{{strike| <li>{{hilite | be carried up vertical surfaces at least 204.8 mm (8") above the ''finished roof system surface'', but shall be carried vertically at least 304.8 mm (12") when air, vapour, or water control systems in ''wall assemblies'' are present or specified, to permit sufficient positive ''continuity'', || 2023-June-16 }} || 2022-October-28 }} and
 +
<li>{{hilite | be finished and “buttered” before the end of the working day, with a torch or hot-air welder|| 2021-October-30 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Cap sheet membrane flashing plies must|| 2021-October-30 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | extend onto the field at least 152.4 mm (6"), or at least 50.8 mm (2”) past the edge of the base membrane flashing|| 2021-October-30 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | be ''fully bonded'' at the seams, along all exposed edges|| 2021-October-30 }}, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | exhibit continuous visible bitumen bleed-out along seam edges, to a maximum of 6.35 mm (1/4”), accomplished with a torch or hot-air welder|| 2021-October-30 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>When sheet membrane flashing is carried up a vertical surface more than 606.9 mm (24"), and the membrane will be left exposed to the weather, the membrane {{hilite | shall be mechanically secured to the roof-side face of the ''wall'' at a reasonable interval between the roof field and the upper termination of the membrane.|| 2021-October-22 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | When mechanical securement of membrane flashing is required, it shall be fastened only on the vertical plane to minimize the possibility of leaks. || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | Low-clearance openings in walls (rough openings less than 203.2 mm (8") in height, measured from the ''finished roof system surface'') are permissible provided they conform to the requirements in [[#10.3.4.5. Doors, Windows, and Wall Openings | Article 10.3.4.5.]]|| 2021-October-30 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | The upper termination of sheet membrane installed on the vertical plane must be protected from damage, and from water intrusion, || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | with linear metal flashing installed in keeping with || 2023-June-16 }} [[#13.3.2.1. General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing | Article 13.3.2.1., "General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing"]], or
 +
<li>{{hilite | with a wall finish installed by others. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite |When sheet membrane flashing is terminated on a vertical surface, it must be secured at its upper termination using|| 2021-October-30 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | '''Option 1''' ({{hilite | '''Figure 10.3.2.3.-A''' || 2025-October-25 }}), in which the upper edges of fully adhered sheet membrane flashing plies shall be protected and secured with overlapping adhered or self-adhered ''wall'' membranes and exterior sheathing|| 2021-October-30 }},
 +
<li>'''Option 2''' ({{hilite | '''Figure 10.3.2.3.-B''' || 2025-October-25 }}), where the upper edges of fully adhered sheet membrane flashing plies must be {{hilite |sealed, and mechanically secured to the wall substrate, with a RoofStar-accepted reinforced <u>2-component</u> catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) liquid membrane flashing (Ref. [[#10.3.3.4. Liquid Membrane Flashing | Article 10.3.3.4., "Liquid Membrane Flashing"]])|| 2021-October-30 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | '''Option 3''' ({{hilite | '''Figure 10.3.2.3.-C''' || 2025-October-25 }}), where|| 2021-October-30 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>the upper edges of fully adhered sheet membrane flashing plies shall be mechanically secured to the wall with a termination bar,
 +
<li>an acceptable sealant shall be applied along the upper edge of the termination bar,
 +
<li>the sealed termination bar shall be covered with a secondary linear metal counter-flashing installed in a cut reglet (groove), and
 +
<li>an acceptable sealant shall be applied along the upper edge of the cut reglet flashing,
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | '''Option 4''' ({{hilite | '''Figure 10.3.2.3.-D''' || 2025-October-25 }}), in which|| 2021-October-30 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>the upper edges of fully adhered sheet membrane flashing plies must be mechanically secure the membrane to the wall with a termination bar or metal flashing,
 +
<li>an acceptable sealant shall be applied along the upper edge of the termination bar or metal flashing,
 +
<li>the sealed termination bar or flashing shall be covered with a secondary "surface reglet" flashing secured against the surface of the wall, and
 +
<li>an acceptable sealant shall be applied along the upper receiving edge of the "surface reglet", or
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | '''Option 5''' ({{hilite | '''Figure 10.3.2.3.-E''' || 2025-October-25 }}), in which || 2021-October-30 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>the upper edges of fully adhered sheet membrane flashing plies shall be mechanically secured to the wall with a linear metal counter-flashing ("surface reglet"),
 +
<li>an acceptable sealant shall be applied along the upper edge of the counter-flashing,
 +
<li>the sealed counter-flashing shall be covered with a secondary "surface reglet" flashing secured against the surface of the wall, and
 +
<li>an acceptable sealant shall be applied along the upper receiving edge of the "surface reglet".
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>When sheet membrane turned up the vertical plane is mechanically secured with a termination bar or a metal flashing, fasteners must be spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12”) O.C.
 +
<li>When a second metal flashing is installed to protect a termination bar or flashing used to secure the sheet membrane flashing, it may be fastened no more than 609.6 mm (24”) O.C., provided the ''linear metal flashing'' maintains continuous contact with the substrate.
 +
<li>When closer fastener spacing is required by the ''manufacturer'', the wall must be constructed or modified to facilitate solid fastener securement.
 +
<li>Where a roof allows water to freely drain off the edge, and the roof adjoins a ''wall'', a cricket or diverter should be installed at the roof edge to prevent water intrusion behind ''wall'' finishes.
 +
<li>{{hilite | EIFS walls that must be cut to permit membrane replacement work must be restored with back-wrapped mesh, a base coat, and a finish coat, or with another method that is equal or superior|| 2022-October-22 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 
<br>
 
<br>
−
:For reference, see Construction Detail [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php/SBS_Details:D1.7.9-4_Miscellaneous_Penetrations_(Guardrails) '''D1.7.36 Miscellaneous Penetrations (Guardrails)'''].
+
:{|
−
<hr>
+
|-
−
<div id="SBSPROTECTED"></div>
+
|-
 +
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:255px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 10.3.2.3.-A<br>Membrane Termination on Wall<br>Option 1'''<br>Forming Part of<br>Clause 10.3.2.3.(9)(1)(1)<br><small>(Click to expand)</small> || 2025-October-25 }} || colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:255px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 10.3.2.3.-B<br>Membrane Termination on Wall<br>Option 2'''<br>Forming Part of<br>Clause 10.3.2.3.(9)(2)<br><small>(Click to expand)</small> || 2025-October-25 }} || colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:255px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 10.3.2.3.-C<br>Membrane Termination on Wall<br>Option 3'''<br>Forming Part of<br>Clause 10.3.2.3.(9)(3)<br><small>(Click to expand)</small> || 2025-October-25 }} || colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:255px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 10.3.2.3.-D<br>Membrane Termination on Wall<br>Option 4'''<br>Forming Part of<br>Clause 10.3.2.3.(9)(4)<br><small>(Click to expand)</small> || 2025-October-25 }} || colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:255px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 10.3.2.3.-E<br>Membrane Termination on Wall<br>Option 5'''<br>Forming Part of<br>Clause 10.3.2.3.(9)(5)<br><small>(Click to expand)</small> || 2025-October-25 }}
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:SBS Figure 10.3.2.-A.png | link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/7/73/SBS_Figure_10.3.2.-A.png | 200 px]] || [[File:SBS Figure 10.3.2.-B.png | link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/7/7d/SBS_Figure_10.3.2.-B.png | 200 px]] || [[File:SBS Figure 10.3.2.-C.png | link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/a/a1/SBS_Figure_10.3.2.-C.png | 200 px]] || [[File:SBS Figure 10.3.2.-D.png | link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/3/35/SBS_Figure_10.3.2.-D.png | 200 px]] || [[File:SBS Figure 10.3.2.-E.png | link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/6/6a/SBS_Figure_10.3.2.-E.png | 200 px]]
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
====10.3.2.4. Protection of Membranes====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | All installed membranes must be protected from splashed or dripped primer (applicable to all trades)|| 2021-October-30 }}.
 +
<li>Membrane flashing must be protected from damage caused by UV radiation, foot traffic, or shifting coverings, using a ''linear metal flashing'' (i.e., base flashing) or other methods acceptable to the '''''Guarantor'''''.
 +
<li>Protection materials shall be installed as required in [[#9.3.2.7. Protection of Membranes | Article 9.3.2.7.]]
 +
<li>When an integrity scan is not required because the conditions in [[#1.1.3.3. Membrane Integrity Testing | Article 1.1.3.3.]] have been satisfied, the ''Contractor'' shall nevertheless protect installed field membranes and membrane flashing, immediately after installation, with RoofStar-accepted membrane protection materials.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===10.3.3. Additional Requirements for Membrane Flashing===
 +
(The requirements in [[#10.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 10.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)
 +
 
 +
====10.3.3.1. Torch-applied Membranes====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The application of an open flame to combustible surfaces is not permitted.
 +
<li>All combustible surfaces, including (without limitation) decks, ''walls'', blocking, or canted edges, must be protected from open flame by an acceptable separation or overlay material.
 +
<li>When the base membrane flashing is torch-applied, all overlay board joints and wall transitions must be sealed with the primary membrane manufacturer’s approved self-adhered membrane or tapes, or follow the methodologies in [[#10.3.8. Alternative Approaches to Sheet Membrane Flashing | Sub-section 10.3.8., "Alternative Approaches to Sheet Membrane Flashing"]].
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====10.3.3.2. Self-adhered and Cold Processed Membranes====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Self-adhered membranes must be installed on a clean, uncontaminated surface.
 +
<li>{{hilite | All self-adhered and cold processed sheet membrane flashing that terminates on the vertical plane must be mechanically secured. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | When self-adhered or cold-processed base sheet membrane flashing overlaps granule-surfaced cap sheet membrane flashing, the overlap shall be no less than 76.2 mm (3"), granules on the cap sheet membrane must be embedded to expose bitumen, and the overlap must be continuously sealed to comply with the requirements in || 2023-June-16 }} [[#9.3.3.1. Self-adhered and Cold-processed Membranes | Article 9.3.3.1.]]
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====10.3.3.3. Adhesive-applied and Hot Asphalt-applied Membranes====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Self-adhered membranes must be installed on a clean, uncontaminated surface.
 +
<li>Hot asphalt-applied sheet membrane installed on a vertical plane must conform to the ''manufacturer's'' installation specifications, using the ''manufacturer's'' accepted Type 3 or 4 oxidized asphalt or Type 3 or 4 SEBS modified asphalt.
 +
<li>Asphalt temperature must conform to the membrane manufacturer's minimum application temperature; a minimum application temperature of 205°C (400°F) is required.
 +
<li>When hot asphalt is used to adhere membrane flashing (stripping), metal base flashing is required on all vertical surfaces, ''walls'', ''curbs'', etc.  (also see [[#13.3.2.3. Cap Flashing, Counter-flashing, and Reglet Flashing | Article 13.3.2.3., "Cap Flashing, Counter-flashing, and Reglet Flashing"]])
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====10.3.3.4. Liquid Membrane Flashing====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Two-component fleece-reinforced catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) liquid membrane flashing systems must be accepted by the '''''Guarantor''''' and listed in [[Division_C | Division C]], and
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>may be used
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | on the ''drainage plane''|| 2021-February-7 }},
 +
<li>where sheet membrane flashing may not be practical or even possible,
 +
<li>{{hilite | to terminate the top edge|| 2021-February-7 }} of sheet membrane flashing,
 +
<li>{{hilite | for sheet membrane reinforcement (i.e., at corners)|| 2021-February-7 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | where abrasion resistance is desirable|| 2021-February-7 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | where resistance to sheet membrane contamination is necessary|| 2021-February-7 }}, or
 +
<li>{{hilite | where the ''Design Authority'' specifies its application. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>must be compatible with the primary sheet membrane flashing.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>For all applications,
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>the substrate must be clean, dry, free of contaminants, and primed, as directed by the flashing system manufacturer,
 +
<li>a base layer of catalyzed liquid membrane resin must be applied within the area masked for coverage,
 +
<li>the base coating must be reinforced with the manufacturer’s fleece, cut to size so that the fleece is set in from the masked area no more than 3.18 mm (1/8”),
 +
<li>the fleece must be fully saturated with liquid, following the published instructions from the ''manufacturer'', and
 +
<li>the embedded fleece must be coated with a second application of catalyzed liquid membrane resin, covering the masked area.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>On vertical sheet membrane terminations, the liquid membrane flashing system shall provide no less than 50.8 mm (2") coverage, both above and below the sheet membrane termination.
 +
<li>Application rates and guidelines issued by the manufacturer of the liquid flashing product must be followed, unless superseded by these requirements (Ref. Figure 12.3.2.-A).
 +
<li>Where a fleece-reinforced 2-component catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or polyurethane methyl methacrylate (PUMA) liquid membrane flashing system serves as a substitute for sheet membrane flashing, the reinforced liquid membrane flashing system must extend at least 203.2 mm (8”) up the vertical plane, and no less than 203.2 mm (8") onto the horizontal field plane.
 +
<li>When a granule surface or textured finish is specified, the granules or texturing material must be broadcast into a third coat.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
 
 +
==={{hilite | 10.3.4. Perimeter Details, High Walls, and Openings|| 2021-October-30 }}===
 +
(The requirements in [[#10.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 10.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)
 +
 
 +
====10.3.4.1. Parapets====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>All {{hilite | ''standard parapets'' || 2023-October-28 }} {{strike| , regardless of their height, must be sealed with waterproofing membrane || 2022-October-28 }}{{hilite | (609.6 mm (24”) or less in height) || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | must be completely waterproofed with membrane flashing conforming to the minimum requirements in || 2023-October-28 }} [[#9.2.1.1. Membrane Composition, Thickness, and Selection | Article 9.2.1.1.]] {{hilite | and installed to conform to || 2023-October-28 }} [[#10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls | Article 10.3.2.3.]], and
 +
<li>{{hilite | shall be waterproofed || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | with sheet membrane oriented vertically on the inside surface, || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | on the roof-side (inside) surface with two plies of membrane that terminate on the roof field as required in || 2023-October-28 }} [[#10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls | Article 10.3.2.3.]], {{hilite | and || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | on the top and outside surface with at least one ply of membrane. || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Membrane flashing applied to ''parapet'' walls must be ''fully bonded'' to the entire surface of the ''parapet'' (Ref. || 2024-January-31 }} [[#13.3.2.3. Cap Flashing, Counter-flashing, and Reglet Flashing | Article 13.3.2.3.(4)]]).
 +
<li>{{hilite | Coping that is part of the ''roof system'' must be continuously waterproofed as part of the ''roof system'', even if the coping is flashed separately from the ''parapet wall''. || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | All membrane flashing bonded to a ''parapet'' coping shall continue over the top and extend down the outside face of the coping, overlapping any joint at least 50.8 mm (2”). || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | Notwithstanding Sentence (1), a ''standard parapet'' may be flashed with base sheet membrane using the alternate method described below, but this method is permissible <u>only if allowed in writing by the ''manufacturer''</u>, and only if installed as follows: || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Base sheet flashing plies shall be installed on the inside surface of the ''parapet'' as required in Sentence (1) and shall terminate at the top inside edge, where each ply must be mechanically secured (see Construction Detail || 2023-October-28 }}[[SBS_Parapet_(Typical) | “SBS | Typical”]]).
 +
<li>{{hilite | Membrane applied across the top of the parapet may be oriented with the “machine direction” parallel to the long axis of the ''parapet'', but the membrane || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | must be a base membrane satisfying the minimum requirements in || 2023-October-28 }} [[#9.2.1.1. Membrane Composition, Thickness, and Selection | Article 9.2.1.1.]] {{hilite | and shall be compatible with all other membranes installed on the parapet, || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | shall overlap the vertical plies of base sheet membrane flashing at least 50.8 mm (2”), and || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | shall overlap the outside surface of the ''parapet'', and any joints between the coping and the wall, as required in || 2023-October-28 }}[[#10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls | Article 10.3.2.3.]]
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Regardless of ''parapet'' height, no fewer than two plies of sheet membrane flashing shall be carried up the inside face of the ''parapet'' at least 203.2 mm (8") above the ''finished roof system surface''. || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
<li>{{strike| ''Tall parapets'' || 2022-October-28 }} {{hilite | A ''tall parapet'' (taller than 609.6 mm (24”), {{hilite | nominal || 2024-January-31 }}) || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | shall be waterproofed || 2023-October-28 }} in keeping with the requirements in [[#10.3.4.3. Tall Parapets | Article 10.3.4.3.]], and
 +
<li>{{hilite | must be waterproofed with at least one ply of base sheet membrane flashing applied continuously across the top face, extending down both the inside surface and the exterior face of the ''parapet'' by at least 50.8 mm (2”), as required in || 2023-October-28 }} [[#10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls | Article 10.3.2.3.]]
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Where a ''parapet'' intersects with a higher wall, water must be directed to the outer surface of the ''wall'' by flashing the union with
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>an acceptable SBS-modified bituminous sheet membrane flashing,
 +
<li>membrane gussets at the corners, and
 +
<li>a metal saddle assembly.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | When a ''parapet'' is capped with a pre-cast concrete or stone coping, || 2024-June-21 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | the membrane over the top of the ''parapet'' must be drilled by others to receive dowels, || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | the dowels must be installed by others, and || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | the dowels must be sealed by the ''Contractor'', following the requirements in || 2024-June-15 }} [[#14.3.2.7. Structures and Equipment | Article 14.3.2.7.]]{{hilite | , Sentences 6 and 7, for sealing dowels installed in pre-curbs. || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====10.3.4.2. Low Profile Edges====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Metal edge flashings must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>supported over a solid substrate,
 +
<li>installed after application of the base field membrane, which {{hilite |must wrap onto the outside face of the roof edge and extend downward to overlap any cold joint by at least 50.8 mm (2”)|| 2021-October-30 }},
 +
<li>embedded in a membrane-compatible mastic or sealant,
 +
<li>fastened to the roof structure with mechanical fasteners spaced 203.2 mm (8”) O.C. in offsetting rows, (Ref. [[#13.3.2.1. General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing | Article 13.3.2.1.]]),
 +
<li>joined to each other with lap joints measuring at least 101.6 mm (4”), each joint sealed with butyl or gunnable sealant,
 +
<li>cleaned and prepared to receive membrane,
 +
<li>primed with the ''manufacturer's'' accepted primer, unless specified otherwise by the ''manufacturer'',
 +
<li>sealed to the base membrane, which must extend
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>at least 101.6 mm (4") onto the metal flashing, and at least 50.8 mm (2”) past the fasteners, and
 +
<li>at least 101.6 mm (4”) onto the field membrane, and
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>finished with the field cap membrane
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>which must extend to cover the base membrane, and
 +
<li>which must be sealed along the exposed edge with an un-tooled bead of membrane-compatible mastic.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Existing and new canted edges must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>made of wood, and
 +
<li>flashed with sheet membrane in keeping with the requirements in [[#10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls | Article 10.3.2.3.]]
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====10.3.4.3. {{hilite | Tall Parapets || 2024-January-31 }}====
 +
{{hilite | ({{strike| Ref. || 2024-October-28 }} {{hilite | See '''Figure 10.3.4.3.-A''' || 2025-October-25 }}) || 2024-June-15 }}
  
−
=PROTECTED MEMBRANES and OTHER DETAILS=
+
<ol>
−
<div id="SBSBALLAST"></div>
+
<li>{{strike| Roofing || 2023-January-26 }} Sheet membranes installed on a {{strike| "High Wall" || 2023-January-26 }} {{hilite | ''tall parapet'', above the termination of primary roof membrane flashing, || 2024-January-31 }}
−
==Protected and Modified Protected Membrane Roof Assemblies==
+
{{strike| Where a self-adhered bituminous sheet membrane is specified for a "High Wall" that in included in the ''Contractor's'' scope of work (Ref. [[#10.1.4.3. High Walls | Article 10.1.4.3.]]), the membrane || 2023-January-26 }}
−
This section pertains to the design and installation of roofs that are ''Protected'' or ''Modified Protected Membrane Assemblies'', where gravel ballast or pavers are used solely to secure the assembly materials against wind uplift and floatation in water.  For roofs designed with accessible coverings, refer to '''14 THE ROOF as a PLATFORM: Coverings, Living Spaces and Structures'''.
+
<ol>
−
===Design===
+
<li>shall conform to the {{hilite | material || 2024-January-31 }} {{strike| general || 2023-January-26 }} requirements in [[#10.2.1.1. Flashing Membranes | Article 10.2.1.1.]],
−
#When a roof is designed as a ''Protected Membrane Roof Assembly'' (PMRA), or as a Modified PMRA, it must be secured in keeping with the design standards and ballast weight requirements in '''3 SECURING the ROOF ASSEMBLY'''. In addition, the roof must be designed to incorporate
+
<li>must be applied with the methodology prescribed by the ''manufacturer'',
−
##gravel guards around drains
+
<li>shall positively overlap the primary sheet membrane flashing by at least 50.8 mm (2”),
−
##a drainage layer beneath XPS insulation.
+
<li>shall underlap {{strike| the roof || 2023-June-15 }} sheet membrane flashing installed to cover the top of a parapet by at least 50.8 mm (2"), {{hilite | and || 2024-June-15 }}
−
##filter fabric installed over XPS insulation, in order to
+
{{strike| {{hilite | may be used to waterproof the coping of a ''tall parapet'' || 2024-January-31 }} {{strike| shall not be used to cover the top surface of a ''parapet'' || 2023-January-26 }}, and || 2023-June-15 }}
−
###contain the insulation and thereby prevent ‘insulation stacking’ (displacement) when insulation boards become buoyant in water.
+
<li>shall be protected from UV radiation with a metal flashing, cladding or another wall covering.
−
###prevent fines from settling at the membrane level and filling the voids between insulation board joints.
+
</li></ol>
−
#Where membranes installed on vertical surfaces may be damaged from foot traffic or shifting coverings, they must be protected as, for example, with base metal flashings.
+
<li>{{hilite | The application of membrane over the coping of a ''tall parapet'' shall conform to the ''manufacturer’s'' prescribed methodologies but may be installed parallel to the long axis of the ''parapet'' as permitted in || 2024-January-31 }} [[#10.3.4.1. Parapets | Article 10.3.4.1.(2)]] {{hilite | for a ''standard parapet'', provided the conditions therein are satisfied. || 2024-January-31 }}
−
#Every PMRA or MPMRA designed with gravel ballast must conform to the securement requirements set out in 3.3.2 Ballasted Roof Assemblies and specify ballast conforming to the minimum requirements shown in the table below.
+
</li></ol>
−
:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
+
</li></ol>
−
|+ Table 12.1 RGC Ballast Guide
+
<br>
 +
::{|
 
|-
 
|-
−
! XPS Insulation<br>Thickness !! Stone Ballast Required Weight !! Ballast Depth<br>(approximate)
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Up to 50 mm (2") || 60 Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (12 lb./sf) || 40 mm (1 ¾")
+
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 10.3.4.3.-A Membrane Application on Tall Parapet''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Sentence 10.3.4.3.(1) || 2025-October-25 }}<br><small>(Click to expand illustration)</small>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 75 mm (3") || 8r Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (17 lb./sf) || 60 mm (2 ¼")
+
| [[File:SBS Figure 10.3.4.-C.png |link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/6/66/SBS_Figure_10.3.4.-C.png | 500 px]]
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
===={{hilite | 10.3.4.4. Fire Separations || 2023-October-28 }}====
 +
{{hilite | (For reference, see Construction Detail || 2023-October-28 }} [[SBS_Fire_Separation_Joint | "SBS | Fire Separation Joint"]] and [[SBS_Fire_Separation_Wall | "SBS | Fire Separation Wall"]])
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Fire separation walls and joints || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | shall conform to the specified design, || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | shall be waterproofed in keeping with the requirements in this Part, || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | shall not incorporate combustible materials over the top of the joint or wall, || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | shall be offset from metal cap flashing joints (in the alternative, soldered standing seams or a water channel clip may be used when joints align; see Construction Detail || 2023-October-28 }} [[SBS_Fire_Separation_Wall | "SBS | Fire Separation Wall"]]),
 +
<li>{{hilite | shall exclusively utilize s-locks and concealed continuous clips for securing linear metal flashing to a firewall face, and || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | shall utilize only standing seam joints for linear metal cap flashings. || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====10.3.4.5. Doors, Windows, and Wall Openings====
 +
{{hilite | (See '''Figure 10.3.4.5.-A''') || 2025-October-25 }}
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Rough openings formed or framed in walls to accommodate doors, windows, curtain-wall assemblies, or other penetrations (i.e., ventilation grilles), must be waterproofed before the door, window, curtain-wall, or another assembly is installed.
 +
<li>{{hilite | All rough openings must be suitable for the application of sheet membrane flashing or reinforced liquid membrane flashing systems, and any work to render surfaces suitable shall be performed by others. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | Low-clearance openings (rough openings less than 203.2 mm (8") in height, measured from the ''finished roof system surface'') must be flashed using methods described in this Article; curtain-wall openings may be flashed using a modified '''metal water-stop flashing method''' by eliminating the metal water-stop flashing, provided the remaining required work is executed by the ''Contractor''. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | Membranes used for this application must conform to the material requirements in || 2023-June-16 }} [[#10.2.1.1. Flashing Membranes | Article 10.2.1.1., "Flashing Membranes"]].
 +
<li>{{hilite | In all methods described in this Article, low-clearance openings must be pre-flashed with no less than one ply of base sheet membrane || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | lapped over the field membrane in keeping with requirements found elsewhere in this Part, || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | carried over the top face of the rough opening, || 2023-June-16 }} and
 +
<li>{{hilite | carried vertically above the sill, at least 101.6 mm (4"). || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Regardless of the method described below, the membrane installed over the rough opening sill must be protected from abrasion damage with || 2025-October-25 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | a full-coverage pre-manufactured threshold step (by others) || 2025-October-25 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | a full-coverage metal flashing, supplied and installed by the ''Contractor'', or || 2025-October-25 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | fleece-reinforced PMMA, coated with an abrasion-resistant coating proprietary to the PMMA ''manufacturer'' || 2025-October-25 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite |When the '''metal water-stop flashing method''' is specified,|| 2022-February-5}}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | all corners must be reinforced with compatible membrane gussets, and|| 2022-February-5 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | the metal water-stop flashing must be|| 2022-February-5}}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | fabricated to fit the full width of the opening,|| 2022-February-5}}
 +
<li>{{hilite | fashioned with a water dam upstand measuring at least 25.4 mm (1”) in height|| 2022-February-5}},
 +
<li>installed over the sill membrane,
 +
<li>embedded in a membrane-compatible mastic or sealant,
 +
<li>mechanically attached to the sill, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | sealed to the rough opening with an additional ply of membrane flashing|| 2022-February-5}}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite |When the '''metal sill-pan flashing method''' is specified, a single-piece metal pan sill flashing must be|| 2022-February-5}}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite |fabricated to fit snugly inside the rough opening,|| 2022-February-5}}
 +
<li>{{hilite |folded, welded, or soldered in the corners, || 2022-February-5}}
 +
<li>{{hilite |fashioned with a water dam upstand measuring at least 25.4 mm (1”) in height,|| 2022-February-5}}
 +
<li>{{hilite |fabricated with 101.6 mm (4”) high flanges that cover the insides of the rough opening and wrap around the outside face of the wall at least 101.6 mm (4”),|| 2022-February-5}}
 +
<li>{{hilite |installed over the pre-flashing membrane and embedded in a membrane-compatible mastic or sealant,|| 2022-February-5}}
 +
<li>{{hilite |mechanically attached to both the outside and inside faces of the rough door opening, and|| 2022-February-5}}
 +
<li>{{hilite |sealed to the rough opening with an additional ply or coating of membrane flashing.|| 2022-February-5}}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | When clearances preclude the use of either the '''metal water-stop flashing method''' or the '''metal sill-pan flashing method''', the rough opening may be flashed using reinforced liquid membrane flashing.|| 2022-February-5}}
 +
<li>{{hilite |When a '''reinforced liquid membrane flashing method''' is specified,|| 2022-February-5}}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite |the rough opening must be flashed using the metal water-stop method,|| 2022-February-5}}
 +
<li>{{hilite |the metal water-stop flashing must be sealed to the pre-flashing base membrane using an accepted liquid membrane flashing system,|| 2022-February-5}}
 +
<li>{{hilite |the inside faces of the rough opening must be flashed with reinforced liquid membrane flashing, ensuring an overlap with the membrane on the sill at least 50.8 mm (2”),|| 2022-February-5}}
 +
<li>liquid membrane flashing must extend up the inside faces of the rough opening at least 101.6 mm (4”), and
 +
<li>{{hilite |the liquid membrane flashing system must be applied following the requirements in [[#10.3.3.4. Liquid Membrane Flashing | Article 10.3.3.4.]]|| 2022-February-5}}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>''Overflow drains'' must
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>be installed on the roof area adjacent any rough low-clearance opening,
 +
<li>be located at least 25.4 mm (1") below a rough low-clearance opening, and
 +
<li>conform to the spacing and capacities required by the "National Plumbing Code of Canada", Division B, [https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/ft/?id=6e7cabf5-d83e-4efd-9a1c-6515fc7cdc71#%5B%7B%22num%22%3A310%2C%22gen%22%3A0%7D%2C%7B%22name%22%3A%22XYZ%22%7D%2Cnull%2C250%2Cnull%5D Article 2.4.10.4.] (See also [[#11.1.3.1. Principles of Design | Article 11.1.3.1., "Principles of Design"]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<br>
 +
:::{|
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 100 mm (4") || 108 Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (22 lb./sf) || 75 mm (3")
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 125 mm (5") || 132 Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (27 lb./sf) || 90 mm (3 ½")
+
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 10.3.4.5.-A Low Door Opening''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Article 10.3.4.5. || 2025-October-25 }}<br><small>(Click to open related Construction Detail)</small>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 150 mm (6") || 156 Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (32 lb./sf) || 105 mm (4 ¼")
+
| [[File:SBS Low Door Opening.jpg |link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=SBS_Low_Door_Opening | 500 px]]
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
===10.3.5. Reserved===
 +
===10.3.6. Expansion and Control Joints===
 +
(The requirements in [[#10.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 10.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)
 +
 
 +
====10.3.6.1. Expansion Joints====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>''Expansion joints'', which are {{hilite | framed and sheathed || 2024-October-20 }} {{strike| constructed || 2023-October-26 }} by others, must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>sloped toward the roof surface on the top face of each side,
 +
<li>waterproofed as shown in Construction Detail [[SBS Expansion Joint (Field) | "Expansion Joint (Field)"]], with methods and materials conforming to the requirements in [[#9.3.2.3. General Requirements for Membrane Application | Article 9.3.2.3.]], and with the ''manufacturer’s'' published specifications for the detail, and
 +
{{strike| <li>covered with a membrane underlay, and || 2023-October-26 }}
 +
<li>covered with 2-part ''linear metal flashings'' (counter-flashing and cap flashing) that permit multi-directional movement in the joint.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
{{strike| <li>{{hilite | The supply and installation of the ''expansion joint'' assembly or system is the responsibility of others, unless specified otherwise. || 2023-June-16 }} || 2023-October-26 }}
 +
<li>When proprietary elastomeric ''expansion joint'' systems are specified, the bond between the sheet membrane flashing and the ''expansion joint'' system must be acceptable to both the ''manufacturer'' and the supplier of the ''expansion joint'' system (Ref. [[#10.1.6.1. Expansion Joints | Article 10.1.6.1.]] for design requirements).
 +
<li>Field splicing of proprietary elastomeric ''expansion joints'' is permissible only when made with a machine acceptable to the ''expansion joint'' manufacturer.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====10.3.6.2. Control Joints (Roof Dividers)====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>''Control joints'' must be waterproofed in keeping the requirements in [[#10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls | Article 10.3.2.3.]], together with the ''manufacturer’s'' published specifications for the detail.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===10.3.7. Intersections with Other Roof Systems===
 +
(The requirements in [[#10.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 10.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)
 +
 
 +
====10.3.7.1. Compatibility of Materials====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Where two ''roof systems'' intersect, materials must be compatible with each other, or must be separated from contact by an intermediate separation layer.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====10.3.7.2. Intersections with Water-Shedding Roofs====
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-10.3.7.2. | {{hilite | Note A-10.3.7.2. || 2025-October-25 }}]])
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>When a ''waterproofing roof system'' transitions <u>down a slope</u> onto a lower ''water-shedding roof system'', the waterproofing membrane must lap over the ''water-shedding roof system'' by no less than 50.8 mm (2").
 +
<li>When a ''waterproofing roof system'' transitions <u>up a slope</u> and underlaps a ''water-shedding roof system'',
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>sheet membrane flashing must extend up the ''water-shedding roof system'' slope <u>at least</u>
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>152.4 mm (6”), plus {{hilite | at least || 2025-October-25 }} 76.2 mm (3”) for the overlap by the ''water-shedding roof system'', when measured vertically <u>from the maximum water level</u>,
 +
{{strike| <li>203.2 mm (8”), plus 76.2 mm (3”) for the overlap by the ''water-shedding roof system'', when measured vertically <u>from the ''drainage plane''</u>, || 2024-October-29 }} and
 +
<li>304.8 mm (12”) plus {{hilite | at least || 2025-October-25 }} 76.2 mm (3”) for the overlap by the ''water-shedding roof system'', when measured vertically <u>from the {{strike| ''drainage plane'' or || 2024-October-29 }} maximum water level, in regions with typical heavy snow</u>,
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>the termination of the ''waterproofing roof system'' sheet membrane flashing on the slope must be mechanically secured, separately from the ''water-shedding roof system'', and
 +
<li>the overlapping of adjoining ''roof system'' materials must conform to the requirements for the specific ''water-shedding roof system''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====10.3.7.3. Intersections with Membrane Gutters====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Refer to the requirements in [[#11.3.3.8. Membrane Gutters | Article 11.3.3.8.]]
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===10.3.8. Alternative Approaches to Sheet Membrane Flashing===
 +
(The requirements in [[#10.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 10.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)
 +
 
 +
====10.3.8.1. General====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>When field membranes or flashing plies are heat-welded, or when construction sequencing requires strategies for mitigating fire risk, the ''Contractor'' is responsible to assess risks and should consider the means and methods in [[#10.3.8.2. Pre-flashing | Article 10.3.8.2.]] and [[#10.3.8.3. Picture-framing | Article 10.3.8.3.]]
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====10.3.8.2. Pre-flashing====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Before installing the base field membrane, self-adhering or adhesive-applied base membrane flashing (“pre-flashing”) must be applied to both vertical surfaces and to a suitable substrate on the roof field ({{hilite | '''Figure 10.3.8.2.-A''' || 2025-October-25 }}).
 +
<li>Base membrane flashings must be finished and “buttered” at the joints using a hot-air welder, and must extend
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>no less than 101.6 mm (4”) onto the roof field,
 +
<li>the full height of a parapet less than 606.9 mm (24") in height, and
 +
<li>no less than 203.2 mm (8”) on all other vertical surfaces.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | The ends of field membrane runs that are applied after base membrane flashing must|| 2021-October-30 }} continue up the face of the ''wall'' or ''parapet'' at least 101.6 mm (4”) ({{hilite | '''Figure 10.3.8.2.-B''' || 2025-October-25 }}).
 +
<li>Additional base membrane flashing must be installed along the lengths of base field membranes, applied to the vertical surface and onto the roof field at least 101.6 mm (4”) ({{hilite | '''Figure 10.3.8.2.-C''' || 2025-October-25 }}).
 +
<li>Cap field and flashing membranes must be installed in keeping with General Application standards ({{hilite | '''Figure 10.3.8.2.-D''' || 2025-October-25 }}).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<br>
 +
::{|
 +
|-
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:255px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 10.3.8.2.-A<br>Membrane Pre-Flashing<br>Step 1'''<br>Forming Part of<br>Sentence 10.3.8.2.(1)<br><small>(Click to expand)</small> || 2025-October-25 }} || colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:255px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 10.3.8.2.-B<br>Membrane Pre-Flashing<br>Step 2'''<br>Forming Part of<br>Sentence 10.3.8.2.(3)<br><small>(Click to expand)</small> || 2025-October-25 }} || colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:255px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 10.3.2.3.-C<br>Membrane Pre-Flashing<br>Step 3'''<br>Forming Part of<br>Sentence 10.3.8.2.(4)<br><small>(Click to expand)</small> || 2025-October-25 }} || colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:255px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 10.3.2.3.-D<br>Membrane Pre-Flashing<br>Step 4'''<br>Forming Part of<br>Sentence 10.3.8.2.(5)<br><small>(Click to expand)</small> || 2025-October-25 }}
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:SBS Figure 10.3.8.-A.png | link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/4/44/SBS_Figure_10.3.8.-A.png | 250 px]] || [[File:SBS Figure 10.3.8.-B.png | link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/f/f3/SBS_Figure_10.3.8.-B.png | 250 px]] || [[File:SBS Figure 10.3.8.-C.png | link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/6/67/SBS_Figure_10.3.8.-C.png  | 250 px]] || [[File:SBS Figure 10.3.8.-D.png | link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/0/00/SBS_Figure_10.3.8.-D.png | 250 px]]
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
====10.3.8.3. Picture-framing====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Before installing the base field membrane, the ''Contractor'' must “picture-frame” the field area adjacent sensitive perimeters (walls, curbs, or other details), using self-adhering or adhesive-applied membranes applied to a suitable substrate on the roof field.
 +
<li>Picture-framing must be at least 1.5 m (58 ½”) wide, beginning with a half-width sheet installed along the sensitive perimeter ({{hilite | '''Figure 10.3.8..3.-A''' || 2025-October-25 }}).
 +
<li>Perimeters must be flashed with self-adhering or adhesive-applied membrane base flashing; base membrane flashing plies must extend
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>no less than 101.6 mm (4”) onto the roof field,
 +
<li>the full height of a parapet less than 606.9 mm (24") in height, and
 +
<li>no less than 203.2 mm (8”) on all other vertical surfaces.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Field base membrane runs must be installed and tied into the “picture frame” following the requirements in this Standard for side and end laps (Ref. [[#9.3.2.3. General Requirements for Membrane Application | Article 9.3.2.3.]]).
 +
<li>Standard application of cap field membrane runs must be carried no closer than 1 m (39”) of the ''wall'' or ''parapet'' ({{hilite | '''Figure 10.3.8.3.-B''' || 2025-October-25 }}).
 +
<li>Self-adhering or adhesive-applied cap membranes must be applied to complete the field; side and end laps must be heat-sealed with a hot-air welder.
 +
<li>Self-adhered or adhesive-applied cap membrane flashing must be applied to parapets or walls, in keeping with requirements in this Part for membrane flashing, and side and end laps shall be heat-sealed with a hot-air welder.
 +
<li>All other applicable requirements in this Standard remain unaltered by this methodology.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<br>
 +
::{|
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 175 mm (7") || 180 Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (37 lb./sf) || 125 mm (5")
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 200 mm (8") || 204 Kg/M<sup>2</sup> (42 lb./sf) || 140 mm (5 ½")
+
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:400px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 10.3.8.3.-A<br>Membrane Picture-Framing<br>Base Membrane Stage'''<br>Forming Part of<br>Sentence 10.3.8.3.(2)<br><small>(Click to expand)</small> || 2025-October-25 }} || colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:400px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 10.3.8.3.-B<br>Membrane Picture-Framing<br>Cap Membrane Stage'''<br>Forming Part of<br>Sentence 10.3.8.3.(5)<br><small>(Click to expand)</small> || 2025-October-25 }}
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:SBS Figure 10.3.8.-E.png | link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/1/1a/SBS_Figure_10.3.8.-F.png | 350 px]] || [[File:SBS Figure 10.3.8.-F.png | link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/1/1a/SBS_Figure_10.3.8.-F.png | 350 px]]
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
<hr>
 +
 
 +
<div id=PART_11></div>
 +
 
 +
=Part 11 - Drainage=
 +
<div id="DRAIN_DESIGN"></div>
 +
==Section 11.1. Design==
 +
===11.1.1. General===
 +
====11.1.1.1. Scope====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====11.1.1.2. {{strike| Definitions || 2024-October-23 }}{{hilite | Defined Terms || 2025-October-25 }}====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].  Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part:
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>''Drain leader'' means "a pipe that is installed to carry ''storm water'' from a roof to a ''storm building drain'' or ''sewer'' or other place of disposal” ("British Columbia Plumbing Code", Division A, [https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcpc2018/bcpc_2018dap1s14 Article 1.4.1.2., "Defined Terms"]).
 +
<li>''Flanged insert drain'' means a ''primary roof drain''
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>with a flat, broad flange that encircles, and is manufactured from the same material as, the drain opening or bowl,
 +
<li>that is spun or hot-welded (not cast),
 +
<li>that typically is secured to the ''roof assembly'' with screw-type mechanical fasteners, and
 +
<li>that is manufactured with a short length of drain pipe ("drain stem"), which is inserted into a drain leader and sealed against back-flow using a compression seal.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>''Overflow drain'' ("overflow") means a ''secondary roof drain''
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>that serves as a safeguard when roof drains fail, and 
 +
<li>{{hilite |which may be located in the roof field (for example, as a secondary drain) or at the perimeter of the roof.|| 2020-July-3 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>''Primary roof drain'' means the primary means of draining water from the roof.
 +
<li>''Roof drain'' means “A fitting or device that is installed in the roof to permit storm water to discharge into a ''leader''.” ("British Columbia Plumbing Code", Division A, [https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcpc2018/bcpc_2018dap1s14 Article 1.4.1.2., "Defined Terms"]).
 +
<li>''Scupper drain'' ("Scupper") means an open or closed roof drain that conveys water laterally from one roof area to another, or from the roof directly to the exterior of the building.
 +
<li>''Secondary roof drain'' means a drain connected to a separate drainage system, typically situated at a higher elevation than a ''primary roof drain''.  An ''overflow drain'' is a type of ''secondary roof drain''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===11.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
 +
====11.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====11.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and shall
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | incorporate ''overflow drains'', designed for all roof areas, that are properly sized and spaced, in keeping with the building and plumbing codes having jurisdiction || 2020-October-22 }},
 +
<li>incorporate only drains and ''overflows'' designed and equipped with clamping rings, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | specify securement of the roof membrane with drain clamping rings or, when permitted by the ''manufacturer'', a reinforced <u>2-component</u> liquid membrane flashing, which must conform to the material and application requirements in this Standard|| 2020-October-22 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===={{hilite | 11.1.2.3. RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee || 2025-October-25 }}====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee''''', the supporting ''roof assembly'' shall
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''', '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', or a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''',
 +
<li>be acceptable to the manufacturer as support for a ''vegetated roof system'', and
 +
<li>comply with the related requirements in the [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”].
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===11.1.3. All Systems===
 +
====11.1.3.1. Principles of Design====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The ''Design Authority'' is responsible for the design of roof drainage {{hilite | and ''continuity'' of ''control layers'', where these intersect with any part of the designed roof drainage system (Ref. || 2024-June-15 }} [[#3.1.5.1. Securement against Specified Wind Loads | Article 3.1.5.1.]]; {{hilite | also see || 2024-June-15 }} [[#6.1.3.2. Continuity of Control Layers | Article 6.1.3.2.]]).
 +
<li>{{hilite |The size (flow rate) of roof drains and ''overflows'' must be determined using the "British Columbia Building Code" and "British Columbia Plumbing Code", with attention given to both average and large rainfall events (for rainfall capacities, refer to the|| 2021-October-30 }} [https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcbc2018/bcbc_2018dbacr2 "British Columbia Building Code", Div. B, Appendix C, "Table C-2"], {{hilite |which lists rainfall loads using specific reference locations throughout the province|| 2021-October-30 }}.
 +
<li>Membrane gutters must be designed for their anticipated capacity, with consideration given to
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>rainfall and snow load calculations for the building location,
 +
<li>drain type, size, flow rate, and
 +
<li>size and placement of the ''overflow drain''.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">{{hilite |The ''Design Authority'' should coordinate the various disciplines (including, without limitation, mechanical (plumbing) and structural engineers) to calculate proper flow rates, head pressure, and structural supports, in anticipation of significant, short-duration rain events; consideration should be given to various design elements</span> (listed without limitation) || 2021-October-23 }}</span>
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">roof slope (more slope theoretically increases drainage and lessens live loading from rainfall)</span> (Ref. [[#2.1.3.1. General Requirements for Roof Slope | Article 2.1.3.1., "General Requirements for Roof Slope"]]),
 +
<li><span class="recommended">rainfall rates for primary and overflow drainage</span>,
 +
<li><span class="recommended">''primary'' and ''overflow drain'' capacities</span>,
 +
<li><span class="recommended">hydraulic head (pressure)</span>, and
 +
<li><span class="recommended">{{hilite | the location of the ''drainage plane''|| 2021-October-30 }}</span> {{hilite | (the ''drainage plane'' is not necessarily the same as the|| 2021-October-30 }} ''finished roof system surface'', {{hilite | and the location of the ''drainage plane'' may affect the determination of live loads, which should be accounted for as part of drainage design|| 2021-October-30 }}).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Roofs may drain off a roof edge, or by means of internal plumbing (both are permissible under the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program''''').
 +
<li>When a roof is designed to drain off an edge, water may drain freely or be collected by means of an external or membrane gutter (See [[#11.1.4.3. Membrane Gutters | Article 11.1.4.3.]]) and drained onto a lower ''roof assembly''.
 +
<li>The membrane of the lower roof onto which drain water is directed must be protected from abrasion with splash pads.
 +
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | Roof drains should be situated in a depression, to compensate for the build-up of membrane at the edge of the drain ''assembly'', which may impede drainage. || 2023-June-16 }}</span>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">When roofs are designed to drain through internal plumbing, drain sumps should be</span>
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">incorporated into a roof design whenever possible, to increase head pressure above primary roof drains,</span>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">designed at least 1m x 1m (39” x 39”) in size</span> (The depth of a sump is a function of insulation thickness; See [[#7.1.4.4. Insulating Drain Sumps | Article 7.1.4.4.]]),
 +
<li><span class="recommended">designed with sloped insulation</span>, and
 +
<li><span class="recommended">additionally reinforced around the perimeter using a reinforced 2-component liquid membrane flashing system, to enhance durability</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>All drains located at the level of the field membrane must be fully supported above the ''supporting deck structure''.
 +
<li>When a roof is fully or partially replaced, all flanged drains, ''scuppers'', and ''overflows'', together with internal drain-to-pipe compression seals, and seals exposed to water or ultraviolet light, must be replaced.
 +
<li><span class="principles">If a flow {{hilite | control || 2025-October-25 }} {{strike| restrictor || 2024-October-29 }} is present in an existing cast drain leader, the {{hilite | flow control || 2025-October-25 }} {{strike| restrictor || 2024-October-29 }} should be reinstalled</span>.
 +
<li>Roofs that support ''overburden'', and roofs that are secured with ballast, must be designed to incorporate a ballast guard that surrounds the drain and promotes proper drainage.
 +
<li>{{hilite | Roofs designed to support a ''vegetated roof system'' covered by a '''''RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee''''' must design the drainage system, including ''roof drain'' protection measures, in coordination with the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs” (Note that if an existing roof incorporates flow control drains , reinstating them as part of a roof replacement ''project'' may adversely affect the viability a ''vegetated roof system'', thereby necessitating a wider redesign of roof drainage.)(See [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard#1.1.3.2._Permitted_Vegetated_Roof_Systems Sentence  1.1.3.2.(9)], “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”; also see || 2025-October-25 }} [[#11.3.3.2. General Requirements for Cast-iron Roof Drains | Article 11.3.3.2.]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====11.1.3.2. Roof Drain Function and Location====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>''Roof drains'' must be used only for draining water.
 +
<li>''Roof drains'' on new construction ''projects'' must be located at least {{hilite | 457.2 mm (18") || 2024-June-15 }} {{strike| 304.8 mm (12”) || 2023-June-15 }} away from any adjacent drain, penetration, upstand, edge, or wall (the separation space is measured between openings, excluding the flange), but this requirement does not apply to ''overflow drains'', ''scupper drains'', and membrane gutters (Ref. [[#11.3.3.7. Scuppers and Overflows | Article 11.3.3.7.]] for minimum requirements applicable to ''scuppers'' and ''overflows'').
 +
<li>{{hilite | Notwithstanding the requirements in Sentence (1), a cast iron ''roof drain'' with a sump receiver must be placed well away from any interference with drain securement. || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
<li>When {{hilite | a roof is replaced and || 2024-June-15 }} existing ''roof drain'' {{strike| and penetration locations || 2023-June-15 }} do not comply with the spacing requirements in this Part, the ''Design Authority'' must submit {{strike| a written request for a Variance, following the requirements in [[#1.1.3.6. Variances | Article 1.1.3.6., "Variances"]] || 2023-June-15 }}{{hilite | a drawn detail for a review by the '''''Guarantor'''''; the detail must incorporate the following requirements and principles, together with requirements in Subsection 11.3.3 || 2024-June-15 }}:
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | Specify sheet membrane flashing to seal in the drain to the field membrane (liquid membranes should be the last option) || 2024-June-15 }}</span>.
 +
<li>{{hilite | The membrane target patch properties, dimensions, and installation must conform to the requirements published in Subsection 11.3.3., || 2024-June-15 }} <span class="principles">{{hilite | but when it is not possible to seal the target patch in the horizontal plane (because of interference, for example by a wall or curb), the target patch membrane may be turned up a vertical surface, provided it extends past the edge of the drain flange (insert-type drain) or clamping ring (cast drain) at least 152.4 mm (6”) || 2024-June-15 }}</span>.
 +
<li>{{hilite | The flange on insert drains may not be trimmed || 2024-June-15 }}.
 +
<li><span class="principles">{{hilite | When a drain flange of an insert-type ''roof drain'' must be folded to conform to a wall or curb, specify the use an appropriate tool to bend the flange, to ensure the flange makes full contact with the supporting membrane || 2024-June-15 }}</span>.
 +
<li>{{hilite | Wall membrane flashings must not terminate under the clamping ring of a cast drain || 2024-June-15 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | The clamping ring of a cast drain must be fully seated to ensure the drain will function properly || 2024-June-15 }}.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
</ol></li>
 +
 
 +
===11.1.4. Drains and Membrane Gutters===
 +
(The requirements for [[#11.1.3. All Systems | Subsection 11.1.3., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)
 +
 
 +
====11.1.4.1. Cast-iron Roof Drains====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Only cast-iron roof drains, and existing external couplers used to connect drains to leaders, may be re-used for roof replacement ''projects''.
 +
<li><span class="principles">Drain extensions for cast-iron roof drains should be avoided, since the connection with the cast drain is not sealed; the result is a leak into the ''roof system''</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====11.1.4.2. Scuppers and Overflows====
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-11.1.4.2. | Note A-11.1.4.2.]])
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="principles">A scupper drain may serve either as a ''primary roof drain'' or as a ''secondary drain''</span>.
 +
<li><span class="principles">Where no ''overflows'' are specified, the building structure should be designed to carry the total load of water collected on the roof, in the event of ''primary roof drain'' failure.
 +
<li>''Overflows'' must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>designed as open-wall scuppers for ''parapets'' measuring 152.4 mm (6”) or less in height (Ref. Construction Detail [[SBS Open-wall Scupper Drain | "Open-wall Scupper Drain"]]), or
 +
<li>designed around the principles of a through-wall scupper when ''parapets'' are higher than 152.4 mm (6”) (Ref. Construction Detail [[SBS Through-wall Scupper Drain  | "Through-wall Scupper Drain"]]), and (irrespective of design) shall be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>located no higher than 101.6 mm (4”) above the ''drainage plane'',
 +
<li>installed at least 25.4 mm (1”) lower than the lowest elevation of a door, window, or other low-clearance opening, to prevent water intrusion,
 +
<li>situated so that they freely and visibly discharge storm water,
 +
<li>protected with a ballast guard when the overflow is located below the ''finished roof system surface'', and
 +
<li>specified to conform to the spacing and capacities required by the "National Plumbing Code of Canada", Division B, [https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/ft/?id=6e7cabf5-d83e-4efd-9a1c-6515fc7cdc71#%5B%7B%22num%22%3A310%2C%22gen%22%3A0%7D%2C%7B%22name%22%3A%22XYZ%22%7D%2Cnull%2C250%2Cnull%5D Article 2.4.10.4.] (See also [[#11.1.3.1. Principles of Design | Article 11.1.3.1., "Principles of Design"]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====11.1.4.3. Membrane Gutters====
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-11.1.4.3. | Note A-11.1.4.3.]])
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>A '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' may cover a membrane ''gutter'' only when the membrane ''gutter'' and the adjoining roof area are part of the same scope of work {{hilite | (''gutters'' lined with an adhered membrane and typically integrated into the roof structure). || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | The ''Design Authority'' is responsible to design the membrane ''gutter'' for its anticipated capacity, with consideration given to|| 2020-July-3 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | rainfall and snow load calculations for the building location|| 2020-July-3 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | drain type, size, and flow rate|| 2020-July-3 }}, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | size and placement of the ''overflow drain''|| 2020-July-3 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>New membrane ''gutters'' shall be designed with a minimum width of 304.8 mm (12”) and a depth not exceeding the ''gutter’s'' width.
 +
<li>At least 101.6 mm (4") clearance on the horizontal plane is required between any membrane ''gutter'' wall and the
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>the edge of the drain bowl for spun drains, and
 +
<li>the edge of the drain leader for flat spun or welded drains.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>Only fully-adhered membranes may be used in membrane ''gutters''.
 +
<li>Metal ''gutter'' liners are permissible, provided they are designed to fit over acceptable waterproofing, and the liners conform to the material requirements in [[#11.2.1.3. Membrane Gutters and Gutter Liners | Article 11.2.1.3.]]
 +
<li>''Conventionally insulated systems'' that drain into a membrane ''gutter'' must abut solid blocking at the ''gutter'' edge, which provides
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>a stop for the insulation ''assembly'', and
 +
<li>a solid substrate for the securement of flashings and membranes.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>An ''overflow drain'' must be located at least
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>101.6 mm (4”) above the primary membrane ''gutter'' drain, and
 +
<li>25.4 mm (1”) below any mechanical fasteners used to secure the adjoining ''roof system''.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>In roof replacement applications, existing membrane ''gutters'' may qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''', but should be redesigned if their capacity is undersized, and must incorporate an overflow drain in keeping with the requirements in this Part.
 +
<li>Where the primary drain in an existing membrane ''gutter'' is undersized for its capacity, the primary drain must be replaced with one that is properly sized.
 +
<li> When a membrane ''gutter'' adjoins a RoofStar-guaranteed ''water-shedding system'', the transition from gutter to ''roof system'' shall conform to [[#11.3.3.8. Membrane Gutters | Article 11.3.3.8.]]
 +
</ol></li>
 +
 
 +
===={{hilite | 11.1.4.4. Drains in Planters || 2025-October-25 }}====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Drains designed for structural planters must conform to the requirements in [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard#6.1.3.2._Planter_Drainage Article 6.1.3.2.] of the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
 
 +
==Section 11.2. Materials==
 +
(See [[Division_C | Division C, "Accepted Materials"]])
 +
 
 +
===11.2.1. Material Properties===
 +
====11.2.1.1. General Requirements====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Except for cast-iron roof drains, which are usually supplied and installed by others, only new drains and penetration flashings listed in [[Division_C | Division C]] may be used.
 +
<li>Reuse of any penetration flashing or drain (except serviceable cast iron drains) is prohibited and may void the ''Guarantee''|| 2021-February-5 }} (See Division A, [[Guarantee#3.2.1.2._Limitations_and_Exclusions_of_Guarantee | Article 3.2.1.2.]]).
 +
<li>Sheet membranes used to flash (strip in) drains shall be reinforced with polyester or a composite scrim, but in any event must conform to the membrane requirements found in [[#9.2.1.1. Membrane Composition, Thickness, and Selection | Article 9.2.1.1.]]
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====11.2.1.2. Roof Drains and Scuppers====
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-11.2.1.2. | Note A-11.2.1.2.]])
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>All roof drains
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>must be designed and manufactured for roof applications only, and shall not be floor drains, and
 +
<li>shall be made so that the roof membrane can be sealed to the drain body or bowl (the membrane seal must not rely solely on a clamping ring).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Cast-iron ''primary roof drains''
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>must be supplied with a sump receiver and under-deck clamp,
 +
<li><span class="principles">should separate securement of the under-deck clamp and clamping ring from securement for the strainer,</span> and
 +
<li>{{hilite | must be installed by the trade supplying the roof drain. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Cast-iron planter drains must be supplied with a perforated riser that is proprietary to the drain manufacturer (See the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”,|| 2025-October-25 }} [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard#6.1.3.2._Planter_Drainage{{hilite | Article 6.1.3.2|| 2025-October-25 }}]).
 +
<li>{{hilite | Cast-iron ''scupper drains'' must be || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | supplied with a clamping strainer, || 2023-June-16 }} and
 +
<li>{{hilite | designed with cast, enclosed (captive) strainer bolt receivers (drains with bolts exposed on the back side of the drain body are not acceptable). || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Lead sheet flashing, when specified, must be sized to extend past the drain bowl by at least 152.4 mm (6”), and must have a weight of at least 15 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (3 lb/ft<sup>2</sup>).
 +
<li>All ''primary'' ''flanged insert drains'' (drains with a stem that inserts into a drain leader)
 +
<ol>
 +
<li> must be manufactured with a hot-welded or seamless flange at least 101.6 mm (4”) wide (measured from the outer edge of the drain opening),
 +
<li> must be hot-welded at the joints between the bowl/flange and drain stem, and
 +
<li><span class="recommended">should incorporate a clamping ring</span> (<span class="recommended">a clamping ring is recommended for ''primary flanged insert drains'' specified on any ''project''</span>), but clamping rings are required when ''primary flanged insert drains'' are specified for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee'''''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>''Primary flanged drains'' (insert drains or scuppers) that connect with plumbing inside the building (“internal” drains) must be constructed of
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>copper (min. weight: 24 oz. sheet copper; min. thickness: 20-gauge, or 0.889 mm (0.035”)), or
 +
<li>aluminum (min. thickness: 12-gauge, or 2.053 mm (0.08081”)).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>''Primary flanged drains'' (insert drains or scuppers) that drain directly to the exterior of the building (“external” drains) must be constructed of
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>copper (min. weight: of 16 oz.; min. thickness: 24-gauge, or 0.559 mm (0.022”)), or
 +
<li>aluminum (min. thickness: 20-gauge material, or 0.812 mm (0.03196”)).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>All ''scupper drains'' (open, or closed (boxed)) must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>manufactured with welded seams and joints,
 +
<li>designed to extend past the outside face of the wall, and
 +
<li>fabricated from
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>copper (min. weight: 16 oz.; min. thickness: 24-gauge, or 0.559 mm (0.022”)), or
 +
<li>aluminum (min. thickness: 20-gauge material, or 0.812 mm (0.03196”)).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>In addition to the general requirements for ''scupper drains'', closed (boxed) ''scupper drains'' must also be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>fully enclosed on four sides, for through-wall applications,
 +
<li>fabricated with a drip edge at the bottom outside edge of the drain to deflect overflow water away from the building, and
 +
<li>fitted with an overflow opening on the outside face of the scupper,
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>equal in capacity to the main drain leader opening, and
 +
<li>at least 38.1 mm (1 ½”) lower than the top surface of the ''scupper drain''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>''Overflow drains''
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>must have a hot-welded or seamless flange at least 101.6 mm (4”) wide when measured from the outer edge of the drain opening, and
 +
<li>may be manufactured from ferrous metals (See [[#Section 13.2. Materials | Section 13.2.]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>All roof drains utilized in a ''roof assembly'' that includes gravel ballast or growing media (soil) must be supplied with the drain manufacturer's proprietary primary drain strainer and secondary stainless-steel ballast guard, but when one is not provided, a custom-fabricated guard may be used provided the guard
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>is fabricated from 20-gauge stainless-steel (0.9525 mm or 0.0375”),
 +
<li>incorporates 6.35 mm (1/4”) perforations, and
 +
<li>equals or exceeds the height of the ''finished roof system surface''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====11.2.1.3. Membrane Gutters and Gutter Liners====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Membrane gutter membranes shall be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>accepted by the '''''Guarantor''''',
 +
<li>acceptable to the ''manufacturer'',
 +
<li>compatible with the adjoining ''roof system'',  and
 +
<li>manufactured for full adhesion (semi-adhesion and mechanical securement are not permissible).
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>{{hilite | A reinforced liquid membrane system (PMMA or PUMA) || 2025-October-25 }} approved for field use and applied to an accepted SBS-modified base membrane is acceptable as a ''gutter'' membrane.
 +
<li>A metal ''gutter'' liner
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>may be fabricated from
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>copper sheet material, incorporating soldered seams, or
 +
<li>stainless steel, incorporating welded seams, and
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>must conform to the sheet metal requirements in [[#13.2.1.2. Sheet Metal Grade and Gauge | Article 13.2.1.2.]]
 +
</ol></li>
 +
</ol></li>
 +
 
 +
====11.2.1.4. Fasteners====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Mechanical fasteners used to secure the roof membrane and penetration flashings, or related accessories, must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>properly sized in accordance with ''roof system'' securement requirements (See [[#Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly | Part 3]]), and
 +
<li>self-drilling purpose-made screws manufactured with deep, recessed heads.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====11.2.1.5. Sealants====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Sealants must be manufactured by, or acceptable to, the ''manufacturer''.
 +
<li>Compression sealants must be formulated to provide waterproofed seals under compressive loads.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====11.2.1.6. Liquid Membrane Flashing====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Only a RoofStar-accepted|| 2021-February-7 }} reinforced {{hilite | <u>two-component</u> catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)|| 2021-February-7 }} liquid membrane flashing system may be used on the water plane to flash roof drains, scuppers, and overflows.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
 
 +
==Section 11.3. Application==
 +
===11.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
 +
====11.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====11.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and shall
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | incorporate ''overflow drains'' in all roof areas || 2020-October-22 }},
 +
<li>utilize only ''primary drains'' and ''overflows'' manufactured with clamping rings, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | ensure the roof membrane is secured with drain clamping rings or, when specified, with a reinforced <u>2-component</u> liquid membrane flashing applied to conform to the requirements in this Part|| 2020-October-22 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===11.3.2. All Systems===
 +
====11.3.2.1. Condition and Suitability of Roof Drains====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>All clamping rings and strainers must be unbroken, properly seated, and fully secured.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====11.3.2.2. Location and Spacing of Roof Drains====
 +
(See also [[#Section 11.1. Design | Section 11.1., "Design"]])
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>''Roof drains'' for new construction ''projects'' must be located at least {{hilite | 457.2 mm (18") || 2024-June-15 }} {{strike| 304.8 mm (12”) || 2023-June-15 }} away from any adjacent drain, penetration, upstand, edge, or wall (the separation space is measured between openings, excluding the flange).
 +
<li>The {{hilite | 457.2 mm (18") || 2024-June-15 }} {{strike| 304.8 mm (12”) || 2023-June-15 }} spacing requirement for ''roof drains'' does not apply to ''overflows'', ''scupper drains'', and drains used in membrane gutters.
 +
<li>''Roof drains'' and cap membrane seams must be offset from each other at least 304.8 mm (12”), measured from the edge of the drain.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====11.3.2.3. Drain Protection Against Blockage====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>All roof drains must be supplied and installed with a secured strainer to prevent debris from blocking the drain.
 +
<li>{{hilite | When a roof supports ''overburden'' or is secured with ballast, drains must be installed together with a surrounding ballast guard that promotes water flow|| 2020-July-3 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | When the ''overburden'' is a ''vegetated roof system'', ''roof drains'' must be protected by both a {{strike| gravel || 2024-October-29 }}{{hilite | stone || 2025-October-25 }}/ballast guard and a ''separation zone'', as required in|| 2025-October-25 }} [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard#5.1.3.3._Separation_of_vegetation_from_roofing_details {{hilite |Article 5.1.3.3.|| 2025-October-25 }}] {{hilite |of the "RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs"|| 2025-October-25 }} {{strike| (Ref. [[#14.1.3.8. Drainage | Article 14.1.3.8.]])|| 2024-October-29 }}.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
 
 +
====11.3.2.4. General Installation Requirements====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Roof drains || 2024-June-15 }} must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>secured to the ''supporting deck'' structure, or to blocking, {{hilite | and || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | properly detailed for ''continuity'' with specified ''control layers'' || 2024-June-15 }}.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>When a roof supports ''overburden'' or is secured with ballast, drains must be installed together with a surrounding ballast guard that promotes water flow.
 +
<li>Drains must be flashed using the primary membrane system or accessories acceptable to the ''manufacturer'' and the '''''Guarantor'''''.
 +
<li>When fleece-reinforced liquid membrane systems are used to flash drains, only a RoofStar-accepted reinforced {{hilite | two-component catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)|| 2021-February-7 }} may be used on the ''drainage plane'' to flash roof drains, ''scuppers'', and ''overflows''.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
 
 +
===11.3.3. Drains and Membrane Gutters===
 +
(The requirements for [[#11.3.2. All Systems | Subsection 11.3.2., "All Systems"]], shall be read together with the following Articles)
 +
 
 +
====11.3.3.1. Drain Sumps====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>When a 2-part liquid membrane flashing is specified for reinforcement of drain sumps, the liquid membrane flashing must continuously cover the sides of the sump, overlapping both the sump bottom and the roof field by at least 101.6 mm (4”).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====11.3.3.2. General Requirements for Cast-iron Roof Drains====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Cast-iron roof drains must be installed by the plumbing/mechanical trade.
 +
<li>When cast-iron roof drains are used, a sump receiver and under-deck clamp must be provided and installed by the trade supplying the roof drain.
 +
<li><span class="principles">Drain extensions for cast-iron roof drains should be avoided</span>.
 +
<li><span class="principles">Existing flow {{hilite | control {{strike| restrictors || 2024-October-29 }} || 2025-October-25 }} removed during roof construction should be reinstalled</span>; {{hilite | however, if the replacement roof will support a ''vegetated roof system'', the drainage design must conform to the requirements set out by the '' Design Authority'' || 2025-October-25 }}.
 +
<li>All cast-iron roof drains must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>new or clean,
 +
<li>unbroken (this applies to the clamping ring also), and
 +
<li>flashed in accordance with the ''manufacturer's'' published instructions, or to the requirements published in this Part, whichever are greater.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>The ''continuity'' of air and vapour ''control layers'' must be maintained, where the controls are specified.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====11.3.3.3. Cast-iron Drains Installed with Lead Flashing====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>All ''roof system'' components, including tapered insulation, must be cut to fit closely around the drain bowl and leader.
 +
<li>The drain flange must be clean and dry.
 +
<li>The base field membrane must
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>neatly fit around the outside edge of the cast drain flange, and
 +
<li>be prepared to receive a coat of membrane-compatible mastic, as directed by the ''manufacturer’s'' published instructions.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>A membrane-compatible mastic must be applied to the field membrane, and to the drain flange.
 +
<li>The lead flashing must
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>be centred over the drain body,
 +
<li>extend inside drain bowl at least 25.4 mm (1"), and
 +
<li>conform to the contours of the drain bowl.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>A reinforcement membrane ("target") patch of modified bituminous base sheet material, 3 mm or more in thickness, must
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>measure at least 1m x 1m (39” x 39”),
 +
<li>be applied over the lead flashing and onto the field base membrane, ensuring continuous visible bleed-out of bitumen around all edges of the patch and a firm bond between the membrane and the lead flashing, and
 +
<li>must extend at least 152.4 mm (6”) past the outside edge of the lead flashing.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>The cap field membrane must be installed according to the general requirements for field membranes (See [[#9.3.2.3. General Requirements for Membrane Application | Article 9.3.2.3.]]).
 +
<li>The cap membrane must extend past the inside edge of the drain bowl.
 +
<li>The clamping ring must be seated and secured, ensuring it is not broken.
 +
<li>The drain screen must be securely installed.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====11.3.3.4. Cast-iron Drains Installed with Membrane Flashing====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>All ''roof system'' components, including tapered insulation, must be cut to fit closely around the drain bowl and leader.
 +
<li>The drain flange must be clean and dry.
 +
<li>When priming is required by the ''manufacturer'', the drain flange must be primed with the ''manufacturer’s'' accepted primer.
 +
<li>The field membrane ''system'' must be installed according to the requirements in [[#9.3.2.3. General Requirements for Membrane Application | Article 9.3.2.3.]]
 +
<li>In addition to the ''manufacturer’s'' specific requirements for roof drains,
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>the base field membrane must be prepared to receive a reinforcement membrane patch,
 +
<li>a reinforcement membrane ("target") patch of modified bituminous base sheet material, 3 mm or more in thickness, must
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>measure at least 1m x 1m (39” x 39”),
 +
<li>be applied over the drain flange and onto the roof field, ensuring continuous visible bleed-out of bitumen around all edges of the patch and a firm bond between the membrane and the drain flange,
 +
<li>the membrane patch must be trimmed to the inside edge of the drain bowl, and
 +
<li>must extend at least 152.4 mm (6”) past the outside edge of the clamping ring,
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>the cap field membrane must
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>be installed according to the general requirements for field membranes (See [[#9.3.2.3. General Requirements for Membrane Application | Article 9.3.2.3.]]), and
 +
<li>extend past the inside edge of the drain bowl,
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>the clamping ring must be seated and secured, ensuring it is not broken, and
 +
<li>the drain screen must be securely installed.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====11.3.3.5. Cast-iron Roof Drain Retrofitting (Replacement Roofing)====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">Retrofitting a cast-iron roof drain is not recommended</span>, but when retrofitting is unavoidable (i.e., the drain has deteriorated to the extent that it cannot receive a new roof membrane, and removal is not possible),
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>remove any broken parts and debris,
 +
<li>connect the retrofit insert to internal leaders using only an external coupling (unless impractical - see alternative requirements below), and
 +
<li>follow the requirements set out in [[#11.3.3.2. General Requirements for Cast-iron Roof Drains | Article 11.3.3.2.]]
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>When an internal compression seal is used out of necessity to connect a retrofit drain to an existing drain leader,
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>the joint must be properly prepared to ensure the joined surfaces are clean, smooth, and uniform, and
 +
<li>honing out the cast pipe may be required.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | In the absence of a clamping collar, the retrofit insert drain must be sealed to the primary membrane with another method acceptable to the ''manufacturer'' and the '''''Guarantor''''' || 2023-June-16 }} (Ref. [[#11.2.1.6. Liquid Membrane Flashing | Article 11.2.1.6.]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====11.3.3.6. Flanged Insert-type Roof Drains====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>''Flanged insert drains'' must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>installed after the primary field base membrane has been fully installed,
 +
<li>embedded in a continuous trowelled bed of mastic, applied to a prepared compatible base membrane where the flange makes contact,
 +
<li>mechanically fastened to blocking, or to the ''roof deck'', using fasteners conforming to [[#11.2.1.4. Fasteners | Article 11.2.1.4.]],
 +
<li>pre-primed on both faces of the flange, before installation of a reinforcement membrane patch, and
 +
<li>sealed to the field base membrane with a reinforcement membrane ("target") patch
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>at least 3 mm thick,
 +
<li>large enough to extend past the edge of the drain flange by at least 152.4 mm (6”),
 +
<li>aligned with the base field membrane runs, or oriented 45-degrees to the base field membrane,
 +
<li>cut to terminate on the flange, and
 +
<li>sealed onto the flange and the field base membrane, evidenced by continuous visible bleed-out of bitumen along all edges of the patch,
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>The cap field membrane must overlap the base membrane patch and be heat-welded or adhered to the drain flange, at the bowl.
 +
<li>Only mechanical compression type seals may be used to connect insert-type drains to internal drain leaders; “O”- rings, mastics and caulking are not acceptable methods for sealing these types of drains to leaders.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====11.3.3.7. Scuppers and Overflows====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>''Open scupper drains'' may be constructed to match the height of the roof or membrane ''gutter'' edge, but must be fully sealed with membrane flashing (Ref. Construction Detail [[SBS Open-wall Scupper Drain | "Open-wall Scupper Drain"]]).
 +
<li>When a ''through-wall scupper'' is specified, only fully enclosed scupper drains (enclosed on all sides and open only at the inflow and outflow ends) may be installed (Ref. Construction Detail [[SBS Through-wall Scupper Drain  | "Through-wall Scupper Drain"]]).
 +
<li>''Scuppers'' and ''overflows'' that are installed through walls may be installed no closer than 203.2 mm (8") to
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>a roof drain, or
 +
<li>any protrusion and its flashing.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>''Scupper'' and ''overflow'' assemblies must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>cleaned and prepared to receive membrane flashing (refer to the membrane manufacturer’s published requirements),
 +
<li>embedded in a layer of trowelled membrane-compatible mastic,
 +
<li>primed on exposed flanges to receive membrane flashing,
 +
<li>mechanically fastened to the substrate (i.e., blocking, the ''roof deck'', and the ''wall'') with fasteners conforming to [[#11.2.1.4. Fasteners | Article 11.2.1.4.]], and
 +
<li>sealed to the ''roof system'' with base sheet membrane flashing plies that
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>lap onto the drain body flanges at least 101.6 mm (4”), and
 +
<li>extend onto the surrounding field membrane or perimeter base membrane by at least 152.4 mm (6").
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Cap sheet membrane flashing for ''scuppers'' and ''overflows'' must extend past the terminated edges of base membrane plies and seal to the drain flange.
 +
<li>Clamping collars must be securely installed according to their design, and where specified.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====11.3.3.8. Membrane Gutters====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>All ''gutter'' membranes must be installed according to the ''manufacturer’s'' published instructions.
 +
<li>Sheet membranes installed in a ''gutter'' must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>installed perpendicular to the ''gutter'' length,
 +
<li>carried up an adjoining ''roof system'' (measured vertically from the maximum water level)
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>at least 152.4 mm (6”), or
 +
<li>at least 304.8 mm (12”) in regions with typical heavy snow,
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>lapped under and sealed to the adjoining membranes at least 152.4 mm (6”),
 +
<li>installed in keeping with application requirements in this Standard,
 +
<li>mechanically secured at their terminations, both on the outside of the ''gutter'' edge and on the field, and
 +
<li>secured above the maximum water level at least 152.4 mm (6”) and no more than 304.8 mm (12”) O.C.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>''Gutter'' drains and overflows must be installed in keeping with the requirements in [[#Section 11.1. Design | Section 11.1., "Design"]].
 +
<li>Drain flanges that must be bent to accommodate the width of the ''gutter'' must be mechanically fastened to the ''gutter'' wall before membrane is installed.
 +
<li>A metal ''gutter'' liner
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>must incorporate soldered seams when it is fabricated from copper sheet material,
 +
<li>must incorporate welded seams when it is fabricated from stainless steel, and
 +
<li>must be installed
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>over an adhered single ply membrane, no less than 2.3 mm (90 mils) thick (bituminous membranes) or 1.5 mm (60 mils) thick (non-bituminous membranes), and
 +
<li>with a ''separation layer'' (slip sheet) between the membrane and the metal liner to prevent damage to the membrane caused by the liner at its joints.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>The transition from a membrane ''gutter'' to a ''water-shedding system'' that is insulated (typically ASM only) shall conform to the requirements for membrane ''gutters'' in the "Standard for Architectural Sheet Metal (ASM) Roof Systems" (See Construction Detail [[ASM Membrane Gutter (Design Elements) | "Membrane Gutter (Design Elements)"]] for an illustrated example).
 +
</ol></li>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
<hr>
 +
<div id=PART_12></div>
 +
 
 +
=Part 12 - Penetrations and Curbs=
 +
==Section 12.1. Design==
 +
===12.1.1. General===
 +
====12.1.1.1. Scope====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====12.1.1.2. {{strike| Definitions || 2024-October-23 }}{{hilite | Defined Terms || 2025-October-25 }}====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===12.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
 +
====12.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====12.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee'''''; in addition,
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite |when a roof is replaced, all open-top penetration flashings (flashings without a top cover) must be waterproofed as described elsewhere in this Part and shall be installed with clamped double storm collars that are fully sealed around the upper edge,|| 2020-October-22 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite |when a roof is installed on a newly constructed building, all penetration flashings that are usually fitted with a single storm collar (typically supplied and installed by others) must be fitted with a second storm collar, supplied by the ''Contractor'', || 2020-October-22 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | all electrical, gas, and other services, that penetrate the ''roof assembly'' must be protected against water intrusion with || 2020-October-22 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | purpose-made flashings that are sealed into the ''roof system'', || 2020-October-22 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | curbs fitted with a “weather head” hood sealed into the curb membrane flashing, || 2020-October-22 }} or
 +
<li>sealant pockets (used only where unavoidable) that conform to this Part and are at least 101.6 mm (4”) tall, or are elevated the same distance above the water plane (when measured from the water plane to the top of the pocket), and
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | when penetrations or vent openings in a ''conventionally insulated roof system'' are flashed using galvanized or hot-welded materials, the flashings|| 2021-February-7 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>must conform to the requirements in [[#Section 12.2. Materials | Section 12.2.]],
 +
<li>{{hilite | shall be elevated on ''curbs'', and
 +
<li>must be additionally flashed ("coated") with a reinforced catalyzed two-component liquid membrane, or with two (2) cured applications of a single-component liquid flashing system|| 2021-February-7 }} (See [[#12.3.2.2. Galvanized Penetration Flashings | Article 12.3.2.2.]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===12.1.3. All Systems===
 +
====12.1.3.1. General Requirements for Penetrations====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Where a roof design includes openings through the ''roof assembly'' (i.e., for mechanical or electrical services), the specification and detail drawings shall || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | provide direction for ''continuity'' of ''control layers'', where these layers intersect with any opening or penetration, and || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | require a ''curb'' or an acceptable penetration flashing to enclose and seal each roof opening. || 2024-June-15 }} {{strike| must be enclosed and sealed with a ''curb'', or a penetration flashing || 2023-June-15 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Each penetration (except for clustered or bundled electrical cables) must be flashed separately from others. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | Single or bundled electrical cable penetrations must be flashed with a suitable goose-neck flashing, fitted with a weather head|| 2020-July-3 }}.
 +
<li>Penetration flashings must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>new,
 +
<li>suitable for the type of penetration, and
 +
<li>properly {{hilite | sized and || 2024-January-31 }} fitted {{strike| to form a seal || 2023-January-25 }} {{hilite | around the penetration to permit a seal (gaps between the penetration and the inside of the flashing shall be no more than 12.7 mm (1/2") || 2024-January-31 }}, or
 +
<li>of sufficient height to be made water-tight with a site-fabricated membrane seal fashioned to enclose the gap between the flashing and the penetration (see Figure 12.3.2.1.-A); the application of liquid sealant around the penetration in an open-top flashing is not acceptable.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">Penetration flashings should be selected for their ability to inhibit the intrusion of vermin and insects into the roof assembly and building interior.</span>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Suitable flashings must be specified for penetrations that are expected to expand, contract, or otherwise move. || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | Cylindrical ("pipe-type") penetrations must be sealed with|| 2020-July-3 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | the ''manufacturer’s'' proprietary rubber-based friction seals that utilize mechanical clamps,|| 2020-July-3 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | a 2-part site-fabricated or proprietary flashing with a removable inspection/access cap|| 2020-July-3 }} (Ref. Construction Detail [[SBS 2-Part Retrofit Flashing (Cable Penetration) | "2-Part Retrofit Flashing (Cable Penetration)"]]), or
 +
<li>roof ''curbs'' fitted with customized metal hoods or square-to-round metal flashing.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Aluminum or copper flashings for penetrations may be located at the ''drainage plane'' in any assembly type. || 2020-February-15 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====12.1.3.2. Galvanized Penetration Flashings====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Galvanized flashings and vents || 2020-February-15 }} {{strike| are permitted || 2022-October-28 }} {{hilite | may be specified for use || 2023-October-28 }} in the ''drainage plane'' on ''uninsulated'' or ''conventionally insulated systems'', provided {{hilite | they conform to the requirements and conditions in || 2023-October-28 }} [[#12.3.2.2. Galvanized Penetration Flashings | Article 12.3.2.2.]]
 +
{{strike| <ol>
 +
<li>the base is coated (see [[#12.3.2.2. Galvanized Penetration Flashings | Article 12.3.2.2.]]), and
 +
<li>{{hilite | the penetration opening does not exceed 0.126 m<sup>2</sup> (196 in.<sup>2</sup>) || 2020-October-22 }}.
 +
</li></ol> || 2022-October-28 }}
 +
<li>All galvanized penetration flashings or vents specified for use in a ''protected roof system'' or ''modified protected roof system'' must be located on ''curbs'' no less than 203.2 mm (8") in height above the ''finished roof system surface''.
 +
<li>Galvanized flashings {{hilite | with a base opening || 2023-October-28 }} {{strike| used for penetrations or openings || 2022-October-28 }} larger than 0.126 m<sup>2</sup> (196 in.<sup>2</sup>) in size must be supported by a ''curb''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====12.1.3.3. Separation Between Details====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Penetrations on new construction ''projects'' must be separated from
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | other penetrations, {{strike| drains, || 2023-June-15 }} ''curbs'', walls, or changes in plane {{strike| so that the space between flashings for these details is || 2023-June-15 }} at least 304.8 mm (12") (this is measured between openings or the edge of a detail and excludes the flashing flange){{strike| ; the exception to this requirement is customized penetration flashings designed for multiple individual or clustered penetrations. || 2023-June-15 }}, and || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | all roof drains at least 457.20 mm (18") (Also see || 2024-June-15 }} [[#11.1.3.2. Roof Drain Function and Location | Article 11.1.3.2.]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Penetrations that are closer together than the stated minimum, and which are flashed with a single customized flashing or ''curb'' are exempt from the requirement in Sentence (1) || 2024-June-15 }}.
 +
<li>When {{strike| a roof is replaced and existing penetration locations do|| 2023-June-15 }} {{hilite | the separation between details does not comply with the spacing requirements in this Part, {{strike| the ''Design Authority'' must submit a written request for a Variance, as specified in [[#1.1.3.6. Variances | Article 1.1.3.6., "Variances"]] || 2023-June-15 }} only the alternate application methods described in Sentences (11) through (13) of|| 2024-June-15 }} [[#12.3.2.1. General Requirements for Flashing Penetrations | Article 12.3.2.1.]] {{hilite | will be permitted by the '''''Guarantor'''''. || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====12.1.3.4. Curbs, Sleepers, and Equipment Pads====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The design and placement of curbs and sleepers shall be the responsibility of the ''Design Authority''.
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Curbs'' must be designed so that they can be secured directly to the ''deck'' structure, or to intermediate blocking, and must not be situated on top of the ''roof system''. || 2020-February-15 }}
 +
<li>All ''curbs'', sleepers, and deck-supported equipment pads must be designed to achieve a minimum height of 203.2 mm (8”), measured from the ''finished roof system surface'', to permit proper membrane flashing.
 +
<li>Notwithstanding the minimum height requirement membrane flashing, ''curbs'' and sleepers that are completely sealed (enveloped) with membrane, and are free of penetrations through the top face (i.e., equipment isolators) may be less than 203.2 mm (8”) in height but shall be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>no less than 101.6 mm (4") in height, or
 +
<li>no less than 127 mm (5") in height when capped with a ''linear metal flashing''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Equipment isolators are not considered part of the ''roof system'' and therefore any leaks caused by or occurring at isolators shall be excluded from coverage under the '''''Guarantee'''''.
 +
<li>Equipment ("housekeeping") pads placed on top of the ''finished roof system surface'' and supporting combined loads
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>less than 90 kg (200 lbs) must be separated from the membrane with a bond-breaking layer (i.e., XPS insulation), and
 +
<li>greater than 90 kg (200 lbs) must conform to the requirements for structural sleepers or equipment pads.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>Reinforced liquid membrane flashing systems may be specified only where
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>sheet membrane applications are not practicable (i.e., complex geometry), or
 +
<li>the top edge of membrane plies must be terminated on a vertical surface and other means of termination are not practicable or even possible.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====12.1.3.5. Protection of Roof Membranes====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The ''Design Authority'' must consider and specify mitigating strategies to preserve the membrane from damage (i.e., specifying grease guards or a reinforced 2-part liquid membrane coating) when mechanical equipment extracts and discharges grease, chemicals, or other contaminants, onto the roof.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====12.1.3.6. Railings, Ladders, and Other Attached Structures====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Railings, ladders, and other attached structures shall not be affixed at the field membrane level and <span class="principles">should be designed for attachment to vertical surfaces only</span>.
 +
<li><span class="principles">Attachment of railings, ladders, and other attached structures to a raised horizontal substrate is strongly discouraged</span>, but when this manner of securement is specified, the design must be submitted in writing by the ''Design Authority'' to the '''''Guarantor''''' for review and acceptance through a written Variance.
 +
<li><span class="recommended">Ladders, railings, or other structures that may penetrate the ''roof system'', should be designed to minimize thermal bridging (and consequential condensation) or reduced thermal performance; uninsulated direct, rigid connections to the structural deck or walls is strongly discouraged.</span>
 +
<li></span>Pourable sealant pockets used to flash vertical penetrations should be specified only as a last resort, for use only when other flashing methods are impractical ({{hilite |Ref. [[#12.3.2.8. Sealant Pockets | Article 12.3.2.8., "Sealant Pockets"]]|| 2020-July-3 }}).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
==Section 12.2. Materials==
 +
(See [[Division_C | Division C, "Accepted Materials"]])
 +
 
 +
===12.2.1. Material Properties===
 +
====12.2.1.1. Membranes Used for Flashing====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Sheet membranes used to flash (strip in) penetrations and ''curbs'' shall be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>the same membrane used on the roof field, or
 +
<li>sheet or liquid membranes conforming to [[#10.2.1.1. Flashing Membranes | Article 10.2.1.1.]]
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====12.2.1.2. General Requirements for Penetration Flashings====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>All roof penetration flashings, except flashings that are proprietary to the ''manufacturer'' {{hilite | and flashings that are installed or supplied by others as part of a Code-compliant, certified chimney assembly (i.e., for solid fuel heating appliances) || 2023-October-28 }}, must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>accepted by or acceptable to the '''''Guarantor''''',
 +
<li>manufactured to conform to CSA-B272, "Prefabricated Self-Sealing Roof Vent Flashings" (a penetration flashing fabricated by the ''Contractor'' is exempt from this requirement),
 +
<li>permanently marked with the standard number it conforms to, which shall be independently validated through published testing by a qualified third-party,
 +
<li>{{hilite | manufactured from sheet metal conforming to the material requirements in || 2023-June-16 }} [[#Section 13.2. Materials | Section 13.2.]]{{hilite | , when the flashing is custom-made or fabricated by the ''Contractor'', || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | compatible with the ''roof system'', || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>seamless or, in the alternative, fabricated with fully hot-welded joints, including a base flange at least 101.6 mm (4”) wide,
 +
<li>capable of inhibiting the intrusion of vermin and insects into the ''roof assembly'' and building interior, and
 +
<li>at least 203.2 mm (8”) tall when measured from the ''finished roof system surface'' to an opening, or to the top of the flashing.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Metal penetration flashings that are purpose-made for
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>electrical cables must be goose-necked and supplied with a downward-facing weather head, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | plumbing vents shall be supplied with a matching settlement cap produced by the same manufacturer. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Galvanized penetration flashings, and galvanized vents, must
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>meet or exceed the CSA-A93 Standard,
 +
<li>be made with material galvanized steel (26-gauge or heavier) conforming to the metal requirements found in [[#Part 13 - Linear Metal Flashing | Part 13, "Linear Metal Flashing"]], and
 +
<li>be at least 203.2 mm (8”) tall when measured from the ''finished roof system surface'' to an opening.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Storm collars
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>must be fashioned from galvanized or stainless steel,
 +
<li>{{hilite | must slope downward from the penetration approximately 45°,|| 2021-June-30 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | shall be at least 50.8 mm (2”) wide|| 2021-June-30 }},
 +
<li>shall be self-locking or, in the alternative, manufactured to receive a mechanical band clamp, and
 +
<li><span class="principles">should be fabricated with a channel at the top edge, for retaining sealant.</span>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | EPDM used to form a seal between a penetration and its flashing (Ref. || 2024-January-31 }} [[#12.3.2.1. General Requirements for Flashing Penetrations | Article 12.3.2.1.(12)]]) {{hilite | shall be semi-cured and possess a nominal thickness of no less than 60 mils. || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | Unshielded flexible mechanical couplings used to join a flashing and a pipe penetration shall be || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | certified to meet ASTM C564 or ASTM D5926, || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | certified to meet ASTM C1173 and CSA-B602, || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | supplied with top and bottom proprietary screw-type stainless steel mechanical clamps, || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | leak-proof, resistant to chemicals, UV-stable, and || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | suitable for the penetration and flashing they join together. || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====12.2.1.3. Flashings for Heating and Plumbing System Penetrations====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>All plumbing vent flashings shall be non-ferrous.
 +
<li>{{hilite | Lead plumbing vent flashings must each be|| 2021-June-30 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | fabricated with sheet lead material weighing no less than 14.65 Kg/m2 (3lb/sf)|| 2021-June-30 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | properly sized for the pipe|| 2021-June-30 }}, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | supplied with a settlement cap made from the same materials (the inside collar of the settlement cap must fit vertically inside the pipe opening by at least 25.4 mm (1”))|| 2021-June-30 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite |In addition to the general requirements in [[#12.2.1.2. General Requirements for Penetration Flashings | Article 12.2.1.2.]], all metal penetration flashings (except natural airflow vents) used for heating and plumbing penetrations must be|| 2021-June-30 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>properly sized for the penetration, both in diameter and height,
 +
<li>flexible or sloped to suit the roof slope, and
 +
<li>supplied with a properly sized galvanized storm collar or settlement cap.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====12.2.1.4. Reserved====
 +
 
 +
==Section 12.3. Application==
 +
===12.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
 +
====12.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====12.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and shall comply with the requirements in [[#12.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee | Article 12.1.1.2.]]
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===12.3.2. All Systems===
 +
====12.3.2.1. General Requirements for Flashing Penetrations====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>All penetration flashing materials must be new.
 +
<li>Anything that penetrates through the {{hilite | ''roof assembly'' || 2024-June-15 }} {{strike| system || 2023-June-15 }}, including openings for ventilation, must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | sealed to each ''control layer'' that it passes through or intersects, and || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
<li>flashed with a ''curb'', a purpose-made flashing, or a custom-fitted flashing, all of which shall be sealed to the ''roof system'' so that the penetration or opening is protected from water ingress, to at least 203.2 mm (8") above the ''finished roof system surface''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Each roof penetration must have its own flashing (except where a purpose-made flashing is designed for multiple penetrations), and each flashing|| 2021-June-30 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | must be suitable for the slope and penetration|| 2021-June-30 }}, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | must be properly {{hilite | sized and || 2024-January-31 }} fitted {{strike| to form or permit a seal || 2023-January-26 }} around the penetration {{hilite | to permit a seal|| 2024-January-31 }}|| 2021-June-30 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Non-ferrous penetration flashings and vents that conform to the material requirements in [[#Section 12.2. Materials | Section 12.2.]] may be located at the ''drainage plane'' in any assembly type.
 +
<li>Lead penetration flashings are not permitted when roof membranes are torch-applied.
 +
<li>{{hilite | All penetration flashings must be clean, dry, absolutely free of contaminants, have an exterior finish that is suitable to receive sheet or liquid membrane flashing, and must be prepared in keeping with any surface preparation requirements published by the membrane ''manufacturer''. || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
<li>Cable and horizontal pipe penetrations must be flashed with
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>a purpose-made flashing (i.e., a goose-neck flashing fitted with a weather head),
 +
<li>a sheet membrane-flashed curb fitted with a customized sheet metal hood (shaped to function like a weather head), or
 +
<li>{{hilite | a 2-component fleece-reinforced liquid membrane flashing as described in [[#12.3.2.6. Liquid Membrane Flashing | Article 12.3.2.6.]] (when other methods are not possible or practicable)|| 2020-July-3 }}.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li><span class="principles">Cables passing through a penetration flashing should be drooped, and horizontal pipes should be fitted with a capillary-breaking collar, to prevent water from tracking along the cable or pipe, into the building</span>; {{hilite | water tracking along cables and horizontal pipes does not constitute a leak and is therefore excluded from coverage under the '''''Guarantee'''''. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | Each flanged penetration flashing || 2024-June-15 }} must be installed after the field base membrane and shall be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>primed, when required by the ''manufacturer'',
 +
<li>embedded in the manufacturer’s approved adhesive, sealant, or mastic,
 +
<li>securely fastened to the supporting deck structure or intermediate blocking, and
 +
<li>sealed to the base field membrane with
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>its own  {{strike| {{hilite | membrane flashing (retrofit flashings only) || 2023-June-16 }} or a || 2023-June-15 }} sheet membrane target patch (the use of a single target patch for multiple penetration flashings is not permissible unless otherwise stated in this Standard), or
 +
<li>membrane flashing (retrofit flashings only).
 +
</ol></li>
 +
{{strike| {{hilite | Retrofit flashings (metal flashings fitted together around a penetration and riveted or clamped together) shall be flashed with || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
{{hilite | base sheet membrane flashing carried up the vertical face of the flashing at least 203.2 mm (8") and past the base flange at least 101.6 mm (4"), and|| 2023-June-16 }}
 +
{{hilite | cap sheet membrane flashing which fully covers the base sheet flashing and extends past the termination of the base flashing by at least 50.2 mm (2")|| 2023-June-16 }} (Ref. Construction Detail [[SBS 2-Part Retrofit Flashing (Cable Penetration) | "2-Part Retrofit Flashing (Cable Penetration)"]]). || 2023-June-15 }}
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>{{hilite | When penetration flashings are closer than 457.2 mm (18") to a ''roof drain'', the drain must be flashed with a target patch first so that the membrane target patch around the penetration flashing promotes positive drainage; once sealed in with target patches, the field cap sheet membrane may be installed. || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
<li>When the separation between penetration flashings is less than 304.8 mm (12") but greater than 203.2 mm (8") (Ref. [[#12.1.3.3. Separation Between Details | Article 12.1.3.3.]]), the penetrations must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | flashed together with a single membrane target patch that extends at least 152.4 mm (6") past the edge of the flashing flanges, || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | capped with the field membrane, and || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | additionally sealed at the base of the flashing tube with fleece-reinforced PMMA || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | conforming to the application requirements in || 2024-June-15 }} [[#12.3.2.6. Liquid Membrane Flashing | Article 12.3.2.6.]],
 +
<li>{{hilite | carried up the penetration flashing at least 101.6 mm (4"), and || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | carried onto the field cap sheet membrane at least 203.2 mm (8"). || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
</ol></li>
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>{{hilite | When the separation between penetration flashings is less than 203.2 mm (8"), the penetrations must be waterproofed || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | with a curb, || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | by elevating the penetrations above the drainage plane, or || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | with another method acceptable to the '''''Guarantor''''' || 2024-June-15 }} (See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-12.3.2.1.(13.) | Note A-12.3.2.1.(13.)]]).
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>Sheet membrane target patches applied over flanged penetration flashings {{hilite | shall be || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{strike| shall be || 2023-January-26  }}{{hilite | cut from a single piece of base sheet membrane (when the penetration is large, the target patch may be cut from two pieces of membrane that must be joined with laps at least 152.4 mm (6”) in width, || 2024-June-15 }}
 +
<li>{{strike| must be || 2023-January-26  }} {{strike| a single piece or, when the penetration is large, two pieces that must be joined with laps at least 152.4 mm (6”) in width, || 2023-June-15 }} {{hilite | sized to extend past the edge of the flashing flange onto the roof field by at least 101.6 mm (4") (for non-conforming penetration spacing, see Sentence (12) in this Article) || 2024-June-15 }},
 +
<li>{{strike| must || 2023-January-26 }} {{hilite | aligned || 2024-January-31 }} with the base field membrane runs, or be turned 45-degrees to the base field membrane,
 +
<li>{{strike| shall || 2023-January-26  }} {{hilite | sealed to || 2024-January-31 }} the entire flange, terminating approximately 12.7 mm (1/2") from the flashing upstand, and
 +
{{strike| must|| 2023-January-26  }} {{strike| extend past the edge of the flange, onto the roof field, by at least 101.6 mm (4”), and || 2023-June-15 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | sealed to the field membrane beyond the edge of the flashing flange, as evidenced by continuous bleed out of bitumen along all edges of the patch (Ref. || 2024-January-31 }} [[#9.3.2.6. Membrane Seams | Article 9.3.2.6.]] {{hilite | concerning seams). || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
{{strike| <li><span class="principles">should show continuous visible bleed-out of bitumen along all edges of the patch</span>. || 2023-January-26 }}
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>Cap membrane installed over a flanged penetration flashing
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>shall extend past the edge of the target patch membrane and terminate at the flashing upstand, and
 +
<li>must be sealed along the cut edge of the membrane with
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | a compatible mastic embedded with granules|| 2020-July-3 }}, or
 +
<li>{{hilite | a reinforced 2-component liquid membrane flashing, applied in keeping with the standards found in [[#12.3.2.6. Liquid Membrane Flashing | Article 12.3.2.6.]]|| 2020-July-3 }}
 +
</ol></li>
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>Retrofit flashings (metal flashings fitted together around a penetration and riveted or clamped together) shall be flashed with
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>base sheet membrane flashing carried up the vertical face of the flashing at least 203.2 mm (8") and past the base flange at least 101.6 mm (4"), and
 +
<li>cap sheet membrane flashing which fully covers the base sheet flashing and extends past the termination of the base flashing by at least 50.2 mm (2")(Ref. [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=SBS_2-Part_Retrofit_Flashing_(Cable_Penetration) Construction Detail "2-Part Retrofit Flashing (Cable Penetration)"]).
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Where a purpose-made flashing does not fit the penetration (i.e., a penetration that is a square post), or when a penetration extends above the top edge of the flashing so that it cannot be enclosed with a cap {{hilite | See '''Figure 12.3.2.3.-A'''|| 2025-October-25 }}), the gap between the penetration and the flashing must be bridged and sealed || 2023-October-28 }}|| 2020-July-3 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>by wrapping the joint with a properly-sized piece of {{hilite |semi-cured EPDM (or its equivalent)|| 2020-July-3 }},
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | loosely wrapped around the penetration and the flashing at least 1-1/2 times, or adhered to itself and overlapped at least 50.8 mm (2") ||2021-February-7 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | installed free of wrinkles or fish-mouths ||2021-February-7 }},
 +
<li>applied so that it extends on either side of the joint by at least 50.8 mm (2"), and
 +
<li>{{hilite | clamped at the top and at the bottom using stainless steel clamps set back from the membrane edge no more than 6.35 mm (1/4") ||2021-February-7 }}, or
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>with {{hilite | heat- ||2021-February-7 }}shrink tubing that
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | {{hilite | extends onto both the flashing and the penetration || 2023-October-28 }} by at least 50.8 mm (2") ||2021-February-7 }},
 +
<li>is secured with stainless steel mechanical clamps installed at each end of the tubing, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | is caulked with an acceptable sealant (when adhesive-lined heat-shrink tubing is used, the sealant may be omitted). || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
</ol></li>
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Penetrations that are flashed but are not immediately sealed using the methods described above must be temporarily protected from the weather with at least one properly fitted, level storm collar. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | Unshielded flexible mechanical ("MJ") couplings || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | shall be clamped to the penetration and its flashing, and sealed along the top edge with an acceptable sealant, and || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | are suitable for use only with penetrations that will not expand, contract, or move with anticipated building settlement, i.e., fall protection anchors. || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>{{hilite | On a vertical penetration where a seal cannot be made between the flashing and the penetration (i.e., where the penetration is a hot pipe, or where movement of the penetration is anticipated), the opening between the penetration and top of the flashing must be protected with || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | at least one storm collar, secured with a separate mechanical (screw-type) clamp, || 2023-June-16 }} or
 +
<li>{{hilite | no fewer than two storm collars, each manufactured with friction-type clips, and spaced approximately 25.4 mm (1") apart. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>{{hilite | All installed storm collars must be sealed with a continuous, untooled bead of acceptable sealant at least 9.53 mm (3/8”) wide, applied to and centered over the joint between the collar and the penetration|| 2020-July-3 }}. 
 +
<li>Reinforced liquid membrane flashing systems may be used {{hilite | (where permitted in || 2025-October-25 }} [[#12.3.2.6. Liquid Membrane Flashing | {{hilite | Article 12.3.2.6. || 2025-October-25 }}]]) to seal a penetration on, or within 203.2 mm (8") of, the drainage plane, but only where
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | the penetration is structurally attached to a solid roof ''deck'' (concrete or mass timber)|| 2023-June-16 }} {{hilite | and the penetration will not move, shrink, or expand, || 2025-October-25 }} or
 +
<li>{{hilite | the penetration is structurally independent of the roof ''deck'', but is of the same type of material (i.e., steel post passing through a steel deck), || 2023-June-16 }} and
 +
<li>sheet membrane applications are not practicable (i.e., complex geometry), or
 +
<li>the top edge of sheet membrane plies must be terminated on a vertical surface and other means of terminating them are not practicable or even possible.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
</ol></li>
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<br>
 +
::{|
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 12.3.2.3.-A Alternate Flashing of Pipe Penetration''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Sentence 12.3.2.3.(16) || 2025-October-25 }}<br><small>(Click to expand illustration)</small>
 
|-
 
|-
 +
|  [[File:Figure 11.3.3.1-1 (SBS).jpg |link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/2/24/Figure_11.3.3.1-1_%28SBS%29.jpg  | 400 px]]
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
===Materials===
+
====12.3.2.2. Galvanized Penetration Flashings====
−
See also '''3.2.2 Gravel Ballast''' in '''3 SECURING the ROOF ASSEMBLY'''.
+
 
−
#Membranes must conform to the material requirements set out in '''9.2.1 Composition, Thickness and Selection'''.
+
<ol>
−
#Insulation must be Type IV XPS, and must be supplied by the roofing contractor. Refer to '''7.2 Materials'''.
+
<li>Galvanized, hot-welded flashings and vents {{strike| may be || 2022-October-28 }} installed on the ''drainage plane'' of ''uninsulated'' or ''conventionally insulated systems''{{strike| , provided || 2022-October-28 }}
−
#Drainage mats and filter fabrics must conform to the Standards set out for overburdens in '''14.2.3'''.
+
<ol>
−
#Gravel ballast used to secure a ''Protected Membrane Roof'' (or MPM Roof) assembly must be clean, washed, round or crushed stone, falling within the following gradations:
+
<li>{{strike| the penetration flashing above the base flange is additionally flashed with an accepted liquid flashing system, to isolate the flashing from standing water, and || 2022-October-28 }} {{hilite | are permissible provided the base opening of the vent does not exceed 0.126 m<sup>2</sup> (196 in.<sup>2</sup>) || 2023-October-28 }},
−
##35 mm (1 ½") - 100 % Passing
+
<li>{{hilite | may be uncoated, provided the roof is sloped at least 1:50 (1/4” in 12”), or the flashing is located in a well-drained area, and || 2023-October-28 }}
−
##25 mm (1") 70 - 100 % Passing
+
<li>{{hilite | shall be coated with a liquid flashing system conforming to the application requirements in this Article, when || 2023-October-14 }}
−
##20 mm (¾") 5 - 20 % Passing
+
<ol>
−
##12.7 mm (½") 0 - 6 % Passing
+
<li>{{hilite | the roof is sloped less than 1:50 (1/4” in 12”), || 2023-October-28 }}
−
##5 mm (3/16") 0 - 2 % Passing
+
<li>{{hilite | the flashing is located in a valley, or || 2023-October-28 }}
−
Any variance to the above must be accepted by the owner or the owner's representative and be confirmed in writing.
+
<li>{{hilite | the flashing will be regular exposed to or submerged in water. || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
</ol></li>
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>All galvanized penetration flashings or vents specified for use in a ''protected roof system'' or ''modified protected roof system'' shall not be installed at the ''drainage plane'' and instead must be located on ''curbs'' no less than 203.2 mm (8") in height above the ''finished roof system surface''.
 +
{{strike| <li>{{hilite | Galvanized surfaces must be prepared in keeping with the ''manufacturer’s'' published requirements. || 2023-June-16 }} || 2022-October-28 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite |A liquid flashing system applied to flashings and vents|| 2021-February-7 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>may be a 2-component PMMA system or a single-component liquid flashing system,
 +
<li>{{hilite |must be listed in [[Division_C | Division C]] and acceptable to the '''''Guarantor''''' for this application,
 +
<li>shall be acceptable to the membrane manufacturer|| 2021-February-7 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | shall be applied evenly and with straight lines|| 2021-February-7 }},
 +
<li>must extend up the sides of the vent or flashing at least 101.6 mm (4") above the ''finished roof system surface'', and
 +
<li>{{hilite |must cover the edge of the sheet membrane where it forms a seal with the flashing|| 2021-October-30 }}.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">{{hilite | Two cured applications of a single-component liquid flashing system are recommended for enhanced durability|| 2021-February-7 }}</span>, but when a single-component liquid flashing system is specified for a {{hilite | '''''RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee''''', two (2) cured coats are required|| 2021-October-30 }} (Ref. [[#12.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee | Article 12.1.2.2.]]).
 +
</ol></li>
 +
 
 +
====12.3.2.3. Separation Between Penetration Flashings====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Penetrations {{hilite | on new construction ''projects''|| 2020-July-3 }} must be separated from
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>other penetrations, {{strike| drains, || 2023-June-15 }} curbs, walls, or changes in plane so that the space between flashings for these details is at least 304.8 mm (12") (this is measured between openings or the edge of a detail and excludes the flashing flange){{strike| ; {{hilite | the exception to this requirement is customized penetration flashings designed for multiple individual or clustered penetrations. || 2023-June-16 }} || 2023-June-15 }}, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''roof drains'' at least 457.20 (18") (Also see || 2024-June-15 }} [[#11.1.3.2. Roof Drain Function and Location | Article 11.1.3.2.]]{{hilite |) || 2024-June-15 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
{{strike| {{hilite | Penetrations that are closer together than the allowable minimum distance must be supported by a written Variance issued by the '''''Guarantor'''''. || 2023-June-16 }} || 2023-June-15 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | When the separation between penetration flashings does not conform to the minimum spacing requirements, the application options described in || 2024-June-15 }} [[#12.3.2.1. General Requirements for Flashing Penetrations | Article 12.3.2.1.]] {{hilite | must be followed || 2024-June-15 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====12.3.2.4. Curbs, Sleepers, and Equipment Pads====
  
−
===Application===
+
<ol>
−
====<big>General</big>====
+
<li>Sheet membrane flashing for ''curbs'' must provide continuous waterproofing from the roof field up the vertical plane, at least 203.2 mm (8”) above the ''finished roof system surface'' and shall conform to the requirements in [[#10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls | Article 10.3.2.3.]], unless otherwise specified or permitted in this Part; waterproofing of equipment installed on a curb (i.e., isolators and other mounts) is the responsibility of others.
−
#All components of a ''Protected'' or ''Modified Membrane Roof Assembly'', including the gravel or paver ballast, must be supplied and installed by the roofing contractor. Where a ''Vegetated System'' is used as ballast, the VRS may be installed by others, but the work must be coordinated with the roofing contractor, and the VRS installed immediately upon completion of the roofing contractor’s work, to ensure the roof system is held in place. See also '''12.1.3.5''' and '''14.1.2.2'''.
+
<li>{{hilite | Curb, sleeper, or equipment pad sheet membrane flashing || 2020-October-22 }}
−
<div id=SBSPMRAMEMBRANE></div>
+
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | shall be fully adhered to its substrate,|| 2020-October-22 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | base plies must lap onto the field base membrane by at least 101.6 mm (4"), or extend at least 50.8 mm (2") past perimeter mechanical fastener plates installed on the field, whichever is greater, || 2020-October-22 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | cap plies must lap onto the field cap membrane at least 50.8 mm (2") past the end of base membrane flashing plies, || 2020-October-22 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | base and cap plies must be carried up a vertical surface, above the ''finished roof system surface'', at least 203.2 mm (8") (the exception to this requirement is fully-enveloped sleepers or equipment pads), || 2020-October-22 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | must be hand rolled with a membrane manufacturer’s accepted roller, and || 2020-October-22 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | shall be secured to the substrate by the ''Contractor'' where membrane terminates on a vertical substrate. || 2020-October-22 }}
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>All inside and outside corners of sheet membrane-flashed curbs or walls must be reinforced with membrane gussets, each gusset measuring at least 101.6 mm x 152.4 mm (4” x 6”), excluding the tapered ends.
 +
<li>{{hilite | Exposed membrane edges on curbs must be protected from UV radiation, and from water intrusion, using a counter-flashing or options described in || 2023-June-16 }} [[#10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls | Article 10.3.2.3.]]
 +
<li>When installing heat-welded membranes, or where construction sequencing requires it, alternatives to conventional membrane flashing should be considered (Ref. [[#12.3.2.5. Alternative Approaches to Membrane Flashing | Article 12.3.2.5.]]).
 +
<li>Reinforced liquid membrane flashing systems shall conform to the requirements in [[#12.3.2.6. Liquid Membrane Flashing | Article 12.3.2.6.]], and may be used only
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>where sheet membrane applications are not practicable (i.e., complex geometry), or
 +
<li>where the top edge of membrane plies must be terminated on a vertical surface and other means of termination are not practicable or even possible (See also [[#12.3.2.6. Liquid Membrane Flashing | Article 12.3.2.6.]]).
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>Sleepers or equipment pads that are completely sealed (enveloped) with sheet membrane must be at least {{hilite | 101.6 mm (4") in height above the|| 2021-February-7 }} ''finished roof system surface'', {{hilite | but when fully enveloped sleepers or equipment pads are capped with ''linear metal flashing'', they must be at least 127 mm (5") in height above the ''finished roof system surface''|| 2021-February-7 }} to provide sufficient height for exposed fasteners.
 +
<li>All penetrations through the top surface of {{hilite | a sleeper or equipment pad|| 2021-February-7 }} must be sealed using
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | a compression sealant between the membrane and equipment supports|| 2021-February-7 }}, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | a universal sealant applied around the edges of equipment supports|| 2021-February-7 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Equipment ("housekeeping") pads placed on top of the ''finished roof system surface'' and supporting combined loads
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>less than 90 kg (200 lbs) must be separated from the membrane with a bond-breaking layer (i.e., XPS insulation), and
 +
<li>greater than 90 kg (200 lbs) must be waterproofed to conform to the requirements for structural sleepers or equipment pads in this Section.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
</ol></li>
  
−
====<big>Membranes</big>====
+
====12.3.2.5. Alternative Approaches to Membrane Flashing====
−
#Membranes, membrane flashing and insulation must be installed in keeping with the Standards found elsewhere in this '''Manual'''.
 
−
#No UV-sensitive membrane may be left exposed to UV radiation and must be fully protected by a granulated cap membrane, metal flashing or overburden.
 
−
#The second ply in a PMRA may be a base membrane that is acceptable to the membrane manufacturer for that application, and must meet the membrane requirements in '''9.2.1''' for puncture resistance and thickness.
 
−
#All membrane flashing must be carried up the vertical surface at least 200mm (8”) higher than the top of the ballast.
 
−
#Before any roof covering, structure or equipment is installed, roof membranes must be
 
−
##inspected.
 
−
##scanned for leaks, when an integrity scan is specified.
 
−
##free of deficiencies.
 
  
−
====<big>Insulation</big>====
+
<ol>
−
#Insulation must be installed by the roofing contractor.
+
<li>The ''Contractor'' must assess the best approach to waterproofing any detail, when site conditions or construction sequencing require alternatives to heat-welding.
 +
<li>When alternative methods are required,
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>curbs must be flashed by adapting the methods described in [[#10.3.8.2. Pre-flashing | Article 10.3.8.2.]], or by using other approaches that are equal or superior, and
 +
<li>penetrations must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>incorporated into an adhered or self-adhered field membrane system, or
 +
<li>flashed by using a pre-flashing method that is suitable for the penetration.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
====<big>Drainage and Penetrations</big>====
+
====12.3.2.6. Liquid Membrane Flashing====
−
#A drainage mat must be installed below the XPS insulation.  A second drainage layer may be installed above the insulation but is at the discretion of the ''Design Authority''.
 
−
#A filter fabric must be installed above the insulation and drainage layer.
 
−
#Specialized proprietary drainage products must be acceptable to the membrane manufacturer.
 
−
#Ballast guards must be installed around all roof drains. See '''11.2.2 Roof Drains & Scuppers'''.
 
−
#For drains and penetrations, refer to the Standards in '''11 DRAINS and PENETRATIONS'''.
 
  
−
====<big>Filter Fabric</big>====
+
<ol>
−
#Fabric filter mats must be  
+
<li>{{hilite | Any liquid flashing system shall be used only when permitted by the ''manufacturer'', and it's use shall conform to the permissible applications in this Article. || 2023-June-16 }}
−
##installed loose-laid (un-bonded) over the insulation and below any type of ballast or roof covering.
+
<li>{{hilite | Liquid membrane flashing systems may not be used on plastic substrates|| 2025-October-25 }}.
−
##overlapped at all edges a minimum of 300mm (12").
+
<li>Two-component fleece-reinforced catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and polyurethane methyl methacrylate (PUMA) liquid membrane flashing systems must be accepted by the '''''Guarantor''''' and listed in [[Division_C | Division C]], and  
−
##at least 2.5 m x 2.5 m (8’ x 8’) in size.
+
<ol>
−
##slit to fit over roof penetrations, and cut out around roof drains and other openings.
+
<li>may be used
−
#Filter fabric must extend up perimeter edges and curbs, and placed loose (unattached) under metal counter flashings or wall finishes. See also '''13.3.4.3''' concerning metal flashings.
+
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | on the ''drainage plane''|| 2021-February-7 }},
 +
<li>where sheet membrane flashing may not be practical or even possible,
 +
<li>{{hilite | to terminate the top edge|| 2021-February-7 }} of sheet membrane flashing,
 +
<li>{{hilite | for sheet membrane reinforcement (i.e., at corners)|| 2021-February-7 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | where abrasion resistance is desirable|| 2021-February-7 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | where resistance to contamination of sheet membrane is necessary|| 2021-February-7 }}, or
 +
<li>{{hilite | where the ''Design Authority'' specifies its application. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>must be compatible with the primary sheet membrane flashing,
 +
<li>shall be applied to a properly prepared substrate, which must be clean, dry, free of contaminants, and primed, all as required by the ''manufacturer'' in their published instructions,
 +
<li>must be applied within masked boundaries to produce clean, straight, plumb edges, and
 +
<li>shall be applied to ensure that
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>the rate of application conforms to the ''manufacturer's'' published instructions, unless superseded by this Standard,
 +
<li>the base coating of catalyzed liquid membrane resin evenly and fully covers the masked area,
 +
<li>the manufacturer’s reinforcement fleece {{hilite | is cut to|| 2021-February-7 }} cover the masked area, to within 4.76 mm (1/8”) of all edges,
 +
<li>the fleece is fully embedded in, and saturated with, the based coating of resin, and
 +
<li>the fleece is evenly and thoroughly coated with a second application of catalyzed liquid membrane resin, covering the masked area.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>Where a fleece-reinforced 2-component catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) liquid membrane flashing system is used to terminate sheet membrane on the vertical plane, the liquid membrane flashing system must overlap the sheet membrane, and it must extend onto the vertical substrate above the sheet membrane, by no less than 50.8 mm (2"){{strike| (Ref. Figure 12.3.2.-B)|| 2024-November-1 }}.  
 +
<li>Fleece-reinforced 2-component catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) liquid membrane flashing system that is used as a substitute for sheet membrane flashing must be carried up a vertical plane at least 203.2 mm (8”), and no less than 203.2 mm (8") onto the horizontal field plane ({{hilite | See '''Figure 12.3.2.6.-A'''|| 2025-October-25}}).
 +
<li>{{hilite | Single-component polyurethane and silicon-based liquid membrane flashing ''system''|| 2021-February-7 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>must be accepted by the '''''Guarantor''''', acceptable to the ''manufacturer'', and shall be listed in [[Division_C | Division C]],
 +
<li>{{hilite | may be used|| 2021-February-7 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | to coat galvanized flashings used in the water plane, provided the application follows the requirements in [[#12.3.2.2. Galvanized Penetration Flashings | Article 12.3.2.2., "Galvanized Penetration Flashings"]]|| 2021-February-7 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | to flash details more than 101.6 mm (4”) above the water plane, that cannot be sealed with sheet-type membranes|| 2021-February-7 }}, or
 +
<li>{{hilite | to seal pre-curb dowels (see [[#14.3.2.7. Structures and Equipment | Article 14.3.2.7.]])|| 2021-February-7 }}.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>{{hilite | must not be used in the ''drainage plane'', or to reinforce membranes against abrasion|| 2021-February-7 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | must be applied in two cured coats, unless otherwise permitted in this Standard|| 2021-February-7 }}, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | must be fleece-reinforced between coats where|| 2021-February-7 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | the application is considered permanent, || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | a change in plane (angle) occurs|| 2021-February-7 }}, or
 +
<li>{{hilite | there is a joint between two supports and the liquid membrane must serve as a bridge|| 2021-February-7 }}.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Accessory PMMA detailing products|| 2021-February-7 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>must be accepted by the '''''Guarantor''''', acceptable to the ''manufacturer'', and listed in [[Division_C | Division C]],
 +
<li>{{hilite | must be|| 2021-October-30 }} reinforced with chopped or loose fibres,
 +
<li>{{hilite | shall not be used as a substitute for fleece-reinforced 2-component PMMA systems, where these are required or exclusively permitted|| 2021-February-7 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | must be used at locations  101.6 mm (4”) or more above the ''drainage plane''|| 2021-February-7 }}, {{hilite | except where complex details, such as bolt heads, cannot be properly sealed with a fleece-reinforced 2-component PMMA system|| 2021-October-30 }}, and
 +
<li>{{hilite | must not be used where movement is expected|| 2021-February-7 }}.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<br>
 +
::{|
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 12.3.2.6.-A Application Requirements for PMMA on Roof Penetration''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Sentence 12.3.2.6.(4) || 2025-October-25 }}<br><small>(Click to expand illustration)</small>
 +
|-
 +
|  [[File:Figure 12.3.-B (Generic).jpg  |link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/7/75/Figure_12.3.-B_%28Generic%29.jpg  | 400 px]]
 +
|}
  
−
====<big>Gravel and Paver Ballast</big>====
+
====12.3.2.7. Railings, Ladders, and Other Attached Structures====
−
#Gravel or pavers used as ballast on a PMRA constitute part of the roof assembly and therefore each kind of ballast must
+
(See also Construction Detail [[SBS Railing | "Railing"]])
−
##conform to the minimum requirements set out in '''3 SECURING the ROOF ASSEMBLY'''.
 
−
##be evenly distributed or installed over the insulation, drainage layer and filter fabric assembly.
 
−
##be installed by the roofing Contractor, not by another trade.
 
  
−
==Built-in Membrane Gutters==
+
<ol>
−
===Design===
+
<li>Fasteners installed to secure railings, ladders, and other structures to the vertical face of walls must be located at least 88.9 mm (3-1/2") above the ''finished roof surface''.
−
#When a built in membrane gutter adjoins a RoofStar-guaranteed {{hilite | water-shedding || 2020-February-15 }} roof, the gutter waterproofing must be constructed by the roofing ''Contractor'' to be included by the '''''RoofStar Guarantee'''''. Built-in membrane gutters that drain a roof not covered by a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' are not eligible for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee'''''.
+
<li>Railings, ladders, and other structures mounted on a waterproofed horizontal substrate that is part of the ''roof assembly'' (i.e., on top of a parapet) shall be fully flashed around each base with a fleece-reinforced liquid membrane flashing material, unless directed otherwise by a written Variance issued by the '''''Guarantor''''', using a product that is
−
#Insulated {{hilite | waterproofing roof assemblies || 2020-February-15 }} that drain into a built-in gutter must abut solid blocking at the gutter edge that provides
+
<ol>
−
##a stop for the insulation assembly.
+
<li>suitable for use in the ''drainage plane'',  
−
##a solid substrate for the securement of flashings and membranes.
+
<li>applied in keeping with the requirements in [[#12.3.2.6. Liquid Membrane Flashing | Article 12.3.2.6.]], and
−
#The ''Design Authority'' is responsible to design the gutter for its anticipated capacity, with consideration given to
+
<li>compatible with roofing membranes installed on the substrate.</span>
−
##rainfall and snow load calculations for the building location.
+
</li></ol>
−
##drain type, size and flow rate.
+
<li>Railings, ladders, and other structures shall not direct water into a ''roof system'' by means of weep holes or the method of fastening.
−
##size and placement of the overflow drain<br/><br/>
+
</li></ol>
−
#:For rainfall and snow load capacities, refer to the ''British Columbia Building Code, Div. B, Appendix C, Table C-2'' which lists various types of loads, including rain and snow loads, for specific reference locations throughout the province.
 
−
#Only fully-adhered membranes or acceptable metal gutter liners may be used in built-in gutters.
 
−
#When an SBS-modified membrane roof assembly transitions to a {{hilite | water-shedding || 2020-February-15 }} roof by way of a built-in gutter, the gutter membrane must be carried up the slope (when measured vertically from the maximum water level)
 
−
##at least 150 mm (6”).
 
−
##at least 300 mm (12”) in regions with typical heavy snow.
 
−
#{{hilite | New || 2020-February-15 }} gutters shall be designed with a minimum width of 300 mm (12”) and a depth not exceeding the gutter’s width.  At least 100 mm (4") clearance on the horizontal plane is required between any gutter wall and the
 
−
##the edge of the drain bowl for spun drains.
 
−
##the edge of the drain leader for flat spun or welded drains.<br><p>Cast drains must be installed according to the requirements set out in '''11.3.2 Roof Drains'''.</p>
 
−
#{{hilite | To qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''', existing gutters should be redesigned if their capacity is undersized, but must nevertheless incorporate an overflow drain in keeping with the Standards in this Section.  Where the primary drain in an existing gutter is undersized for the capacity of the gutter, the primary drain must be replace with a properly sized drain. || 2020-February-15 }}
 
−
#An overflow drain must be located at least
 
−
##100 mm (4”) above the primary gutter drain.
 
−
##25 mm (1”) below any mechanical fasteners used to secure the adjoining roof assembly.
 
−
#For transitions between the built-in gutter and steep roof assemblies, refer to Section 12 in any of the [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Steep_Slope_Roofs '''Steep Slope Roofs'''] sections.
 
  
−
===Materials===
+
====12.3.2.8. Sealant Pockets====
−
NOTE: These material standards are applicable to membrane gutters for all {{hilite | membrane-based waterproofing systems || 2020-February-15 }}; hence, references to various membrane types.
+
 
−
#Only EPDM, PVC, TPO, 2-ply modified bituminous membranes or reinforced PMMA are acceptable for this application:
+
<ol>
−
##Single-ply non-bituminous membrane thickness must be no less than 60 mils (1.524 mm).
+
<li><span class="recommended">Pourable sealant pockets should be used only when sealing penetration with sheet membranes or reinforced liquid membrane flashing is impractical</span>.
−
##2-ply bituminous membranes must meet the minimum thickness requirements in '''9.2.1 Composition, Thickness and Selection'''.
+
<li>{{hilite | Sealant pockets must be|| 2020-July-3 }}
−
##Reinforced PMMA liquid membrane systems approved for field use, applied on an accepted SBS-modified base membrane.
+
<ol>
−
#A metal gutter liner may be fabricated from
+
<li>{{hilite | at least 50.8 mm (2”) deep|| 2020-July-3 }}, and
−
##copper sheet material, incorporating soldered seams.
+
<li>{{hilite | large enough to provide at least 25.4 mm (1”) of fillable space on all sides of the penetration|| 2020-July-3 }}.
−
##stainless steel, incorporating welded seams.
+
</li></ol>
−
See '''13.2.1 Sheet Metal Grade and Gauge''' for gauge requirements.  See also ''Application'' below.
+
<li>When pourable sealant pockets are installed,  
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>the penetration surfaces must be properly prepared following the sealant manufacturer’s instructions, {{hilite | to ensure a good bond between the penetration and the sealant|| 2020-July-3 }},
 +
<li>only the membrane manufacturer’s approved proprietary UV-stable urethane-based structural sealants may be used to fill sealant pockets,
 +
<li>the sealant must be crowned to shed water,
 +
<li>the sealant pocket shall be sealed to the roof membrane following requirements published elsewhere in this Standard, and
 +
<li>a site-formed non-bituminous flexible roof membrane storm collar must be fitted and secured to the penetration with stainless steel clamps.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
===Application===
 
−
#All gutter membranes must be installed according to the membrane manufacturer’s published instructions.
 
−
#Gutter membranes must be
 
−
##installed perpendicular to the gutter length.
 
−
##carried up an adjoining {{hilite | water-shedding asssembly || 2020-February-15 }} (measured vertically from the maximum water level)
 
−
###at least 150 mm (6”).
 
−
###at least 300 mm (12”) in regions with typical heavy snow.
 
−
##lapped under and sealed to the adjoining membranes at least 150 mm (6”).
 
−
##installed in keeping with Application requirements in this '''Manual'''.
 
−
#Gutter membranes must be mechanically secured at their terminations, both on the outside of the gutter edge and on the field. Fasteners securing the membrane on the field must be placed at least 150 mm (6”) above the maximum water level. Securement fastener spacing shall be no more than 300 mm (12”) O.C.
 
−
#Gutter drains and overflows must be installed in keeping with the ''Design'' requirements outlined in ''Design'' above.  Drain flanges that are bent to accommodate the side walls of the gutter must be mechanically fastened to the gutter wall before membrane application.  Refer to the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Standards''''' for roof drains in any of the {{hilite | waterproofing roof assembly || 2020-February-15 }} '''''Guarantee Standards'''''.
 
−
#A metal gutter liner
 
−
##fabricated from copper sheet material must incorporate soldered seams.
 
−
##fabricated from stainless steel must incorporate welded seams.
 
−
##must be installed
 
−
###over an adhered single ply membrane no less than 2.3 mm (bituminous membranes) or 60 mils (non-bituminous membranes).
 
−
###with a slip sheet between the membrane and the metal liner to prevent damage to the membrane caused by the liner at its joints.
 
−
#When an adjoining {{hilite | water-shedding assembly || 2020-February-15 }} is insulated (typically ASM only), the transition from gutter to {{hilite | the water-shedding assembly || 2020-February-15 }} may require the use of tapered insulation incorporating a drainage plane between layers of tapered insulation.  See [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php/ASM_Details:E1.7.16_(Built-in_Gutter_Membrane_/_Underlayment_/_Vapour_Barrier_Transition) '''Construction Detail E1.7.16 Built-in Gutter'''] for an illustrated example.
 
 
<hr>
 
<hr>
−
<div id=SBSMETALFLASH></div>
+
<div id=PART_13></div>
 +
 
 +
=Part 13 - Linear Metal Flashing=
 +
==Section 13.1. Design==
 +
===13.1.1. General===
 +
====13.1.1.1. Scope====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====13.1.1.2. {{strike| Definitions || 2024-October-23 }}{{hilite | Defined Terms || 2025-October-25 }}====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]].  Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part:
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Drip edge'' means the bent (kicked-out) hemmed edge of a linear metal flashing, measuring at least 19.05 mm (3/4") and angled no more than 30° from vertical ("Architectural Sheet Metal Manual" published by the Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association, Inc. (SMACNA), Sixth Ed.: p. 2.3); it is used to direct dripping water away from the face of the metal flashing or the materials it is protecting, such as a wall. A drip edge may be fabricated on any linear metal flashing but is commonly used on coping (parapet cap) and counter-flashing (also see the Glossary for a colloquial use of the term). || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Hemmed edge'' means an edge of a ''linear metal flashing'' that is folded onto itself (bent 180°), to render a smooth (not raw or sharp) finish (this is sometimes referred to as a "safety edge"). || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Linear metal flashing''|| 2021-June-30 }} {{hilite | means flashings cut and shaped from flat metal stock, to redirect water at roof perimeters and edges, or to control the flow of water in valleys and drainage spillways.  ''Linear metal flashings'' also protect roof membranes from weathering and damage and provide an aesthetic finish to the ''roof system''|| 2021-June-30 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===13.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
 +
====13.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====13.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and shall
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>include only ''linear metal flashings'' fabricated from 24-guage stock (or thicker).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
=METAL FLASHINGS=
+
===13.1.3. All Systems===
−
==General==
+
====13.1.3.1. Scope and Function====
−
This section pertains to linear metal flashings (different from penetration flashings), fabricated from sheet metal and designed to divert water away from the membrane flashing termination, usually onto the roof. The metal flashing also protects the membrane from weathering and damage, provides an aesthetic finish to the roof assembly. The metal flashing is not a waterproofing component. Consequently, the roofing membrane should be continuous under the metal (see membrane flashing requirements under '''10 PERIMETERS and WALLS''' and '''11 DRAINS and PENETRATIONS''').
+
(See also the "Architectural Sheet Metal Manual" published by the Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association, Inc. (SMACNA))
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>''Linear metal flashings'' described in this Part and referenced elsewhere in this Standard
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>are considered necessary and integral to the scope of a ''project'' designed and constructed to qualify for a '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''',
 +
<li>do not perform a waterproofing function and therefore must be specified for use over membrane flashing, or designed to shed water onto a waterproofing or water-shedding primary material,
 +
<li>shall be new (reuse of any existing ''linear metal flashings'' is prohibited and may void the '''''Guarantee''''' (See [[Guarantee#3.2.1.2._Limitations_and_Exclusions_of_Guarantee | Division A, Article 3.2.1.2., "Limitations and Exclusions of Guarantee"]]), and
 +
<li>shall be ''Contractor''-fabricated to suit the ''project'' requirements or shall be listed in [[Division_C | Division C]] as materials pre-engineered and manufactured by a metal supplier.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>The requirements in this Part apply almost entirely to ''Contractor''-fabricated linear metal flashings; consequently, RoofStar-accepted pre-engineered products accepted as systems are exempt from the requirements in this Part for metal gauge, profile, and securement, unless expressly stated otherwise.
 +
<li>''Linear metal flashings''
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>must be specified when UV-sensitive membranes require protection, or when membrane edges will otherwise be exposed to the sun, to water, or to physical damage, and
 +
<li><span class="principles">may be specified to cover ''parapet'' caps, sleepers, or curbs</span>
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="principles">for aesthetic reasons</span>, or
 +
<li><span class="principles">to protect the membrane from damage resulting from maintenance (i.e., pressure washing of decks or pavers), or from foot traffic</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
Linear metal flashings include, without limitation,
+
====13.1.3.2. Information Required in Specifications====
−
*Coping (cap) flashing.
 
−
*Counter-flashing.
 
−
*Base flashing.
 
−
*Fascia flashing.
 
−
*Perimeter edge flashing (similar to a “gravel stop” flashing).
 
−
For further details, the ''Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association, Inc.'' (SMACNA) publishes a reliable reference for the proper design and installation of architectural sheet metal.
 
  
−
===Definitions===
 
−
Refer to the [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Glossary '''Glossary'''] for further definitions of key terms used in this '''Manual'''.
 
−
===Design===
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>The ''Design Authority'' must specify
+
<li>{{hilite | Subject to the requirements in this Standard,|| 2021-February-7 }} the ''Design Authority'' must specify
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>metal type, finish, and gauge,
 +
<li>seam types,
 +
<li>length of flashings (if different from the requirements in this Part), and
 +
<li>method of attachment (concealed or exposed fasteners).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Design drawings must detail metal flashing profiles desired for the ''project''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====13.1.3.3. Securement====
 +
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>metal type, finish and gauge.
+
<li>Securement of all ''linear metal flashings'' shall be specified in keeping with the application requirements in [[#13.3.2.1. General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing | Article 13.3.2.1.]]
−
<li>seam types.
+
</li></ol>
−
<li>length of flashings (if different from the '''''Guarantee Standards''''' outlined below)
+
 
−
<li>method of attachment (concealed or exposed fasteners).</li></ol>
+
====13.1.3.4. Gauge, Dimension Limitations, and Seams====
−
<li>Design drawings must detail metal flashing profiles desired for the Project; keep metal flashings away from the water plane or standing water by at least 25 mm (1”).
+
 
−
<li>Membranes that are UV-sensitive must be protected with metal flashings.  Metal flashings are not required when the membrane is continuous and otherwise protected from UV radiation (as, for example, sleepers enveloped with a UV-resistant or granule-surfaced membrane).
 
−
<li>All exposed membrane edges must be protected with metal flashings or a 2-part reinforced liquid flashing (in conformity with '''11.3.3.3 Liquid Membrane Flashings''').
 
−
<li><span class="principles">Notwithstanding the foregoing, the ''Design Authority'' may specify metal flashings to cover parapet caps, sleepers or curbs</span>
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li><span class="principles">for aesthetic reasons</span>.
+
<li>Gauge, dimensions, slope, and length of ''linear metal flashings'' must be specified to conform to the requirements in {{hilite | '''Table 13.1.3.4.-A'''|| 2025-October-25 }} and [[#13.2.1.2. Sheet Metal Grade and Gauge | Article 13.2.1.2.]], but shall not be less than 26-Gauge.
−
<li><span class="principles">to protect the membrane from damage resulting from maintenance, pressure washing of decks or pavers, or foot traffic</span>.</li></ol>
+
<li>Specified seam types shall conform to the requirements in {{hilite | '''Table 13.1.3.4.-B'''|| 2025-October-25 }} and [[#13.3.2.2. Seams | Article 13.3.2.2.]]
−
<div id=SBSSLOPEDWOODBLOCKING></div>
+
</li></ol>
−
<li>When the top surface of a wall exceeds 100 mm (4") in width, it must be sloped to promote drainage; slope the top surface at least 2% toward the roof. Drainage toward the exterior of a building is not recommended.
+
<br>
−
<li>Any metal cap (coping) flashings must be fully supported.
+
::::::{|
−
<li>As length and breadth of metal cap (coping) flashings increases, it is necessary to adjust the gauge and length of flashing segments to counteract anticipated distortions. Each type of metal will behave differently. The following standards apply to the use of pre-finished galvanized steel (the most commonly used material for metal flashings) when stiffeners or cross-breaking are not used to counter-act oil canning.  The ''Design Authority'' must specify slope, gauge and length using the standards in the table below:<br>
+
|-
−
{| class="wikitable" style="margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: auto;border-color:#E7E9E9;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"
+
|-
−
|+ Table 13.1 Pre-finished Galvanized Steel Cap (Coping) Flashing (Gauge and Length Standards)
+
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Table 13.1.3.4.-A.<br>Pre-finished Galvanized Steel Cap (Coping) Flashing (Gauge and Length Standards)''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Sentence 13.1.3.4.(1). || 2025-October-25 }}
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 20pt; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
 
|-
 
|-
 
! Horizontal Span !! Minimum<br>Slope !! Gauge !! Maximum Flashing<br>Segment Length !! Seam Options
 
! Horizontal Span !! Minimum<br>Slope !! Gauge !! Maximum Flashing<br>Segment Length !! Seam Options
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"  | Up to 300 mm (12") || rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"  | 2% || 26, 24 || rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"  | 3000 mm (10')|| S-lock or Standing Seam
+
|  rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"  | Up to 304.8 mm (12") || rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"  | 2% || 26, 24 || rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"  | 3048 mm (120")|| S-lock or Standing Seam
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  22+ || Butt Seams*
 
|  22+ || Butt Seams*
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"  | 300 - 900 mm (12" to 36") || rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"  | 4% || 24 || rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"  | 3000 mm (10')|| S-lock or Standing Seam
+
|  rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"  | 304.8 - 914.4 mm (12" to 36") || rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"  | 4% || 24 || rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"  | 3048 mm (120")|| S-lock or Standing Seam
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  22+ || Butt Seams*
 
|  22+ || Butt Seams*
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"  | 900 mm or greater || rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"  | 6% || 24 || rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"  | 1200 mm (4')|| S-lock or Standing Seam
+
|  rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"  | 914.4 mm (36") or greater || rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"  | 6% || 24 || rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:centre;text-align:center;"  | 1219.2 mm (48")|| S-lock or Standing Seam
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  22+ || Butt Seams*
 
|  22+ || Butt Seams*
 
|}
 
|}
−
::''*'' Refer to '''13.3.3 Seams'''
+
::''*'' Ref. [[#13.3.2.2. Seams | Article 13.3.2.2., "Seams"]]
−
</li>
+
 
−
<li>To minimize oil-canning of metal flashings attached vertically, without the use of stiffener ribs or cross-breaking, the following standards apply to pre-finished galvanized steel, which is the most commonly used material for metal flashings.  <span class="principles">The ''Design Authority'' should specify slope, gauge and length using the standards in the table below</span>:<br>
+
::::::{|
−
{|  class="wikitable" style="margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: auto;border-color:#E7E9E9;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"   
+
|-
−
|+ Table 13.2  Pre-finished Galvanized Steel Vertical Flashing (Gauge and Length Standards)
+
|-
 +
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Table 13.1.3.4.-B.<br>Pre-finished Galvanized Steel Vertical Flashing (Gauge and Length Standards)''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Sentence 13.1.3.4.(2). || 2025-October-25 }}
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
:::::{|  class="wikitable" style="margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: auto;border-color:#E7E9E9;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"   
 
|-
 
|-
 
! Vertical Face !! Gauge!! Maximum Flashing<br>Segment Length !! Vertical Seam Options
 
! Vertical Face !! Gauge!! Maximum Flashing<br>Segment Length !! Vertical Seam Options
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Up to 150 mm (6") || 26 || 3000 mm (10') || S-lock
+
| Up to 152.4 mm (6") || 26 || 3048 mm (120") || S-lock
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Up to 200 mm (8") || 24 || 3000 mm (10') || S-lock
+
| Up to 203.2 mm (8") || 24 || 3048 mm (120") || S-lock
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Up to 300 mm (12") || 22+ || 3000 mm (10') || Butt Seams*
+
| Up to 304.8 mm (12") || 22+ || 3048 mm (120") || Butt Seams*
 
|}
 
|}
−
::''*'' Refer to '''13.3.3 Seams'''
+
::''*'' Ref. [[#13.3.2.2. Seams | Article 13.3.2.2., "Seams"]]
−
</li>
+
 
−
<li><span class="recommended">{{hilite | Drip edges are not required, but strongly recommended for flashings around the outside perimeter of a building, in order to protect wall finishes, || 2020-February-15 }}</span> {{hilite | and when drip edges are used they must extend at least 12 mm (1/2”) from the vertical face. || 2020-February-15 }}
+
====13.1.3.5. Fit and Finish====
−
<li>{{hilite | All flashings, regardless of their profile or application, must be hemmed. || 2020-February-15 }}
+
 
−
<li>Where a parapet intersects with a wall, water must be directed to the outer surface of the wall by flashing the union with
 
 
<ol>
 
<ol>
−
<li>membrane flashing.
+
<li>Fit and finish of all ''linear metal flashings'' shall conform to the requirements in [[#13.2.2. Fabrication and Finish | Subsection 13.2.2.]]
−
<li>membrane gussets at the corners.
+
<li><span class="recommended">''Drip edges'' are not required but are strongly recommended for ''linear metal flashings'' installed around the outside perimeter of a building, to protect ''wall'' finishes</span>  (Ref. [[#13.2.2.1. Fabrication of Flashing | Article 13.2.2.1.]] for fabrication requirements).
−
<li>a metal saddle assembly.</ol></li>
+
</li></ol>
−
<li>Gum-edged flashings must be approved by a written Variance from the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program'''''.</ol></li>
+
 
 +
====13.1.3.6. Cap Flashing, Counter-flashing, and Reglet Flashing====
  
−
==Materials==
+
<ol>
−
===Sheet Metal Grade and Gauge===
+
<li>{{hilite | Cap (coping) flashings || 2024-January-31 }}
−
#A mill certificate must be provided by the roofing contractor when requested by the ''Design Authority''.
+
<ol>
−
#The following minimum gauges and / or weights of commonly used metals or alloys are acceptable for use in the '''''RoofStar Guarantee Program'''''.
+
<li>{{hilite | are required for all ''parapets'' (including parapets on roof areas that are adjacent to each other), || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | are optional for roof dividers that are fully enveloped with roofing membrane (Ref. || 2024-January-31 }} [[#10.3.6.2. Control Joints (Roof Dividers) | Article 10.3.6.2.]]), {{hilite | and || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li><span class="recommended">{{hilite | are recommended on roof dividers where the membrane may be susceptible to abrasion or mechanical damage || 2024-January-31 }}</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | All linear metal cap (coping) flashing specified for ''parapets'' shall indicate securement to a solid substrate || 2024-January-26 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | at every seam, using S-locks or standing seam clips (Ref. || 2024-January-31 }} [[#13.3.2.2. Seams | Article 13.3.2.2., "Seams"]]),
 +
<li>{{hilite | beneath the outside vertical face of the flashing, using hidden clips (Ref. || 2024-January-31 }}[[#13.3.2.3. Cap Flashing, Counter-flashing, and Reglet Flashing | Article 13.3.2.3.]]), {{hilite | and || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | on the roof-side (inside) face of the flashing. || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | The use of exposed fasteners on the exterior face of cap (coping) flashing specified for ''parapets'' is not permissible. || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>When the top surface of a ''wall'' exceeds 101.6 mm (4") in width, linear metal coping (cap) flashing must be specified with a minimum slope of 2% toward the roof-side of the parapet, to promote drainage (<span class="recommended">drainage toward the exterior of a building is <u>not recommended</u></span>).
 +
<li>All metal cap (coping) flashing must be designed with full, solid support.
 +
<li>When the specified cap flashing material is thicker or heavier than 18-gauge steel or aluminum, or it exceeds the permissible weight or gauge ranges for copper or zinc flashings, the seam and securement design must be submitted to the '''''Guarantor''''' for review prior to tender (See [[#13.3.2.2. Seams | Article 13.3.2.2.]] concerning flat butt seams).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====13.1.3.7. Intersections with Other Assemblies====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Where a ''parapet'' intersects with a ''wall'', the union must be designed to direct water to the roof, away from the outer surface of the ''wall'', using a metal saddle assembly in combination with the membrane requirements in [[#10.3.4.1. Parapets | Article 10.3.4.1.]] (Ref. [[#13.3.2.3. Cap Flashing, Counter-flashing, and Reglet Flashing | Article 13.3.2.3.]]).
 +
</ol></li>
 +
 
 +
==Section 13.2. Materials==
 +
(Ref. [[Guarantee#3.2.1.2._Limitations_and_Exclusions_of_Guarantee | Division A, Article 3.2.1.2.]] concerning limitations and exclusions for metal flashing.)
 +
 
 +
===13.2.1. Material Properties===
 +
====13.2.1.1. Manufacturing and Supply====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Linear metal flashings'' must be new, manufactured and supplied by the ''Contractor'' or by an Associate Member of the RCABC, and must conform to the requirements published in this Part.|| 2022-February-5 }}
 +
</ol></li>
 +
 
 +
====13.2.1.2. Sheet Metal Grade and Gauge====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>A mill certificate must be provided by the ''Contractor'' when requested by the ''Design Authority''.
 +
<li>The following minimum gauges and/or weights of <u>sheet steel materials</u> apply to all ''linear metal flashings'' (the reference standard for gauges is USS REV (metric in mm)):
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>'''Galvanized steel''': minimum  0.50 mm (0.0196", 26-gauge) galvanized steel sheet, conforming to ASTM A653 / A653M-06 CS Type B, Z275 (G90) coating. Thickness tolerance as per ASTM A924/A924M-06 ±0.08 mm (0.003") for sheet widths not exceeding 1524 mm (60").
 +
<li>'''Stainless Steel''': minimum 0.38 mm (0.014", 28-gauge) stainless steel, Type 302, 304, 316, 2B finish to ASTM A167-82. Maximum thickness tolerance variation ± 0.04 mm (0.0015") based on 1219.2 mm (48") wide sheet.
 +
<li>'''Aluminum-Zinc alloy-coated steel''': minimum 0.50 mm (0.0196", 26-gauge) aluminum-zinc alloy coated steel sheet, conforming to ASTM A792/A792M-06 CS Type B, AZM150 (AZ50) coating. Thickness tolerance as per ASTM A924/A924M-06 ±0.08 mm (0.003") for sheet widths not exceeding 1524 mm (60").
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>The following minimum gauges and/or weights of <u>non-ferrous materials</u> apply to all ''linear metal flashings'':
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>'''Aluminum''': minimum 0.80 mm (0.032", 20-gauge) aluminum sheet, utility quality to CSA HA Series - 1975, plain or embossed finish. Maximum thickness tolerance variation ± 0.06 mm (0.0025") based on 1219.2 mm (48") wide sheet.
 +
<li>'''Copper''': minimum 0.56 mm (24-gauge; 0.0216", 16 oz.) copper sheet, cold rolled roofing copper to ASTM B370-81. Maximum thickness tolerance variation ± 0.09 mm (0.0035") based on 1219.2 mm (48") wide sheet.
 +
<li>'''Zinc''': minimum 0.80 mm (0.031") zinc Sheet conforming to European standard EN 988-1996. Maximum thickness tolerance variation ± 0.03 mm (0.0012").
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Where a ''waterproofing system'' adjoins and "Architectural Sheet Metal System", ''linear metal flashings'' must be fabricated from 24-gauge steel stock|| 2021-June-30 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====13.2.1.3. Fasteners====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Fasteners must be|| 2021-June-30 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | threaded screws, {{hilite | friction-type pins (i.e., for masonry or concrete), plug (inserts), || 2024-January-31 }} or rivets (where permitted), || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | compatible with materials they contact, || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | corrosion-resistant, || 2023-October-28}}
 +
<li>{{hilite | specified by the ''Design Authority'',|| 2021-June-30 }} and
 +
<li>{{hilite | appropriately sized, in both length and thread type, for the material to which they will be secured|| 2021-June-30 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Nails are not acceptable as fasteners|| 2021-June-30 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | Notwithstanding the requirements in Sentence (1), threaded fasteners used to secure linear metal flashings || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | in concealed locations must be at least No. 8, corrosion-resistant screw or expansion fastener with a low-profile head and must be compatible with both the metal flashing material and the substrate. || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | in exposed locations must be at least No. 10., shall be gasketed (cladding screws), and must match the colour of the materials they fasten. || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | When pre-engineered ''linear metal flashing systems'' are specified, fasteners provided by the manufacturer must be used|| 2022-February-5 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | Rivets shall be closed-end, dome-head type, and shall be used only for fastening together linear metal flashings. || 2023-October-28 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====13.2.1.4. Sealants====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Sealants shall be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>non-hardening high-quality butyl or polyurethane,
 +
<li>available in either gun grade or sealant tape form,
 +
<li>suitable for exterior use and able to resist the effects of weathering, and
 +
<li>compatible with, and able to adhere to, the materials to which they are applied.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>Sealants shall conform to
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>CGSB 19-GP-5M, “Sealing Compound, One Component, Acrylic Base, Solvent Curing”,
 +
<li>CAN / CGSB-19.13, “Sealing Compound, One Component, Elastomeric, Chemical Curing”,
 +
<li>CGSB 19-GP-14M, “Sealing Compound, One Component, Butyl-Polyisobutylene Polymer Base, Solvent Curing”, or
 +
<li>CAN / CGSB-19.24, “Multi-Component, Chemical Curing Sealing Compound”.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
</ol></li>
 +
 
 +
===13.2.2. Fabrication and Finish===
 +
====13.2.2.1. Fabrication of Flashing====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Linear metal flashings must be new, must conform to the requirements published in this Part, and shall be manufactured and supplied
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>by the ''Contractor'',
 +
<li>for the ''Contractor'' by another ''Contractor'' (RCABC Member), or
 +
<li>by an ''Associate Member'' of the RCABC.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>Unless expressly accepted otherwise, all linear metal flashing fabricated by the ''Contractor'' shall conform to the requirements in this Part.
 +
<li>Specified drip edges must be broken (bent) outward from the face of the flashing by at least 30° and shall measure at least 19.05 mm (3/4”), extending from the break.
 +
<li>All ''linear metal flashing'', except those that are pre-engineered and expressly accepted by the RGC,
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>must be hemmed,
 +
<li>shall conform to the minimum requirements in Tables 13.1.-A,
 +
<li>shall incorporate seams conforming to the requirements in Table 13.1.-B, and
 +
<li>may not exceed the maximum length of 3000 mm (120”).
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>{{hilite |The vertical leg of any metal flashing that overlaps roofing material must be at least 76.2 mm (3") in height, exclusive of the drip or hemmed edge, when measured between each break {{hilite | and shall overlap the edge of a membrane (i.e., membrane flashing on a wall) by at least 25.4 mm (1”).|| 2024-January-31 }}|| 2021-June-30 }}
 +
<li>Metal edge flashing must be fabricated with
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>a flange measuring no less than 101.6 mm (4") in width,
 +
<li>a vertical drop and hemmed drip edge at least 50.8 mm (2"), and (When transitioning to a lower ''water-shedding systems''), and
 +
<li>a sloped drop of no less than 101.6 mm (4").
 +
</ol></li>
 +
<li>Metal edge flashing may be constructed with or without an upstand at the outside edge (Edge flashing intended as a drainage edge may perform best without an upstand).
 +
</ol></li>
 +
 
 +
====13.2.2.2. Pre-painted Finishes====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>When a painted finish on ''linear metal flashing'' is specified, only SMP and PVDF pre-painted finishes are acceptable.
 +
<li>Where ''Architectural Metal Roofing'' is installed, adjoining ''linear metal flashing'' must have the same finish as the metal panels.
 +
</ol></li>
 +
 
 +
==Section 13.3. Application==
 +
===13.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
 +
====13.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====13.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', and shall
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>utilize only (minimum) 24-gauge ''linear metal flashing'' material.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===13.3.2. All Systems===
 +
====13.3.2.1. General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | RoofStar-accepted pre-engineered securement ''systems'' must be secured according to the ''manufacturer’s'' specifications|| 2022-February-5 }}.
 +
<li>All ''linear metal flashing'' installed over an organic substrate (i.e., wood) shall be separated from the substrate with a suitable separation material (i.e., self-adhered bituminous membrane used as eave protection in a ''water-shedding roof system'').
 +
<li>Unless otherwise provided for in this Part, mechanical fasteners used to secure ''linear metal flashing'' {{hilite | or their clips || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | shall conform to the fasteners requirements in || 2024-January-31 }} [[#13.2.1.3. Fasteners | Article 13.2.1.3.]],
 +
<li>shall be spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12”) O.C.,
 +
<li>{{hilite | shall be firmly fastened, without distorting secured materials, || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | must penetrate the substrate as specified in the screw manufacturer’s published minimum values, but shall nevertheless penetrate || 2024-January-31 }} {{strike| must penetrate the substrate as specified in [[#3.3.2.1. Securing Systems with Mechanical Fasteners | Article 3.3.2.1.]], and || 2023-January-26 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | through the back surface of steel framing at least 19.05 mm (3/4"), || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | into or through plywood so that screw threads engage its full thickness, excluding the unthreaded tip, and || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | into solid substrate (i.e., dimensional lumber or concrete) at least 25.4 mm (1"), and || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>must be installed at least 88.9 mm (3-1/2") above the ''finished roof system surface''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
{{strike| <li>Where hidden metal clips are required, they must
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>be at least 24-gauge,
 +
<li>be fastened as close to the bottom edge (hook) as practical but must not be fastened further than a maximum of 76.2 mm (3") from the bottom edge (hook), and
 +
<li>engage drip or safety edges by a minimum of 12.7 mm (1/2").
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>'''Continuous concealed clips''' must be attached with fasteners spaced nor more than 304.8 mm (12") O.C.
 +
<li>'''Discontinuous concealed clips''' must
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>consist of a single clip, centred between the seams of each length of metal flashing,
 +
<li>measure at least 1/3 of the length of flashing it will secure but shall not be less than 101.6 mm (4") in length, and
 +
<li>be fastened with screws spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12") O.C.
 +
</li></ol> || 2023-January-26 }}
 +
<li>Canted edge metal flashing may be mechanically fastened from the outside face but shall not be face-fastened on the roof side of the flashing.
 +
<li>Sealants must be tooled to positively shed water.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====13.3.2.2. Seams====
 +
(The requirements in [[#13.3.2.1. General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing | Article 13.3.2.1., "General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing"]], shall be read together with the following requirements.  See also [[#13.1.3.4. Gauge, Dimension Limitations, and Seams | Article 13.1.3.4.]])
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | RoofStar-accepted pre-engineered ''linear metal flashing'' may be joined together using seams specified for the accepted flashing|| 2022-February-5 }}.
 +
<li>{{hilite | All ''linear metal flashing'' that is not pre-engineered must be seamed together following the requirements set out in this Article|| 2022-February-5 }}.
 +
<li>All seams must allow for metal expansion and contraction.
 +
<li>The seam and securement design must be approved by the '''''Guarantor''''' when the specified cap flashing material
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>is steel or aluminum, and the material is thicker or heavier than 18-gauge, or
 +
<li>is copper and zinc, and the material thickness or weight exceeds the weight or gauge requirements in [[#13.2.1.2. Sheet Metal Grade and Gauge | Article 13.2.1.2.]]
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | '''Straight (linear) joints''' between lengths of ''linear metal flashing'' must be fully seamed using only an S-lock ({{hilite | '''Figure 13.3.2.2.-A'''|| 2025-October-25 }}) or Standing Seam ({{hilite | '''Figure 13.3.2.2.-B'''|| 2025-October-25 }}), but this requirement does not apply to|| 2021-October-30 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | flashing fashioned from 22-gauge metal (or heavier)|| 2021-October-30 }}, or
 +
<li>{{hilite | the vertical face of any flashing that is concealed by a ''wall assembly'', counter-flashing, or equipment flange, in which case the vertical joint may be lap-seamed, provided the overlap|| 2021-October-30 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | is no less than 101.6 mm (4”) when fully caulked in the lap|| 2021-October-30 }}, or
 +
<li>{{hilite | is no less than 152.4 mm (6”) when installed without caulking in the lap.|| 2021-October-30 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>The top face (horizontal plane) of flashings that intersect at a corner (i.e., coping flashing) must be joined with a standing seam.
 +
<li>Where drip edges meet at an outside corner, the cut edges of the mitred joint must be mechanically connected (Closed with a "rat tail").
 +
<li>When the face of vertically-oriented flashing forms an '''outside corner''', and the height of the flashing
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>is greater than 101.6 mm (4”), the two flashings must be joined using only a standing seam.
 +
<li>is 101.6 mm (4”) or less, the two flashings must be joined using
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>a standing seam,
 +
<li>an S-lock, or
 +
<li>a lap joint, but the drip edges must be mechanically connected (Closed with a "rat tail").
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>When the face of vertically-oriented flashing forms an '''inside corner''', and the height of the flashing
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>is greater than 101.6 mm (4”), the two flashings must be joined using only a standing seam.
 +
<li>is 101.6 mm (4”) or less, the two flashings must be joined using
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>a standing seam, or
 +
<li>a flat overlapped seam.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Sealant applied to S-lock or standing seams is not a requirement in this Standard, but when it is specified
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>the sealant must be applied along the full length of the seam, and
 +
<li>any sealant that extrudes from the seam during the seaming process must be removed and discarded (See [[#1.3.2.2. Workmanship | Article 1.3.2.2., "Workmanship"]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>'''Standing seams''' must incorporate clips when the seam is longer than 101.6 mm (4”), and the clips must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>fabricated from flat metal stock 24-gauge or heavier,
 +
<li>at least 38.1 mm (1-1/2”) wide,
 +
<li>spaced apart from each other no more than 203.2 mm (8”) O.C.,
 +
<li>embedded in an acceptable sealant, and
 +
<li>secured with at least 2 acceptable low-profile flat head screws.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>'''S-locked seams''' must be secured through flashing tab (leaf) with at least one (1) acceptable low-profile flat head screw when the seam is longer than 101.6 mm (4”), but fasteners must not be spaced more than 203.2 mm (8”) O.C.
 +
<li>'''Flat butt seams'''
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>are permissible only for cap (coping) flashings, and only when the flashing is fabricated from steel or aluminum ranging in thickness from 22-Gauge to 18-Gauge (the same applies to the equivalents for copper and zinc sheet material, by gauge or weight), and
 +
<li>must have a hemmed front edge fabricated to hook onto a supporting saddle.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>The saddle for flat butt seams must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>manufactured from the same material as the flashing,
 +
<li>formed to match the profile of the cap flashing,
 +
<li>fabricated with a hook along the front face,
 +
<li>secured to the parapet with screws,
 +
<li>installed to underlap the butt joint by at least 101.6 mm (4”) on either side,
 +
<li>seated in two parallel beads of un-tooled sealant or butyl tape, which must be applied between the saddle and flashing, on either side of the butt joint, to all three adjoining faces, and
 +
<li>secured to the cap flashing along both faces of the parapet (See [[#13.3.2.1. General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing | Article 13.3.2.1.]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 
<br>
 
<br>
−
::'''GALVANIZED STEEL''': 0.50 mm (0.0196", 26 gauge) galvanized steel sheet, conforming to ASTM A653 / A653M-06 CS Type B, Z275 (G90) coating. Thickness tolerance as per ASTM A924/A924M-06 ±0.08 mm (0.003") for sheet widths not exceeding 1500 mm (60").
+
{|
−
   
+
|-
−
::'''ALUMINUM – ZINC ALLOY COATED STEEL''': 0.50 mm (0.0196", 26 gauge) aluminum-zinc alloy coated steel sheet, conforming to ASTM A792/A792M-06 CS Type B, AZM150 (AZ50) coating. Thickness tolerance as per ASTM A924/A924M-06 ±0.08 mm (0.003") for sheet widths not exceeding 1500 mm (60").
+
|-
 +
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 13.3.2.2.-A S-Lock, Double'''<br>Forming Part of Sentence 13.3.2.2.(5)<br><small>(Click to expand illustration)</small> || 2025-October-25 }} || colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 13.3.2.2.-B Standing Seam'''<br>Forming Part of Sentence 13.3.2.2.(5)<br><small>(Click to expand illustration)</small> || 2025-October-25 }}
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:MF - S-Lock, Double.png | link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/b/b6/MF_-_S-Lock%2C_Double.png | 300 px]] || [[File:MF - Standing Seam.png | link=https://rpm.rcabc.org/images/a/a3/MF_-_Standing_Seam.png | 300 px]]
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
====13.3.2.3. Cap Flashing, Counter-flashing, and Reglet Flashing====
 +
(The requirements in [[#13.3.2.1. General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing | Article 13.3.2.1., "General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing"]], shall be read together with the following requirements)
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Cap (coping) flashings must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | solidly || 2024-January-31}} and fully supported {{strike| by a substrate || 2023-January-26 }},
 +
<li>{{hilite | separated from organic materials (i.e., wood) with roofing membrane, || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>joined using standing seams or S-locks (Ref. [[#13.3.2.2. Seams | Article 13.3.2.2.]]), and
 +
<li>{{hilite | secured against displacement by wind. || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
{{strike| <li>secured on the outside face with hidden clips (exposed fasteners are not permitted),
 +
<li>secured on the inside face with a hidden clip, or with cladding fasteners, and
 +
<li>joined using standing seams or S-locks, wherever the flashing face is exposed to the weather, unless otherwise provided for in this Part (See also [[#13.3.2.1. General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing | Article 13.3.2.1.]]). || 2023-January-26 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | In addition to the requirements in Sentence (1), cap (coping) flashing installed on ''parapets'' must be secured || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | beneath the outside vertical face of the flashing with hidden clips that hook into the ''drip edge'' by at least 12.7 mm (1/2") (Ref. || 2024-January-31 }} [[#13.3.2.3. Cap Flashing, Counter-flashing, and Reglet Flashing | Article 13.3.2.3.]]; exposed fasteners are not permitted), {{hilite |and || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | along the roof-side face of the flashing, using either hidden clips or cladding fasteners (the method used shall be what is specified by the ''Design Authority''). || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Unless otherwise permitted in this Standard or by a written Variance from the '''''Guarantor''''', hidden clips shall be secured to the vertical face of a ''parapet wall'' and shall not be mechanically attached to the top of the coping. || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | In addition to the requirements in Sentence (1), cap (coping) flashings installed on roof dividers and fire separation walls (Ref.|| 2024-January-31 }} [[#10.3.4.4. Fire Separations | Article 10.3.4.4.]])
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | may be face-fastened, provided the roof divider or fire separation wall is less than 1 m (39") tall, but || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | shall be secured with hidden clips on both sides when the roof divider or fire separation wall exceeds a height of 1 m. || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | When using exposed screws to secure cap (coping) flashing is permissible, screws shall be located no more than 25.4 mm (1") above the break for the ''drip edge'' and provision shall be made for metal expansion and contraction. || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | Where hidden metal clips are required, they must || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | be at least 24-gauge, || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | be fastened as close to the bottom edge (hook) as practical but must not be fastened further than a maximum of 76.2 mm (3") from the bottom edge (hook), and || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | engage drip or safety edges by a minimum of 12.7 mm (1/2"). || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | '''Continuous concealed clips''' must be attached with fasteners spaced nor more than 304.8 mm (12") O.C. || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | '''Discontinuous concealed clips''' must || 2024-January-31}}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | consist of a single clip, centred between the seams of each length of metal flashing, || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | measure at least 1/3 of the length of flashing it will secure but shall not be less than 101.6 mm (4") in length, and || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | be fastened with screws spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12") O.C. || 2024-January-31 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Fasteners used to secure any cap, counter, or base flashing must be evenly spaced between seams along each length of flashing, and shall be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>no fewer than three (3) fasteners for every 3048 mm (120") length of metal flashing, or
 +
<li>two (2) fasteners for every 2438.4 mm (96") length of metal flashing.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>When cap (coping) flashings span widths greater than 304.8 mm (12”), and a flat butt seam is specified, the cap flashing must be riveted to the saddle to ensure adequate securement, and the rivets must be no further apart than 203.2 mm (8”).
 +
<li>Parapets that intersect a wall must be flashed with a metal saddle flashing, as shown in the "Construction Details for Linear Metal Flashings" ([[Division_D | Division D]]).
 +
<li>When the outside face of a cap flashing is concealed by a wall assembly, only the outside face may be lap-seamed, provided the overlap is no less than 101.6 mm (4”) and the overlapping metal is embedded in mastic.
 +
<li>Counter-flashing must be secured to the vertical face, with fasteners or a reglet.
 +
<li>Counter-flashing and termination bars installed as primary securement or protection of membrane flashing
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>must be hemmed at the top edge and bent (broken) outward from the face of the wall by at least 45°, to form a groove for sealant (The hem shall measure at least 15.88 mm (5/8”) when measured from the break),
 +
<li>shall be attached to the substrate with fasteners spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12”) O.C., and
 +
<li>must be sealed along the top groove with a continuous bead of acceptable sealant, tooled to shed water away from the wall.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>A second counter-flashing (to cover a term bar or primary counter-flashing)
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>applied as a “surface reglet” must be hemmed, broken, and sealed, as described above in this Article, and
 +
<li>must be secured with fasteners spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12”) O.C., but this spacing may be increased to no more than 609.6 mm (24”) O.C., provided the flashing maintains continuous contact with the substrate (See [[#13.3.2.1. General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing | Article 13.3.2.1.]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Base flashings
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>must “kick out” minimum 50.8 mm (2") over insulation and filter fabric (filter fabric must be tucked up behind the base flashing),
 +
<li>must be secured with fasteners spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12”) O.C., and
 +
<li><span class="recommended">may be fashioned as one piece, or as a 2-piece flashing that includes a lower, detachable segment to facilitate roof maintenance</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>''Linear metal flashing'' secured in a ''reglet'' (cut groove) must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>installed above the membrane flashing,
 +
<li>inserted at least 12.7 mm (1/2”),
 +
<li>friction-fitted within the ''reglet'' or secured on the exposed face with an acceptable fastener, and
 +
<li>sealed with a continuous bead of tooled gunnable sealant.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Where parallel and overlapping reglet flashings are used, the joints between flashing segments must be offset by at least 304.8 mm (12”), except at corners.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====13.3.2.4. Metal Edge Terminations====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Metal edge terminations (including "gravel stop" flashings) are integrated into the membrane ''system'' and therefore shall be installed to conform to [[#10.3.4.2. Low Profile Edges | Article 10.3.4.2.]]
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====13.3.2.5. Canted Edges====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Metal flashings on canted edges must be face-fastened on the exterior face of the flashing or, when the height of the canted edge permits, at least 88.9 mm (3-1/2”) above the drainage plane.
 +
<li>Flashing must be secured with cladding fasteners, evenly spaced between seams along each length of flashing, using no fewer than
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>three (3) fasteners for every 3048 mm (120") length of metal flashing, or
 +
<li>two (2) fasteners for every 2438.4 mm (96") length of metal flashing.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
<hr>
 +
<div id=PART_14></div>
 +
 
 +
=Part 14 - The Roof as a Platform=
 +
==Section 14.1. Design==
 +
(This Part covers the design and installation requirements for roofs that support an ''overburden'', which may be structurally supported or directly supported by the ''roof assembly'')
 +
 
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-14.1. | Note A-14.1.]])
 +
 
 +
===14.1.1. General===
 +
====14.1.1.1. Scope====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in [[Scope of RPM and Standards | Division A, Part 1]].
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====14.1.1.2. {{strike| Definitions || 2024-October-23 }}{{hilite | Defined Terms || 2025-October-25 }}====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Words that appear in italics are defined in the [[Glossary | Glossary]]. Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part:
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>''Roof Coverings'' means (without limitation) gravel, wearing surfaces, ''Vegetated Roof Systems'', pavers, cast-in-place concrete, rubberized surfaces, broadly covering and directly superimposed on the ''roof assembly''.
 +
<li>''Structures and Equipment'' means structurally supported or portable objects including (without limitation) wood or composite decks and walkways, planters, "amenity spaces" (inclusive of furnishings, hot tubs, gazebos, pergolas, and play areas), nets and wind screens, photovoltaics, satellite equipment, light standards, lightning rods, sculptures, pools, and other water features.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===14.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements===
 +
====14.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====14.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-year Guarantee====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee'''''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===={{hilite | 14.1.2.3. RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee || 2025-October-25 }}====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee''''', the supporting ''roof assembly'' shall
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''', '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', or a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''',
 +
<li>be acceptable to the manufacturer as support for a ''vegetated roof system'', and
 +
<li>comply with the related requirements in the [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”].
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
===14.1.3. All Systems===
 +
====14.1.3.1. Coverage and Limitations====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Coverage under the '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' shall be as described in [[Guarantee#3.2.1.2._Limitations_and_Exclusions_of_Guarantee | Division A, Article 3.2.1.2.]]
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====14.1.3.2. Loads====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The building structure must be designed to support any live loads specified by the Code having jurisdiction, including loads from any covering, amenity space, structure, or live loads superimposed upon the ''roof system''.
 +
<li>Roof assemblies
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>must be designed as a ''protected roof system'' when they cannot support the superimposed loads described above (See also [[#8.1.4.1. Use Over Sensitive Materials and Systems | Article 8.1.4.1.]]).
 +
<li>{{hilite | must be designed as a ''protected roof system'' when the roof covering is || 2025-October-25 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | a ''semi-intensive vegetated roof system'', or || 2025-October-25 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | an ''intensive vegetated roof system''  || 2025-October-25 }}(See [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard#1.1.3.2._Permitted_Vegetated_Roof_Systems Article 1.1.3.2.], {{hilite | “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”)|| 2025-October-25 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">should be designed as a ''protected roof system'' when the ''roof covering'' or living (amenity) space</span>
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">exceeds 152.4 mm (6”) in depth{{strike| (excluding any plants) || 2024-October-29 }}</span>,
 +
{{strike| <li><span class="recommended">is an intensive or semi-intensive ''Vegetated Roof System''</span>, || 2024-October-29 }}
 +
<li><span class="recommended">includes cast-in-place concrete surface</span>,
 +
<li><span class="recommended">is installed over a podium roof area adjacent to residential high-rise structures</span>,
 +
<li><span class="recommended">includes water features or pools</span>, or
 +
<li><span class="recommended">includes expansive terrace areas or play spaces</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | When the superimposed load is a ''vegetated roof system'', the design of the supporting ''roof assembly'' shall conform to the requirements in|| 2025-October-25 }} [[VRA Standard#1.1.3.1. Permitted Supporting Roof Assemblies | {{hilite | Article 1.1.3.1.]] || 2025-October-25 }} {{hilite | and || 2025-October-25 }} [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard#1.1.3.2._Permitted_Vegetated_Roof_Systems {{hilite | Article 1.1.3.2.|| 2025-October-25 }}] {{hilite | of the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs” and shall take into consideration the future loads from a mature, fully saturated ''vegetated roof''|| 2025-October-25 }}.
 +
<li><span class="principles">Structural supports (i.e., curbs) should be considered to bear heavier dead loads, to resist ''Specified Wind Loads'', or to secure the equipment during seismic events</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====14.1.3.3. Securement of Roof Coverings, Structures, and Equipment====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>The ''Design Authority'' is responsible to specify the appropriate securement design of roof coverings, structures, and equipment, to resist ''Specified Wind Loads''.
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Vegetated roof systems'' shall be secured in keeping with the requirements of the|| 2025-October-5 }} [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard {{hilite | “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”] || 2025-October-5 }}.
 +
<li>Where structural securement is desirable or required,
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>structural supports must be fully waterproofed (curbs, sleepers, posts) and
 +
<li>the superimposed structure or equipment must be secured to the structural support at least 203.2 mm (8”) above the ''drainage plane''  (See [[#Part 12 - Penetrations and Curbs | Part 12,"Penetrations and Curbs"]], and [[#Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly | Part 3, "Securing the Roof Assembly"]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====14.1.3.4. Design for Repairs and Renewal====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="principles">Each design should, without limitation, include consideration for</span>
 +
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="principles">the inevitability of roof repairs or replacement,</span>
 +
<li><span class="principles">access for maintenance</span>, and
 +
<li><span class="principles">material removal, storage, and replacement logistics</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====14.1.3.5. Roof Membranes====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Membranes must be selected for their ability to resist accidental puncture by human activity on the roof; the minimum puncture resistance must be at least 400 N (See Table 9.1. in [[#9.2.1.1. Membrane Composition, Thickness, and Selection | Article 9.2.1.1.]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====14.1.3.6. Membrane Protection====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Membranes must be protected from damage incurred
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>during the construction of a building,
 +
<li>from normal use and occupancy of the roof, and
 +
<li>from maintenance of any installation on top of a ''roof system'', after the building has been commissioned.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">To prevent accidental damage and puncture from falling objects, ''conventional insulated systems'' at elevations lower than those designed for human occupancy should include a protective wearing course or, in the alternative, should be designed as a ''protected roof system''</span>.
 +
<li>Where membranes installed on vertical surfaces may be damaged from foot traffic or shifting coverings, they must be protected (i.e., with base metal flashing; ref. [[#13.1.3.6. Cap Flashing, Counter-flashing, and Reglet Flashing | Article 13.1.3.6.]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====14.1.3.7. Membrane Integrity Testing and Electronic Leak Detection====
 +
(See [[#1.1.3.3. Membrane Integrity Testing | Article 1.1.3.3.]] and [[#1.1.3.4. Electronic Leak Detection | Article 1.1.3.4.]])
 +
 
 +
====14.1.3.8. Drainage====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Roofs designed as platforms to support ''roof coverings'', amenity spaces, or equipment must promote unimpeded drainage of storm or irrigation water.
 +
<li>{{hilite | The drainage of a ''roof assembly'' supporting a ''vegetated roof system'' shall be designed in coordination with the design requirements in the || 2025-October-25 }} [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard {{hilite | “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs” || 2025-October-25 }}].
 +
<li>Where a ''roof covering'' material naturally drains (i.e., gravel), no additional drainage design is required, but when it does not naturally drain, the design must incorporate a ''drainage plane'' on top of the completed ''roof system''.
 +
<li>''Overburden'' must be contained with drain guards, rigid barriers, and filter fabric (See also [[#11.3.2.3. Drain Protection Against Blockage | Article 11.3.2.3.]]).
 +
<li>To facilitate the adequate movement of water and minimize or prevent damming when non-structural supports are oriented perpendicular to (across) the direction of drainage, the design must
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>specify shorter supports, to a maximum length of 1219.2 mm (48"), and
 +
<li>incorporate drainage mats beneath supports longer than 1219.2 mm (48") in any direction.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Equipment installed on structural supports, or on top of the ''roof system'', must be spaced or located to promote access to drains, ease of maintenance, and worker or occupant safety.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====14.1.3.9. Filter Fabric====
 +
 
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Filter fabrics are required when the roof supports
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | a ''vegetated roof system'' (See|| 2024-October-29 }} [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard#PART_6 {{hilite | Part 6 || 2025-October-25 }}] {{hilite | in the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”)|| 2025-October-25 }}{{strike| growing media and vegetation || 2024-October-29 }},
 +
<li>sand and other fine materials,
 +
<li>gravel with a diameter less than 12.7 mm (1/2”),
 +
<li>wet mortar or concrete, or
 +
<li>XPS insulation above the membrane (See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-14.1.3.9. | Note A-14.1.3.9.]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
 
 +
====14.1.3.10. Gravel====
 +
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-14.1.3.10. | Note A-14.1.3.10.]])
  
−
::'''ALUMINUM''': 0.80 mm (0.032", 20 gauge) aluminum sheet, utility quality to CSA HA Series - 1975, plain or embossed finish. Maximum thickness tolerance variation ± 0.06 mm (0.0025") based on 1200 mm (48") wide sheet.
+
<ol>
 +
<li>When {{hilite | smooth stone {{strike| gravel|| 2024-October-29 }} (aggregate rock) || 2025-October-25 }} is specified as the ''roof covering'' (different from ballast),
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>only washed gravel may be used, and
 +
<li>the design must include gravel guards around roof drains.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>When the gravel used as a roof covering is crushed, or is smaller than 12.7 mm (1/2”),
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>a geotextile protection layer must be installed immediately above the roof membrane, and
 +
<li>the {{hilite | crushed || 2025-October-25 }} gravel must be deep enough to hold the geotextile protection layer in place.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
::'''STAINLESS STEEL''': 0.38 mm (0.014", 28 gauge) stainless steel, Type 302, 304, 316, 2B finish to ASTM A167-82. Maximum thickness tolerance variation ± 0.04 mm (0.0015") based on 1200 mm (48") wide sheet.
+
====14.1.3.11. Wearing Surfaces====
 +
(See also [[#9.1.3.4. Membrane Protection | Article 9.1.3.4.]] concerning wearing surfaces and drainage requirements)
  
−
::'''COPPER''': 0.56 mm (0.022", 16 oz.) copper sheet, cold rolled roofing copper to ASTM B370-81. Maximum thickness tolerance variation ± 0.09 mm (0.0035") based on 1200 mm (48") wide sheet.
+
<ol>
 +
<li>Any wearing surface may be installed on an ''uninsulated'' or ''conventionally insulated system'', provided
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>the compressive strength of the insulation will support it,
 +
<li>insulation is covered with a suitable overlay (See [[#8.1.4.1. Use Over Sensitive Materials and Systems | Article 8.1.4.1.]]),
 +
<li>the wearing surface does not bond with or touch the roof field membrane or membrane flashing, and
 +
<li>drainage of storm or irrigation water is not impeded.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>When a wearing surface is specified,
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>it must incorporate measures to protect the roof membrane from damage,
 +
<li>perimeter membranes and penetrations must be protected from abrasion by the wearing surface,
 +
<li>the design must provide a drainage space below the wearing surface measuring at least 12.7 mm (1/2”) in depth, and
 +
<li>the design must provide a vertical drainage gap between the wearing surface and any openings.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>When cast-in-place concrete is specified as the wearing surface (See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-14.1.3.11. | Note A-14.1.3.11.]]), the design must conform to the other requirements in this Article, and the concrete must be separated from the membrane with
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>a bond-breaking material, such as a proprietary drainage mat or XPS insulation, and
 +
<li>filter fabric or a barrier material acceptable to the membrane manufacturer, able to prevent the concrete slurry from reaching the membrane.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
::'''ZINC''': 0.80 mm (0.031") zinc Sheet conforming to European standard EN 988-1996. Maximum thickness tolerance variation ± 0.03 mm (0.0012").
+
====14.1.3.12. Vegetated Roof Systems====
  
−
::Specifying authorities should indicate the type and gauge of metal required, as well as the qualifying standards. The reference standard for gauges is USS REV (metric in mm).
+
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | ''Vegetated Roof Systems'' (VRS) must be designed to meet the requirements in the|| 2025-October-25 }} [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard {{hilite |“RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”|| 2025-October-25 }}]{{hilite |; this includes membrane protection, drainage, water retention materials, filter fabrics, etc.|| 2025-October-25 }}
 +
{{strike| to resist the ''Specified Wind Loads'', determined using the [https://nrc.canada.ca/en/research-development/products-services/software-applications/wind-load-calculators-roof-cladding-vegetated-roof-assembly "Wind Load Calculator for Vegetated Roof Assembly"] or, in the alternative, another method that is its equal or superior, for buildings up to 20 m (65') in height (Ref. [[#3.3.2.3. Securing Roofs with Overburden | Article 3.3.2.3.]]).
 +
<li>Where a ''Vegetated Roof Systems'' is specified as ballast, it may be installed by someone other than the ''Contractor'', but the coordination of work between the ''Contractor'' and other trades must be specified by the ''Design Authority'' to ensure the ''roof system'' is immediately and properly secured.
 +
<li>''Conventionally insulated systems'' may be used to support any type of ''Vegetated Roof System'', provided
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>the compressive strength of the insulation will support it,
 +
<li>the insulation in the ''roof system'' is overlaid with a suitable insulation overlay (See [[#8.1.4.1. Use Over Sensitive Materials and Systems | Article 8.1.4.1.]]),
 +
<li>the membrane manufacturer is agreeable to the application and is confident the membrane can withstand the anticipated hydrostatic pressures when the ''Vegetated Roof System'' is fully saturated with water, and
 +
<li>the membrane is fully adhered.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">''Semi-intensive'' and ''Intensive Vegetated Roof Systems'' should be designed as part of a ''protected roof system''</span>.
 +
<li>Every roof that supports a ''Vegetated Roof System'' must include, in addition to a drainage layer and membrane protection, a
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>full-coverage root barrier, and
 +
<li>filter fabric layer.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li><span class="principles">''Vegetated Roof Systems'' that are built in place should be designed with an additional layer of protection immediately below the growing media and above the rest of the ''roof system'', to ensure the protection of these materials from tools</span>.
 +
<li>''Separation zones''
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>are required to separate growing media and vegetation from (without limitation) ''parapets'', ''walls'', penetrations, drains, ''curbs'', sleepers, ''expansion joints'', and ''control joints'',
 +
<li>must be at least 304.8 mm (12”) wide but shall in any event be designed to the width required to resist ''Specified Wind Load'', and
 +
<li>shall be bordered by non-penetrating, restraining curbs or edging, installed around the perimeter of the ''Vegetated Roof System''.
 +
</li></ol> || 2024-October-29 }}
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
===Pre-painted Finishes===
+
====14.1.3.13. Structures and Equipment====
−
#When a painted finish on metal flashing is specified, only SMP and PVDF pre-painted finishes are acceptable.  Where ''Architectural Metal Roofing'' is installed, adjoining flashings must have the same finish as the metal panels (PVDF).
 
−
<div id=SBSMETALFASTENER></div>
 
  
−
===Fasteners===
+
<ol>
−
#All fasteners used to secure metal flashings must be #8 corrosion-resistant screw or expansion fastener with a low-profile head, and must be compatible with both the metal flashing material and the substrate.
+
<li>Non-structural installations superimposed on a ''roof assembly''
−
#Cladding fasteners (screws) with gasketed washers, used as exposed fasteners for metal flashing, must be No. 8 or larger, and must be made of metal compatible with, and corresponding in colour to, the flashing material.
+
<ol>
−
#Blind rivets are acceptable for securing two metal flashings together.
+
<li><span class="recommended">are recommended for smaller installations, to</span>
−
#Nails are not acceptable as fasteners.
+
<ol>
 +
<li><span class="recommended">minimize the number of penetrations, curbs, or sleepers necessary for structural securement</span>,
 +
<li><span class="recommended">eliminate possible weak points in the ''roof system'', where a leak may occur</span>,
 +
<li><span class="recommended">avoid dedicated mechanical drainage</span>, and
 +
<li><span class="recommended">simplify removal of materials when membrane repairs are required</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | must take into account inevitable roof renewal || 2023-June-16 }} (see [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-14.1.3.13. | Note A-14.1.3.13.]]),
 +
<li>must be placed on an appropriate protection layer or supported by pedestals, pavers, or other means of distributing weight and point loading, and
 +
<li>may be placed on an ''insulated roof system'' provided the insulation will support all anticipated dead loads, live loads and point loads (See [[#14.1.3.2. Loads | Article 14.1.3.2., "Loads"]]).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Structurally supported || 2025-October-25 }} installations that are
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>'''cast-in-place''' must be constructed on a pre‐curb that is continuously waterproofed as part of the primary roof membrane and waterproofed independently of the primary roof membrane.
 +
<li>'''pre-cast''' must be secured
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>to a pre‐curb that is continuously waterproofed as a continuation of the primary roof membrane, or
 +
<li>to structural supports that are waterproofed in keeping with the requirements in [[#Part 12 - Penetrations and Curbs | Part 12]].
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>When concrete walls or structures are constructed without a pre-curb, all concrete surfaces must be fully and continuously enveloped with the primary roof membrane (See also [[Guarantee#3.2.1.2. Limitations and Exclusions of Guarantee | Division A, Article 3.2.1.2.]]).
 +
<li>Pre‐curbs must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>at least 101.6 mm (4") in height above the drainage plane of the highest adjacent ''roof assembly'',
 +
<li>completely enveloped with fully adhered acceptable membrane flashing (including all faces of drainage knock‐outs), and
 +
<li>properly waterproofed around dowels {{hilite |in their final position, using|| 2021-February-7 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | a 2-component catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or polyurethane methyl methacrylate (PUMA) reinforced liquid membrane flashing system|| 2021-February-7 }}, or
 +
<li>{{hilite | two cured coats of an Accepted polyurethane or silicon-based single-component liquid flashing system (See [[#12.3.2.6. Liquid Membrane Flashing | Article 12.3.2.6., "Liquid Membrane Flashing"]])|| 2021-February-7 }}.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>When a structural planter adjoins a ''protected roof system'', the planter design must include
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>a plumbed mechanical drain {{hilite | conforming to the requirements for planter drains in the [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”] || 2025-October-25 }}, {{strike| inclusive of
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>a debris guard, extending above the top surface of the growing media at least 50.8 mm (2”), and
 +
<li>maintenance access, || 2024-October-29 }} or
 +
{{strike| </li></ol> || 2024-October-29 }}
 +
<li>drainage knock-outs in the pre-curb wall, which should be wide enough to allow for the free flow of water over or past of the membrane flashing plies.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>When a structural planter adjoins an ''insulated roof system'', only a plumbed mechanical drain is permissible.
 +
<li><span class="recommended">A design review is advisable when a structural water feature incorporates penetrations for wiring, lights, or other submerged features</span>.
 +
<li>Tiles or other architectural finishes may be applied to the waterproofing membrane, subject to a written Variance from the '''''Guarantor''''' and approval by the membrane manufacturer (See [[#1.1.3.6. Variances | Article 1.1.3.6., "Variances"]]).
 +
<li>Drains, re-circulation inlets, and outlets used in water features, must include clamping rings, and must be sealed to the membrane ''assembly''.
 +
<li>When a leak detection system is specified, only non‐ferrous metal drains may be used.
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
===Sealants===
+
==Section 14.2. Materials==
−
#Sealants shall be
+
===14.2.1. Material Properties===
−
##non-hardening high quality butyl or polyurethane.
+
====14.2.1.1. Field and Flashing Membranes====
−
##available in either gun grade or sealant tape form.
 
−
##suitable for exterior use and able to resist the effects of weathering.
 
−
##compatible with, and able to adhere to, the materials to which they are applied.
 
−
#Sealants shall conform to any one of the following:
 
−
##CGSB 19-GP-5M, “Sealing Compound, One Component, Acrylic Base, Solvent Curing”.
 
−
##CAN / CGSB-19.13, “Sealing Compound, One Component, Elastomeric, Chemical Curing”.
 
−
##CGSB 19-GP-14M, “Sealing Compound, One Component, Butyl-Polyisobutylene Polymer Base, Solvent Curing”.
 
−
##CAN / CGSB-19.24, “Multi-Component, Chemical Curing Sealing Compound”.
 
  
−
==Application==
+
<ol>
−
===Fabrication===
+
<li>Refer to {{hilite | '''Table 9.2.1.1.''' || 2025-October-25 }} in [[#9.2.1.1. Membrane Composition, Thickness, and Selection | Article 9.2.1.1.]] for field membrane composition, thickness, and selection.
−
#<span class="recommended">{{hilite | Drip edges are not required, but strongly recommended for flashings around the outside perimeter of a building, in order to protect wall finishes, || 2020-February-15 }}</span> {{hilite | and when drip edges are used they must extend at least 12 mm (1/2”) from the vertical face. || 2020-February-15 }}  
+
<li>Single and 2-component liquid membrane flashing systems used on any detail, including pre-curbs, must be listed in [[Division_C | Division C]], and must be proprietary to, or accepted by, the ''manufacturer''.  
−
#{{hilite | All flashings, regardless of their profile or application, must be hemmed. || 2020-February-15 }}
+
</li></ol>
−
#The vertical face of cap or counter-flashings must drop vertically at least 62 mm (2 ½”), not including the drip or hemmed edge.
 
−
#Metal edge flashings must be fabricated with a
 
−
##flange measuring no less than 100 mm (4") in width.
 
−
##vertical drop and hemmed drip edge at least 50 mm (2").
 
−
##sloped drop (for transitions to lower {{hilite | water-shedding || 2020-February-15 }} roofs) of no less than 100 mm (4").
 
−
#Metal edge flashings may be constructed with or without an upstand at the outside edge.  Flashings designed for a draining roof edge may perform best without an upstand (for example, when transitioning to a lower {{hilite | water-shedding || 2020-February-15 }} roof).
 
  
−
===Securement===
+
====14.2.1.2. Membrane Protection====
−
#When mechanical fasteners are used to secure a metal flashing, the fasteners shall be spaced no more than 300 mm (12”) O.C.
 
−
#Screw fasteners must penetrate the substrate a minimum of 19 mm (3/4”).
 
−
#Regardless of the type of linear metal flashing, all flashing fasteners must be installed at least 87.7 mm (3 ½") above the finished roof surface.
 
−
#Cant edge metal flashings may be mechanically fastened from the outside face.
 
−
#Hidden metal clips must
 
−
##be at least 24 Gauge .
 
−
##be fastened as close to the bottom edge (hook) as practical but must not be fastened further than a maximum of 75 mm (3") from the bottom edge (hook).
 
−
##engage drip or safety edges by a minimum of 12 mm (½").
 
−
#Hidden metal clip types include
 
−
##'''Continuous Concealed Clips''', which must be attached with fasteners spaced nor more than 300 mm (12") O.C.  
 
−
##'''Discontinuous Concealed Clips''', which must
 
−
###consist of a single clip centred between the seams of each length of metal flashing.
 
−
###measure at least 1/3 of the length of flashing it will secure, but shall not be less than 100 mm (4") in length.
 
−
###be fastened with screws spaced no more than 300 mm (12") O.C.
 
−
#Fastening the top (horizontal or sloped) surface of a flashing with exposed fasteners is not permitted.
 
−
#Flashings secured in a reglet must be
 
−
##installed above the membrane flashing.
 
−
##inserted at least 12.7 mm (1/2”).
 
−
##friction-fitted within the reglet (groove) or secured on the exposed face with an acceptable fastener.
 
−
##sealed with a continuous bead of tooled gunnable sealant.
 
−
#Sealants must be tooled to positively shed water.
 
−
<div id=SBSMETALSEAM></div>
 
  
−
===Seams===
+
<ol>
−
#All joints between lengths of flashing must be fully seamed.
+
<li>Membranes must be protected from damage by installing (directly above the roof membrane)
−
#Regardless of the seam type, allowances should be made for metal expansion and contraction.
+
<ol>
−
#With the exception of flashings made with 22-gauge metal (or heavier), only S-lock seams or standing seams are acceptable when connecting lengths of flashing.  See the standards and tables below.
+
<li>drainage mat,
−
#Notwithstanding other standards in this '''Manual''', when metal flashings join at a corner (regardless of the angle), the top face(s) of the flashings must be joined with a standing seam.
+
<li>an asphaltic core board overlay, measuring at least 4.76 mm (1/8”) thick,
−
#Flat overlapped seams are acceptable only where
+
<li>XPS insulation, measuring at least 25.4 mm (1”) thick, or
−
##the height of an inside corner is less than 100 mm (4").
+
<li>a geotextile protection layer with a minimum thickness/weight of 200 g/m2 (used in {{hilite | ''vegetated roof system'' || 2025-October-25 }} applications, where decorative gravel is crushed or smaller than 12.7 mm (1/2”) in diameter, or where the roof covering, superimposed structure or equipment does not exceed the load-bearing capacity of the protection material).
−
##vertical flashings are lapped to fit under counter flashing or equipment flanges.
+
</li></ol>
−
#Standing seams must incorporate clips when the seam is longer than 100 mm (4”), and the clips must be
+
</li></ol>
−
##fabricated from flat metal stock 24-gauge or heavier.
 
−
##at least 38 mm (1-1/2”) wide.
 
−
##spaced apart from each other no more than 200 mm (8”) O.C.
 
−
##secured with at least 2 acceptable low-profile flat head screws.
 
−
#'''S-locked seams''' must be secured through flashing tab (leaf) with at least one (1) acceptable low-profile flat head screw when the seam is longer than 100 mm (4”), but fasteners must not be spaced more than 200 mm (8”) O.C.
 
−
#'''Flat butt seams''' are permissible only for cap flashings, when the flashing is fabricated from metal equal to or heavier than 22 Gauge.  Raw edges are permitted, but <span class="recommended">a flat hemmed edge is recommended for safety and aesthetics</span>. Each seam must be supported by a saddle that is
 
−
##fabricated of the same profile and material as the flashing.
 
−
##secured to the parapet.
 
−
##installed to underlap the butt joint by at least 100 mm (4”) on either side.
 
−
##seated in two parallel beads of un-tooled sealant or butyl tape, which must be applied between the saddle and flashing on either side of the butt joint, for all three faces of the cap flashing.  Secure the cap flashing to the outside and inside faces of the parapet as detailed in '''13.3.2 Attachment'''.
 
−
#Notwithstanding the foregoing, refer to the standards in '''Table 13.1''' and '''Table 13.2''' ('''13.1.2 Design''') for seams, metal gauge and flashing length requirements applicable to metal cap (coping) flashings.
 
−
<div id="METALCAP-SBS"></div>
 
−
<div id="METALBASE-SBS"></div>
 
−
<div id="SBSMETALBASE"></div>
 
  
−
===Cap, Counter and Base Flashings===
+
===={{hilite | 14.2.1.3. Reserved || 2025-October-25 }}{{strike| Root Intrusion Barriers || 2024-October-29 }}====
−
#Cap flashings must be fully supported by a substrate, and require a hidden clip to fasten the outside face.  The inside face of cap flashings may be secured with
 
−
##a hidden clip.
 
−
##cladding fasteners (see ''Materials'' above), which must be evenly spaced between seams along each length of flashing.  Use no fewer than
 
−
###three (3) fasteners for every 3000 mm (10') length of metal flashing.
 
−
###two (2) fasteners for every 2400 mm (8') length of metal flashing.<br/><br/>
 
−
#:Fasteners may not be used on the outside face of cap (coping) flashing.
 
−
#All exposed faces of adjoining lengths of cap flashings must be connected with standing seams or s-locks, unless otherwise provided for in this '''Manual'''.  See also '''13.3.3.3'''.
 
−
#When the outside face of a cap flashing is concealed by a wall assembly, only the outside face may be lap-seamed, provided the overlap is no less than 100 mm (4”) and the overlapping metal is embedded in mastic.
 
−
#Counter-flashings must be secured to the vertical face, with fasteners or a reglet.
 
−
#Metal base flashings are required for walls and curbs when the roof assembly incorporates gravel ballast and filter fabric or where a ''Vegetated Roof System'' is installed.  Metal base flashings must “kick out” minimum 50 mm (2") over insulation and filter fabric.  Filter fabric must be tucked up behind the base flashing.
 
−
#<span class="recommended">Metal base flashings may be fashioned as one piece, but in the alternative, a 2-piece flashing comprised of a lower counter-flashing is the recommended approach, to facilitate roof maintenance</span>.  Install flashings in keeping with other Standards found in this '''Manual'''.
 
  
−
===Metal Edge Terminations===
+
{{strike| <ol>
−
1. Metal edge flashings (including Gravel Stop flashings) must be installed according to the standards in '''10.3.5.2 Metal Edge Terminations'''.
+
<li>Root barriers
−
<hr>
+
<ol>
−
<div id="SBSPLATFORM"></div>
+
<li>must be suitable for the installed ''roof covering'',
−
=THE ROOF as a PLATFORM: Coverings, Living Spaces and Structures=
+
<li>must be selected for their ability to support dead loads, live loads, and point loads, and
−
==General==
+
<li>must be acceptable to the ''manufacturer''.
−
#This section covers the design and installation requirements for roofs that support an overburden, whether it is structurally supported or non-structurally situated on the roof platform.  These overburdens include
+
</li></ol>
−
##'''Roof Coverings''' (including, without limitation)
+
</li></ol> || 2024-October-29 }}
−
###gravel ballast.
 
−
###wearing surfaces and living spaces (rooftop terraces) – pavers, wood or composite decks and walkways, cast-in-place concrete, rubberized surfaces and playscapes, pet relief areas.
 
−
###gardens/vegetated assemblies (modular and built-in-place).
 
−
##'''Structures and Equipment''' (including, without limitation)
 
−
###planters.
 
−
###furnishings.
 
−
###hot tubs.
 
−
###gazebos, pergolas, nets and wind screens.
 
−
###housekeeping pads.
 
−
###photovoltaics.
 
−
###elevated walkways and stairs; satellite equipment; light standards; signage; lightning rods; sculptures.
 
−
###structural planters, pools and other water features.
 
−
#Any covering, structure or item of equipment must be installed in a manner that protects the roof membrane and its performance.
 
−
#Coverage under the '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' may be affected by roof coverings or equipment that impede access to the roof assembly.  Refer to Section 1 in this '''Manual'''.
 
  
−
===Definitions===
+
====14.2.1.4. Drainage and Water Retention Materials====
−
Refer to the [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=Glossary '''Glossary'''] for further definitions of key terms used in this '''Manual'''.
 
−
:'''''Extensive Vegetated Roof Assemblies''''', sometimes referred to as 'eco-roofs', 'low-profile green roofs,' ' rooftop gardens' or simply as 'green roofs',
 
−
:#are installed and maintained without the use of penetrating hand tools.
 
−
:#utilize pre-assembled trays, boxes, mats or other contained soil or media.
 
−
:#have minimal plant species diversity.
 
−
:#are irrigated only to establish plants.
 
−
:#have a soil depth no more than 150 mm (6").
 
−
:#are not normally accessed by building occupants.
 
−
:'''''Inaccessible Overburden''''' refers to overburden that must be demolished in order to access the roof membrane.  A concrete split slab is a type of inaccessible overburden.
 
−
:'''''Overburden''''' (also referred to as a wearing course or layer) is a covering, structure or item of equipment that is situated on top of, and covering all or a portion of, a completed roof or waterproofing membrane assembly. Overburden includes, without limitation,
 
  
−
::<u>'''Roof Coverings'''</u>
+
<ol>
−
:#loose growing media, gravel (used as a covering, not exclusively as ballast), sand or any other granular material.
+
<li>{{hilite | Drainage mats, geo-synthetic drainage cores, and geo-composites used beneath any non-vegetated ''overburden''|| 2025-October-25 }}, must be
−
:#void fill.
+
<ol>
−
:#tiles, pavers, supporting pedestals or other similar materials.
+
<li>acceptable to the ''manufacturer'',
−
:#vegetated assemblies in trays, mats, other similar containers.
+
<li>suitable for the installed ''roof covering'',
−
:#cast-in-place concrete.
+
<li>selected for their ability to support dead loads, live loads, and point loads, and
−
:#playing surfaces.
+
<li>capable of permitting the anticipated flow rate of water.
−
:#pet relief areas.
+
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Moisture retention and reservoir layers must be acceptable to the manufacturer/supplier of the ''Vegetated Roof System''.
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
::<u>'''Structures'''</u>
+
====14.2.1.5. Insulation and Insulation Overlays====
−
:#planters, inclusive of everything they contain
+
(See [[#Part 7 - Insulation | Part 7, "Insulation"]], and [[#Part 8 - Insulation Overlays | Part 8, "Insulation Overlays"]])
−
:#gazebos, decks, benches.
 
−
:#water features & hot tubs.
 
  
−
::<u>'''Equipment'''</u>
+
<ol>
−
:#satellite / Communications.
+
<li>When XPS (with or without a concrete topping) is specified as the drainage layer, it must be grooved (by the manufacturer, or as a post-manufacturing alteration).
−
:#lightning rods.
+
<li>Insulation and ''insulation overlays'' must have a minimum load carrying capacity of 110 Kpa (20 psi), but in any event must be capable of supporting any loads superimposed on the membrane, without compression or distortion of the ''roof system'' or any one of its components.
−
:#photovoltaics.
+
</li></ol>
−
:#signage and lighting.
 
−
:'''''Roof Platform''''' refers to a roof assembly which supports an overburden consisting of coverings, structures or equipment that are not part of the assembly.
 
  
−
===Design===
+
====14.2.1.6. Filter Fabric====
−
<span class="reference">Membrane Roof Assemblies may be utilized for more than simple weather protection; they can be occupied by casual or regular users, for gardening, playing, lounging, or other leisure activities.  Roofs intended for occupancy require that the ''Design Authority'' pay particular attention to the assembly selection itself and, especially, to the protection of the roof membrane</span>.
 
  
−
<span class="reference">A conventional roof membrane assembly is not appropriate for all types of roof coverings. For example, roof covering weight may require the ''Design Authority'' to specify particular materials, and consequently to design a roof as a ''Protected Membrane Roof Assembly''. Furthermore, some roof coverings require maintenance that may result in damage to conventionally insulated assemblies; protected membrane roofs shield the sensitive membrane from this inevitability</span>.
+
<ol>
 +
<li>Filter fabrics must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>acceptable to the ''manufacturer'',
 +
<li>suitable for the installed ''roof covering'',
 +
<li>selected for their ability to support dead loads, live loads, and point loads, and
 +
<li>capable of permitting the anticipated flow rate of water.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite |The properties, composition, and supply of filtration fabrics used in a ''vegetated roof system'' shall conform to the requirements in|| 2025-October-25 }} [https://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php?title=VRA_Standard#6.2.1.3._Filtration_Layers {{hilite | Article 6.2.1.2. || 2025-October-25 }}] {{hilite | of the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”|| 2025-October-25}}.
 +
<li>Fabric filter mats must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>water permeable and have proven long term weather resistance, and
 +
<li>strong enough to withstand traffic abuse and prevent displacement of insulation boards under flotation conditions.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
<span class="reference">A ''Protected Membrane Roof Assembly'' (often referred to as an ‘inverted roof’) offers the designer many benefits, including</span>
+
====14.2.1.7. Decorative Gravel====
−
*<span class="reference">longer lasting membranes</span>.
 
−
*<span class="reference">capacity for heavier dead loads</span>.
 
−
*<span class="reference">only one control layer to seal and join with the rest of the building envelope</span>.
 
−
*<span class="reference">fewer waterproofing challenges around penetrations</span>.
 
−
*<span class="reference">the capacity for electronic leak detection (whether passive or monitored)</span>.
 
−
<br>
 
−
For '''''RoofStar Guarantee Standards''''' pertaining to the securement of a ballasted ''Protected Membrane Roof Assembly'', refer to '''3 SECURING the ROOF ASSEMBLY''', '''3.3.2 Ballasted Roof Assemblies''' (PMRAs and MPMRAs).
 
  
−
Criteria for evaluating the sensitivity of building interiors is left to the ''Design Authority''.
+
<ol>
 +
<li>Decorative gravel {{hilite | (aggregate) || 2025-October-25 }} (See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-14.1.3.10. | Note A-14.1.3.10.]]) must be washed and may be smooth or crushed.
 +
<li>Large grade gravel may withstand wind scour more effectively than smaller gravel, but the ''Design Authority'' must determine the gradients, based on the ''Specified Wind Loads'' for the roof (See also [[#3.2.2.3. Gravel Ballast | Article 3.2.2.3., ''Gravel Ballast'']]).
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
This section is written to provide guidance by way of general standards and guiding principles, to assist the designer in making the best possible choices for the roof assembly.
+
====14.2.1.8. Pavers and Pedestals====
  
−
====<big>General</big>====
+
<ol>
−
#The building structure must be designed to support the weight of any covering, living space or structure superimposed upon the roof platform.
+
<li>Pavers that are partially supported (i.e., with pedestals) must be capable of resisting anticipated loads.
−
#<span class="principles">The ''Design Authority'' should give thought to the inevitability of roof repairs or replacement when designing the coverings, living spaces or structures the roof will support. This includes, without limitation,</span>
+
<li>Pedestals
−
##<span class="principles">access for maintenance</span>.
+
<ol>
−
##<span class="principles">material removal, storage and replacement logistics</span> .
+
<li><span class="principles">should be adjustable when a level surface is required</span>, and
−
#The ''Design Authority'' is responsible for the appropriate securement design of coverings, living spaces and structures, to resist anticipated wind loads.  Where structural securement is desirable or required, it must be made to fully waterproofed structural supports (curbs, sleepers, posts) and must be secured to the structural support at least 200 mm (8”) above the water plane.  See '''11 PENETRATIONS and DRAINS'''.  See also '''3 SECURING the ROOF ASSEMBLY'''.
+
<li>must be purpose-made and include an integral spacer rib no more than 4.76 mm (1/8”) wide, to uniformly separate pavers.
−
#<span class="recommended">A roof designed and constructed as a ''Protected Membrane Roof'' is strongly recommended when</span>
+
</li></ol>
−
##<span class="recommended">the roof covering</span>
+
</li></ol>
−
###<span class="recommended">exceeds 150 mm (6”) in depth (excluding any plants)</span>.
 
−
###<span class="recommended">is an intensive or semi-intensive vegetated system</span>.
 
−
###<span class="recommended">includes cast-in-place concrete surfaces</span>.
 
−
###<span class="recommended">is installed over a podium roof area adjacent to residential high rise structures</span>.
 
−
###<span class="recommended">includes water features or pools</span>.
 
−
###<span class="recommended">includes expansive terrace areas or play spaces</span>.
 
−
##<span class="recommended">the occupied space below a roof area contains, or will contain,</span>  
 
−
###<span class="recommended">highly sensitive equipment or contents (e.g. hospitals, art galleries)</span>.
 
−
###<span class="recommended">electronic systems (e.g. communications or data centres)</span>.
 
−
#Roofs designed as platforms for coverings, living spaces and equipment must take into account the following Standards and Guiding Principles:
 
−
##'''Load bearing''':
 
−
###'''Non-structural installations''' - Insulation and insulation overlays used in a conventional or modified protected membrane roof system must have a minimum load carrying capacity of 110 Kpa (20 psi), but in any event must be capable of supporting any superimposed loads on the exposed membrane, without compression or distortion of the roof system or any one of its components.  Otherwise, the roof platform must be designed as a PMRA.  See also '''8.1.1 Design (Insulation Overlays)'''.
 
−
###'''Structural installations''' - <span class="principles">structural supports (i.e. curbs) should be considered to bear heavier dead loads, to resist specified wind loads, or to secure the equipment during seismic events</span>.
 
−
##Membrane thickness and puncture resistance: Membranes must be selected for their ability to resist accidental puncture by human activity on the roof; the minimum puncture resistance must be at least 400 N.  Refer to the table in 9.1.2 for minimum membrane thickness and puncture resistance requirements.
 
−
##'''Protection''':
 
−
###Membranes must be protected from damage incurred
 
−
####during the construction of a building.
 
−
####from normal use and occupancy of the roof.
 
−
####from maintenance of any installation on top of a roof system, after the building has been commissioned.
 
−
###<span class="recommended">To prevent accidental damage and puncture from falling objects, conventional roofs at elevations lower than those designed for human occupancy should include a protective wearing course or, in the alternative, should be designed as a ''Protected Membrane Roof'' system</span>.
 
−
###Where membranes installed on vertical surfaces may be damaged from foot traffic or shifting coverings, they must be protected as, for example, with base metal flashings.  See '''13.3.4'''.
 
−
###Filter fabrics are required for roof platforms supporting
 
−
####growing media and vegetation.
 
−
####sand and other fine materials.
 
−
####gravel with a diameter less than 12.7 mm (1/2”).
 
−
####wet mortar or concrete.
 
−
####XPS insulation above the membrane, in order to
 
−
#####contain the insulation and thereby prevent ‘insulation stacking’ (displacement) when insulation boards become buoyant in water.
 
−
#####prevent fines from settling at the membrane level and filling the voids between insulation board joints.
 
−
##'''Drainage''':
 
−
###Roofs designed as platforms to support roof coverings, structures or equipment must promote unimpeded drainage of storm or irrigation water.  Where a roof covering material naturally drains (gravel, for example), no additional drainage design is required. {{hilite | In all other cases, the design must incorporate a drainage plane above the supporting roof platform. || 2020-February-15 }}
 
−
###Overburden must be contained with drain guards, rigid barriers and filter fabric.  See also '''11.2.2 Roof Drains and Scuppers'''.
 
−
###Equipment supports placed on the roof system must not impede the flow of water to drains.  To facilitate the adequate movement of water when supports are oriented perpendicular to drainage flow,
 
−
####utilize shorter supports, to a maximum length of 1200 mm (4’).
 
−
####incorporate drainage mats beneath the supports longer than 1200 mm (4’) in any direction.
 
−
##'''Clearance and accessibility''': equipment installed on structural supports or on top of the roof system must be spaced or located in order to promote access to drains, ease of maintenance and worker or occupant safety.
 
−
##'''Integrity Scan''': Every ''Protected Membrane Roof Assembly'' must be electronically scanned immediately prior to the installation of roof materials above the membrane, to ensure it is leak and damage-free.
 
−
##'''Electronic Leak Detection''' (ELD) is optional, depending upon the roof design, building exposure and desired Guarantee coverage.  See also '''1.3.3 Quality Assurance''' and '''1.6 RoofStar Guarantee: Coverage and Limitations'''.
 
  
−
====<big>Roof Coverings</big>====
+
==Section 14.3. Application==
−
=====<big><u>Gravel</u></big>=====
+
===14.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements===
−
Note that gravel used as ballast on a PMRA or MPMRA is considered a means of securement, and is covered in '''3 SECURING the ROOF ASSEMBLY''' and in '''12.1 Protected and Modified Protected Membrane Assemblies'''.
+
====14.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee====
−
#When gravel is specified as the roof covering,
 
−
##the design must include gravel guards around roof drains.
 
−
##only washed gravel may be used.
 
−
#When the gravel used as a roof covering is crushed, or is smaller than 12 mm (1/2”),
 
−
##a geotextile protection layer must be installed immediately above the roof membrane.
 
−
##the gravel must be deep enough to retain the geotextile protection layer.
 
  
−
=====<big><u>Wearing Surfaces and Living Spaces</u></big>=====
+
<ol>
−
#Any wearing surface may be installed on a conventionally insulated roof assembly, provided
+
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
−
##the compressive strength of the insulation will support it.
+
</li></ol>
−
##the insulation in the roof assembly is overlaid with a suitable insulation overlay (see '''8.3.1.4''').
 
−
##the wearing surface does not bond with or touch the roof field membrane or membrane flashing.
 
−
##drainage of storm or irrigation water is not impeded.
 
−
#When concrete paver walkways or platforms are specified, they must promote free drainage of water.  This can be achieved by using adequately spaced
 
−
##pedestals.
 
−
##proprietary pads.
 
−
##XPS insulation.
 
−
##drainage mats.
 
−
#<span class="principles">Wearing surfaces may be sloped or level, depending upon the intent of the design, and therefore ''Project'' specifications and drawings should indicate this</span>.
 
−
#When cast-in-place concrete is used as a roof covering directly over the roof membrane, the concrete must be separated from the membrane with both of the following:
 
−
##A bond-breaking material, such as a proprietary drainage mat or XPS insulation.
 
−
##A filter fabric or barrier material acceptable to the membrane manufacturer, able to prevent the concrete slurry from reaching the membrane.
 
−
<div id=SBSEXTENSIVE></div>
 
  
−
=====<big><u>Vegetated Roof Systems (VRSs)</u></big>=====
+
====14.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-year Guarantee====
−
#Modular vegetated systems must be designed for wind uplift resistance, based on the ''Specified Wind Loads'' calculated using the WIND-MVRA online calculator (see also '''3 SECURING the ROOF ASSEMBLY''').  Since VRSs often provide ballast for PMRAs and may be installed by someone other than the roofing contractor, the ''Design Authority'' must specify the coordination of work to ensure the roof assembly is immediately and properly secured.
 
−
#Conventionally insulated roof assemblies may be used to support any type of ''Vegetated Roof System'' (VRS), provided
 
−
##the compressive strength of the insulation will support it.
 
−
##the insulation in the roof assembly is overlaid with a suitable insulation overlay (see '''8.3.1.4''').
 
−
##the membrane manufacturer is agreeable to the application and is confident the membrane can withstand the anticipated hydrostatic pressures when the vegetated system is fully saturated with water
 
−
##the membrane is fully adhered.
 
−
#<span class="recommended">Notwithstanding the above, semi-intensive and intensive vegetated systems should be designed as part of a ''Protected Membrane Roof Assembly''</span>.  See also '''14.1.2.1.7''' above.
 
−
#Every roof that supports a ''Vegetated Roof System'' must have, in addition to a drainage layer and membrane protection, a
 
−
##root barrier.
 
−
##filter fabric layer.
 
−
#<span class="principles">''Vegetated Roof Systems'' that are built in place should be designed with an additional layer of protection immediately below the growing media and above the rest of the roof and vegetation assembly, to ensure the protection of these materials from tools</span>.
 
−
#''Separation Zones'', which are free of growing media or vegetation and protect vulnerable membrane seams from root damage, must be
 
−
##at least 300 mm (12”) wide, or greater as determined through ''Specified Wind Load'' calculations (see also '''3 SECURING the ROOF ASSEMBLY''').
 
−
##bordered by a non-penetrating, surface-installed physical barrier (for example, a retention Tee).
 
−
##installed around the perimeter of the ''Vegetated Roof System'', and around any of the following, which may be contained within the area covered by the VRS:
 
−
###roof drains.
 
−
###roof penetrations.
 
−
###sleepers and curbs.
 
−
###any mechanical equipment not supported by a curb.
 
−
###expansion or control joints.
 
−
#Membrane flashing must be protected from damage, both during the installation of vegetated systems and during ongoing maintenance.  Refer to '''13.3.4''' for guidance.
 
  
−
<div id=SBSPRECURB></div>
+
<ol>
−
====<big>Structures and Equipment</big>====
+
<li>To qualify for a '''''RoofStar 15-year Guarantee''''', all ''projects'' shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a '''''RoofStar 5-year Guarantee''''' or '''''RoofStar 10-year Guarantee'''''.
−
#Refer to the general design standards and guidelines in '''14.1.2.1 General'''.
+
</li></ol>
−
#Non-structural installations
 
−
##<span class="recommended">are strongly recommended whenever practical, since they</span>
 
−
###<span class="recommended">minimize the number of penetrations, curbs or sleepers necessary for structural securement</span>.
 
−
###<span class="recommended">eliminate possible weak points in the membrane assembly, where a leak may occur</span>.
 
−
###<span class="recommended">avoid dedicated mechanical drainage</span>.
 
−
###<span class="recommended">simplify removal of materials when membrane repairs are required</span>.
 
−
##must be placed on an appropriate protection layer or supported by pedestals, pavers or other means of distributing weight and point loading.
 
−
##may be placed on a ''Conventionally Insulated Roof'' provided the insulation in the roof assembly is capable of supporting all anticipated dead loads, live loads and point loads (see '''14.1.2.1.4''').
 
−
#A structural concrete planter or water feature that is
 
−
##<span class="principles">cast-in-place should be constructed on a pre‐curb that is continuously waterproofed as part of the primary roof membrane and waterproofed independently of the primary roof membrane</span>.
 
−
##pre-cast must be secured to
 
−
###a pre‐curb that is continuously waterproofed as part of the primary roof membrane.
 
−
###structural supports that are waterproofed in keeping with the Standards in '''11 PENETRATIONS and DRAINS'''.
 
−
#When concrete walls or structures are constructed without a pre-curb, all concrete surfaces must be fully and continuously enveloped with the primary roof membrane.  See also '''1.6.1.2'''.
 
−
#'''Pre‐curbs''' must be
 
−
##at least 100 mm (4") in height above the water plane of the highest adjacent roof assembly (see Construction Detail [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php/SBS_Details:D1.7.6-5_Curbs_%26_Sleepers_(Pre-curb_for_Planters) '''D1.7.6-5 Curbs & Sleepers (Pre-curb for Planters)''']).
 
−
##completely enveloped with fully adhered acceptable membrane flashing (including all faces of drainage knock‐outs).
 
−
##properly waterproofed around dowels with a 2-part reinforced liquid membrane flashing.
 
−
#When a structural planter adjoins a ''Protected Membrane Roof Assembly'', the planter design must include either of the following options for drainage:
 
−
##a plumbed mechanical drain that
 
−
###incorporates a debris guard and maintenance access.
 
−
###extends above the top surface of the growing media at least 50 mm (2”).
 
−
##drainage knock-outs in the pre-curb wall, which should be wide enough to allow for the free flow of water over or past of the membrane flashing plies.
 
−
#When a structural planter adjoins a conventionally insulated roof assembly, only a plumbed mechanical drain is permissible.
 
−
#<span class="recommended">A design review is advisable when a structural water features incorporates penetrations for wiring, lights or other submerged features</span>.
 
−
#Tiles or other architectural finishes may be applied to the waterproofing membrane, subject to a written Variance from the '''''RoofStar Guarantee''''' administration and approval by the membrane manufacturer.
 
−
#Drains, re-circulation inlets and outlets used in water features must include clamping rings and must be sealed to the membrane assembly.
 
−
#When a leak detection system is specified, or required, only non‐ferrous metal drains may be used.
 
−
#Drain connections to internal piping must be made with mechanical compression type seals only.
 
  
−
==Materials==
+
===14.3.2. All Systems===
−
===Insulation and Insulation Overlays===
+
====14.3.2.1. Membranes and Membrane Protection====
−
See also '''7 INSULATION'''
 
−
#Insulation that supports an acceptable roof covering must have a minimum compressive strength equal to or exceeding the dead loads and anticipated overall live loads and point loads of the overburden.
 
−
#Insulation used in a PMRA must be Extruded Polystyrene Foam Insulation (XPS).
 
−
#When XPS (with or without a concrete topping) is specified as the drainage layer, it must be grooved (by the manufacturer or post-manufacturing).
 
−
#When an insulation overlay is required (see 14.1.2.2), it must be a composite product
 
−
##no less than 12.7 mm (½") thick.
 
−
##with a minimum compressive strength of 620 kPa (90 psi).
 
  
−
===Membranes===
+
<ol>
−
#Refer to the table in '''9.1.2''' for minimum membrane thickness and puncture resistance requirements.
+
<li>Membranes and membrane flashing must be installed in keeping with the requirements found elsewhere in this Standard.
 +
<li>Protection of roof membranes from mechanical damage caused by tools, accident or the work of others is mandatory during the installation and maintenance of any ''roof covering'' or living space (See also [[#9.1.3.4. Membrane Protection | Article 9.1.3.4., "Membrane Protection"]], for related requirements).
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
===Components for Vegetated Systems and Other Roof Coverings===
+
====14.3.2.2. Filter Fabric====
−
#While drainage mats, filter fabrics, root barriers and other vegetated system components are ancillary to the roof assembly, they nevertheless must be
 
−
##acceptable to the manufacturer of the primary membrane and XPS insulation (when used).
 
−
##suitable for the installed roof covering.
 
−
##selected for their ability to support dead loads, live loads and point loads.
 
−
##capable of permitting the anticipated flow rate of water.
 
−
#Geosynthetic drainage cores, and geocomposites with factory-laminated filter fabrics, must
 
−
##be molded (dimpled) or woven plastic grids so that it contacts no more than 40% of XPS insulation surface area.
 
−
##be manufactured with a minimum thickness of 9.5 mm (3/8”).
 
−
##provide a uniform support for roof coverings, structures or equipment installed on the roof platform.
 
−
##have a compressive strength equal to or greater than the design and anticipated live loads of the roof platform and its supported coverings, structures or equipment.
 
−
#Fabric filter mats must be
 
−
##water permeable and have proven long term weather resistance.
 
−
##strong enough to withstand traffic abuse and prevent displacement of insulation boards under flotation conditions.
 
−
#Root intrusion barriers
 
−
##must be sheets or boards that are acceptable to the primary roof membrane manufacturer.
 
−
##may be polyethylene or polypropylene sheeting, provided the material is no less than .2mm (8 mils) thick.
 
−
#Membrane protection must be either of the following materials:
 
−
##asphaltic core board measuring at least 3 mm (1/8”) thick.
 
−
##XPS insulation measuring at least 25 mm (1”) thick.
 
−
##a geotextile protection layer with a minimum thickness/weight of 200 g/m2  (applicable when the gravel is crushed or smaller than 12 mm (1/2”) in diameter).
 
−
#Moisture retention and reservoir layers must be acceptable to the manufacturer/supplier of the vegetated system.
 
  
−
===Decorative Gravel===
+
<ol>
−
#Decorative gravel (different in function from gravel ballast) must be washed and may be smooth or crushed.
+
<li>Fabric filter rolls {{hilite | used in any system other than a ''vegetated roof system''|| 2025-October-25 }} must be  
−
#Large grade gravel may withstand wind scour more effectively than smaller gravel.  The ''Design Authority'' should determine the gradients, based on the Specified Wind Loads for the roof.  For size options, see '''12.1.2.4''' for ''Protected Membrane Roof Assemblies''.
+
<ol>
 +
<li>at least 2489.2 mm (98") wide,
 +
<li>installed loose-laid (un-bonded) over the insulation and below any type of ballast or ''roof covering'',
 +
<li>overlapped at all edges a minimum of 304.8 mm (12"),
 +
<li>slit to fit over roof penetrations,
 +
<li>cut out around roof drains and other openings,
 +
<li>{{hilite | carried up all vertical transitions (including penetration flashings) above the ''finished roof system surface'' at least 76.2 mm (3”), || 2023-June-16 }} and
 +
<li>{{hilite | loosely held in place at all perimeter edges and curbs, behind metal counter flashings or wall finishes, || 2023-June-16 }} and
 +
<li>{{hilite | secured around penetration flashings. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
===Pavers and Pedestals===
+
====14.3.2.3. Drainage {{strike| and Water Retention || 2024-October-29 }}====
−
#Pavers that are partially supported (i.e. with pedestals) should be capable of resisting anticipated loads (consider, for example, hydraulically pressed concrete pavers).
 
−
#Pedestals
 
−
##<span class="principles">should be adjustable, when a level surface is required</span>.
 
−
##must be proprietary (purpose-made) and include an integral spacer rib measuring at least a 3mm (⅛”), to uniformly separate pavers.
 
  
−
==Application==
+
<ol>
−
===General===
+
<li>{{hilite | The location of the drainage layer(s) shall conform to the requirements in [[#Part 7 | Part 7]] || 2025-October-25 }}{{strike| A drainage mat must be installed below the XPS insulation|| 2024-October-29 }}.
−
====<big>Membranes</big>====
+
<li><span class="principles">A second drainage layer may be installed above the insulation, but this is at the discretion of the ''Design Authority''</span>.
−
#Membranes and membrane flashing must be installed in keeping with the Standards found elsewhere in this '''Manual'''.
+
<li>Specialized proprietary drainage products must be acceptable to the ''manufacturer''.
−
#Protection of roof membranes from mechanical damage caused by tools, accident or the work of others is mandatory during the installation and maintenance of any roof covering or living space.
+
</li></ol>
  
−
====<big>Drainage</big>====
+
====14.3.2.4. Decorative Gravel====
−
#A drainage mat must be installed below the XPS insulation.  A second drainage layer may be installed above the insulation but this is at the discretion of the ''Design Authority''.
 
−
#Specialized proprietary drainage products must be acceptable to the membrane manufacturer.
 
  
−
====<big>Filter Fabric</big>====
+
<ol>
−
#Fabric filter mats must be
+
<li>When gravel {{hilite | (aggregate) || 2025-October-25 }} is specified as a ''roof covering'', only washed gravel may be used.
−
##installed loose-laid (un-bonded) over the insulation and below any type of ballast or roof covering.
+
<li>Ballast guards must be installed around all roof drains (See [[#11.3.2.3. Drain Protection Against Blockage | Article 11.3.2.3.]]).
−
##overlapped at all edges a minimum of 300mm (12").
+
<li>Crushed gravel specified as a ''roof covering'' must be
−
##at least 2.5 m x 2.5 m (8’ x 8’) in size.
+
<ol>
−
##slit to fit over roof penetrations, and cut out around roof drains and other openings.
+
<li>installed over a geotextile protection layer, or its equivalent, when the gravel is crushed or smaller than 12.7 mm (1/2”) in diameter, and
−
#Filter fabric must extend up perimeter edges and curbs, and placed loose (unattached) under metal counter flashings or wall finishes. See also '''13.3.4.3''' concerning metal flashings.
+
<li>{{hilite | must be applied in quantities sufficient to hold down the protection layer against displacement by wind. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
===Roof Coverings===
+
====14.3.2.5. Wearing Surfaces====
−
====<big>Decorative Gravel</big>====
 
−
#When gravel is specified as a roof covering, only washed gravel may be used.
 
−
#Ballast guards must be installed around all roof drains. See '''11.2.2 Roof Drains & Scuppers'''.
 
−
#Crushed gravel specified as a roof covering must be installed over a geotextile protection layer, or its equivalent, when the gravel is crushed or smaller than 12 mm (1/2”) in diameter.
 
  
−
====<big>Wearing Surfaces and Living Spaces</big>====
+
<ol>
−
#Pavers and unit-type masonry, such as brick or stone, must be supported by
+
<li>Pavers and unit-type masonry, such as brick or stone, must be supported by
−
##proprietary (purpose-made) pedestals with at least a 3mm (⅛”) integral spacer ribs for uniform spacing of pavers.
+
<ol>
−
##a proprietary drainage layer overlaid with a filter fabric mat.
+
<li>proprietary (purpose-made) pedestals with at least a 4.76 mm (1/8”) integral spacer ribs for uniform spacing of pavers,
−
##a drainage layer of loose aggregate (such as pea gravel) measuring at least 25 mm (1") in depth, installed over a filter fabric.
+
<li>a proprietary drainage layer overlaid with a filter fabric mat, or
−
#Pedestals or a drainage layer must permit at least 12.7 mm (½″) of vertical separation between the paver and the underlying substrate, to provide airflow for drying surfaces and assist in leveling. <span class="principles">Pedestals should not impede the flow of water or air, and should uniformly distribute the dead load of pavers, and other unit masonry products, as well as predicted live loads</span>.
+
<li>a drainage layer of loose aggregate (such as pea gravel) measuring at least 25.4 mm (1") in depth, installed over a filter fabric.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Pedestals, or a drainage layer,
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>must permit at least 12.7 mm (1/2″) of vertical separation between the paver and the underlying substrate, to provide airflow for drying surfaces and assist in leveling, and
 +
<li><span class="principles">should not impede the flow of water or air, and should uniformly distribute the dead load of pavers, and other unit masonry products, as well as predicted live loads</span>.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Cast-in-place concrete installed directly above the roof membrane must be separated from the membrane and its protection layers with material and a filter fabric or barrier material specified by the ''Design Authority'' and conforming to the requirements in || 2023-June-16 }} [[#14.1.3.11. Wearing Surfaces | Article 14.1.3.11.]]
 +
</li></ol>
  
−
====<big>Vegetated Roof Systems</big>====
+
====14.3.2.6. Vegetated Roof Systems====
−
#All vegetated roof systems must be installed as specified and shown on drawings, and in any case must include a
+
(See [[Notes to SBS Standard#A-14.3.2.6. | Note A-14.3.2.6.]])
−
##root barrier.
 
−
##drainage layer.
 
−
##filter cloth.
 
−
#<span class="principles">Roofs that support built-in-place soil or growing media beds should include an additional penetration-resistant protection course between the growing bed and other vegetated assembly materials.  The protection course prevents damage to these materials whenever sharp-pointed or edged tools are used for the maintenance of the vegetated assembly</span>.
 
−
#Root intrusion barriers must be
 
−
##installed in a continuous plane above the roof membrane.
 
−
##located within the vegetated system as specified by the ''Design Authority''.
 
−
##sealed at all seams and laps with a compatible tape, as directed by the manufacturer's instructions.
 
−
##carried up the inside of soil retention perimeters (separation zones).
 
−
##sealed to the separation zone edge material.
 
−
#Separation Zones must be
 
−
##at least 300 mm (12”) wide.
 
−
##bordered by a non-penetrating, surface-installed physical barrier.
 
−
##installed along all roof perimeters.
 
−
##installed around
 
−
###up-stands.
 
−
###roof drains.
 
−
###penetrations.
 
−
###sleepers and curbs.
 
−
###mechanical equipment.
 
−
###expansion or control joints.
 
  
−
===Structures and Equipment===
+
<ol>
−
#Structural planters and water features (pools, ponds, water courses) must be constructed with a pre‐curb (start‐up curb), onto which the planter or water feature wall is formed and poured.
+
<li>{{hilite | All ''Vegetated Roof Systems'' must be installed according to the requirements in the [[VRA Standard | “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”]]|| 2025-October-25 }}.
−
#'''Pre‐curbs''' must be
+
{{strike| as specified and shown on drawings, and in any case must include a
−
##at least 100 mm (4") in height above the water plane of the highest adjacent roof assembly (see Construction Detail [http://rpm.rcabc.org/index.php/SBS_Details:D1.7.6-5_Curbs_%26_Sleepers_(Pre-curb_for_Planters) '''D1.7.6-5 Curbs & Sleepers (Pre-curb for Planters)''']).
+
<ol>
−
##completely enveloped with fully adhered acceptable membrane flashing (including all faces of drainage knock‐outs).
+
<li>root barrier,
−
#Dowels (reinforcement bar) must be  
+
<li>drainage layer, and
−
##inserted into the pre‐curb after application of the membrane flashing.
+
<li>filter cloth.
−
##waterproofed around dowels (reinforcement bar) using either a reinforced 2-part liquid membrane flashing or two (2) applications of a single-component liquid membrane flashing (fully cured between coats),  
+
</li></ol>
−
###applied to properly prepared surfaces.
+
<li><span class="principles">Roofs that support built-in-place soil or growing media beds should include an additional penetration-resistant protection course between the growing bed and other ''Vegetated Roof System'' materials</span>.
−
###in keeping with the application standards in '''11.3.3.3''' for 2-part reinforced liquid membrane flashing, or the manufacturer’s instructions for single-component liquid membrane flashing.
+
<li>Root intrusion barriers must be
−
###applied no less than 50 mm (2”) on vertical surfaces and around the base of each dowel.
+
<ol>
−
#Structural planters and water features must be waterproofed on the inside with a fully‐adhered membrane that terminates on the inside vertical surface of the planter at least 100 mm (4”) above the level of soil, growing medium or water, or at the outside edge of the top surface of the planter or water feature wall.
+
<li>installed in a continuous plane above the roof membrane,
−
#Membranes must be terminated in keeping with the Standards in '''11 DRAINS and PENETRATIONS''', and protected with metal reglet or cap flashings in keeping with '''13 METAL FLASHINGS'''.
+
<li>located within the ''Vegetated Roof System'' as specified by the ''Design Authority'',
−
#A membrane integrity scan and any resulting repairs must be undertaken before the membrane is covered or submerged.
+
<li>sealed at all seams and laps with a compatible tape, as directed by the manufacturer's instructions,
 +
<li>carried up the inside of soil retention perimeters used to separate growing media and vegetation from (without limitation) ''parapets'', ''walls'', penetrations, drains, ''curbs'', sleepers, ''expansion joints'', and ''control joints'' (the "separation zone"), and
 +
<li>sealed to the ''separation zone'' edge material.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>''Separation zones'' must be installed to conform to the design of the ''Vegetated Roof System'', and shall also conform to the requirements in [[#14.1.3.12. Vegetated Roof Systems | Article 14.1.3.12.]]
 +
<li>Membrane flashing must be protected from damage, both during the installation of a ''Vegetated Roof System'', and during ongoing maintenance. || 2024-October-29 }}
 +
</li></ol>
  
 +
====14.3.2.7. Structures and Equipment====
 +
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Structural installations (i.e., planters, pools, ponds, or water courses) must be constructed with
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>a pre‐curb (start‐up curb), onto which the installation is formed and poured, or
 +
<li>full-height walls that are formed and poured in direct contact with the structural ''deck''.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Pre‐curbs ({{hilite | '''Figure 14.3.2.7.-A''' || 2025-October-25 }}) must
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>achieve a finished height at least 101.6 mm (4") above the ''drainage plane'' of the highest adjacent ''roof assembly'' (For an example of this see Construction Detail [[SBS Structural Planter | "Structural Planter"]]), and
 +
<li>be completely enveloped with fully adhered acceptable sheet or liquid membrane flashing (including all faces of drainage knock‐outs).
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | All planters and water features must be fully waterproofed on the inside; sheet membrane installation must conform to the requirements in || 2023-June-16 }} [[#10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls | Article 10.3.2.3.]]{{hilite | , and liquid membrane flashing shall conform to the requirements in || 2023-June-16 }} [[#10.3.3.4. Liquid Membrane Flashing | Article 10.3.3.4.]]
 +
<li>{{hilite | All membrane flashing shall terminate || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | on the outside face of the planter wall, at least 50.8 mm (2”) below the upper edge, or || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | on the inside face of the planter wall with a cut reglet ''linear metal flashing'', caulked with sealant and installed no less than 50.8 mm (2”) above the top surface of growing media. || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | Structural installations that do not incorporate pre-curbs must be || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>{{hilite | flashed to cover the complete exterior surface with roof membrane, or || 2023-June-16 }}
 +
<li>{{hilite | flashed with sheet membrane that is installed, terminated, and protected to conform to || 2023-June-16 }} [[#10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls | Article 10.3.2.3.]]
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<br>
 +
:{|
 +
|-
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="1"; style="text-align:center;width:450px;" | {{hilite | '''Figure 14.3.2.7.-A Pre-curbs and Sheet Membrane Flashing''' || 2025-October-25 }}<br>{{hilite | Forming Part of Article 14.3.2.7. || 2025-October-25 }}<br><small>(Click to expand illustration)</small>
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:SBS Figure 14.3.1.jpg|link=http://rpm.rcabc.org/images/5/5b/SBS_Figure_14.3.1.jpg | 450 px]]
 +
|}
 +
 +
<li>Dowels (reinforcement bar) must be
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>inserted into the pre‐curb after application of the membrane flashing, and
 +
<li>waterproofed in their final position, where they penetrate the pre-curb.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>Dowels must be waterproofed with
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>a single application of an accepted, fleece-reinforced 2-component liquid membrane flashing, or
 +
<li>two (2) applications of a single-component liquid membrane flashing,
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>applied to properly prepared surfaces,
 +
<li>fully cured between coats,
 +
<li>in keeping with the application requirements in [[#10.3.3.4. Liquid Membrane Flashing | Article 10.3.3.4.]], for 2-component reinforced liquid membrane flashing, or the manufacturer’s instructions, when using a single-component liquid membrane flashing, and
 +
<li>applied no less than 50.8 mm (2”) on vertical surfaces and in a radius around the base of each dowel.
 +
</li></ol>
 +
</li></ol>
 +
<li>When structures or equipment exceed the limits stated in [[Guarantee#3.2.1.2. Limitations and Exclusions of Guarantee | Division A, Article 3.2.1.2.]], a membrane integrity scan and any resulting repairs must be undertaken before the membrane is covered.
 +
</li></ol>
  
 
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=[[Notes to SBS Standard | Notes to Standard]]=
  
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[[SBS Modified Bitumen Membrane Systems|<i class="fa fa-chevron-circle-left" ></i> ''SBS Modified Bitumen Membrane Systems'']]
 
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[[Accepted Materials - SBS Modified Bitumen Roof Assemblies|<i class="fa fa-chevron-circle-right" ></i> ''Accepted Materials'']]
 
 
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© RCABC 2018
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<hr>
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No reproduction of these Standards, in whole or in part, is lawful without the expressed permission of the RGC Guarantee Program.
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[[Main Page | <i class="fa fa-home fa"></i> Home]]
 
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{{Template:RPM Page Footer with Copyright and Current Date}}

Latest revision as of 17:45, 29 November 2024



Contents

Division B - Standards
Waterproofing Roof Systems: Flexible Membranes (Polymer-modified Bituminous)

RGC Standard for SBS-modified Bitumen Membrane Roofs

About the Standard

This Standard is a consolidation of requirements previously published in the Roofing Practices Manual for Flexible Membrane Roofing Systems. It is comprised of fourteen (14) Parts that contain the requirements, guiding principles, recommendations and informative materials necessary for a roof to qualify for a RoofStar 5-Year Guarantee, RoofStar 10-Year Guarantee or RoofStar 15-year Guarantee. Requirements to qualify for a RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee are listed in each relevant Part under Section 1. All RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee requirements must be read together with the General Requirements for each Part in this Standard.

Notes to the Standard are hyperlinked from each Part and can be read by using the link in the Table of Contents for the Standard. Highlighted text within the body of the Standard indicates revisions made within the last twelve (12) months.

This Standard follows a specific structure, incorporates defined terms, and utilizes coloured text to denote specific meaning; this is explained in Division A, Part 2, "Structure and Organization of RPM and Standards". When the requirements in this Standard conflict with other resources found either in this Manual or in manufacturer's published instructions, the rules for Authority and Conflict in Division A, Article 2.3.1.2. shall be applied.

Readers are advised to review relevant materials that can be accessed through the hyperlinks embedded in the body of text.

Table of Contents
Part 1 - General
Part 2 - Supporting Structures: Decks and Walls
Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly
Part 4 - Materials
Part 5 - Deck and Wall Overlays
Part 6 - Air and Vapour Controls
Part 7 - Insulation
Part 8 - Insulation Overlays
Part 9 - Roof Field (Membrane Systems)
Part 10 - Perimeters and Walls
Part 11 - Drainage
Part 12 - Penetrations and Curbs
Part 13 - Linear Metal Flashing
PART 14 - The Roof as a Platform
Notes to Standard

First Edition: June 14, 2018
Previous Edition: October 20, 2023
Current Edition: Adopted October 25, 2024

All changes to this Standard are effective
November 1, 2024

© RCABC 2024
RoofStarTM is a registered Trademark of the RCABC.
No reproduction of this material, in whole or in part, is lawful without the expressed permission of the RCABC Guarantee Corp.

Part 1 - General

Section 1.1. Design

1.1.1. General

1.1.1.1. Scope

  1. The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in Division A, Part 1.
  2. In addition to the Scope described in Division A, this Standard applies to the design and construction of roof systems that are site-built, or which may be factory fabricated, in part or in their entirety.

1.1.1.2. Coverage and Limitations

  1. Coverage under the RoofStar™ Guarantee shall be as described in Division A, Article 3.2.1.2.

1.1.1.3. References

  1. In this Standard, all references to
    1. the "British Columbia Building Code" (the "Building Code", or the "Code"), to municipal or regional building codes or regulations, or to other standards, presume the current edition that is in force,
    2. materials mean those materials expressly accepted by the Guarantor, unless stated otherwise, and
    3. measurements are shown in metric units first, followed by Imperial values (typically in parentheses; see Division A, Article 2.1.3.2., "Measurements").

1.1.1.4. Defined Terms

  1. Words that appear in italics are defined in the Glossary. Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part and the Standard:
    1. Design Authority means the individual or firm responsible for the issuance of project specifications and details to which the project will be bid and constructed. When a Contractor designs a project, the Contractor is deemed to be the Design Authority.
    2. Finished roof system surface means the top surface of any roof system, inclusive of ballast or overburden.
    3. Grade-level waterproofing system means an insulated or uninsulated system, designed and constructed at grade with a sheet or liquid-applied membrane, to exclude water.
    4. Linear metal flashing means flashings cut and shaped from flat metal stock, to redirect water at roof perimeters and edges, or to control the flow of water in valleys and drainage spillways. Linear metal flashings also protect roof membranes from weathering and damage and provide an aesthetic finish to the roof system.
    5. Guarantor (used interchangeably with RGC) means the RCABC Guarantee Corporation, which offers the RoofStar Guarantee.
    6. Membrane system means the combination of field and flashing membranes which function together to waterproof underlying materials and systems.
    7. Observer means a firm or person paid by the building Owner (directly, or through the RGC), who is independent (not a member) of the RCABC, and who is accepted by the RGC to provide Quality Assurance reviews during construction and after completion of the project, according to the terms and conditions set out in RCABC policy .
    8. Vegetated Roof Assembly (VRA), used interchangeably in the "RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs" with green roof or green roofing, means a functional arrangement of interacting components, inclusive of vegetation, that is designed in conjunction with a supporting roof assembly, is intended to both grow and flourish, and is often installed on a roof to control the rate of rainwater discharged through a storm drainage system .
    9. Waterproofing roof system means an insulated or uninsulated roof system, designed and constructed on roofs using a sheet or liquid-applied membrane, to exclude water. This type of system typically is installed on roof slopes less than 1:4 (3” in 12”).
    10. Water-shedding roof system means an insulated or uninsulated roof system, designed and constructed to shed water away from a structure, not to waterproof it. This type of system typically is installed on roof slopes greater than 1:4 (3” in 12”) but may be installed on slopes as low as 1:6 (2" in 12").

1.1.1.5. Reserved

1.1.1.6. Objectives

  1. Every roof system shall conform to the more stringent of this Standard or the Building Code or By-law having jurisdiction.

1.1.1.7. Responsibility for Design

  1. Each design of a roof system shall be undertaken by a person or persons qualified in the work concerned (See Article 3.1.3.1. with respect to the securement of the roof assembly).
  2. The Coordinating Registered Professional is responsible for ensuring the design of the vegetated roof assembly complies with all applicable building, energy, and fire codes having jurisdiction.

1.1.1.8. Pre-Design Requirements

  1. The Coordinating Registered Professional is responsible to ensure that the roof assembly design is a multi-disciplinary enterprise that aligns with the designs for structural, plumbing, mechanical, electrical, architectural, and building envelope, together with all trades whose work intersects with the Contractor’s scope of work, to minimize out-of-sequence operations that could compromise the integrity of the completed roof assembly.

1.1.1.9. Suitability of Design

  1. The Design Authority is responsible for determining the appropriate roof assembly design and must consider (without limitation)
    1. the requirements of the building code having jurisdiction,
    2. the structural capabilities or limitations of the building,
    3. fire resistance and the roof class requirements for the building,
    4. wind loads (See Part 3 of this Standard),
    5. the effects of nearby structures on the roof assembly,
    6. the potential effects of reflected heat on the roof assembly,
    7. roof system aesthetics, and
    8. maintenance requirements, including the safety of maintenance workers.
  2. When the roof is intended as a platform to support a vegetated roof system, the supporting roof assembly must be suitable for that purpose (See Sentence 1.1.3.1.(2)).

1.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements

1.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-Year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.
  2. In addition to Sentence (1), all projects shall comply with
    1. the project specifications and drawings, and
    2. the manufacturer's published installation requirements.

1.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Standard for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, together with the following:
    1. Each project must be designed and constructed in compliance with both the RoofStar Guarantee Standards, together with the membrane manufacturer’s available 20-year System Warranty standards.
    2. Where enhanced roof system securement is required by the manufacturer, which may exceed the securement required in a Tested Assembly, an Assembly with Proven Past Performance or a custom-engineered securement, the project must comply with the higher securement requirements.
    3. On all "new construction" projects, where external access is not provided, all roofs with a field elevation greater than 7620 mm (25’) above grade must incorporate safe, appropriate access to the roof, for example by incorporating stairs and a doorway or a properly located roof hatch (Safe, appropriate access to the roof is recommended for existing buildings, to facilitate maintenance and ongoing performance reviews).
    4. Moisture surveys for Membrane Replacement projects must be documented and submitted in report form to the Guarantor for review and consideration prior to tender; documented testing means a moisture survey scan performed by a qualified person, and
      1. at least three (3) cut tests for roof areas up to 20,000 sf (200 squares), or one (1) cut test for every 2000 sf (20 squares), whichever is more,
      2. one (1) cut test for every 3000 sf (30 squares) of roof area that exceeds the first 20,000 sf (200 squares), or
      3. one (1) cut test for each small roof area measuring no more than 200 sf (2 squares).
    5. Membrane Replacement projects must incorporate new insulation overlays in keeping with the requirements published in Part 8, Insulation Overlays.
    6. Materials left in place for partial roof system replacement must be scanned for moisture (Article 1.1.4.3.).
    7. All roofs (new construction and replacement roofing) must be built with a minimum slope of 2% (1:50) (Article 2.1.2.2.).
    8. All replacement roofing must utilize crickets to enhance drainage around curbs and sleepers (Article 2.1.2.2.).
    9. On new construction roofs, curbs and sleepers wider/longer than 1219.2 mm (48") must incorporate crickets to improve drainage (Article 7.1.2.2.).
    10. An insulation overlay is required on all conventionally insulated roof systems (Article 8.1.2.2.).
    11. Only certain membranes will qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee (Article 9.1.2.2.).
    12. All drains and overflows require clamping rings, and overflows are required for each roof area (Article 11.1.2.2.).
    13. Enhanced penetration flashing requirements (Article 12.1.2.2.).
    14. Linear metal flashings must be fabricated from 24-gauge material (Article 13.1.2.2.).

1.1.2.3. Quality Control

  1. Notwithstanding any other requirements in this Standard, the Contractor shall
    1. bid the project to meet the more stringent of this Standard or the project specifications,
    2. bid the project to include only RGC-accepted systems and materials,
    3. ensure that the supporting roof assembly conforms to the requirements and limitations of Article 1.1.3.1.,
    4. notify the Observer at least 24 hours before construction is scheduled to start or resume (72 hours notice is required for projects further away than 100 km),
    5. ensure that construction conforms to this Standard and exhibits good workmanship,
    6. ensure that samples, reports, shop drawings, ELD arrangements, certificates, manufacturer approvals, warranty documentation, and all other submittals are collected and provided to the Guarantor as required in Article 1.3.2.4., and
    7. abide by all pertinent RCABC policies.

1.1.2.4. Quality Assurance

(See Note A-1.1.2.4. )

  1. Notwithstanding any other requirements in this Standard, the Observer shall
    1. verify that the materials used in construction are accepted by the Guarantor and listed in Division C of this Manual,
    2. review the construction of the roof system (according to the prescribed number of observations, with consideration for the expected duration of construction) for conformance with the more stringent of
      1. this Standard,
      2. conditions and limitations in Division A of the RPM, as they apply,
      3. the manufacturer’s published requirements,
      4. the project drawings and specifications, or
      5. the Building Code having jurisdiction.
    3. review and report whether the Contractor has met the policy requirements noted in this Standard, and
    4. perform cut tests or other acceptable methods, whenever required, to verify that the materials and methods of construction conform to this Standard (for example, this may be required when the Contractor has completed more than 30 squares of roofing without an observation).

1.1.3. All Systems

1.1.3.1. Permitted Roof Systems

(See Note A-1.1.3.1.)

  1. This Standard applies to new construction, and to the partial or complete replacement of existing roofs, constructed as
    1. Uninsulated systems in which the membrane is bonded directly to the roof deck or an overlay, and is exposed to the weather and to sunlight,
    2. Conventionally insulated systems, sometimes referred to as Compact Roofs, in which the membrane is installed above insulation and other roof system materials, and is exposed to the weather and to sunlight,
    3. Protected roof systems, also referred to as “inverted”, in which the membrane is installed beneath other roof system or protection materials (usually insulation), and is protected from exposure to the weather and from sunlight, and
    4. Modified protected roof systems, which combine the functions and benefits of both a conventionally insulated system and a protected roof system, and where the membrane is protected from exposure to the weather and to sunlight.
  2. Where the roof is intended to support a vegetated roof system and qualify for a RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee, only a new roof or a roof that is specified for a complete roof system replacement will qualify for the Guarantee (See Article 1.1.4.2. and Article 1.3.3.2. ).

1.1.3.2. Accessibility for Maintenance

  1. All roofs with a field elevation greater than 7620 mm (25’) above grade should incorporate access to the roof by stairs and a doorway or with a properly located roof hatch.
  2. Any hatch, ladder or mechanical unit should be located a sufficient distance away from the roof edge (setback zone) so that other fall protection measures are not required by those using or accessing this equipment.
  3. When it is not possible to situate a hatch, ladder, or mechanical unit outside the setback zone, guard rails should be designed for the roof edge to provide additional fall protection for those using or accessing such equipment.
  4. Each roof should be designed to provide safe access for maintenance of roof drains, corners, or mechanical equipment, where the roof is at least 3 m (10’) above the surface of the ground, or where a hazard to a person exists, should a fall be possible (this principle also applies to roof areas intended for regular occupancy); design elements to mitigate fall hazards should align with the Code having jurisdiction, and with the Workers Compensation Act Regulations, and should include
    1. tall parapets,
    2. guardrails, or
    3. tie-off anchors.
  5. Where a roof is intended to support a vegetated roof system, the roof must satisfy the design and pre-construction requirements published in the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”.

1.1.3.3. Membrane Integrity Testing

(See Note A-1.1.3.3. and Figure 1.1.3.3.-A )

  1. Electrical current membrane integrity testing shall conform to
    1. ASTM D7877, "Standard Guide for Electronic Methods for Detecting and Locating Leaks in Waterproof Membranes", or
    2. ASTM D8231, "Standard Practice for the Use of Low Voltage Electronic Scanning System for Detecting and Locating Breaches in Roofing and Waterproofing Membranes."
  2. An electrical current membrane integrity test is required when anyone other than the Contractor installs overburden, amenities, or equipment, (In this Standard, the term "electrical current membrane integrity test" means a test method that uses electrical current and electronic sensing technology to detect breaches in the membrane system).
  3. An electrical current membrane integrity test is required when the Contractor installs overburden, amenities, or equipment, but only when
    1. the total project area (footprint), inclusive of planters or other waterproofed features, exceeds 18.58 m2 (200 sf), and
    2. overburden, amenities, or equipment exceed 152.4 mm (6”) in depth .
  4. When the roof assembly supports a vegetated roof system covered by a RoofStar Guarantee an electrical current membrane integrity test is optional (not required) but recommended . An electrical current membrane integrity test is required immediately prior to the installation of a vegetated roof system .
  5. An electrical current membrane integrity test must be performed by an RGC-recognized service provider listed in Division C.
  6. Flood testing employed as a secondary or alternative membrane integrity test is strongly discouraged for conventionally insulated roof systems because of the risk of extensive damage to system components or the building interior, and is best suited for protected roof systems (See Note A-1.1.3.3.(5)).
  7. If flood testing is specified, it shall be conducted prior to the installation of insulation and roof coverings, and must be executed in keeping with ASTM D5957, "Standard Guide for Flood Testing Horizontal Waterproofing Installations".


Figure 1.1.3.3.-A Electronic Integrity Testing
Forming Part of Article 1.1.3.3.
(Click to expand illustration)
Figure 1.1.3.3.-A.jpg

1.1.3.4. Electronic Leak Detection

(See Note A-1.1.3.4.)

  1. Electronic Leak Detection (ELD), when specified by the Design Authority, shall conform to
    1. ASTM D7877, "Standard Guide for Electronic Methods for Detecting and Locating Leaks in Waterproof Membranes", or
    2. ASTM D8231, "Standard Practice for the Use of Low Voltage Electronic Scanning System for Detecting and Locating Breaches in Roofing and Waterproofing Membranes."
  2. Electronic Leak Detection (ELD) is optional for waterproofing roof systems, but strongly recommended
    1. for projects where multiple trades will have access to a roof that is under construction and completed, to identify breaches in the waterproofing membrane in a timely way and avoid future costly delays,
    2. when the roof assembly protects a sensitive occupied space (i.e., data centres, hospitals, critical infrastructure), or
    3. when the roof supports any type of overburden, amenities, or equipment, including a vegetated roof system .
  3. When Electronic Leak Detection is specified, it shall provide detection capabilities for all waterproofed surfaces, and should extend at least 50.8 mm (2") vertically from the drainage plane at
    1. all transitions,
    2. any point along the entire deck perimeter, and
    3. protrusions.

1.1.3.5. Hot Works

(See Note A-1.1.3.5.)

  1. The Design Authority may specify that the Contractor must maintain compliance with the RCABC Hot Works Program and consequently manage the Hot Works conducted on site (See Article 1.3.2.1.).
  2. When the project involves Hot Work, the Design Authority must either
    1. pre-approve alternate applications already written in this Standard or another applicable Standard published in this Manual, when the specified application is deemed to be fire-sensitive by the Contractor as part of the risk assessment process, or
    2. provide alternate material and application requirements in the Specification for fire sensitive locations on the project.

1.1.3.6. Variances

  1. When a design is unable to conform to the Standard, the Design Authority may apply to the RGC for a written Variance.
  2. Application for a written Variance must be made in writing (email correspondence is common), and must
    1. identify the project name and its civic address,
    2. identify the RoofStar Guarantee number (if assigned),
    3. identify the Contractor (if awarded),
    4. articulate the nature of the design problem,
    5. identify the RoofStar Guarantee requirement to be varied, and state the desired modification (i.e., reduce the requirement for 203.2 mm (8") to 152.4 mm (6")),
    6. cite the reference to which the Variance will apply (i.e., Standard name, article number, sentence number, etc.), and
    7. provide design drawings, photographs, and roof plans, referencing grid lines that identify or articulate the boundaries to which the Variance will be applied.
  3. Variances are issued by the RGC only to the Design Authority and will be distributed to the Contractor.
  4. A Variance may be unrestricted in its scope, or it may include one or more conditions, or a restriction in coverage, that will affect the design and construction of the project, to accommodate the varied standard, but this is at the discretion of the Guarantor.
  5. Variances are issued only for the project-specific issue identified in the written request, and do not constitute general permission to depart from the published requirements in this Standard, for any aspect of the same project or for future projects, designed or constructed by any other firm.
  6. A Variance for a vegetated roof assembly shall conform to the requirements in Article 1.1.3.6. of the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”.

1.1.4. Replacement and Alterations

(The requirements in Subsection 1.1.3., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following Articles) (See Note A-1.1.4.)

1.1.4.1. General Requirements

  1. Unless expressly permitted otherwise in this Standard, the design for replacement roofing shall conform to the requirements for new roofing in this Standard.

1.1.4.2. Complete Roof System Replacement

  1. Complete roof system replacement shall conform to the general requirements in Article 1.1.4.1., unless expressly varied elsewhere in this Standard.
  2. Roof system replacement means the complete removal and replacement of all roof system and metal flashing materials, exclusive of the air or vapour control layers, and only new replacement materials shall be installed.
  3. Subject to the requirements in Part 6, "Air and Vapour Controls", the decision to reuse and repair an existing air or vapour control layer remains the responsibility of the Design Authority.
  4. Roof system replacement projects are eligible to qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee, RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, or a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, subject to their respective requirements.

1.1.4.3. Partial Roof Replacement

  1. Partial replacement of roof systems is permitted by the Guarantor, but coverage under the Guarantee is limited to new materials supplied and installed by the Contractor.
  2. Retention of insulation materials in a roof system is subject to the requirements for insulation in Part 7.
  3. Membrane replacement, which is limited to the removal and replacement of the roof membrane and materials adhered to the membrane,
    1. may be specified without a written Variance from the Guarantor, and
    2. may qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, provided
      1. the Design Authority is certain the existing roof system is properly secured to the existing deck structure (See Part 3, "Securing the Roof Assembly"),
      2. the existing roof system is demonstrably dry and free of any wet materials (wet materials must be replaced, in order to qualify for a RoofStar Guarantee),
      3. the existing field membrane will be removed,
      4. a new insulation overlay will be supplied and installed, together with a new roof membrane,
      5. existing membrane flashing will be removed and replaced with new materials, and
      6. the design conforms to the requirements in this Standard for new roof construction.
  4. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, membrane replacement projects must conform to the requirements of this Article and shall include the removal and replacement of the insulation overlay (Ref. Article 1.1.2.2.).

1.1.4.4. Membrane Recovering

(See Note A-1.1.4.4. )

  1. Recovering (installing a new membrane system over an existing membrane system)
    1. may qualify for both a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and a RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, but only if it is permitted under a written Variance issued by the Guarantor prior to the tendering of documents (recovering is not a recommended practice and will limit the scope of coverage under the RoofStar Guarantee), and
    2. does not qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee.
  2. Membrane recovering, which is a type of roof system replacement, does not qualify for a RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee .
  3. A RoofStar Guarantee issued for a recovered roof is limited strictly to the value of new roof system materials; existing materials that remain in place beneath new materials are not covered by the RoofStar Guarantee.
  4. All membrane recovering project specifications and drawings shall reflect and conform to the construction requirements in Article 1.3.3.4.
  5. Before proceeding with roof recovering, the Design Authority should consider
    1. the requirements for moisture testing (described below),
    2. testing securement of materials to be left in place, and
    3. the potential consequences of failure for the building and its use.
  6. To qualify for a written Variance from the Guarantor, the Variance request (See Article 1.1.3.6.)
    1. must identify the type of roof system to which the Variance pertains (i.e., uninsulated, conventionally insulated, protected, or modified protected roof system),
    2. must indicate how the new roof system will be secured (See Part 3, "Securing the Roof Assembly"),
    3. must specify how the existing roof system will be physically separated from other roof areas, and
    4. must include the formal independent report that describes the condition of the existing roof system, and which documents results from cut tests and moisture investigation that are prerequisites for a RoofStar Guarantee.
  7. Uninsulated and protected roof systems presented to the Guarantor in a written Variance application by the Design Authority must be
    1. free of blisters and breaches in the membrane,
    2. independently surveyed by qualified professionals, when they are constructed on a wood deck, using calibrated moisture detection equipment, and
    3. cut open and probed for moisture and deterioration when any moisture is detected in a wood deck (the results of such investigation must be formally documented for review by the Guarantor), or
  8. Conventionally insulated and modified protected roof systems presented to the Guarantor in a written Variance application by the Design Authority must be independently surveyed by qualified professionals using calibrated moisture detection equipment and cut tests, and the resulting survey shall be formally documented for review by the Guarantor.
  9. All cut test surveys performed on conventionally insulated systems
    1. shall be independently documented for review by the Guarantor,
    2. must be performed using ASTM D7636/D7636M-11, "Standard Practice for Sampling and Analysis of Modified Bitumen Roof Systems", and
    3. shall be no fewer than
      1. three (3), for roof areas up to 20,000 sf (200 squares), or one (1) for every 2,000 sf (20 squares), whichever is more,
      2. one (1) for every 3000 sf (30 squares) of roof area that exceeds the first 20,000 sf (200 squares), and
      3. one (1) for each small roof area equal to or less than 200 sf (2 squares).
  10. When a conventionally insulated roof system
    1. is structurally sloped, at least half (50%) of the required cut tests shall sample the roof in or near valleys, and near roof drains.
    2. is structurally flat, samples shall be taken near roof drains and in a random pattern across the roof.
  11. All wet material identified by either the independent moisture detection survey or through cut tests shall be specified for removal.

1.1.4.5. Tie-ins, Additions, and Alterations to Existing Roofing

  1. Where a new roof adjoins and ties into an existing roof, the two areas must be isolated and separated by a control joint securely attached to the structure and waterproofed in keeping with the requirements in both Article 10.1.6.2., "Control Joints (Roof Dividers)", and Part 10, "Perimeters and Walls".
  2. If project conditions do not allow for a curb joint, the Design Authority must submit an alternative design and obtain a written Variance from the Guarantor that permits the elimination of curb joints (see Article 1.1.3.6., "Variances"); any alternative design
    1. must include design specifications and construction details showing a positive water cut-off that fully isolates the existing roof system from the new roof system, and
    2. shall show how the new roof system will be easily distinguishable from the existing roof system.
  3. Repairs or renovations to an existing roof system that is not covered by a RoofStar Guarantee do not qualify for a RoofStar Guarantee (the term "renovation" means the removal and replacement of, or the application of a cover to, a portion of the roof system).
  4. Modifications or additions to a guaranteed roof are permissible, subject to various conditions, but must be made by a Contractor qualified to perform work under the RoofStar Guarantee Program.

1.1.5. Reserved

Section 1.2. Reserved

Section 1.3. Application

1.3.1. Reserved

1.3.2. All Systems

1.3.2.1. Hot Works: Contractor Requirements

  1. The Contractor must maintain the requirements of the RCABC Hot Works Program, including (without limitation)
    1. Insurance Coverage, wherein the limits carried on the Contractor’s policy must equal or exceed the minimum requirements set by RCABC, and coverage must be unhindered by warranties that limit or exclude coverage when Hot Works is required,
    2. Education and training, since workers who perform Hot Works must be trained by the Contractor and kept current with acceptable methods,
    3. the "British Columbia Fire Code", wherein a Fire Safety Plan, preventative methods or alternative work procedures, fire watches, and the use and placement of equipment at the project site must comply with the BC Fire Code requirements for Hot Work,
    4. a Fire Safety Plan, whereby
      1. the Contractor must assess the hazards to property and persons and produce a written Fire Safety Plan prior to the start of work, and
      2. the Fire Safety Plan must be kept on the project site and must be kept current until the project is completed,
    5. RoofStar Guarantee Standards, to which the Contractor must conform, at each juncture where the interface of different membranes applications constitutes part of the Fire Safety Plan,
    6. a Fire Watch, in which the Contractor must, as part of the Fire Safety Plan, conduct a fire watch
      1. that complies with the "British Columbia Fire Code",
      2. is assigned to competent, trained personnel using suitable equipment, including the use of a hand-held infrared thermometer, and
      3. is documented in a written fire watch log, and
    7. Hot Works Notification, wherein the Contractor shall notify the project authority or the AHJ, as and when required, that Hot Works will be performed.

1.3.2.2. Workmanship

(See Note A-1.3.2.2.)

  1. The Contractor must take reasonable measures to protect the project from damage by the weather, during and at the completion of the project.
  2. Open penetrations and flashings must be temporarily sealed off from the weather, even when other trades are responsible to make a permanent seal or install overlapping materials (See Article 4.2.1.1.).

1.3.2.3. Contractor Qualifications

  1. Supervision and installation of a RoofStar-guaranteed waterproofing roof system may be conducted only by established employees of the Contractor, and every project must be supervised by a Journeyperson employee who holds a valid ticket.
  2. A Journeyperson may supervise a maximum of three (3) apprentices and/or three (3) labourers (Ref. RCABC Policy A-248).

1.3.3. Replacement and Alterations

(The requirements in Subsection 1.3.2., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following Articles)

1.3.3.1. General Requirements

  1. Unless expressly permitted otherwise in this Standard, all replacement roofing shall conform to the requirements for new roofing in this Standard.

1.3.3.2. Complete Roof System Replacement

  1. See the requirements throughout this Standard, which apply to both new construction and replacement of a roof system.

1.3.3.3. Partial Roof Replacement

  1. See the requirements throughout this Standard, which apply to both new construction and replacement of a roof membrane.

1.3.3.4. Membrane Recovering

(See Article 1.1.4.4.)

  1. All wet material identified by either the independent moisture detection survey or through cut tests shall be removed in the course of construction.
  2. When recovering uninsulated systems,
    1. deteriorated wood decks must be repaired with new material of like kind and quality; a new roof system shall not be installed on a compromised deck,
    2. the existing membrane system must be
      1. clean and free of debris, gravel, or blisters, and
      2. cut at the perimeter change in plane to relieve any tension or distortions in the membrane, and
    3. the existing field and flashing membranes must be overlaid with a mechanically attached, inorganic moisture-resistant insulation overlay board acceptable to the Guarantor, secured to conform to the requirements in Part 3.
  3. When recovering conventionally insulated systems, the existing membrane must be cut through
    1. in a grid pattern measuring no larger than 6m x 6m (approximately 20' x 20'), and
    2. around the perimeter of the roof area, no more than 0.2 m (8") from the edge.
  4. A grid-cut field membrane must be overlaid with a mechanically attached, inorganic moisture-resistant insulation overlay board acceptable to the Guarantor.
  5. When expanded polystyrene insulation (EPS) is present in an existing roof system, the existing membrane must be overlaid with at least one layer of 50.8 mm (2”) mineral wool or polyisocyanurate insulation, in combination with a RoofStar-accepted insulation overlay board (as required).
  6. New membrane system materials must be properly secured to the underlying roof assembly.
  7. All membrane recovering projects must incorporate only new
    1. strip-in flashings for roof penetrations (Ref. Part 12),
    2. roof drains (cast-iron roof drains in usable condition are exempted from this requirement; see Article 11.3.3.2.), and
    3. linear metal flashings (Ref. Part 13).

1.3.3.5. Tie-ins, Additions, and Alterations to Existing Roofing

  1. Where a new roof adjoins and ties into an existing roof, the two areas must be isolated and separated by a curb joint securely attached to the structure and waterproofed in keeping with the requirements for control joints ( Article 10.1.6.2. and Article 10.3.6.2.).
  2. If the Design Authority has obtained from the Guarantor a written Variance that permits the elimination of curb joints, the new roof system must be fully isolated from the existing roof system with a positive water cut-off that renders the new roof system easily distinguishable from the existing roof system.

1.3.3.6. Repairs and Modifications

  1. When a roof system that is covered by an active (unexpired) RoofStar Guarantee has been damaged or otherwise requires repairs, work shall conform to the specifications of the material manufacturers, and to the requirements in this Standard, with respect to (without limitation)
    1. the securement of new materials ( Part 3),
    2. deck or wall overlays ( Part 5),
    3. continuity of air and vapour controls ( Part 6),
    4. thermal resistance and insulation overlays ( Part 7 and Part 8),
    5. membranes ( Part 9),
    6. membrane flashing ( Part 10),
    7. drains ( Part 11),
    8. penetrations and curbs ( Part 12), and
    9. linear metal flashings ( Part 13).
  2. Modifications to an existing roof system covered by an active (unexpired) RoofStar Guarantee, including (without limitation) the addition of new curbs, drains, or penetrations, shall conform to all the requirements in this Standard, or as otherwise stated.

1.3.4. Reserved

Part 2 - Supporting Structures: Decks and Walls

(See Note A-2)

Section 2.1. Design

2.1.1. General

2.1.1.1. Scope

  1. The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in Division A, Part 1.

2.1.1.2. Defined Terms

( See Figure 2.1.3.1.-A )

  1. Words that appear in italics are defined in the Glossary. Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part:
    1. Common Slope means a roof with a slope 1:3 (4” in 12”, or 18 degrees), up to and including 1:1 (12” in 12”, or 45 degrees).
    2. Deck overlay means a panel material secured to the supporting deck, to render the deck surface suitable for the installation of roofing materials.
    3. Extreme Slope means a roof with a slope greater than 21:12 (21” in 12”, or 84 degrees).
    4. Flat (roof) means a roof with a slope less than 1:6 (2” in 12”, or 9 degrees).
    5. Low Slope means a roof with a slope 1:6 (2" in 12", or 9 degrees, up to but less than 1:3 (4” in 12”, or 18 degrees).
    6. Sheathing means a rigid panel material secured directly onto framing.
    7. Steep Slope means a roof with a slope greater than 1:1 (12” in 12”, or 45 degrees) up to and including 21:12 (21” in 12”, or 84 degrees).
    8. Supporting deck ("deck") means the "structural surface to which a roof system is applied" (adapted from ASTM D1079-18 Standard Terminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproofing).
    9. Wall means a structural or non-structural element in a building that vertically separates space. Walls may separate the outside environment from the interior conditioned space of a building, or they may separate one or more interior spaces from each other (adapted from ASTM E631-15, "Standard Terminology of Building Constructions").
    10. Wall overlay means a panel material secured to the surface of a wall, to render it suitable for the installation of roofing or wall cladding materials.


Figure 2.1.1.2.-A Roof Slope
Forming Part of Article 2.1.1.2.
(Click to expand illustration)
Figure 2.1.1.2.-A (Slopes).jpg

2.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements

2.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.

2.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, and shall (for replacement roofs)
    1. be designed with a minimum slope of 2% (1/4” in 12”), measured on the primary sloped planes of the roof, and
    2. incorporate crickets at curbs and sleepers that impede drainage or are wider or longer than 1219.2 mm (48”).

2.1.3. All Systems

2.1.3.1. General Requirements for Roof Slope

(See Note A-2.1.3.1.)

  1. The Design Authority must design the slope of a roof to achieve proper drainage and must take into consideration the anticipated deflection and settlement of the structure, which may interfere with drainage.
  2. While good drainage is desirable but not always perfectly achievable, and roof waterproofing systems generally are not affected by standing water, each project design should incorporate sufficient slope to move water off the roof surface.
  3. "Sufficient slope", which is subject to conditions that permit evaporation, shall mean that no standing water remains on the roof surface after a reasonable interval following a rainfall (See Note A-2.1.3.1.(4)).
  4. Roof slope should be increased beyond the minimums published in this Standard when local climate conditions, such as rainfall frequency or severity, result in ongoing or significant ponding conditions (see Article 2.1.3.2. and Article 2.1.3.3. for minimum requirements).
  5. Drainage (slope toward plumbing drains) should be achieved (in descending order of best practices) with
    1. four-way slope to drain,
    2. two-way slope to drain, in combination with crickets between drains,
    3. slope to a common valley, or to gutters, or
    4. positive sloping valleys to drains (highly recommended).
  6. The use of drain sumps, designed to isolate collected water for the drain, is highly recommended, but sloping the perimeters of a sump is not required (See also Article 11.1.3.1., "Principles of Design").

2.1.3.2. Roof Slope for New Construction

  1. All new construction roofs must be designed and built with a slope of no less than 2% (1/4” in 12”), measured on the primary sloped planes of the roof.
  2. When the slope of the primary plane of drainage
    1. is less than 6% (3/4" in 12"), it must be covered with a 2-ply membrane roof system.
    2. is equal to or greater than 6% (3/4" in 12"), it may be covered with a single-ply membrane roof system.

2.1.3.3. Roof Slope for Replacement Roofing

  1. Replacement roof systems may qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee without correcting poor drainage, though the elimination of ponding (standing water) is strongly recommended.

2.1.3.4. Deck Condition and Suitability for Roofing

  1. The Code having jurisdiction prevails in all cases except where it is exceeded by the requirements published in this Standard.
  2. Notwithstanding the requirements in this Standard, the RoofStar Guarantee does not cover the supporting deck material or its attachment to the building structure, which is the responsibility of the Design Authority and the building contractor.
  3. The supporting deck must be dimensionally stable, resist deflection from dead and live loads, and must be capable of accommodating roof system component movement.
  4. Walls, parapets, curbs, blocking, and penetrations should be constructed or placed by other trades prior to the commencement of roofing work.

2.1.3.5. Drainage Around Obstructions

  1. Curbs that span 2438.4 mm (96") or more when measured perpendicular to roof slope, across the direction of drainage, should be designed with a cricket to divert water around the curb.

2.1.4. Reserved

2.1.5. Roof Decks

2.1.5.1. Steel Roof Decks

(See Note A-2.1.5.1.) (See also Part 9 and Part 10 for substrate preparation requirements)

  1. Steel decks must be acceptable to the manufacturer and must conform to either
    1. ASTM Standard Specification A653 / A653M, "Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) or Zinc-Iron Alloy-Coated (Galvannealed) by the Hot-Dip Process": Structural (Physical) Quality, minimum Grade 33, with a design thickness of 22-gauge (0.759 mm) or greater and a minimum zinc coating designation Z275, or
    2. ASTM Standard Specification A792 / A792M, "Steel Sheet, Aluminum-Zinc Alloy-Coated by the Hot-Dip Process": General Requirements, minimum Grade 33, with a design thickness of 22-gauge (0.759 mm) or greater and a minimum aluminum-zinc alloy coating designation AZ150.

2.1.5.2. Concrete Roof Decks

(See Note A-2.1.5.2.)

  1. Cast-in-place and precast concrete decks must cure for at least 28 days before receiving an adhered roof membrane ("adhered", as it is used in this requirement, means fully or intermittently bonding any membrane to the deck with an adhesive, hot asphalt (bitumen), or heat), but this limitation may be reduced if
    1. both the building envelope engineer and the manufacturer expressly permit membrane application within the first 28 days after pouring, and
    2. their respective signed letters of permission are furnished to the Guarantor forthwith, to be included with the project record.
  2. Shotcrete-formed concrete decks are not an acceptable substrate for the application of sheet membranes.

2.1.5.3. All Wood Roof Decks

(See Note A-2.1.5.3.)

  1. Wood decks
    1. must conform to the material requirements of the Code (see "British Columbia Building Code", Division B, Part 9, Article 9.23.16.2.. "Material Standards"),
    2. shall be free of loose knots or cracks,
    3. shall have a moisture content acceptable to the manufacturer (for self-adhered or adhered membranes, moisture content shall not exceed 19%; Ref. Canadian Wood Council, "Moisture and Wood"), and
    4. shall be secured to other supporting structural elements of the building in keeping with the published requirements of the Code having jurisdiction; specifying the structural suitability of fasteners is the responsibility of the Design Authority.
  2. Differential edge movements or deflection exceeding 1/360 of the span must be prevented
    1. by constructing the deck with tongue-and-groove plywood, and supporting the non-grooved edges with joists or solid blocking, or
    2. by supporting butt joints at unsupported edges with solid blocking.
  3. All wood board decks to which a membrane will be directly applied must be covered with a properly secured, suitable overlay to
    1. ensure the integrity of the membrane, and
    2. protect membranes from wood sap or deck surface irregularities and protruding fasteners.
  4. Mass timber wood decks do not require an overlay unless specified by the manufacturer.
  5. Securement of overlaid sheathing shall conform to the requirements for wood decks in this Part.
  6. All types of wood decks should be roofed promptly after installation.

2.1.5.4. Plywood Roof Decks

  1. Plywood panels should conform to CSA 0121, “Douglas Fir Plywood”, CSA 0151, “Canadian Softwood Plywood”, or CSA 0153, “Poplar Plywood”, but in any event must conform to the requirements published in the Code having jurisdiction (See Note A-2.1.5.4.(1)).
  2. All plywood decks (notwithstanding the minimum requirements for plywood used to overlay mass timber and wood board decks; see Article 2.1.5.5., Article 2.1.5.6., and Article 2.1.5.7.) shall be constructed to conform to the "British Columbia Building Code" for either Part 3 or Part 9 buildings, and shall be
    1. at least 12.7 mm (1/2”) thick, unless exceeded by the specified securement design (Ref. Part 3, "Securing the Roof Assembly"),
    2. free of loose knots and cracks, which are considered defects and must be covered with sheet metal, mechanically fastened in place,
    3. securely fastened to roof framing, and installed so that the surface grain (plywood) runs at right angles to the roof framing,
    4. properly gapped between panels, and
    5. fully supported along all panel edges.
  3. When a plywood deck is intended to support a protected roof system and a vegetated roof system,
    1. the deck and any vertical planes that contact the vegetated roof system should be pressure-treated tongue-and-groove plywood at least 19.05 mm (3/4”) thick, but when the existing deck and adjoining wall surfaces are untreated wood, they should be overlaid with no less than one layer of an RGC-accepted deck overlay panel listed in Division C of this Manual (See Note A-2.1.5.1. Suitability of Roof Deck in the "RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs"), and
    2. the Design Authority shall be responsible to calculate the anticipated live and dead loads of the system and design suitable approaches to mitigate deflection.

2.1.5.5. Mass Timber Roof Decks

(See Note A-2.1.5.5.)

  1. Mass timber decks, which include cross-laminated timbers (CLT), nail-laminated timbers (NLT), dowel-laminated timbers (DLT), and traditional glue-laminated timbers (Glulam), are acceptable to the Guarantor and do not require an overlay, but when an overlay is required by the manufacturer it must be plywood conforming to the material requirements in Article 5.2.1.1.
  2. A mass timber deck that will support a vegetated roof system may be overlaid with a vapour permeable membrane, followed by screw-fastened marine-grade T&G plywood at least 19.05 mm (3/4”) thick, to which the roof system may be applied .

2.1.5.6. Non-veneered Panel Roof Decks

(See Part 9, "Roof Field (Membrane Systems)")

2.1.5.7. Wood Board Roof Decks

  1. Wood board decks should be of sound seasoned lumber, properly secured to the supporting structure.
  2. Wood board decks (including decks constructed with shiplap lumber) to which an uninsulated membrane roof system will be installed must be overlaid with an acceptable overlay conforming to Article 5.2.1.1., to render the deck suitable for roofing.

2.1.6. Reserved

2.1.7. Walls

(See Note A-2.1.7.)

2.1.7.1. General

  1. Wall surfaces must be clean, dry, and smooth, suitable for the application of roof system materials.
  2. Wood or steel-stud walls must be sheathed with a material suitable for adhering membranes and securing metal flashings; when sheathing is unsuitable, it must be overlaid with an accepted wall overlay.
  3. Sheathing is considered a wall surface for the purpose of this Standard.
  4. Wall surfaces suitable for receiving waterproofing materials must extend beyond the maximum installed height of the waterproofing, but in any event must be installed at least 203.2 mm (8”) above the finished roof system surface (For wall overlays, refer to Article 5.2.1.3.).
  5. Indirect connections between walls and roofs require a control joint (See Note A-10.1.6.2.).

2.1.8. Electrical Cables and Boxes

(See Note A-2.1.8. concerning electrical systems, fire and shock hazards, and Rule 12-022 of the Canadian Electrical Code, Part I)

2.1.8.1. New Construction

  1. Electrical cables, raceways or boxes shall not be installed within a roof assembly (Figure 2.1.8.1.-A).
  2. Electrical cables, raceways or boxes shall not be installed on the underside of a roof assembly, unless
    1. the supporting deck structure equals or exceeds 76.2 mm (3”) in thickness (Figure 2.1.8.1.-B), or
    2. the cables, raceways or boxes are installed and supported so there is a separation of not less than 38.1 mm (1-1/2") measured between the underside of the roof assembly and the electrical installation (Figure 2.1.8.1.-C).
  3. Notwithstanding either (1) and (2), cables or raceways shall be permitted to pass through a roof assembly for connection to electrical equipment installed on the roof, provided that the passage through the roof is a part of the roof assembly design.
  4. Electrical cables installed above the roof assembly should be elevated to permit proper support, roof maintenance and future replacement roofing (Figure 2.1.8.1.-D).


Figure 2.1.8.1.-A
Prohibited Installation of
Electrical Conduit
Forming Part of Sentence 2.1.8.1.(1)
(Click to expand)		 Figure 2.1.8.1.-B
Roof Decks and Electrical Conduit
Installation
Forming Part of Clause 2.1.8.1.(2)(1)
(Click to expand)
Figure 2.1.8.1.-A (Electrical).jpg Figure 2.1.8.1.-B (Electrical).jpg
Figure 2.1.8.1.-C
Minimum Separation Between Roof Assembly
and Electrical Conduit
Forming Part of Clause 2.1.8.1.(2)(2)
(Click to expand)		 Figure 2.1.8.1.-D
Electrical Conduit Elevated Above
Roof Assembly
Forming Part of Sentence 2.1.8.1.(4)
(Click to expand)
Figure 2.1.8.1.-C (Electrical).jpg Figure 2.1.8.1.-D (Electrical).jpg


2.1.8.2. Roof Replacement and Alterations

  1. If existing electrical cables or boxes do not conform to the requirements in Article 2.1.8.1., the Design Authority must consider the attachment of the roof system above the electrical system, and the requirements set out in Part 3, "Securing the Roof Assembly".
  2. The Design Authority should
    1. specify protection of existing electrical cables and boxes (a 4.76 mm (3/16”) steel plate may be used to minimize the possibility of fastener penetration and cutter damage, but protection plates may interfere with mechanical fasteners used to secure the roof system against wind uplift, even for future replacement roofing), and
    2. provide the building owner with detailed as-built drawings that accurately map the location of electrical cables and boxes.

Section 2.2. Materials

2.2.1. Material Properties

2.2.1.1. Sheathing for Framed Walls

  1. Framed wall sheathing must be
    1. moisture resistant fibreglass-faced silicon treated gypsum core board, with a minimum thickness of 12.7 mm (1/2”) (These panels are specifically designed to receive roof membranes and may be installed horizontally or vertically).
    2. fibre-mat reinforced cement boards with a minimum thickness of 9.53 mm (3/8"), or
    3. plywood, having a minimum thickness of 12.7 mm (1/2”).
  2. Where wall sheathing is unsuitable to receive roofing materials, refer to Part 5, "Deck and Wall Overlays".

Section 2.3. Application

2.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements

2.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.

2.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, and replacement roofing shall
    1. achieve a finished slope of at least 2% (1/4” in 12”), when measured on the primary sloped planes of the roof, and
    2. incorporate crickets at curbs and sleepers that impede drainage or are wider or longer than 1219.2 mm (48”).

2.3.2. All Systems

2.3.2.1. Construction of Decks and Walls

  1. Unless otherwise permitted and described in this Standard, the construction of deck and wall structures, and their suitability for the application of roofing materials, is the responsibility of other trades.

Part 3 - Securing the Roof Assembly

YVR Wind 1 (short).gif

Click on the gif above to see the full high-definition video, which illustrates why roof system securement requirements matter (NOTE: the video shows a mechanically fastened, conventionally insulated EPDM roof system constructed to the RoofStar Guarantee Standard of the time (2013). The membrane "flutter" in wind is common for this type of roof system).

Section 3.1. Design

3.1.1. General

3.1.1.1. Scope

(See Note A-3.1.1.1.)

  1. The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in Division A, Part 1.
  2. This Part applies to all new roofs, and to both full and partial replacement roof systems.
  3. This Part sets out the requirements for
    1. material substitution (applicable to Tested Assemblies),
    2. fastener and adhesive application (minimum numbers and spacing),
    3. roofs that support overburden, or fixed amenities and equipment, and
    4. roofs where only part of the system must be replaced.
  4. Conventionally insulated roof systems designed and constructed with sheet membranes must be secured using
    1. a Tested Assembly (a membrane roof system, together with a specified roof deck, tested for its wind resistance capabilities using CSA-A123.21, "Standard test method for the dynamic wind uplift resistance of membrane-roofing systems" (latest edition)(See Note A-3.1.1.1.(4)), or
    2. an Assembly with Proven Past Performance (an existing, representative roof system, together with a specified roof deck, which is used as a “proven” pattern for securing a new roof system on the building under consideration; see Article 3.1.4.3.).
  5. When neither of the foregoing options is available to the Design Authority to conform to the Code, the roof system must be secured using a custom engineered design (See Article 3.1.4.4.).

3.1.1.2. Intent

(See Note A-3.1.1.2.)

  1. The requirements in this Part intend to support and conform to or exceed the Building Code.

3.1.1.3. Limit of Liability under RoofStar Guarantee

  1. Notwithstanding Article 3.1.1.2., the materials presented herein are based on an interpretation of the Code and are not the Code itself; therefore, the reader is responsible to exercise good judgement, and to read, understand and comply with the Code, as and how it applies to the reader’s particular project and its design requirements.
  2. Where the Code can be shown to exceed the requirements, guiding principles, and recommendations of this Part or any related Part in this Standard, the Code shall prevail.
  3. Compliance with this Part or the Code does not guarantee that a roof will not succumb to forces exerted by wind, and therefore neither the Guarantor nor the Contractor will accept any responsibility for damage to, or failure of, a roof system caused by wind; too many variables beyond the control of this Standard affect the wind resistance performance of a roof system, including (without limitation)
    1. the continuity or discontinuity of air and vapour control layers of the entire building enclosure,
    2. openings in the building (windows and doors, which are often occupant-controlled and not static), and
    3. wind strength, which may exceed the codified numeric wind speed values used to calculate wind resistance for the roof system (Ref. "British Columbia Building Code 2024", Division B, Appendix C, "Table C-1").

3.1.1.4. Defined Terms

  1. Words that appear in italics are defined in the Glossary. Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part:
    1. CSA Standard means the CSA-A123.21, "Standard test method for the dynamic wind uplift resistance of membrane-roofing systems" (latest edition).
    2. CSA VRA Standard means the CSA-A123.24, “Standard test method for wind resistance of vegetated roof assembly” .
    3. Registered Professional has the same meaning as that used in the "British Columbia Building Code 2024", Division C, Article 2.2.1.2., "Structural Design".
    4. Specified Wind Load means the calculated force of wind exerted on the roof of a specific building, according to the requirements in the "British Columbia Building Code 2024", Division B, Part 4, Section 4.1., "Structural Loads and Procedures".
    5. System of securement means a specific pattern of mechanical fasteners or adhesives, including specific materials or brands, size, and spacing.

3.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements

3.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.

3.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, and shall
    1. comply with the higher securement requirements when enhanced roof system securement is required by the membrane manufacturer, to meet their system warranty requirements ("enhanced securement" may exceed the securement stated or specified in a Tested Assembly, an Assembly with Proven Past Performance, or a custom-engineered design; see also Article 1.1.2.1., "RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee", for further general requirements).

3.1.2.3. RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee, the supporting roof assembly shall
    1. comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee, RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, or a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee,
    2. be acceptable to the manufacturer as support for a vegetated roof system, and
    3. comply with the related requirements in the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”.

3.1.3. All Systems

3.1.3.1. Responsibility for Design

  1. The Design Authority is responsible for determining Specified Wind Loads for each roof system and each roof area of a project, including roofs that support Vegetated Roof Systems or any other overburden, amenities, or equipment.
  2. Acceptance of a roof for a RoofStar Guarantee is predicated on the assumption that the Design Authority has performed Due Diligence with respect to Specified Wind Loads and has provided the Contractor with sufficient information to construct a roof system that complies with the Code.

3.1.3.2. Calculation of Specified Wind Loads

  1. A registered professional "skilled in the work concerned" must perform or validate the calculation of Specified Wind Loads (See the "British Columbia Building Code 2024", Division C, Part 2, Article 2.2.1.2., "Structural Design"), using
    1. the "Wind Uplift Resistance Calculator" (formerly "Wind-RCI"), or
    2. the formulae and procedures in the "British Columbia Building Code 2024", Division B, Part 4, Subsection 4.1.7.,"Wind Load" (See Note A-3.1.1.1.).
  2. Each roof area, at each level (elevation), shall be divided into three principal roof zones ( Figure 3.1.3.2.-A ), and the Design Authority shall be responsible for calculating the Specified Wind Loads for each zone (Ref. the "British Columbia Building Code 2024", Division B, Part 4, Article 4.1.7.6., "External Pressure Coefficients for Low Buildings").
  3. Roof zones are defined in this Standard as follows:
    1. Field (F) – the interior of the roof bounded by the Edge and the Corners.
    2. Edge (E) – the perimeter zone (minus the corners), measured as either 10% of the smallest building width ("least horizontal dimension"), or 40% of the building height, whichever is less. Notwithstanding the requirements in the "British Columbia Building Code", the Edge zone shall not be less than 2.0 m (7').
    3. Corner (C) – part of the perimeter but not less than 2.0 m x 2.0 m (7’ x7’) in size, the Corner area is defined by the Edge in both directions at the corners. Where the roof geometry includes an inside corner, the corner zone dimensions shall be the same as those for an outside corner, applied equidistant in each direction from the inside corner ( Figure 3.1.3.2.-A ).


    Figure 3.1.3.2.-A Principal Roof Zones
    Forming Part of Article 3.1.3.2.
    (Click to expand illustration)
    Figure 3.1.3.2.-A (Wind Zones).jpg


  4. A roof area that is divided into smaller segments by means of control joints (roof dividers, i.e., a fire wall) or expansion joints, shall be considered one roof area for the purpose of calculating the Specified Wind Loads, unless the height of a control joint or expansion joint exceeds 1 m (39"), in which case the Specified Wind Loads for each roof segment shall be calculated separately (See Figure 3.1.3.2.-B ).
  5. When a building is designed with multiple roof levels (at different elevations), and the roofs are adjacent each other (having a common wall), the Specified Wind Loads for each level, and for each roof area on that level, shall be calculated separately from loads for the adjacent level, unless the elevation difference between adjacent roof levels is less than 1.524 m (5’) (See Figure 3.1.3.2.-B ).
  6. When the shape of a single-level roof varies in width or length, the smallest width dimensions shall be used in the calculation of Specified Wind Loads (Ref. “minimum effective width” as defined in the "British Columbia Building Code", Division B, Part 4, Article 4.1.7.2., "Classification of Buildings").

    Figure 3.1.3.2.-B Roofs Adjacent to Each Other
    Forming Part of Article 3.1.3.2.
    (Click to expand illustration)
    Figure 3.1.3.2.-B (Wind Zones).jpg


  7. When a roof area intersects the corner of a wall, the Edge zone on either side of the wall corner must be treated as a roof Corner (2 x C) ( Figure 3.1.3.2.-B ).
  8. When an existing roof system is specified for partial replacement, the Design Authority must
    1. calculate the Specified Wind Loads for the roof,
    2. determine if securement of the remaining roof components (left in situ) is sufficient to resist the Specified Wind Loads,
    3. determine a suitable method of securement or have the system of securement engineered, and
    4. calculate and design securement for any overburden, amenities, or equipment.
  9. Roof systems should be designed in conjunction with the electrical systems for the building, to avoid unnecessary interference with roof system securement (See also Subsection 2.1.8., "Electrical Cables and Boxes").
  10. Mansards are a roof system and are therefore subject to the requirements in this Part.
  11. Securement of an adjoining water-shedding system shall be made in accordance with the requirements in the applicable Standard.
  12. Wind loads for a roof assembly supporting a vegetated roof system shall be determined in accordance with the requirements of the Building Code and Resistance to Specified Wind Loads | Article 3.1.3.3.] of the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”.

3.1.3.3. Resistance to Specified Wind Loads

  1. The wind uplift resistance capabilities of the selected roof system must equal or exceed the Specified Wind Loads calculated for each roof zone to which the system will be applied (see Article 3.1.3.2.).
  2. Engineered designs to resist wind uplift may refer to the "British Columbia Building Code", Div. B, Appendix C, "Table C-2", which lists various types of loads, including wind loads, for specific reference locations throughout the province.

3.1.3.4. Resistance to Other Loads

  1. In addition to its capacity to resist Specified Wind Loads, the roof system must be capable of resisting or accommodating
    1. all anticipated live and dead loads, including (without limitation) other environmental loads, such as rain and snow, expected for the building’s size and location,
    2. gravity ("drag") loads,
    3. loads from overburden (See Part 14), and
    4. thermal expansion and contraction of the roof system components.
  2. Where the roof is designed to support a vegetated roof system, consideration for other loads shall conform to the requirements in Article 2.1.4.1. of the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”.

3.1.3.5. Submittals

  1. The Guarantor must receive from the Contractor, prior to construction of the project and to document the roof system record,
    1. a Tested Assembly report supplied or endorsed by a manufacturer, including documentation of the substitution of any materials identified in that test report,
    2. a letter in support of an Assembly with Proven Past Performance , as required in Article 3.1.4.3.(2), or
    3. a custom-engineered system for securing the roof assembly.

3.1.4. Conventionally Insulated Roof Systems

(The requirements in Subsection 3.1.3., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following articles)

3.1.4.1. Securement Against Specified Wind Loads

(See Note A-3.1.4.1.)

  1. New and fully replaced conventionally insulated systems shall satisfy the requirements of the "British Columbia Building Code" and this Part, and shall be (when applicable)
    1. an Adhesive Applied Roof System ("AARS"),
    2. a Partially Attached Roof System ("PARS"), or
    3. a Mechanically Attached Roof System ("MARS"),

    which may be specified as

    1. a Tested Assembly,
    2. an Assembly with Proven Past Performance, or
    3. an assembly with custom-engineered securement.

3.1.4.2. Specifying a Tested Assembly

(See Note A-3.1.4.2.)

  1. Only roof assemblies that have been tested by qualified facilities wholly independent of roof system manufacturers, using CSA-A123.21, "Standard test method for the dynamic wind uplift resistance of membrane-roofing systems" (latest edition), will be considered valid Tested Assemblies, for the purposes of this Standard (See here for a list of qualified testing agencies).
  2. The Design Authority is strongly encouraged to specify the application of a Tested Assembly, for any design of a new or fully replaced membrane waterproofing roof system.
  3. The Design Authority must use only the test observation readings that have been adjusted for the "Safety Factor" (CSA-A123.21, prior to the 2019 edition) or the "Resistance Factor" (CSA-A123.21, 2019 and newer), which must equal or exceed the highest Specified Wind Loads for the roof (this adjusted value is called the Dynamic Uplift Resistance, or DUR. See Figure 3.1.4.2.-A ).
  4. When a Tested Assembly report indicates only one system of securement, that system shall be applied to all roof zones; alternatively, zone-specific securement requirements may be extrapolated by a Registered Professional "skilled in the work concerned", using ANSI-SPRI WD-1, "Wind Design Standard Practice for Roofing Assemblies" (see the "British Columbia Building Code", Division B, Part 5, Notes to Part 5, A-5.2.2.2.(4)).


Figure 3.1.4.2.-A Dynamic Uplift Resistance
Forming Part of Article 3.1.4.2.
(Click to expand illustration)
Figure 3.4.jpg

3.1.4.3. Specifying an Assembly with Proven Past Performance

(See the "British Columbia Building Code", Division B, Part 5, Notes to Part 5, A-5.1.4.1.(5) for an expanded explanation of the tests for "proven past performance")

  1. A new conventionally insulated roof assembly (the new roof assembly) may be designed using a model roof assembly as a reference (the roof Assembly with Proven Past Performance), but only when
    1. a Tested Assembly cannot be used,
    2. the material components identified in a Tested Assembly are not accepted by the RoofStar Guarantee Program, and the test report offers no RoofStar-accepted alternates,
    3. a Tested Assembly is not available because a material or system has not been tested, or because the Specified Wind Loads exceed the capacity of an available or suitable Tested Assembly,
    4. the model roof assembly
      1. is an existing roof assembly constructed on a real, existing building (the model building),
      2. demonstrates resistance to negative wind loads that are the same as, or greater than, the Specified Wind Loads which the new roof assembly must be designed to resist,
      3. has a history of performance equal to or longer than the expected service life of the new roof assembly, and
      4. is designed with only RoofStar-accepted materials that possess properties "identical or superior to those of the...assembly used as a reference" (Ref. the "British Columbia Building Code", Division B, Notes to Part 5, Environmental Separation),
    5. the model building
      1. is similar in dimensions, exposure, openings, and importance to the building that will support the new roof assembly, and
      2. is situated in conditions representative of the building that will support the new roof assembly (the term "representative" refers to conditions that include, without limitation, dynamic loads caused by proximity to other structures because of funneling or building harmonics).
  2. To qualify for a RoofStar Guarantee, a new roof assembly patterned after a model roof assembly and the design using a model roof assembly must be supported with a letter of assurance provided to the Guarantor by the Design Authority, or by the manufacturer of the Assembly with Proven Past Performance, signed by the Principal or a person having the authority of the Principal, stating that the new roof assembly will resist the Specified Wind Loads calculated for the new roof assembly.
  3. A new roof assembly patterned after a model roof assembly may be used for partial roof replacement.
  4. Published approvals issued by an insurer or underwriter, or roof assembly designs warranted or guaranteed by anyone other than the Guarantor, do not satisfy the requirements for a roof Assembly with Proven Past Performance.

3.1.4.4. Specifying a Custom-engineered Securement Design

  1. When, for various reasons, a system of securement cannot be designed using either a Tested Assembly or an Assembly with Proven Past Performance, the securement system must be designed by a Registered Professional "skilled in the work concerned" (See the "British Columbia Building Code", Division C, Part 2, Article 2.2.1.2., "Structural Design").

3.1.5. Uninsulated Systems

(The requirements in Subsection 3.1.3., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following articles)

3.1.5.1. Securement against Specified Wind Loads

  1. All uninsulated roof systems must be designed to resist displacement by Specified Wind Loads, using the options articulated in Article 3.1.4.1.
  2. Where air intrusion into the roof assembly could compromise its securement, every roof assembly design must provide guidance for the installation of control layers, particularly where control layers intersect roof drains, penetrations, or assemblies adjacent to the roof (i.e., walls) (Ref. Part 6, "Air and Vapour Controls").

3.1.6. Protected Roof Systems

(The requirements in Subsection 3.1.3., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following articles)

3.1.6.1. Securement of Ballasted Roof Systems

(See Note A-3.1.6.1.. Also see Subsection 9.1.6., "Protected Roof Systems")

  1. Roof systems secured with stone (gravel) ballast, pavers, or a combination of each, must be designed to resist displacement by Specified Wind Loads, regardless of any overburden the design may call for.
  2. The securement of all roof systems held in place by ballast must be designed by a registered professional "skilled in the work concerned" ("British Columbia Building Code", Division C, Section 2.2., "Administration"), and ballast rates shall conform to
    1. the minimum requirements in Table 3.1.6.1. (Ref. Article 3.3.5.1., "Ballasted Systems", and Subsection 9.3.6., "Protected Roof Systems"), or
    2. extrapolated values using ANSI-SPRI RP-4 (latest edition), "Wind Design Standard for Ballasted Single-ply Roofing Systems".
  3. Stone ballast size for all ballasted roof systems shall conform to ASTM D7655/D7655M-12, "Standard Classification for Size of Aggregate Used as Ballast for Membrane Roof Systems".
  4. To facilitate resistance to Specified Wind Loads,
    1. a filter fabric is required beneath gravel or paver ballast, and
    2. a protection layer is required beneath crushed ballast.
  5. On roofs specified to utilize stone ballast, no fewer than two parallel rows of pavers should be considered for Corner and Edge zones, to prevent or reduce wind scouring of the gravel.
  6. When pavers are selected as ballast for a roof system, the Design Authority must determine the support and placement of pavers to resist displacement by Specified Wind Loads.
  7. Vegetated roof systems designed as ballast for a protected membrane roof assembly shall be designed in accordance with the requirements in Part 3 of the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”.


Table 3.1.6.1.
Minimum Requirements for Stone Ballast
Forming Part of Article 3.1.6.1.
(Note: these requirements apply only where no other guidance for stone ballast
has been provied by the Design Authority)
XPS Insulation
Thickness		 Stone Ballast Required Weight Minimum Ballast Depth
(approximate)†
Up to 50.8 mm (2") 60 Kg/M2 (12 lb./sf) 44.45 mm (1-3/4")
76.2 mm (3") 80 Kg/M2 (17 lb./sf) 57.15 mm (2-1/4")
101.6 mm (4") 108 Kg/M2 (22 lb./sf) 76.2 mm (3")
125 mm (5") 132 Kg/M2 (27 lb./sf) 88.9 mm (3-1/2")
152.4 mm (6") 156 Kg/M2 (32 lb./sf) 107.95 mm (4-1/4")
177.8 mm (7") 180 Kg/M2 (37 lb./sf) 125 mm (5")
203.2 mm (8") 204 Kg/M2 (42 lb./sf) 139.7 mm (5-1/2")
† These minimum requirements should be noted by the registered professional
designing the ballast system.

3.1.6.2. Securement of Modified Protected Roof Systems

  1. Modified protected roof systems shall be secured according to the requirements for conventionally insulated roofs supporting overburden.

3.1.7. Roof Replacement and Alterations

3.1.7.1. Complete Roof System Replacement

  1. Complete roof system replacement projects must be designed to secure the new roof system against displacement by Specified Wind Loads.

3.1.7.2. Partial Roof System Replacement

  1. Partial roof replacements must be designed to secure the roof system against displacement by Specified Wind Loads, in keeping with the requirements in Article 3.1.3.2. (See also Article 3.3.6.2.).
  2. When specifying securement for a partial roof replacement, the securement system must be designed and specified by the Design Authority (See also Subsection 1.1.4., "Replacement and Alterations"); nevertheless, mechanical fastening, when practicable, is the recommended method for securing new materials to an existing roof system (See Note A-3.1.7.2.).

Section 3.2. Materials

3.2.1. Material Properties

3.2.1.1. Substituting Materials Used in a Tested Assembly

(See Note A-3.2.1.1.)

  1. When a manufacturer's Tested Assembly incorporates materials (and listed alternates) that are not part of the RoofStar Guarantee Program, the Design Authority must identify appropriate substitutions for those materials from the list of RoofStar-accepted Materials, and obtain
    1. written approval from the technical manager of the manufacturer stating that the substituting material will not reduce the capabilities of the Tested Assembly, or
    2. a letter of support issued by a registered professional qualified to perform the work in Part 4 of the Building Code (Ref. the "British Columbia Building Code", Division C, Part 2, Article 2.2.1.2., "Structural Design").
  2. Any material substitution should
    1. be limited to one (1) material component from the Tested Assembly, but the substitution of more than one material component is permissible provided the substitution complies with the other requirements in this Article, and
    2. be made in keeping with the decision process flows for MARS, PARS and AARS assemblies published in CSA-A123.21, "Standard test method for the dynamic wind uplift resistance of membrane-roofing systems" (latest edition), "Annex F".
  3. Because of its nature, a new roof assembly patterned after an Assembly with Proven Past Performance does not qualify for material substitution.

3.2.2. Securement Materials

3.2.2.1. Fasteners

  1. The minimum requirements in this Article apply to any roof system, regardless of requirements published elsewhere.
  2. The Design Authority should specify the correct type of fastener, keeping in mind
    1. pull-out strength, and
    2. corrosion resistance (contributing factors to fastener corrosion may include dissimilar metal contact, excessive building humidity, corrosive chemicals within components of the roof system, or corrosive elements provided within the building envelope etc.).
  3. Fasteners must be capable of securing the roof system components to resist Specified Wind Loads.
  4. Unless otherwise permitted in writing by the manufacturer, fasteners shall be resin-coated, self-drilling screws manufactured with recessed heads, and must be used in combination with plates, as shown in Table 3.2.2.1.


Table 3.2.2.1.
Minimum Fastener and Plate Requirements
Forming Part of Article 3.2.2.1.
(Note: these requirements apply only where no other guidance for fastener and plate types and sizes has been provided by the Design Authority)
Material Fastener
Size		 Plate
Deck overlays #12 73.03 mm (2-7/8”) Hexagonal, 76.2 mm (3”) Round or Square
Insulation #12 73.03 mm (2-7/8”) Hexagonal, 76.2 mm (3”) Round or Square
Insulation Overlays #12 73.03 mm (2-7/8”) Hexagonal, 76.2 mm (3”) Round or Square
Membranes #14 Proprietary

3.2.2.2. Adhesives

  1. Adhesives used to secure any roof system materials must be acceptable to the manufacturer and be capable of resisting Specified Wind Loads.
  2. Adhesives listed in a selected Tested Assembly
    1. must be used to secure applicable layers within the roof system, and
    2. may be substituted only with products listed in the Tested Assembly report.
  3. In the absence of a Tested Assembly, or for adhered and partially adhered roof assemblies with Proven Past Performance, adhesives used to secure new roofing materials must be acceptable to the manufacturer and must be demonstrably capable of resisting Specified Wind Loads.
  4. Bitumen used as a hot-applied adhesive must be Type 3 or SEBS.

3.2.2.3. Stone (Gravel) Ballast

(See also Table 3.1.6.1. in Article 3.1.6.1.)

  1. Stone (gravel) ballast used to secure a roof system must be washed (clean) round or crushed stone and must conform to ASTM D7655/D7655M-12, "Standard Classification for Size of Aggregate Used as Ballast for Membrane Roof Systems", or to Table 3.3.
  2. The minimum requirements in this Article must not be reduced except by a written Variance that shall be endorsed in writing by the owner or the owner's representative, and submitted to the RoofStar Guarantee Program as part of the Guarantee record.


Table 3.2.2.3.
Stone Ballast Size and Grades
Forming Part of Article 3.2.2.3.
Nominal size Percentage Passing
38.1 mm (1-1/2") 100%
25.4 mm (1") 70 - 100%
19.05 mm (3/4") 5 - 20 %
12.7 mm (1/2") 0 - 6 %
4.76 mm (3/16") 0 - 2 %

3.2.2.4. Pavers and Pedestals

  1. Pavers that are partially supported (i.e., with pedestals) should be capable of resisting anticipated loads (i.e., hydraulically pressed concrete pavers).
  2. Pedestals
    1. should be adjustable when a level surface is required,
    2. must be purpose-made, and
    3. must include an integral spacer rib measuring at least a 3.18 mm (1/8”) in width, to uniformly separate pavers.

Section 3.3. Application

3.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements

3.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.

3.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee

  1. All projects intended to qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee shall comply with the requirements in this Standard for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, and shall
    1. conform to the specified design when enhanced roof system securement is required (See Article 3.1.2.1.).

3.3.2. All Systems

3.3.2.1. Securing Systems with Mechanical Fasteners

  1. Unless otherwise specified by a Tested Assembly, a roof assembly with Proven Past Performance, or a custom-engineered assembly,
    1. fastener patterns shall conform to Tables 3.5. through 3.10.,
    2. the minimum number of fasteners must conform to the requirements in Table 3.4., and
    3. fasteners shall be installed at least 152.4 mm (6”) from panel corners, measured from each edge of the panel, but the precise placement of fasteners shall be confirmed with the manufacturer.
  2. Fasteners used to secure boards from curling, or to secure boards at slope transitions, shall be additional to the minimum number of fasteners and plates required by a Tested Assembly, a roof assembly with Proven Past Performance, a custom-engineered assembly, or the patterns shown in Tables 3.4. through 3.10.
  3. When mechanically attached membranes are installed together with new insulation, the insulation assembly (with or without an insulation overlay) must be held in place independently from the membrane, with no fewer than four (4) fasteners per panel.
  4. Regardless of where fasteners are used in the roof system, when they penetrate and secure another material to a substrate, mechanical fasteners must conform to the requirements illustrated in Figure 3.4. and shall (unless exceeded by the fastener manufacturer’s published requirements)
    1. penetrate through the bottom surface of
      1. steel decks at least 19.05 mm (3/4") (fasteners should penetrate the top flutes only), and
      2. plywood sheathing by at least 19.05 mm (3/4").
    2. penetrate into solid dimensional lumber or concrete by at least 25.4 mm (1").
  5. Unless otherwise provided for in a Tested Assembly report, in the documentation for an Assembly with Proven Past Performance, or by a Registered Professional in a custom-engineered securement system, mechanical fastening of panel materials shall conform to the minimum RGC Guarantee historical requirements in Table 3.3.2.1.-A through Table 3.3.2.1.-G .


Figure 3.3.2.1.-A Fastener Penetration Into or Through Deck
Forming Part of Sentence 3.3.2.1.(4).
(Click to expand illustration)
Figure 3.5.jpg
Table 3.3.2.1.-A.
Minimum Requirements for Mechanical Fastening
Forming Part of Article 3.3.2.1.
(Note: Fasteners may be located within 50.8 mm (2") (in any direction) of the positions shown in the diagrams,
but this must be validated by the manufacturer.)
Material Dimensions Roof Zone (Field, Perimeter, Corner)
F P C
1219.2 mm x 2438.4 mm (48" x 96")
Deck Overlay supporting mechanically attached materials 4 4 4
Insulation or Insulation Overlay supporting mechanically attached materials 4 4 4
Insulation 8 12 15
Insulation Overlays 8 12 15
1219.2 mm x 1828.8 mm (48" x 72")
Insulation 6 8 12
1219.2 mm x 1219.2 mm (48" x 48")
Insulation 5 6 8
914.4 mm x 1219.2 mm (36" x 48")
Insulation 4 6 7
609.6 mm x 2438.4 mm (24" x 96")
Insulation 5 6 8
609.6 mm x 1219.2 mm (24" x 48")
Insulation 4 4 5

3.3.2.2. Securing Systems with Adhesives

  1. Adhesives may be used to secure new roofing materials to an existing roof system, provided the specific application procedures and methods are engineered by or for the Design Authority.
  2. Notwithstanding Sentence (1), the use of adhesive to secure insulation shall conform to Article 7.3.3.1.

3.3.2.3. Securing Roofs with Overburden

  1. Any overburden, including vegetated roof systems, must be installed in keeping with the designed securement methods and systems specified by the Design Authority, and shall also conform to the the requirements in Part 14 .


NOTE: Table 3.3.2.1.-B through Table 3.3.2.1.-G illustrate fastener patterns and placement based on historical Guarantee requirements, to provide optimum wind uplift resistance. These patterns are to be used only when patterns are not provided in a Tested Assembly, a roof assembly with Proven Past Performance, or in a custom-engineered assembly. Fasteners may be located within 50.8 mm (2") of position shown in diagrams in any direction, but this must be validated by the manufacturer.
Table 3.3.2.1.-B.
Minimum Mechanical Fastening Patterns for
Panels 1219.2 mm x 2438 mm (48" x 96")
Forming Part of Article 3.3.2.1.
(Click on drawing to expand)
1219.2 mm x 2438.4 mm (48" x 96")
Field Perimeter Corner
Table 3.4 - 4x8 (4 fasteners).jpg 4 Fasteners Table 3.4 - 4x8 (4 fasteners).jpg 4 Fasteners Table 3.4 - 4x8 (4 fasteners).jpg 4 Fasteners
Field Perimeter Corner
Table 3.4 - 4x8 (8 fasteners).jpg 8 Fasteners Table 3.4 - 4x8 (12 fasteners).jpg 12 Fasteners Table 3.4 - 4x8 (15 fasteners).jpg 15 Fasteners
Table 3.3.2.1.-C.
Minimum Mechanical Fastening Patterns for
Panels 1219.2 mm x 1828.8 mm (48" x 72")
Forming Part of Article 3.3.2.1.
(Click on drawing to expand)
1219.2 mm x 1828.8 mm (48" x 72")
Field Perimeter Corner
Table 3.5 - 4x6 (6 fasteners).jpg 6 Fasteners Table 3.5 - 4x6 (8 fasteners).jpg 8 Fasteners Table 3.5 - 4x6 (12 fasteners).jpg 12 Fasteners
Table 3.3.2.1.-D.
Minimum Mechanical Fastening Patterns for
Panels 1219.2 mm x 1219.2 mm (48" x 48")
Forming Part of Article 3.3.2.1.
(Click on drawing to expand)
1219.2 mm x 1219.2 mm (48" x 48")
Field Perimeter Corner
Table 3.4 - 4x4 (5 fasteners).jpg 5 Fasteners Table 3.4 - 4x4 (6 fasteners).jpg 6 Fasteners Table 3.4 - 4x4 (8 fasteners).jpg 8 Fasteners
Table 3.3.2.1.-E.
Minimum Mechanical Fastening Patterns for
Panels 914.4 mm x 1219.2 mm (36" x 48")
Forming Part of Article 3.3.2.1.
(Click on drawing to expand)
914.4 mm x 1219.2 mm (36" x 48")
Field Perimeter Corner
Table 3.5 - 3x4 (4 fasteners).jpg 4 Fasteners Table 3.5 - 3x4 (6 fasteners).jpg 6 Fasteners Table 3.5 - 3x4 (7 fasteners).jpg 7 Fasteners
Table 3.3.2.1.-F.
Minimum Mechanical Fastening Patterns for
Panels 609.6 mm x 2438.4 mm (24" x 96")
Forming Part of Article 3.3.2.1.
(Click on drawing to expand)
609.6 mm x 2438.4 mm (24" x 96")
Field Perimeter Corner
Table 3.5 - 2x8 (5 fasteners).jpg 5 Fasteners Table 3.5 - 2x8 (6 fasteners).jpg 6 Fasteners Table 3.5 - 2x8 (8 fasteners).jpg 8 Fasteners
Table 3.3.2.1.-G.
Minimum Mechanical Fastening Patterns for
Panels 609.6 mm x 1219.2 mm (24" x 48")
Forming Part of Article 3.3.2.1.
(Click on drawing to expand)
609.6 mm x 1219.2 mm (24" x 48")
Field Perimeter Corner
Table 3.5 - 2x4 (4 fasteners).jpg 4 Fasteners Table 3.5 - 2x4 (4 fasteners).jpg 4 Fasteners Table 3.5 - 2x4 (5 fasteners).jpg 5 Fasteners

3.3.3. Conventionally Insulated Roof Systems

(The requirements in Subsection 3.3.2., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following articles)

3.3.3.1. General Requirements

  1. New and fully replaced conventionally insulated systems must be secured to conform to the Building Code, and shall be capable of resisting displacement by Specified Wind Loads using
    1. a Tested Assembly,
    2. an Assembly with Proven Past Performance, or
    3. an assembly with custom-engineered securement.

3.3.4. Uninsulated Systems

(The requirements in Subsection 3.3.2., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following articles)

3.3.4.1. General Requirements

  1. All uninsulated roof systems that are not secured with ballast shall conform to the requirements in Article 3.1.4.1. for conventionally insulated systems.
  2. Uninsulated roof systems secured with stone ballast, pavers or both must be installed following the requirements in Article 3.3.5.1.

3.3.5. Protected Roof Systems

(The requirements in Subsection 3.3.2., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following articles)

3.3.5.1. Ballasted Systems

(Note: the reader must consult the Design and Application requirements for protected roof systems in Part 9).

  1. Roof systems secured with stone ballast, pavers, or both must be constructed to resist displacement by Specified Wind Loads.
  2. To facilitate resistance to Specified Wind Loads,
    1. a filter fabric is required beneath stone or paver ballast,
    2. a protection layer is required beneath crushed ballast, and
    3. stone ballast must conform to the specified design.
  3. Stone ballast shall
    1. be washed (clean) round or crushed material , and
    2. be selected (according to the specified design) to resist flotation and Specified Wind Loads.
  4. Pavers and unit-type masonry, such as brick or paving stones , must be supported by
    1. purpose-made pedestals conforming to the requirements in Article 3.2.2.4.,
    2. a proprietary drainage layer overlaid with a filter fabric mat, or
    3. a drainage layer of loose aggregate (such as pea gravel) measuring at least 25.4 mm (1”) in depth, installed over a filter fabric.
  5. Pedestals
    1. must permit at least 12.7 mm (1/2″) of vertical separation between the paver and the underlying substrate, to provide airflow for drying surfaces and assist in leveling,
    2. should not impede the flow of water or air, and
    3. should uniformly distribute the dead load of pavers, and other unit masonry products, as well as predicted live loads.
  6. Pavers must be tied together when specified by the design.
  7. When a vegetated roof system is used as ballast, the installation shall conform to Part 10 of the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs” (See also Part 3 in the same Standard, concerning design requirements).

3.3.6. Roof Replacement and Alterations

3.3.6.1. Complete Roof System Replacement

  1. Roof systems that are removed and replaced in their entirety (excluding the air or vapour controls, which may be left in place at the discretion of the Design Authority) must be secured following the requirements for new roof systems.

3.3.6.2. Partial Roof Replacement

  1. When only a portion of an existing roof system is specified for replacement, the new materials must be secured to resist Specified Wind Loads (See also Subsection 1.1.4., "Replacement and Alterations").
  2. Mechanical fastening is the most reliable method for securing new materials installed over an existing roof assembly, but when mechanical fastening is not practicable, the system of securement must be
    1. custom-engineered, or
    2. patterned after a roof assembly with Proven Past Performance, in keeping with the requirements in Article 3.1.4.3.

Part 4 - Materials

Section 4.1. Design

4.1.1. General

4.1.1.1. Scope

  1. The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in Division A, Part 1.

4.1.1.2. Defined Terms

  1. Words that appear in italics are defined in the Glossary. Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part:
    1. Primary Material means a material used in a roof or grade-level waterproofing system that protects a building interior from water. Primary materials are often exposed to the weather (protected membranes are an exception), and therefore also protect secondary materials from damage. Membranes, metal panels, asphalt shingles, and cedar shakes and shingles, form the core body of materials classified as primary.
    2. Secondary Material means one which forms part of a waterproofing system or water-shedding system, and which may affect the wind resistance characteristics of the entire assembly but is not necessarily exposed to the weather.

Section 4.2. Materials

4.2.1. Material Properties

4.2.1.1. Use of Accepted Materials

(For limitations and exclusions pertaining to materials, see Division A, Article 3.2.1.2.)

  1. All materials installed by the Contractor, for new construction or alterations, must be
    1. newly manufactured (except for reusable insulation; see Article 7.1.3.2.), and may not be recycled without the expressed, written consent of the Guarantor,
    2. accepted by the RoofStar Guarantee Program, and
    3. manufactured by, or listed as acceptable to, the manufacturer of the primary material.
  2. All uninstalled materials must be
    1. protected from weather with wrappers approved or recommended by the manufacturer,
    2. properly stacked, and
    3. secured above ground or on the roof surface.
  3. All installed roofing materials that are susceptible to moisture damage must be made watertight by the end of each workday.
  4. Metals and fasteners must be compatible with each other, to avoid galvanic corrosion which can occur when dissimilar metals contact each other.

Section 4.3. Application

4.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements

4.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.

4.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee.

4.3.2. All Systems

4.3.2.1. Application of New Materials

  1. All new materials installed as part of the roof system shall conform to the manufacturer's published requirements, unless superseded by this Standard.

Part 5 - Deck and Wall Overlays

(See Note A-5)

Section 5.1. Design

5.1.1. General

5.1.1.1. Scope

  1. The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in Division A, Part 1.

5.1.1.2. Defined Terms

  1. Words that appear in italics are defined in the Glossary.

5.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements

5.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.

5.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee.

5.1.3. All Systems

5.1.3.1. Required Use of Overlays

(See Note A-5.1.3.1.; see also Part 9 and Part 10 for substrate preparation requirements)

  1. A deck or wall overlay must be specified when
    1. a thermal layer is required by the Building Code,
    2. it is required as part of a Tested Assembly, or
    3. the conditions of the deck or wall are unsuitable for receiving roofing materials.
  2. When a roof design includes any type of overburden, the deck overlay on steel decks, or on wood decks less than 25.4 mm (1”) thick, should be at least 15.88 mm (5/8”) thick, to stiffen the supporting surface and reduce deck deflection.

Section 5.2. Materials

(See Division C, "Accepted Materials")

5.2.1. Material Properties

5.2.1.1. Suitability of Overlays

  1. Deck and wall overlays must be
    1. listed in Division C,
    2. acceptable to the manufacturer,
    3. suitable for the type of deck, and
    4. suitable for, and compatible with, any membrane or panel application.
  2. When plywood is used as a deck overlay, only tongue-and-groove plywood is acceptable and must be
    1. at least 12.7 mm (1/2”) thick when installed over a mass timber deck, or
    2. at least 15.88 mm (5/8”) thick, when the roof supports overburden.

5.2.1.2. Thermal Barrier

  1. When the Code having jurisdiction requires a thermal barrier, any material selected from Division C must be suitable for the purpose.

5.2.1.3. Overlays for Walls

  1. In addition to overlays listed in Division C, walls may be overlaid with
    1. plywood, provided the plywood is least 12.7 mm (1/2”) thick and is pressure-treated when applied over concrete or concrete masonry units (CMU), or
    2. fibre-mat reinforced cement boards with a minimum thickness of 9.53 mm (3/8"), conforming to ASTM C1325 (latest edition), "Standard Specification for Fiber-Mat Reinforced Cementitious Backer Units".

5.2.1.4. Fasteners

  1. Refer to Article 3.2.2.1.

Section 5.3. Application

(This Section shall be read in conjunction with the requirements for substrate preparation in Part 9 and Part 10)

5.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements

5.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.

5.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee.

5.3.2. All Systems

5.3.2.1. Support, Arrangement, and Securement of Deck Overlays

  1. Deck overlays must be
    1. fully or intermittently supported along all edges by the deck, and
    2. installed in a staggered pattern (offset) 304.8 mm (12") from adjacent board rows (a minus offset tolerance of 50.8 mm (2") maximum will be permitted to compensate for variance in the manufacturer's tolerance of differing board widths and lengths).
  2. Deck overlays shall be affixed to the deck with
    1. mechanical fasteners conforming to the requirements in Article 3.2.2.1.,
    2. polyurethane foam adhesives acceptable to the manufacturer and conforming to the requirements in Article 3.2.2.2., or
    3. a combination of mechanical fasteners and polyurethane foam adhesives.
  3. When mechanical fasteners are used to secure deck overlays, the minimum number of fasteners (in combination with plates) shall be
    1. four (4), for every 1219.2 mm x 2438.4 mm (48" x 96") sheet, or
    2. as specified by a Tested Assembly, when part of a "PARS" or "MARS" conventionally insulated system.

5.3.2.2. Overlays on Steel Decks

  1. RoofStar-accepted deck overlay boards used as a thermal barrier to achieve a specific fire rating must conform to the applicable code and insurance requirements for the roof system.
  2. When the roof system is uninsulated, the deck must be overlaid with at least one 12.7 mm (1/2”) thick layer of
    1. moisture resistant gypsum core deck overlay board,
    2. a membrane-laminated overlay panel accepted by the Guarantor for this application, or
    3. plywood.

5.3.2.3. Overlays on Concrete Decks

  1. A deck overlay board is not mandatory on a concrete supporting deck, but when it is specified, it must be installed to conform to the requirements in this Part.

5.3.2.4. Overlays on Wood Decks

  1. A mechanically fastened overlay board is required for any deck structure that does not meet the deck fastening criteria set out in Article 2.1.5.3.

5.3.2.5. Support, Arrangement, and Securement of Wall Overlays

  1. Wall overlay panels must be
    1. mechanically fastened with screw fasteners spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12”) O.C., both vertically and horizontally; fasteners must align with structural supports, and shall be placed
      1. at the perimeters,
      2. at the corners, and
      3. in the field, or
    2. adhered with a polyurethane adhesive, applied with a continuous z-patterned ribbon spaced no less than 304.8 mm (12”) apart.


Part 6 - Air and Vapour Controls

(See Note A-6)

Section 6.1. Design

6.1.1 General

6.1.1.1. Scope

(See Note A-6.1.1.1.)

  1. The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in Division A, Part 1.

6.1.1.2. Defined Terms

  1. Words that appear in italics are defined in the Glossary. Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part:
    1. Air barrier means a material that is manufactured and tested to prohibit the passage of air through that material.
    2. Continuity means a sealed, resistive, continuous connection
      1. between control layers that have the same function, and
      2. between a control layer and another material or object it joins to (i.e., a roof drain or penetration).
    3. Control layer means a material used in a roof assembly or wall assembly, that is manufactured and tested to resist or control the movement of air, vapour, or liquid water into or through that assembly.
    4. Vapour retarder means a material that is manufactured and tested to prohibit or regulate the passage of water vapour through that material.
    5. Water resistive barrier (WRB) means a material that is manufactured and tested to resist the transmission of liquid water through the material, and is usually used in wall assemblies.

6.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements

6.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.

6.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee.

6.1.3. All Systems

6.1.3.1. Responsibility for Design

  1. The Design Authority is responsible to specify
    1. air and vapour control materials,
    2. the placement of continuous air and vapour control layers in relation to a roof system and its components, and
    3. the selection of suitable materials for that application (See Note A-6.1.3.1.).
  2. The Design Authority is urged to review and consider the performance characteristics of materials available for such applications.
  3. Coverage under the RoofStar Guarantee shall be as described in Division A, Article 3.2.1.2..
  4. Notwithstanding coverage provisions in Division A, neither the RoofStar Guarantee Program nor the Contractor will accept any responsibility for damage to, or failure of, the roof system caused by the use or absence of air or vapour control layers.

6.1.3.2. Continuity of Control Layers

  1. The Design Authority, and trades constructing walls and roofs, are jointly responsible for making proper connections (continuity) between air and vapour control systems, including the transitions between wall systems and roof systems.
  2. Where air, vapour, or water control layers intersect a roof drain, overflow drain, scupper drain, or penetration, the intersection must be designed for continuity, and drawings must detail the execution of continuity for the Contractor.
  3. Overflow drains and scupper drains that penetrate wall assemblies must be designed and drawn to prevent air intrusion from the outside environment (Ref. Article 3.1.5.1.).

6.1.3.3. Use of Air Control Materials

  1. The Design Authority is responsible for the selection of air control materials (some air control layers are considered vapour permeable, others vapour-impermeable); roof systems intended to qualify for a RoofStar Guarantee should be designed according to the regulatory design and installation requirements for effective, continuous air control systems.
  2. All materials selected by the Design Authority should conform to the material and performance characteristics required in the "British Columbia Building Code", Division B, Article 5.4.1.2., "Air Barrier System Properties".

6.1.3.4. Use of Vapour Control Materials

  1. Because continuous vapour control layers may be needed to limit “water vapour transmission and condensation, burn protection, and severe climatic conditions” (National Energy Code of Canada for Buildings 2020, Article 5.2.5.3.(1), "Other Considerations"; see also the "British Columbia Building Code", Division B, Article 5.5.1.1., "Required Resistance to Vapour Diffusion"), they are considered discretionary and must be specified by the Design Authority.
  2. Where continuous vapour control layers are required and specified by Code, the RoofStar Guarantee Program requires that a suitable vapour control system be selected by the Design Authority and properly installed by the Contractor in conformity with the vapour control layer manufacturer’s published instructions, and with the Design Authority’s specified details.

6.1.3.5. High-humidity Building Interiors

  1. Careful consideration should be given to the performance characteristics of air and vapour control layers when specifying such a membrane for roof systems constructed over high-humidity building interiors, which may be susceptible to the accumulation of moisture within the roof system unless effective air and vapour controls are installed; these building interiors include (but are not limited to)
    1. swimming pools,
    2. commercial laundry facilities,
    3. large aquariums, and
    4. paper mills.

6.1.3.6. Reserved

Section 6.2. Materials

6.2.1. Material Properties

6.2.1.1. Compatibility with Other Materials

  1. The material selected for air and vapour control layers must be compatible with any other materials in the roof or wall assembly to which the control layer may come in contact, including (without limitation) contact with primers and adhesives, substrates, solvents, and cleaners.

6.2.1.2. Permitted Materials for RoofStar Guarantee

(See Note A-6.2.1.2.)

  1. While responsibility for the selection of suitable air and vapour control layers rests with the Design Authority, a roof designed and built to qualify for a RoofStar Guarantee shall not include
    1. polyethylene sheet plastic, or
    2. bitumen-impregnated kraft paper.

6.2.1.3. Puncture Resistance and Thickness

  1. Air and vapour controls should be installed over a continuous smooth plane, regardless of a material's ability to span voids or spaces in the deck.
  2. Fully supported air and vapour control layers should possess a minimum published static puncture resistance rating of 150 N (34 lbf) (Ref. CGSB-37.56-M for both test method and standard limits) and be either self-adhering or torch-applied; a high puncture resistance is necessary for the membrane to withstand accidental damage during construction.
  3. Where no deck overlay board is installed and the air and vapour control layers are partially unsupported (for example, on a steel deck), the control layers must possess a published static puncture resistance of at least 400 N (90 lbf).
  4. Should the air or vapour control layers be used as a temporary roof during project construction by either the Contractor or by other trades, a minimum 2 mm thick bituminous membrane is recommended.

6.2.1.4. Self-adhered and Torch-applied Materials

  1. Self-adhering or adhesive-applied materials should be considered as alternatives to torch-applied membranes when the substrate to which they will be applied is combustible, or when nearby structures, openings or materials present a fire hazard.
  2. A suitable separation or overlay material may be used as protection from open flame is acceptable; the application of materials to a combustible surface, using a torch, is strictly prohibited.

6.2.1.5. Vapour Controls for Concrete Decks

  1. Because curing concrete releases considerable moisture that can compromise the performance of a roof system, a vapour control layer installed on new concrete decks (28 days or older) must be selected to prevent condensation inside the roof system.
  2. A membrane with a permeability of 0.01 perms (Class I) is recommended for applications on concrete substrates, but the selection of vapour control materials is nevertheless the responsibility of the Design Authority.

Section 6.3. Application

6.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements

6.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.

6.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee.

6.3.2. All Systems

6.3.2.1. Continuity and Support

  1. The Contractor must
    1. ensure that air and vapour control layers in the roof system field, and at perimeters, are installed to provide at least 101.6 mm (4”) of overlap, for continuity of matching layers in adjacent assemblies,
    2. ensure that air and vapour control layers are sealed to penetrations and drains that pass through or enter the roof assembly, and
    3. seal all control layers to matching layers in adjacent assemblies (i.e., walls), when a roof is replaced.
  2. Installation of all air and vapour control materials must be smooth and uniform, without wrinkles or fish-mouths, and must also conform to the manufacturer’s published requirements and the Design Authority’s design details.
  3. All air and vapour control membrane side and end laps must be fully supported, in the field and at transitions with curbs, parapets, walls, and penetrations.
  4. When self-adhered membranes are applied directly to a steel supporting deck,
    1. membranes should be oriented parallel to the direction of deck flutes, and
    2. membrane laps and changes in plane must be supported by deck flutes, or by flat metal supports secured to the deck to span gaps.
  5. When metal supports are used to span gaps between steel deck flutes, they must be
    1. fabricated from pre-finished steel with a thickness no less than 24-gauge, and
    2. secured to the deck with no fewer than two (2) compatible screw fasteners per flute (See Figure 6.3.2.-A and Figure 6.3.2.-B).
  6. Roof drains, overflow drains, scupper drains, and penetrations must be detailed where they intersect an air, vapour, or water control layer, to provide continuity.

6.3.2.2. Torch-applied Materials

  1. The application of materials to an unprotected combustible material, using a torch, is strictly prohibited.
  2. All combustible materials MUST be protected from open flame by an acceptable separation or overlay material; this includes, without limitation, combustible materials
    1. on decks, walls, blocking, and canted edges, and
    2. that are hidden or obscured within voids, cracks, or orifices.
  3. When a torch-applied membrane is specified over combustible materials, all joints between overlay panels, and at roof-wall transitions, must be sealed with the primary membrane manufacturer’s approved self-adhered membrane or tapes.
  4. Where torch-applied membranes are not permitted or desirable, the installation of bituminous air and vapour control layers should align with the approaches described and required in Subsection 10.3.8., "Alternative Approaches to Sheet Membrane Flashing".

6.3.2.3. Securement on Slopes

  1. Self-adhered membranes applied to slopes greater than 1:6 (2” in 12”) should be additionally secured with mechanical fasteners in locations where slippage may occur, to counter-act material displacement resulting from temperatures that exceed the membrane’s service temperature.


Figure 6.3.2.1.-A Air, Vapour Controls Over Steel Deck
With Metal Support
Forming Part of Sentence 6.3.2.1.(5)
(Click to expand illustration) 		Figure 6.3.2.1.-B Air, Vapour Controls Over Steel Deck
With Deck Overlay Panel
Forming Part of Sentence 6.3.2.1.(5)
(Click to expand illustration)
Figure 6.3.1-1.jpg Figure 6.3.1-2.jpg

6.3.2.4. Reserved

Part 7 - Insulation

Section 7.1. Design

7.1.1. General

7.1.1.1. Scope

  1. The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in Division A, Part 1.

7.1.1.2. Defined Terms

  1. Words that appear in italics are defined in the Glossary. Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part:
    1. Heat-resistant insulation means insulation that resists heat and will not physically or chemically change when exposed to heat greater than 70°C (158°F), including heat from liquefied bitumen. Insulation boards of this type include fibreboard, polyisocyanurate, and mineral fibre ("wool"). Note that "heat-resistant" does not mean or even infer 'fire-proof'. While some heat-resistant insulation materials will resist burning for a time, only mineral fibre insulation will not burn.
    2. Heat-sensitive insulation means insulation that may be physically or chemically altered when exposed to heat greater than 70°C (158°F) — for example, heat from a torch or from liquefied bitumen. Heat-sensitive insulation includes EPS, XPS and polyurethane.

7.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements

7.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.

7.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, and shall
    1. incorporate crickets at curbs and sleepers that impede drainage or are wider or longer than 1219.2 mm (48”), to provide positive slope to drains.

7.1.2.3. RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee, the supporting roof assembly shall
    1. comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee, RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, or a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee,
    2. be acceptable to the manufacturer as support for a vegetated roof system, and
    3. comply with the related requirements in the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”.

7.1.3. All Systems

7.1.3.1. Responsibility for Design

(See Note A-7.1.3.1.)

  1. The Design Authority is responsible to ensure the design conforms to the Building Code and any other applicable requirements, with respect to
    1. the use of a thermal barrier between the roof deck and the insulation system, and
    2. the minimum required thermal resistance of the insulation system.

7.1.3.2. General Requirements

  1. Selected board insulation products may be used within the membrane roof systems, provided the panels are listed in Division C, and conform to the material specifications in Section 7.2.

7.1.3.3. Use of Existing Insulation

  1. Existing insulation on a roof may be reused (it will be excluded from coverage under the Guarantee, which applies only to new materials), provided
    1. the Design Authority has specified its reuse, and
    2. the condition of the insulation is acceptable to the Design Authority as suitable to satisfy the requirements of the Building Code.

7.1.3.4. Effective Thermal Resistance and Layering

(See Note A-7.1.3.4.)

  1. All insulated roofs with a cumulative thermal resistance greater than RSI-2.64 (R-15) (based on published LTTR values measured at 24°C) must be installed in multiple layers that are offset and staggered (See Section 7.3., "Application").
  2. In a multi-layered assembly, any single layer of insulation may have a thermal resistance greater than RSI-2.64 (R-15) provided no one layer exceeds 60% of the cumulative thermal resistance of the combined assembly of insulation, measured together with the thermal resistance of insulation overlay boards (See Figure 7.1.3.4.-A).
  3. At intersections with insulated curbs and walls, insulation joints at the roof-wall interface must be offset and staggered to minimize or eliminate thermal bridging (See Figure 7.3.2.2.-A) .


Figure 7.1.3.4.-A Effective Thermal Resistance and Layering
Forming Part of Sentence 7.1.3.4.(2)
(Click to expand illustration)
7.1 Insulation Layering.jpg

7.1.4. Conventionally Insulated Systems

(The requirements in Subsection 7.1.3., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following articles)

7.1.4.1. Reuse of Insulation for Membrane Replacement

  1. When a roof is specified for membrane replacement only, the existing insulation may be left in place (Subject to the requirements in Article 1.1.4.3.), but will be excluded from coverage under the Guarantee.

7.1.4.2. Protection of Heat-sensitive Insulation

  1. When heat-sensitive insulation is used in the primary thermal assembly, it must be covered with a heat-resistant insulation at least 50.8 mm (2”) thick (See Note A-7.1.4.2.).

7.1.4.3. Tapered Insulation and Crickets

  1. Tapered insulation that is heat-sensitive and manufactured to cover the entire roof area (commonly referred to as a full slope or taper package) must be installed beneath at least one layer of flat board heat-resistant insulation with a minimum thickness of 50.8 mm (2”).
  2. Tapered insulation
    1. may be located anywhere within the roof system,
    2. may be used in calculating the overall thermal performance of the insulation assembly but this is at the discretion of the Design Authority (See Note A-7.1.3.4.), and
    3. must be installed in multiple soldiered layers when the overall thickness of the tapered insulation assembly is greater than 152.4 mm (6”).
  3. Crickets that provide no thermal resistance value to the roof system and are used only to promote drainage over limited areas of the roof
    1. should be manufactured of heat-resistant insulation, but when crickets are manufactured from heat-sensitive insulation they should be covered with a layer of heat-resistant insulation at least 50.8 mm (2") thick, and
    2. may be installed directly over a roof deck, although this is not recommended (See Section 8.1., "Design", for overlay requirements).

7.1.4.4. Insulating Drain Sumps

  1. To minimize condensation around drains, drain sumps should be adequately insulated for the regional location of the building, regardless of how the average thermal resistance for the roof system is calculated (See Article 11.1.3.1., "Principles of Design").

7.1.4.5. Use of Mineral Fibre Insulation

  1. Bitumen-coated mineral fibre insulation
    1. may be secured with adhesive (See Figure 7.1.4.5.-A ),
    2. may be secured with screw-type fasteners and plates, but this is permissible only when the insulation is subsequently covered with a suitable insulation overlay panel (See Figure 7.1.4.5.-B, Figure 7.1.4.5.-D, Figure 7.1.4.5.-G, and Figure 7.1.4.5.-H ; also Article 8.1.4.2.),
    3. may be installed in multiple layers,
    4. must be the top layer when multiple layers of mineral fibre insulation are specified (See Figure 7.1.4.5.-C ), and
    5. must be covered with a suitable insulation overlay panel when mechanically fastened through the top-most surface or when supporting an overburden (See Figure 7.1.4.5.-E, Figure 7.1.4.5.-F, Figure 7.1.4.5.-G, and Figure 7.1.4.5.-H ; also refer to Article 8.1.4.2. concerning required overlays and use under overburden ).


    Figure 7.1.4.5.-A Use of Mineral Fibre Insulation
    One Layer (AD*)
    Forming Part of Clause 7.1.4.5.(1)(1)
    (Click to expand)     		Figure 7.1.4.5.-B Use of Mineral Fibre Insulation
    One Layer (MF*)
    Forming Part of Clause 7.1.4.5.(1)(2)
    (Click to expand)
    Mineral Wool - Single layer (adhered).jpg Mineral Wool - Single layer (mechanically fastened).jpg
    Figure 7.1.4.5.-C Use of Mineral Fibre Insulation
    Two Layers (AD*)
    Forming Part of Clause 7.1.4.5.(1)(4)
    (Click to expand)     		Figure 7.1.4.5.-D Use of Mineral Fibre Insulation
    Two Layers (HYB*)
    Forming Part of Clause 7.1.4.5.(1)(2)
    (Click to expand)
    Mineral Wool - 2 - layer (adhered).jpg Mineral Wool - 2-layer (hybrid).jpg
    Figure 7.1.4.5.-E Use of Mineral Fibre Insulation
    Two Layers (MF*)
    Forming Part of Clause 7.1.4.5.(1)(5)
    (Click to expand)     		Figure 7.1.4.5.-F Use of Mineral Fibre Insulation
    Two Layers (AD* + Overburden)
    Forming Part of Clause 7.1.4.5.(1)(5)
    (Click to expand)
    Mineral Wool - 2-layer (mechanically fastened).jpg Mineral Wool - 2 layer (adhered - overburden).jpg
    Figure 7.1.4.5.-G Use of Mineral Fibre Insulation
    Two Layers (HYB* + Overburden)
    Forming Part of Clause 7.1.4.5.(1)(5)
    (Click to expand)     		Figure 7.1.4.5.-H Use of Mineral Fibre Insulation
    Two Layers (MF* + Overburden)
    Forming Part of Clause 7.1.4.5.(1)(5)
    (Click to expand)
    Mineral Wool - 2 layer (hybrid - overburden).jpg Mineral Wool - 2 layer (mechanically fastened - overburden).jpg
    * MF = Mechanically Fastened; AD = Adhered; HYB = Hybrid Securement
  2. When bitumen-coated mineral fibre insulation is adhered, torch-applied bituminous membranes may be applied directly to the top insulation panel; the use of an insulation overlay is optional.
  3. Uncoated mineral fibre insulation panels
    1. may be installed in multiple layers, but shall be located below other insulation (bitumen-coated mineral fibre, or as permitted by the manufacturer), and
    2. shall be secured only by mechanically fastening (Adhered, uncoated mineral fibre insulation is not permissible; see Figure 7.1.4.5.-E ).

7.1.5. Uninsulated Systems

(The requirements in Subsection 7.1.3., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following articles)

7.1.5.1. Use of Crickets

  1. Crickets
    1. should be manufactured of heat-resistant insulation, but when crickets are manufactured from heat-sensitive insulation they should be covered with a layer of heat-resistant insulation at least 50.8 mm (2") thick.
    2. may be installed directly over a roof deck, although this is not recommended (See Section 8.1., "Design", for overlay requirements).

7.1.6. Protected Roof Systems

(The requirements in Subsection 7.1.3., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following articles)

7.1.6.1. Insulation Selection

  1. Only extruded polystyrene insulation (XPS) may be specified for a protected roof system.

7.1.6.2. Drainage Mats and Filter Fabric

  1. At least one drainage layer is required in a protected membrane roof system, either above or below the XPS insulation, but
    1. when openings in walls or roof penetrations provide less than 203.2 mm (8”) of clearance, the filtration layer must be water-permeable and the drainage layer shall be below the XPS insulation, to lower the drainage plane and minimize leaks into the building, and
    2. a drainage layer shall be specified above the XPS insulation when any overburden superimposed on the roof system will result in a “vapour-closed” condition (i.e., a vegetated roof system or an impermeable wearing course) .
  2. Subject to the conditions in Sentence (1), a drainage layer below the XPS insulation in a vegetated roof assembly may be omitted (Sentence 6.1.3.1.(5), “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”).
  3. Filter fabric must be specified to cover XPS insulation, to
    1. contain the insulation and thereby prevent ‘insulation stacking’ (displacement) when insulation boards become buoyant in water, and
    2. prevent fines from settling at the membrane level and filling the voids between insulation board joints.

Section 7.2. Materials

(See Division C, "Accepted Materials")

7.2.1. Material Properties

7.2.1.1. General

  1. Only insulation boards accepted for use in the RoofStar Guarantee Program, and acceptable to the membrane manufacturer, may be used to qualify for a RoofStar Guarantee.
  2. The requirement to use on RoofStar-accepted board insulation extends to insulation used in Tested Assemblies (See Article 3.2.1.1., "Substituting Materials Used in a Tested Assembly").
  3. All insulation types shall have a minimum compressive strength of 110 KPa (20 psi) when installed without a cover board under mechanically attached membranes.

7.2.1.2. Material Dimensions

  1. The maximum width and length of insulation boards
    1. installed with adhesive shall be 1219.2 mm (48") (See also Article 7.3.3.1.), and
    2. installed with mechanical fasteners is limited only by the manufacturer.
  2. Insulation installed directly over a fluted steel deck must be thick enough to span the flutes under live loads, without risk of cracking or breakage.
  3. While minimal insulation panel thicknesses are permissible for some designs, some materials are by their nature breakable, and therefore the Design Authority should consider the constructability of the roof system from a material handling perspective and consider specifying a thicker panel.

7.2.1.3. Drainage Mats

  1. Drainage mats used in protected membrane roof assemblies, or used where overburden superimposed on the roof assembly requires an additional drainage layer, shall conform to the requirements in Article 14.2.1.4.
  2. Drainage mats that form part of a vegetated roof assembly shall conform to the requirements in Article 6.2.1.2. of the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”.

7.2.1.4. Filter Fabric

  1. Filter fabrics for protected membrane roof assemblies shall conform to the requirements in Article 14.2.1.6..

7.2.2. Suitability of Insulation

7.2.2.1. Extruded Polystyrene Insulation

  1. Extruded polystyrene insulation ("XPS") is heat-sensitive and
    1. shall conform to CAN/CGSB-51.20-M87, "Thermal Insulation, Polystyrene, Boards and Pipe Covering", for Type 4 insulation, and to ASTM C578, "Standard Specification for Rigid, Cellular Polystyrene Thermal Insulation",
    2. may be used in a conventionally insulated roof system, and
    3. is the only insulation that may be specified and installed in a protected roof system.

7.2.2.2. Expanded Polystyrene Insulation

  1. Expanded polystyrene ("EPS") is heat-sensitive and
    1. shall conform to ASTM C578, "Standard Specification for Rigid, Cellular Polystyrene Thermal Insulation", and
    2. shall be specified and installed only in a conventionally insulated roof system, or as crickets in an uninsulated roof system (See also Article 7.1.4.3.).

7.2.2.3. Polyisocyanurate Insulation

(See Note A-7.2.2.3.)

  1. Polyisocyanurate insulation ("Polyiso") is heat-resistant and
    1. shall conform to CAN/ULC-S704, "Standard for Thermal Insulation, Polyurethane and Polyisocyanurate, Boards, Faced", and to ASTM C-1289, "Standard Specification for Faced Rigid Cellular Polyisocyanurate Thermal Insulation Board",
    2. shall be manufactured with non-organic facers, and
    3. shall be labeled to identify the manufacturer and the date of manufacture.

7.2.2.4. Mineral Fibre Insulation

  1. Mineral fibre insulation ("Mineral wool") is heat-resistant and
    1. shall conform to ASTM C726-17, "Standard Specification for Mineral Wool Roof Insulation Board", and
    2. shall be specified and installed only in a conventionally insulated roof system.

Section 7.3. Application

7.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements

7.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.

7.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantees

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, and shall
    1. incorporate crickets at all curbs and sleepers that impede drainage or are wider or longer than 1219.2 mm (48”), and
    2. incorporate an insulation overlay for all insulated systems (regardless of the insulation type) that must
      1. be at least 6.35 mm (1/4”) thick, and
      2. possess a compressive strength of at least 690 kPa (100 psi) (Ref. Article 8.1.2.1.).

7.3.2. All Systems

7.3.2.1. Procurement of Insulation

  1. All insulation, except insulation that may be specified for re-use (See Article 7.1.3.2.), must be supplied and installed by the Contractor.

7.3.2.2. Alignment, Sizing, and Support

  1. Insulation boards
    1. must be clean, and dry to the touch ,
    2. must be firmly supported,
    3. should be square and should make firm, full contact with adjacent panels,
    4. must be installed with the appropriate grade of expanding spray foam applied to gaps greater than 6.35 mm (1/4”) (this requirement does not apply to extruded polystyrene (XPS) installed in a protected roof system), and
    5. shall not be soldiered and must be laterally offset at least 304.8 mm (12") in two directions , both for adjacent layers and for adjacent row; a minus offset tolerance of 50.8 mm (2") maximum is permissible (See Figure 7.3.2.2.-A ).
  2. Offsets are not required for
    1. sloped insulation boards that are generally installed soldiered fashion to adjacent rows, and
    2. the first layer of overlay board, installed on top of heat-sensitive insulation, which may be soldiered to facilitate joint taping.


    Figure 7.3.2.2.-A Offset and Staggered Layering in Field
    Forming Part of Clause 7.3.2.2.(1)(4)
    (Click to expand illustration)
    7.3 Insulation Offset and Staggered.jpg


  3. On exterior insulated walls, insulation joints at the roof-wall interface must be offset and staggered to eliminate thermal bridging (See Figure 7.3.2.2.-B ).

    Figure 7.3.2.2.-B Offset and Staggered Layering at Wall
    Forming Part of Clause 7.3.2.2.(3)
    (Click to expand illustration)
    Figure 7.3.2.-B (Generic conv.).jpg

7.3.2.3. Insulation Securement

  1. Insulation securement shall conform to the specified design for the roof assembly, calculated to resist the Specified Wind Loads for the roof system.
  2. Mineral fibre insulation shall be installed and secured to comply with the requirements and restrictions in Article 7.1.4.5., "Use of Mineral Fibre Insulation".

7.3.2.4. Protection of Heat-sensitive Insulation

  1. Heat-sensitive insulation must be protected from high temperatures, both during construction and when placed in service, and therefore it must be overlaid with heat-resistant insulation no less than 50.8 mm (2") thick (see Article 7.1.4.2.).

7.3.3. Conventionally Insulated Systems

(The requirements in Subsection 7.3.2., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following articles)

7.3.3.1. Adhesive-applied Insulation

  1. Unless specified otherwise by a Tested Assembly or in an engineered specification (see Article 3.3.2.2, "Securing Systems with Adhesives"), when insulation components are installed with adhesive,
    1. the maximum width and length of an insulation panel shall be 1219.2 mm (48"), and
    2. the maximum length of any insulation overlay panel shall be 2438.4 mm (96").
  2. When extruded polystyrene insulation is adhered with a two-component low-rise polyurethane foam adhesive, the faces of the insulation board must be roughened by planing to achieve optimal adhesion.
  3. Two-component low-rise polyurethane foam adhesive ribbons must be applied
    1. to a clean, dry, and contaminant-free surface,
    2. in parallel runs or in a Z-pattern,
    3. no more than 152.4 mm (6”) from any edge of the board and spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12”) apart, and
    4. in ribbon widths specified by the adhesive manufacturer or, in the absence of manufacturer requirements, 19.05 mm (3/4”) wide.
  4. Roof system components adhered with two-component low-rise polyurethane foam must be
    1. installed immediately in wet adhesive (before a surface skin develops), and
    2. properly placed and weighted in wet adhesive until cured.

7.3.3.2. Insulation Adhered with Hot Bitumen

  1. Hot bitumen used to adhere a roof system
    1. must be applied at minimum rates and temperatures based on the type of product, as published by the material manufacturer and in the Standard for Built-up Roof (BUR) Systems, and
    2. may be applied on slopes up to 1/2:12 (For steeper slopes, select a different method of securement).

7.3.4. Reserved

7.3.5. Protected Roof Systems

(The requirements in Subsection 7.3.2., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following articles)

7.3.5.1. Sequencing of Work

  1. Insulation installed against walls or curbs must be separated from roof membranes with a non-bonding drainage mat or slip sheet.
  2. Insulation must be secured and protected immediately after installation.

7.3.5.2. Drainage Mats

(See also Part 11, "Drainage")

  1. At least one drainage layer is required in a protected membrane roof system and its location within the system shall conform to the design requirements in Sentence 7.1.6.2.(1) .
  2. A drainage mat must be installed below the XPS insulation.
  3. A second drainage layer may be installed above the insulation but is at the discretion of the Design Authority.
  4. If a second drainage layer is specified, a vertical separation space measuring at least 12.7 mm (1/2″) must be preserved between the drainage layer and any ballast or overburden, to permit airflow and to assist in leveling.
  5. Specialized proprietary drainage products must be acceptable to the membrane manufacturer.
  6. Ballast guards must be installed around all roof drains.

7.3.5.3. Filter Fabric

  1. Fabric filter mats must be
    1. installed loose-laid (un-bonded) over the insulation and below any type of ballast or roof covering,
    2. overlapped at all edges a minimum of 304.8 mm (12”),
    3. at least 2438.4 mm x 2438.4 mm (96" x 96") in size, and
    4. slit to fit over roof penetrations or cut out around roof drains and other openings.
  2. Filter fabric must extend up perimeter edges and curbs and must be placed loose (unattached) under metal counter flashings or wall finishes.
  3. When the filtration layer is part of a vegetated roof assembly, the filtration layer shall conform to Article 10.3.2.7. of the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”.


Part 8 - Insulation Overlays

Section 8.1. Design

(See Note A-8.1)

8.1.1. General

8.1.1.1. Scope

  1. The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in Division A, Part 1.

8.1.1.2. Defined Terms

  1. Words that appear in italics are defined in the Glossary.

8.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements

8.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.

8.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, and shall
    1. incorporate an insulation overlay on all "conventionally insulated systems, regardless of the insulation type, that must
      1. be at least 6.35 mm (1/4”) thick, and
      2. possess a compressive strength of at least 690 kPa (100 psi).

8.1.2.3. RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee, the supporting roof assembly shall
    1. comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee, RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, or a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee,
    2. be acceptable to the manufacturer as support for a vegetated roof system, and
    3. comply with the related requirements in the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”.

8.1.3. Reserved

8.1.4. Conventionally Insulated Systems

8.1.4.1. Required Use of Insulation Overlays

  1. Except as provided in Sentence (4) , all conventionally insulated roof systems must incorporate one layer of an accepted insulation overlay to cover all flat or tapered insulation panels, installed on any plane, whenever any one of the following conditions apply:
    1. The compressive strength of the specified insulation is less than 110 KPa (20 psi),
    2. Specified membranes are adhered or heat-welded (see Table 9.2.1.1. ), or
    3. Overburden will be superimposed on the roof system.
  2. When a conventionally insulated roof system supports overburden, the overlay panels must be
    1. adhered to the insulation (mechanical fastening is not permissible),
    2. selected from the tables in Division C for
      1. asphaltic panels (with or without factory-laminated base sheet membranes),
      2. moisture resistant gypsum-based panels,
      3. panels made of high-density insulation, or
      4. high-density insulation panels with factory-laminated membranes, and
    3. capable of supporting any superimposed loads on the exposed membrane, without compression or distortion of the roof system or any one of its components (See also Article 14.1.3.2., "Loads").
  3. Notwithstanding the requirements in Sentence (2), when the roof assembly supports a vegetated roof system the overlay must be at least 12.7 mm (1/2”) thick and capably resist compression loads equal to or greater than 552 kPa (80 psi) (“RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”, Clause 1.1.3.1.(2)(2)).
  4. Except where an insulation overlay is required in Sentence (2), an insulation overlay is optional (not required) when the membrane is self-adhered and the following conditions have been satisfied:
    1. The specified membrane is expressly accepted by the Guarantor for application directly on a specific insulation board without the use of an overlay, and
    2. The specified membrane is expressly approved (in published literature) by the manufacturer for application directly to a specific insulation panel.
  5. Crickets made of heat-sensitive insulation, specified for and installed in a membrane system applied with hot bitumen, shall be covered with no less than
    1. one layer of an accepted overlay panel, provided the panel thickness is at least 12.7 mm (1/2") and the joints between panels are sealed with the manufacturer’s approved self-adhered membrane or tape, or
    2. two layers of an accepted overlay panel, when the thickness of the panel is at least 4.76 mm (3/16").


8.1.4.2. Use Over Mineral Fibre Insulation

(See also Article 7.1.4.5.)

  1. Mineral fibre insulation must be overlaid with a moisture-resistant fibreglass-faced silicon treated gypsum core board measuring at least 12.7 mm (1/2") thick
    1. when the insulation is mechanically fastened, or
    2. when it will support overburden.
  2. An insulation overlay is not required when torch-applied membranes are applied directly to the bitumen coating of mineral fibre insulation that has been secured with adhesives.

Section 8.2. Materials

(See Division C, "Accepted Materials")

8.2.1. Material Properties

8.2.1.1. Insulation Overlay Dimensions

  1. Regardless of the type of insulation overlay, the overall thickness of insulation overlay boards shall not exceed 50.8 mm (2”) (See minimum allowable thicknesses are shown in Table 8.2.1.1. ).
  2. Asphalt-coated fibreboard roof insulation adhered with hot asphalt or an asphalt-based adhesive must be asphalt-coated on the top and bottom surface (Minimum coated two-sides).
  3. Fire guard tape must be 152.4 mm (6”) wide
    1. self-adhering modified bituminous tape acceptable to the membrane manufacturer, or
    2. Type IV fibreglass felt or No. 15 organic felt, applied with hot bitumen or cold adhesive.


Table 8.2.1.1..
Insulation Overlay Dimensions
Forming Part of Article 8.2.1.1.
Overlay Type Minimum Thickness - mm (in.)
Moisture resistant fibreglass-faced silicon treated gypsum core 6.35 (1/4")
High-density insulation 12.7 (1/2")
Fibreboard As listed in this Manual
Mineral wool As listed in this Manual

Section 8.3. Application

8.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements

8.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.

8.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantees

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, all projects (except as noted in Sentence (2)) shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, and shall
    1. incorporate an insulation overlay on all insulated systems (regardless of the insulation type) that must
      1. be at least 6.36 mm (1/4”) thick, and
      2. possess a compressive strength of at least 690 kPa (100 psi).
  2. When a vegetated roof system is constructed on a conventionally insulated roof assembly, the insulation overlay shall conform to the requirements in Sentence 8.1.4.1.(3).

8.3.2. Reserved

8.3.3. Conventionally Insulated Systems

8.3.2.1. Alignment of Overlays

  1. The Contractor shall ensure that the selection and application of insulation overlays conforms to the Design requirements in Section 8.1. of this Part.
  2. Fibreboard shall not be used as an insulation overlay beneath torch-applied membranes.
  3. Insulation overlays
    1. should be square and should make firm, full contact with adjacent panels unless specified otherwise by the manufacturer, and
    2. must be offset at least 304.8 mm (12") from the joints of the insulation layer; a minus offset tolerance of 50.8 mm (2") maximum is permissible.
  4. All insulation overlay boards must be offset from insulation joints by at least 304.8 mm (12”) and shall be offset from adjacent and underlying overlay boards by at least 304.8 mm (12”) ( Figure 8.3.2.1.-A ).
  5. While insulation overlays with a laminated base sheet membrane shall be offset and staggered from the insulation joints, they may be installed soldier-fashioned with each other, but only when this is permissible in the application literature published by the manufacturer.


Figure 8.3.2.1.-A Offset and Staggered Insulation and Overlays
Forming Part of Article 8.3.2.1.
(Click to expand illustration)
8.1 Insulation and Overlays.jpg

8.3.2.2. Mechanical Securement

  1. When mechanically attaching insulation overlay boards, the insulation and overlay boards may be fastened together as one assembly.
  2. Unless otherwise indicated by the system requirements in a Tested Assembly, follow the fastener patterns set out in Article 3.3.2.1.
  3. When a membrane-laminated overlay is mechanically fastened over insulation, fasteners and plates used in the field of each panel must be covered with polyester or composite-reinforced membrane patches that extend past the edge of each plate at least 50.8 mm (2”).

8.3.2.3. Adhered Securement

  1. Adhered overlays must conform to the design requirements in Section 8.1. of this Part.
  2. Roof system components adhered with two-component low-rise polyurethane foam must be
    1. installed immediately in wet adhesive (before a surface skin develops), applied
      1. to a clean, dry and contaminant-free surface,
      2. in parallel runs or in a Z-pattern, no more than 152.4 mm (6”) from any edge of the board and spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12”) apart, and
      3. in ribbon widths specified by the adhesive manufacturer or, in the absence of manufacturer requirements, 19.05 mm (3/4”) wide, and
    2. properly placed and weighted in wet adhesive until cured.
  3. Hot bitumen used to adhere a roof assembly
    1. must be applied at minimum rates and temperatures published by the manufacturer for the type of bitumen used, and
    2. may be applied on slopes up to 1/2:12 (for steeper slopes, select a different method of securement).

Part 9 - Roof Field (Membrane Systems)

Section 9.1. Design

9.1.1. General

9.1.1.1. Scope

  1. The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in Division A, Part 1.

9.1.1.2. Defined Terms

  1. Words that appear in italics are defined in the Glossary. Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part:
    1. Manufacturer means the manufacturer of the primary roof covering, unless stated otherwise.
    2. Parallel to Slope means the direction parallel to the angle of a sloped plane.

9.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements

9.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.

9.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, and shall
    1. be constructed with membranes conforming to the RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee criteria in Table 9.2.1.1.

9.1.2.3. RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee, the supporting roof assembly shall
    1. comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee, RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, or a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee,
    2. be acceptable to the manufacturer as support for a vegetated roof system (with consideration to added hydrostatic pressure – see Article 1.1.4.1.] in the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”), and
    3. comply with the related requirements in the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”.

9.1.3. All Systems

9.1.3.1. General Requirements

  1. Any roof areas with a slope less than 1:16 (3/4" in 12") require 2 ply membrane assemblies.
  2. All SBS-modified bituminous membrane roofs shall be designed to satisfy the requirements of the Code and the requirements in Part 3 of this Standard.
  3. The specifications, details, and installation techniques must conform to the membrane manufacturer's requirements.
  4. Membranes must be selected for their
    1. composition, both in terms of thickness and reinforcement,
    2. performance characteristics in relation to the intended use of the roof, as for example puncture resistance or reflectivity and reduced heat absorption,
    3. application methodology, which may be limited by the type of supporting deck or substrate to which it will be applied, and
    4. seasonal applications (summer and winter grades).
  5. Single ply modified bituminous membranes require a minimum slope of 1:16 (3/4” in 12”).
  6. Membranes may not be adhered to lightweight insulation concrete unless expressly permitted by the manufacturer.

9.1.3.2. Control Joints (Roof Dividers)

  1. When control joints (roof dividers) are recommended or required by the manufacturer, or are deemed necessary by the Design Authority, they must be designed following the requirements in Article 10.1.6.2.

9.1.3.3. Securement

(See Note A-9.1.3.3.)

  1. The roof system must be secured to resist displacement by Specified Wind Loads, and therefore the requirements in this Article shall be read together with the requirements in Part 3 of this Standard.
  2. When membranes are mechanically fastened, only base membranes designed for in-seam screw-type fasteners may qualify; nail-applied membranes are not permissible.
  3. When the designed slope of the roof exceeds 1:6 (2” in 12”), and either or both membranes are self-adhered, the head-lap of a full or partial membrane run, installed parallel to the slope, must be secured with at least three (3) mechanical fasteners and plates equally spaced across its width.
  4. When the membrane is specified to run perpendicular to the slope, the up-slope seam must be mechanically fastened with screws and plates no more than 609.6 mm (24”) O.C.
  5. Primary roof membranes may not be directly adhered to a wood deck.
  6. When the roof slope exceeds 1:24 (1/2” in 12”), only cap membranes installed by methods other than with hot bitumen may be specified.
  7. Single-ply SBS-modified bituminous membranes may be used only when the roof slope is greater than 1:16 (¾” in 12”), and may be adhered, self-adhered, mechanically fastened, or torch-applied to the substrate for which they are designed and specified.

9.1.3.4. Membrane Protection

  1. Installed membranes must be protected from damage caused by
    1. any walkway surface,
    2. work performed concurrently or subsequently by other trades (the Design Authority is strongly urged to direct the work of other trades through specific, explicit directives in the design specifications), and
    3. chemicals or other contaminants that may adversely impact the roof membrane or other system components, including (without limitation)
      1. animal or vegetable grease,
      2. hot pipes (release valves),
      3. petroleum products or bi-products, and
      4. miscellaneous fluids from equipment (See also Article 12.3.2.6. for application of reinforced liquid membrane flashing around roof penetrations).
  2. Membranes should be protected from
    1. pool or garden chemicals and fertilizers,
    2. pet urine,
    3. bird excrement, and
    4. refrigerants.
  3. Where it is desirable for the field membrane to resist the damaging effects of grease, oils or other contaminants, the Design Authority should consider specifying a Roofstar-accepted, fleece-reinforced 2-component catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) liquid membrane (See also Article 9.3.3.5.).
  4. Roof membranes that are exposed to sunlight reflected off adjacent glazing and metal cladding or framework (such as window mullions) should be selected for their ability to accommodate elevated temperatures, or should be protected
    1. with overburden materials, such as pavers or gravel, or
    2. by overhangs that shade reflective wall surfaces and glazing (See Note A-9.1.3.4.).

9.1.3.5. Walkways

  1. When conventionally insulated and uninsulated systems will be accessed at least once per month for maintenance of serviceable equipment, the design must incorporate designated walkways
    1. to protect the primary membrane at roof access points, equipment service locations and along travel routes,
    2. that facilitate drainage and drying (pedestals and other paver supports provide airflow for drying surfaces and assist in leveling; they should not impede the flow of water or air and should uniformly distribute the dead load of pavers and predicted live loads), and
    3. that are properly secured against movement by wind.
  2. The membrane must be suitably protected from mechanical damage by walkway surfaces.
  3. Paver walkway surfaces must be suitably supported in keeping with Article 14.1.3.11. and Article 14.3.2.5., "Wearing Surfaces".
  4. Designated walkways may be specified using a proprietary coating (See also Division A, Article 3.2.1.2.), or may be superimposed on the membrane surface but must be suitably supported in keeping with Article 14.1.3.11. and 14.3.2.5., "Wearing Surfaces".
  5. Membrane walkways constructed with a third ply are permissible but are not considered part of the roof system and therefore are not covered by the Guarantee.

9.1.4. Conventionally Insulated Systems

(The requirements in Subsection 9.1.3., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following articles)

9.1.4.1. General Requirements

  1. All conventionally insulated roof systems must conform to the requirements in Article 3.1.4.1., and to Part 3 generally.
  2. Only PARS and AARS assemblies are permitted when a conventionally insulated roof system, or a portion of it, is designed to support any type of load; pavers supported by pedestals are an exception (this limitation must be read together with the requirements in Part 14).

9.1.4.2. Warning Zones

  1. Fall protection warning zones (see WorkSafeBC Regulations and related materials) may be designed to utilize
    1. primary roof membranes in contrasting colours,
    2. a "sacrificial" third ply installed over the primary cap membrane (Ref. Division A, Article 3.2.1.2.), or
    3. a proprietary coating.

9.1.5. Uninsulated Systems

(The requirements in Subsection 9.1.3., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following articles)

9.1.5.1. General Requirements

  1. All uninsulated roof systems must satisfy the requirements of the Building Code and Part 3 of this Standard, and shall be (when applicable)
    1. a Tested Assembly,
    2. an Assembly with Proven Past Performance, or
    3. an assembly with custom-engineered securement.
  2. When a roof system installed on a concrete deck or concrete topping is uninsulated, the base membrane must be vented to mitigate the effects of vapour drive from the concrete.
  3. Membranes may not be fully adhered or torch-applied to a wood deck.
  4. Membranes specified for application over a wood deck shall be
    1. fully adhered to a mechanically attached, RoofStar-accepted deck overlay board,
    2. "vented" (semi-adhered), or
    3. mechanically fastened.

9.1.5.2. Warning Zones

  1. The requirements and recommendations in Article 9.1.4.2. shall be applied and considered for uninsulated roof systems.

9.1.6. Protected Roof Systems

(The requirements in Subsection 9.1.3., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following articles)

9.1.6.1. General Requirements

  1. Only fully adhered membranes may be used in a Protected Membrane Roof System; mechanically attached membranes are not suitable and shall not be used for this application.
  2. Ballasted systems shall conform to the requirements in Article 3.3.5.1. and Article 9.1.3.3.

Section 9.2. Materials

(See Division C, "Accepted Materials")

9.2.1. Material Properties

9.2.1.1. Membrane Composition, Thickness, and Selection

(See Note A-9.2.1.1.)

  1. All SBS polymer-modified bituminous membranes must be selected from the list of accepted materials published in Division C of this Manual, and must conform to
    1. RGC ACWP-MOD (RGC ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA for MANUFACTURED POLYMER-MODIFIED, REINFORCED BITUMINOUS SHEET MEMBRANES Used in Roof Waterproofing and Grade-level Waterproofing Systems), which relies onCSA-A123.23, "Product specification for polymer-modified bitumen sheet, prefabricated and reinforced", and
    2. the membrane properties in Table 9.1.
  2. Base and cap membranes in a 2 or 3-Ply SBS polymer-modified bituminous membrane system
    1. shall each be modified with the same polymer,
    2. shall each satisfy the minimum thickness requirements in Table 9.2.1.1. , and
    3. when combined as a membrane system, shall together satisfy the minimum combined thickness requirements published in Table 9.2.1.1.
  3. Oxidized asphalt membranes will be considered as underlay only and must not be counted as one of two plies.
  4. Notwithstanding the minimum requirements for hot-mopped membranes published in Table 9.2.1.1. , the minimum thickness requirements for both the base sheet and cap sheet (irrespective of membrane reinforcement) may be reduced to 2.0 mm, to meet the intent of the requirements in the Table, but only when both membranes are hot-mopped and the combined membrane system is flood-coated with either hot bitumen or the manufacturer’s proprietary material, plus gravel.
  5. Liquid membranes must be reinforced and accepted for use over a base membrane ply acceptable to the manufacturer of the liquid membrane.


Table 9.2.1.1..
Properties of SBS Polymer Modified Bituminous Membranes
Forming Part of Article 9.2.1.1.
All thicknesses shown are in mm.
" X" means not permissible or not available.
Exposed Roof Systems Protected Roof Systems Grade-level
Water-
proofing
Conventionally Insulated / Uninsulated Systems Membrane
Gutters 		PMR
Systems
Mechanic-
ally
fastened 		Heat-
welded 		Adhered Heat-
welded;
Adhesive-
applied;
Self-
adhered

Heat-
welded;
Adhered 		Puncture Resistance Heat-
welded;
Adhered 		Puncture Resistance
Self-
adhered 		Hot-
mopped 		Adhesive-
applied
Ply, Reinforcement, and Type/Grade Guarantee Term mm mm mm mm mm mm mm (N) mm (N)
Minimum Combined 2-ply Thickness
5/10 6.00 6.00 X 6.00 X
15 6.50 6.50 X X X
Base (Fibreglass) - Type A/Grade 3
5/10 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.20 2.20 X X X X X
15 X 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 X X X X X
Base (Composite fibreglass) - Type A/Grade 3
5/10 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.20 2.20 2.50 2.20 X 2.20 X
15 X 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.90 2.50 X X X
Base (Polyester) - Type B/Grade 3
5/10 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.20 2.20 2.50 2.20 X 2.20 X
15 X 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.90 2.50 X X X
Base (Composite) - Type C/Grade 3
5/10 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.20 2.20 2.50 2.20 X 2.20 X
15 X 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.90 2.50 X X X
Factory Laminated Base (panel)
5/10 2.20 X 2.20 X X X
15 2.20 X 2.20 X X X
Film Cap (Fibreglass) - Type A/Grade 2 or 3
5/10 X 4.00 3.30 3.30 3.30 X X X X X
15 X X X X X X X X X X
Film Cap (Polyester) - Type B/Grade 2 or 3
5/10 X 4.00 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.00 3.00 400 3.00 400
15 X 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 3.00 400 X X
Film Cap (Composite) - Type C/Grade 2 or 3
5/10 X 4.00 3.30 3.30 3.30 3.00 3.00 400 3.00 400
15 X 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 3.00 400 X X
Granule Cap (Fibreglass) - Type A/Grade 1
5/10 X 4.00 3.30 3.30 3.30 X X X X X
15 X X X X X X X X X X
Granule Cap (Polyester) - Type B/Grade 1
5/10 X 4.00 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.00 400 3.00 400
15 X 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 3.00 400 X X
Granule Cap (Composite) - Type C/Grade 1
5/10 X 3.30 4.00 3.30 3.30 3.50 3.00 400 3.00 400
15 X 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 3.00 400 X X


9.2.1.2. Fasteners and Adhesives

  1. Fasteners and adhesives shall conform to the material requirements in Section 3.2.

9.2.1.3. Protection Materials

  1. When installed membranes require protection, the requirements in Article 14.2.1.2. apply.

9.2.2. Materials Storage and Handling

9.2.2.1. Protection from the Weather

  1. All uninstalled materials must be protected from weather by properly stacking them above ground, or above the roof surface, in or beneath covers that are weather-resistant and secured against displacement by wind (See also Article 4.2.1.1., "Use of Accepted Materials").

9.2.3. Accessories

9.2.3.1. Accessories Supplied by Membrane Manufacturer

  1. All membrane accessory components must be supplied by and acceptable to the manufacturer.

Section 9.3. Application

9.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements

9.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.

9.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, and shall
    1. utilize only those membranes listed in Table 9.2.1.1. that qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee.

9.3.2. All Systems

9.3.2.1. Preparation of Substrate

  1. All supporting decks must be acceptable to the manufacturer and must be
    1. made suitable for roofing by others (trades other than the Contractor),
    2. dimensionally stable,
    3. structurally sound,
    4. capable of accommodating roof system component movement,
    5. clean,
    6. adequately dry and frost-free (Ref. Subsection 2.1.5., "Roof Decks"),
    7. reasonably smooth and free of abrupt elevation changes, and
    8. absolutely free of
      1. dust,
      2. dirt,
      3. voids,
      4. open cracks,
      5. sharp projections,
      6. contaminants,
      7. objectionable surface treatments,
      8. laitance (concrete must be “native”),
      9. oil, and
      10. grease.
  2. A properly secured, accepted overlay board is required (Ref. Part 5)
    1. for any deck that does not meet the deck fastening criteria set out in Article 2.1.5.3.,
    2. for any deck that cannot be repaired or otherwise made suitable for roofing, and
    3. for mass timber decks (plywood overlay shall conform to the requirements in Article 5.2.1.1.
  3. Substrates must be primed, if required by the manufacturer.
  4. All plane transitions must be prepared or reinforced in the manner specified by the manufacturer.
  5. All concrete decks
    1. must cure at least 28 days before receiving adhered membranes, but this limitation may be reduced if both the building envelope engineer and the manufacturer expressly permit membrane application within the first 28 days after pouring, and their respective signed letters of permission are furnished to the Guarantor forthwith, to be included with the project record ("adhered", as used in this requirement, means fully or intermittently bonding any membrane to the deck with an adhesive, hot asphalt (bitumen), or heat),
    2. must be finished by others to render a surface profile range suitable to the membrane manufacturer, to facilitate a ‘mechanical bond’ between the substrate and the membrane, and
    3. constructed with pre-cast panels must be made continuous and even; all side and end-joints must be filled and reinforced according to the manufacturer’s published requirements.
  6. Plywood decks with cracks or loose knots must be filled or overlaid with plywood (see Article 5.2.1.1.).
  7. Joints between plywood deck panels must be prepared and reinforced according to the manufacturer’s published requirements.
  8. Wood decks must be overlaid with an acceptable deck overlay panel when the specified membrane system will be adhered directly to the deck (Ref. Part 5), but an overlay is not required (unless specified by the Design Authority) for
    1. self-adhered air or vapour controls, or
    2. mechanically fastened or loose-laid membranes.
  9. If surface drying is required prior to roofing, the deck must be dried with blown air.

9.3.2.2. Preparation of Roofing Materials

  1. Membranes must be unrolled, prepared, and conditioned for installation, as required by the manufacturer.

9.3.2.3. General Requirements for Membrane Application

  1. Membranes must be installed according to the manufacturer's published instructions, details, and installation techniques unless exceeded by this Standard.
  2. Membranes should be installed beginning at the lowest point of the roof.
  3. All membrane openings at eaves, walls, vents, etc. must be sealed during application to prevent moisture from entering the roof system or between membrane flashing plies.
  4. At the end of a day, or when installation must be stopped because of circumstance (such as inclement weather), the new roof system membrane must be temporarily and continuously sealed to ensure the building and any new roof system components are protected from exposure to, and damage by, the weather.
  5. Except for the application of picture-framing techniques (see Sub-section 10.3.8., "Alternative Approaches to Sheet Membrane Flashing"), both the base and cap membranes must be installed in a parallel direction (not perpendicular to each other).
  6. Both the base and cap membranes of a 2-ply un-granulated (smooth) membrane system must be installed separately; installation "shingle fashion" (i.e., 50% lap) is not acceptable except where membrane "back nailing" is required.
  7. Before any roof covering, structure or equipment is installed, roof membranes must be
    1. inspected,
    2. scanned for breaches, when an integrity scan is required by this Standard, and
    3. free of deficiencies.
  8. At the end of a day, or when installation must be stopped because of circumstance (such as inclement weather), the new roof system membrane must be temporarily and continuously sealed to ensure the building and any new roof system components are protected from exposure to, and damage by, the weather.

9.3.2.4. Cold and Inclement Weather Application

  1. Installation during cold weather must follow the membrane manufacturer’s guidelines for storage and membrane conditioning.

9.3.2.5. Securement on Slopes

  1. Self-adhered membranes installed on slopes exceeding 1:6 (2” in 12”) must conform to Article 9.3.3.1.

9.3.2.6. Membrane Seams

  1. When the membrane is specified to run parallel to a slope, the up-slope seam must be mechanically fastened with screws and plates no more than 609.6 mm (24”) O.C.
  2. All membranes must
    1. overlap adjacent membranes (side laps) at least 76.2 mm (3”),
    2. overlap the end of the next membrane run at least 152.4 mm (6") (angle-cut the selvedge corner of the underlying membrane as required by the manufacturer), and
    3. offset adjacent membrane end laps by at least 304.8 mm (12”).
  3. Membranes shall be installed so that cap membrane end laps are located at least 914.4 mm (36”) from the centre of any roof field drain, except where drain sumps are employed.
  4. When membranes are mechanically fastened, side laps must be at least 101.6 mm (4”) and cover the fastener plate by at least 50.8 mm (2”).
  5. Seams must be fully bonded, both along the sides and at the ends of membrane runs.
  6. All base membrane field seams, regardless of the type of application, must be “buttered” before the end of the working day.
  7. All cap membranes must exhibit continuous visible bitumen bleed-out along seam edges.
  8. Cap membrane runs must be offset from the base field membrane seams, according to the membrane manufacturer's published instructions, and centred over drains.

9.3.2.7. Protection of Membranes

  1. The Contractor, and other trades who use primers for self-adhering membranes typically installed on walls or around doors, window, or other wall penetrations, must protect membranes
    1. from splashed or dripped primer used to enhance adhesion of self-adhering membranes, as the primer may damage the membranes and cause leaks, and
    2. from accidental damage, including damage by staged materials, scaffolding, foot and equipment traffic, and anything else that may pose a hazard to the integrity of the membrane.

9.3.2.8. Transitions with Water-shedding Systems

  1. Where slopes less than 1:16 (3/4" in 12") intersect a water-shedding system, the waterproofing system must be designed to extend up the water-shedding system slope as described in Article 10.3.7.2., using methods conforming to the general application requirements in Article 10.3.2.3.

9.3.2.9. Walkways

  1. Any walkway pads or supports capable of absorbing solar radiation must be installed on a non-bonding slip sheet, to protect the membrane from damage by heat.
  2. When pavers are used as the walkway material, they must be
    1. spaced no closer than 3.18 mm (1/8″),
    2. supported by non-abrasive pads or proprietary pedestals providing a minimum of 12.7 mm (1/2″) of vertical separation to permit adequate airflow and leveling (Slip sheets under pedestals may be necessary to prevent membrane abrasion), and
    3. secured against displacement by wind.
  3. When an additional membrane ply serving as a ‘sacrificial’ walking surface is installed over the completed multi-ply membrane, the 'sacrificial' ply is not considered part of the roof system and therefore is excluded from coverage under the RoofStar Guarantee.

9.3.3. Membrane Application Methods

(The requirements in Subsection 9.3.2., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following articles)

9.3.3.1. Self-adhered and Cold-processed Membranes

(See Note A-9.3.3.1.)

  1. The installation of self-adhering membranes across the slope of the roof is not recommended.
  2. When both the base and cap membranes are self-adhered, the cap membrane must be installed on a clean, dry base and both must be completed together on the same workday, according to the manufacturer’s published instructions; phased installation of membranes is not permissible.
  3. When either or both membranes are self-adhered and the designed slope of the roof
    1. exceeds 1:6 (2” in 12”) but is no greater than 1:3 (4” in 12”), membrane laps must conform to the general requirements published elsewhere in this Part, but the head-lap of a full or partial membrane run, installed parallel to the slope, must be secured with at least three (3) screw fasteners and plates equally spaced across its width.
    2. exceeds 1:3 (4” in 12”), membrane laps must conform to the general requirements published elsewhere in this Part, but
      1. the head-lap of a full or partial membrane run, installed parallel to the slope, must be secured with at least three (3) screw fasteners and plates equally spaced across its width, and
      2. the side laps must be mechanically fastened with screws and plates spaced no more than 609.6 mm (24”) O.C.
  4. To ensure even, full contact with the substrate, all self-adhered and cold adhesive-applied field membranes must be fully rolled with a roller weighing at least 34.2 Kg (75 lbs).
  5. When self-adhesive membranes are
    1. installed at ambient air temperatures below 10° C, the granules must be embedded prior to air-welding the end laps of the cap membrane,
    2. installed at ambient air temperatures above 10° C, embedment of granules, as described above, is optional before the end laps of the cap membrane are air-welded,
    3. applied to a base membrane coated on the top face with a polyethylene film, the film must be defeated (burned away) before the cap membrane may be installed, and
    4. welded at the seams with a hot-air welder, the seams must be fully welded to ensure a uniform bond between plies.

9.3.3.2. Mechanically Attached Membranes

  1. Whenever possible, mechanically fastened membranes must be oriented perpendicular to steel deck flutes, to distribute fasteners across the deck.
  2. Membranes must be secured with fasteners and stress plates that are
    1. specifically designed for the application of the specified and installed membrane, or
    2. listed in the Tested Assembly report as an acceptable alternative (substitutions, without the written consent of the primary membrane manufacturer, are not permitted and may void the RoofStar Guarantee).
  3. Unless otherwise listed in the assembly components of a Tested Assembly, membranes shall be fastened with self-drilling purpose-made #14 screws having a deep-recessed head.
  4. Single-ply modified bituminous membranes
    1. must comply with the requirements listed in Table 9.1 (Ref. Article 9.2.1.1.), and
    2. require a minimum slope 1:16 (3/4" in 12").

9.3.3.3. Hot Asphalt-adhered Membranes

  1. All concrete decks to receive adhered membranes shall be primed with the manufacturer’s asphaltic primer.
  2. Membranes must be installed with Type 3 or 4 oxidized asphalt or Type 3 or 4 SEBS modified asphalt.
  3. Hot asphalt
    1. must be at least 205°C (400°F) in order to fuse with the membrane,
    2. must be applied at the rates published by the asphalt manufacturer for the particular substrate, and
    3. should be mopped no more than 1 m (3') ahead of the roll.

9.3.3.4. Torch-applied Membranes

  1. Torch-applied membranes must be applied to a suitable substrate (primed if required by the manufacturer), but may not be directly torch-applied to an unprotected combustible material, which is strictly prohibited.
  2. All torch-applied membranes must be fully and evenly bonded to their substrate.
  3. As the roll is installed, the Contractor must
    1. sufficiently pre-heat the side lap of the preceding roll,
    2. burn off any film used to protect the uninstalled membrane surface, and
    3. ensure sufficient heat melts the bottom layer of bitumen across the full width of the roll, to adequately bond the membrane to the substrate (A small "wave" or "bead" of melted asphalt in front of the roll usually indicates sufficient heat).
  4. The applicator must not over-torch or over-heat membranes, as high temperatures can distort the polyester fabric used as reinforcement in many thermofusible torch-applied membranes.
  5. Installed base membranes must be protected from dirt, debris, and damage; any damage sustained by the installed base membrane must be adequately repaired by the Contractor following the procedures recommended by the manufacturer.
  6. Membrane end lap corners must be cut on a bias (clipped or trimmed on an angle) prior to forming end laps.
  7. Cap membranes should be installed as soon as possible after base membrane installation.
  8. Granules must be embedded in the cap membrane prior to forming end laps.

9.3.3.5. Liquid Membranes (Field Application)

  1. Liquid membrane systems are permissible as a second layer in a multi-ply SBS-modified bituminous membrane system, provided they are
    1. listed in Division C,
    2. expressly permitted for use on the drainage plane (fleece-reinforced, 2-component catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or polyurethane methyl methacrylate (PUMA) liquid membrane, unless otherwise permitted),
    3. compatible with the base membrane, and
    4. installed to conform to the conditions and limitations stated at the time of acceptance (refer to the specific product page in Division C).
  2. The base membrane to which the liquid membrane will be applied must be properly prepared, clean, dry, free of contaminants, and suitable to the liquid membrane manufacturer.
  3. Preparation must follow the procedures published by the liquid membrane manufacturer.
  4. Unless the liquid membrane system covers the entire field area, all areas to which liquid membrane system will be applied must be masked, to ensure
    1. adequate coverage on all surfaces, and
    2. clean, straight, plumb edges.
  5. Application rates and guidelines issued by the manufacturer of the liquid membrane system must be followed, unless superseded by these requirements.
  6. For all applications,
    1. a base coat of catalyzed liquid membrane resin must be applied within the area masked for coverage,
    2. the base coat must be reinforced with the manufacturer’s fleece, cut to size so that the fleece is set in from the masked area no more than 3.18 mm (1/8”),
    3. the fleece must be fully saturated with the catalyzed liquid membrane, following the published instructions from the manufacturer,
    4. the fleece and the entire masked area must be coated with a second application of catalyzed liquid membrane resin, and
    5. the second coat must be covered with a third (wearing) coat, as specified by the manufacturer.
  7. When a granule surface or textured finish is specified, the granules or texturing material must be broadcast into a third coat.
  8. When applied to the roof field around a penetration, fleece-reinforced liquid membrane must be extended up the adjacent vertical surfaces by at least 203.2 mm (8”) (Refer to Part 12 for specific penetration flashing requirements).

9.3.3.6. Membranes Laminated to Insulation Overlays

  1. Mechanical fasteners and plates used to secure membrane-laminated insulation overlays must be covered with a membrane patch
    1. cut from membrane matching the characteristics and properties of the laminated membrane, and
    2. large enough to extend past the edge of the plate, in all directions, at least 50.8 mm (2").
  2. All membrane patches must be rolled to eliminate bubbles and fish-mouths and must be "buttered" at the edges.

9.3.4. Conventionally Insulated Systems

(The requirements in Subsection 9.3.2., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following articles)

9.3.4.1. Membrane Application Methods

  1. SBS-modified bitumen membranes installed as part of a conventionally insulated roof systems shall be
    1. self-adhered and cold adhesive-applied ( Article 9.3.3.1.),
    2. mechanically attached ( Article 9.3.3.2.),
    3. hot bitumen-adhered ( Article 9.3.3.3.), or
    4. torch-applied ( Article 9.3.3.4.).
  2. Membrane securement shall conform to the design requirements for resistance of Specified Wind Loads.

9.3.4.2. Warning Zones

(See also Article 9.1.4.2.)

  1. All warning zone membranes must be oriented parallel to the primary field runs.
  2. When warning zone membranes are specified to be part of the primary roof membrane, end laps must be staggered with the field membrane runs by locating them under the contrasting membrane, to create a clean edge.
  3. When a sacrificial third ply, installed over the primary cap membrane, is specified for a warning zone on the roof, the primary cap membrane must be prepared according to the manufacturer's published requirements, and the sacrificial warning zone membranes applied according to the manufacturer's published installation requirements.
  4. part of the primary roof membrane, end laps must be staggered with the field membrane runs by locating them under the contrasting membrane, to create a clean edge.

9.3.5. Uninsulated Systems

(The requirements in Subsection 9.3.2., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following articles)

9.3.5.1. Membrane Application Methods

  1. SBS-modified bitumen membranes installed as part of an uninsulated roof system shall be
    1. self-adhered and cold adhesive-applied ( Article 9.3.3.1.),
    2. mechanically attached ( Article 9.3.3.2.),
    3. hot asphalt-adhered ( Article 9.3.3.3.), or
    4. torch-applied ( Article 9.3.3.4.).
  2. Membrane securement shall conform to the design requirements for resistance of Specified Wind Loads.

9.3.5.2. Membranes Installed on Concrete

  1. Concrete decks shall be prepared as required in Article 9.3.2.1., the application of the primary membrane shall conform to the general requirements in Article 9.3.2.3. and the base membrane shall be vented (semi-adhered), to mitigate the effects of vapour drive from the concrete.

9.3.5.3. Membranes Installed on Wood Decks

  1. Wood decks shall conform to the requirements for wood decks in Subsection 2.1.5., shall be prepared as required in Article 9.3.2.1., and application of the primary membrane shall conform to the general requirements in Article 9.3.2.3.
  2. SBS-modified bituminous membranes shall not be fully adhered directly to a supporting wood deck structure, and instead shall be
    1. installed on a RoofStar-accepted deck overlay board, or
    2. semi-adhered ("vented").

9.3.5.4. Single-ply SBS-modified Bituminous Membranes

  1. Single-ply membranes manufactured with SBS-modified bitumen shall be installed on slopes 1:16 (3/4” in 12”) or greater.

9.3.5.5. Warning Zones

  1. When warning zones are specified as part of the primary roof membrane, they must follow the requirements in Article 9.3.4.2.

9.3.5.6. Reserved

9.3.6. Protected Roof Systems

(The requirements in Subsection 9.3.2., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following articles)

9.3.6.1. Membrane Application Methods

  1. SBS-modified bitumen membranes installed as part of a protected roof system shall be
    1. self-adhered and cold adhesive-applied ( Article 9.3.3.1.),
    2. hot asphalt-adhered ( Article 9.3.3.3.), or
    3. torch-applied ( Article 9.3.3.4.).
  2. Membranes, membrane flashing, and insulation must be installed in keeping with the requirements found elsewhere in this Standard.
  3. No UV-sensitive membrane may be left exposed to UV radiation and must be fully protected by a granulated cap membrane, metal flashing or overburden.
  4. The second ply in a protected roof system may be a base sheet membrane that is acceptable to the manufacturer for that application, and must meet the membrane puncture resistance and thickness requirements in Article 9.2.1.1., "Composition, Thickness and Selection".

9.3.6.2. Membrane Protection

  1. Installed membranes must be protected from damage as soon as possible after integrity testing.

9.3.6.3. Procurement and Installation of Other Materials

  1. All components, including the gravel or paver ballast, must be supplied and installed by the Contractor.
  2. Where a vegetated roof system (VRS) is used as ballast and the VRS
    1. is intended to qualify for a RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee, the VRS shall conform to the design, material, and construction requirements of the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs” .
    2. is not intended to qualify for a RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee, may be installed by others but
    3. the work must be coordinated with the Contractor, and
    4. the VRS must be installed immediately upon completion of the Contractor’s work, to ensure the roof system is held in place (See also Article 14.1.3.12.).

Part 10 - Perimeters and Walls

Section 10.1. Design

10.1.1. General

10.1.1.1. Scope

  1. The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in Division A, Part 1.

10.1.1.2. Defined Terms

  1. Words that appear in italics are defined in the Glossary.

10.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements

10.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.

10.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee.

10.1.3. All Systems

10.1.3.1. General Requirements

  1. The Design Authority is responsible to specify the connections between the roof system and walls or other building components, particularly where the continuity of air, vapour and water-resistive control layers is critical or required by Code (See Part 6, "Air and Vapour Controls").
  2. Projects must follow proper sequencing; materials must positively integrate (“shingle fashion”) with other materials, systems, or assemblies, including those installed by other trades.
  3. Wall surfaces must be suitable to receive roof materials, or they must be covered with an accepted overlay panel material listed in Division C.
  4. Where the roof deck and an adjoining wall are constructed of dissimilar materials (i.e., steel deck joined to concrete wall), differing expansion and contraction rates for the two materials may adversely affect the roof system and, in particular, the field and flashing membranes, and therefore it is incumbent upon the Design Authority to consult the manufacturer's literature and specify the correct materials for each particular roof-wall intersection (See Note A-10.1.3.1.(4)).
  5. When EIFS cladding is cut to permit roofing work, the exposed insulation must be restored with back-wrapped mesh, a base coat and finish coat, or with another method that is equal or superior (See Note A-10.1.3.1.(5)).

10.1.3.2. Membrane Flashing

  1. All changes in plane in the roof system, and all intersections between the roof field and roof edges, walls, or parapets, must be flashed with sheet membrane, or with a reinforced liquid membrane flashing system that is acceptable to the Guarantor, acceptable to the manufacturer, and permitted by this Standard.
  2. Sheet membrane flashing must be self-adhered, adhered with adhesives, hot asphalt (bitumen), or with torch-applied heat, and shall conform to the requirements in Article 10.3.2.3.
  3. Linear metal flashing, or a RoofStar-accepted, fleece-reinforced 2-component polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) liquid membrane flashing, is required at all roof edges, upper membrane terminations, curb tops, and at the tops of parapets, to protect sheet membrane flashing from damage.
  4. All linear metal flashing used for the termination of sheet membrane flashing plies shall be installed in keeping with Article 13.1.3.3., "Securement".
  5. Sheet membrane flashing must be protected from damage caused by foot traffic or shifting coverings, using base metal flashing or other methods acceptable to the Guarantor.
  6. Where a roof allows water to freely drain off the edge, and the roof adjoins a wall, a cricket or diverter should be installed at the roof edge to prevent water intrusion behind wall finishes.

10.1.4. Perimeter Details, High Walls, and Openings

(The requirements in Subsection 10.1.3., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following Articles)

10.1.4.1. Parapets

  1. Parapets may be waterproofed before a coping, its membrane, and metal coping (cap) flashing are installed, but the coping will be excluded from coverage unless the parapet membranes are carried onto and over the coping in accordance with the application requirements described in Article 10.3.4.1.
  2. On roofs where overburden or ballast extends to the roof edge, parapets must be designed to retain the material against wind scouring, but in any event, they shall be no less than 203.2 mm (8”) in height when measured from the top of the finished roof system surface.
  3. Parapets are optional, but when a parapet is specified it must be no less than 127 mm (5") in height, measured from the finished roof system surface to the inside top edge of the parapet (this height requirement facilitates proper metal cap flashing securement) (Ref. Article 10.3.4.1.; also see Article 13.3.2.3., "Cap Flashing, Counter-flashing, and Reglet Flashing").
  4. Parapets with cavities must be designed with consideration for ventilation.
  5. All parapet copings that form part of the Contractor’s scope of work must provide solid support for metal coping (cap) flashings and shall be suitable to receive mechanical fasteners (Ref. Article 13.1.3.6.; also see Article 13.3.2.1.).
  6. When the width of any parapet exceeds 101.6 mm (4"), the coping (installed by other trades) must
    1. slope toward the roof-side of the parapet wall, and shall
    2. be sloped to meet the minimum requirements for metal coping (cap) flashing in Table 13.1.-A, Article 13.1.3.4.
  7. Membranes specified for parapets with a pre-cast or stone coping must be at least 2.5 mm thick and shall be manufactured with a sanded top surface.

10.1.4.2. Low Profile Edges

  1. A metal-edge termination detail may be used on a conventionally insulated or uninsulated roof system but must be fully blocked to support the metal and membrane edges.
  2. Canted edges are not required or recommended and may be retained on existing roofs, but
    1. this shall be at the discretion of the Design Authority, and
    2. the canted substrates must be wood.
  3. When, for aesthetic reasons, face-fastened metal flashing covering a canted edge is not desirable, cants may be replaced with
    1. a metal edge roof termination, or
    2. a parapet, designed and constructed in keeping with the minimum requirements in Article 10.1.4.1. and Article 10.3.4.1.

10.1.4.3. Tall Parapets

  1. When a parapet higher than 609.6 mm (24") (a tall parapet) is specified as part of the Contractor’s scope of work,
    1. membranes specified for surfaces of the wall above the primary roof membrane flashing and including the coping, must conform to the requirements in Article 10.2.1.1., and
    2. additional mechanical securement shall conform to the requirements in this Part, or to the requirements of the manufacturer, whichever is greater.
  2. All roof intersections with walls shall conform to the requirements in Subsection 10.1.3., "All Systems", and shall maintain continuity with the wall control layers for air, vapour, and water.
  3. Tall parapets with cavities must be designed with consideration for ventilation.

10.1.4.4. Fire Separations

(See Construction Detail "SBS | Fire Separation Joint" and "SBS | Fire Separation Wall")

  1. Fire separation walls and joints
    1. must be designed to conform to the “British Columbia Fire Code” and “British Columbia Building Code”,
    2. shall incorporate non-combustible insulation where condensation control is desirable, and
    3. shall specify the methods by which roofing materials will be affixed to the firewall (this includes the securement of linear metal flashings).

10.1.4.5. Doors, Windows, and Wall Openings

(Ref. Construction Detail "Low Door Opening")

  1. Rough openings formed or framed in walls to accommodate doors, windows, curtain-wall assemblies, or other penetrations (i.e., ventilation grilles), should be oversized to allow for the build-up of roof system flashing membrane.
  2. Low-clearance openings (rough openings less than 203.2 mm (8") in height, measured from the finished roof system surface)
    1. should be avoided, particularly when designing a roof to support any type of overburden (i.e., a vegetated roof system) , and
    2. are not recommended because of their propensity to leak (a leak through a low opening is not covered by a RoofStar Guarantee) .
  3. When a low-clearance opening is unavoidable or specified (i.e., to comply with Code for level access and egress) ,
    1. the roof must be sloped away from the opening,
    2. the rough opening shall not be less than 101.6 mm (4") above the drainage plane and must be waterproofed in keeping with the requirements in Article 10.3.4.5.,
    3. the drainage plane must be free of obstructions and materials capable of displacing water,
    4. the low-clearance opening should be protected by an overhang wherever practical, to minimize water intrusion that occurs from wind-driven rain or from snow accumulation, and
    5. the opening must be protected by an overflow drain,
      1. situated on the same roof area as the low-clearance opening,
      2. located at least 25.4 mm (1") below the elevation of the rough opening, and
      3. conforming to the spacing and capacities required by the "National Plumbing Code of Canada", Division B, Article 2.4.10.4. (See also Article 11.1.3.1., "Principles of Design").
  4. When the building interior transitions to an accessible roof surface through a flush door opening,
    1. the design shall conform to the requirements in this Part, and to Article 14.1.3.11., and
    2. the membrane installed over the rough opening sill must be protected from abrasion damage as described in Sentence 10.3.4.5.(6) below .

10.1.5. Reserved

10.1.6. Expansion and Control Joints

(The requirements in Subsection 10.1.3., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following Articles)

10.1.6.1. Expansion Joints

(See Note A-10.1.6.1.)

  1. The design and placement of structural expansion joints is the responsibility of the Design Authority, but they must be considered wherever
    1. expansion or contraction joints are provided in the structural assembly,
    2. differential movement between structural components may occur (i.e., where a wall and the deck are separately supported, or
    3. seismic movement is anticipated.
  2. The location of expansion joints must be clearly indicated on the drawings, drawn in detail, and included in the specifications.
  3. Expansion joints must be designed as a divided, raised structure, to achieve a minimum height of 203.2 mm (8"), measured from the finished roof system surface.
  4. The expansion joint assembly, which permits movement between the two sides of the expansion joint structure,
    1. shall be the work of others unless specified as part of the Contractor's scope of work (Ref. Construction Detail "Expansion Joint (Field)"),
    2. shall be located at the high point of the drainage plane (the direction of drainage must be away from an expansion joint),
    3. shall not be used as a pathway for drainage, either through or over the expansion joint assembly,
    4. must be designed as a raised divider that incorporates a sloped top surface,
    5. may utilize an elastomeric expansion system (see Article 10.3.6.1.), and
    6. must have a designed height no less than 203.2 mm (8") when measured from the finished roof system surface.
  5. The minimum height of an expansion joint may be reduced to 127 mm (5") if the primary roof membrane flashing is sealed to a self-supporting purpose-made elastomeric expansion joint system.
  6. Proprietary elastomeric expansion joint systems, provided by others and manufactured with an EPDM-based core and flanges that can be fully bonded to the primary membrane, are not covered by a RoofStar Guarantee (unless expressly accepted by the Guarantor and listed in Division C) but may be incorporated as part of the roof system provided the elastomeric expansion joint system is
    1. specified for installation on a divided, raised structure,
    2. specified for installation at least 203.2 mm (8") above the finished roof system surface,
    3. compatible with the roof membrane and acceptable to the manufacturer,
    4. designed and manufactured to accommodate building movements of at least 500% elongation at -40°C (-40°F) across its length and at all vulcanized points,
    5. factory-fabricated by means of vulcanization,
    6. manufactured as one piece, complete with all joints, details, and connections, and
    7. completely protected from damage with sloped linear metal flashing.

10.1.6.2. Control Joints (Roof Dividers)

(See Note A-10.1.6.2.; also see Article 10.3.6.2.)

  1. The Design Authority is responsible
    1. to determine the need for control joints (roof dividers), and
    2. to specify their location and design.
  2. The Design Authority must consider specifying control joints
    1. when a single roof area exceed 61 m (approx. 200’) in length and the membrane is limited in its flexibility (consult the manufacturer for their recommendations),
    2. for buildings in climate zones with significant seasonal temperature swings,
    3. where an addition joins an existing building,
    4. where the deck type changes (i.e., steel transitions to wood),
    5. where insulation in the roof system changes thickness,
    6. where the roof deck changes in elevation, and
    7. when interior heating conditions change.
  3. Specified and detailed control joints should be located at the high points of the roof, so that water drains away from both sides of the divider and is not impeded by it.
  4. Control joints must be
    1. constructed as a raised divider,
    2. sloped on the top face,
    3. fabricated with a minimum height of 203.2 mm (8"), measured from the finished roof system surface, but this may be reduced to a height of 101.6 mm (4”) if the control joint is fully enveloped in no fewer than two plies of sheet membrane flashing, or to 127 mm (5”) if capped with linear metal flashing (Ref. Article 12.1.3.4. concerning sleepers), and
    4. waterproofed in keeping the requirements in Article 10.3.2.3., together with the manufacturer’s published specifications for the detail.
  5. Unless otherwise approved by the Guarantor, control joints must be specified to divide a new roof system (addition) from existing roof systems (Ref. Article 1.1.4.5.).

10.1.7. Intersections with Other Roof Systems

(The requirements in Subsection 10.1.3., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following Articles)

10.1.7.1. Intersections with Water-shedding Roofs

  1. Intersections with water-shedding roofs must be designed according to the requirements in Article 10.3.7.2.

10.1.7.2. Intersections with Membrane Gutters

  1. Refer to Article 11.1.4.3.

10.1.8. Alternative Approaches for Membrane Flashing

(The requirements in Subsection 10.1.3., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following Articles)

10.1.8.1. Specifying Hazard-reduction Strategies

  1. The Design Authority should consider alternatives to heat-applied materials when the application process involves Hot Work (Ref. Article 1.1.3.5.) and the substrate to which they will be applied is combustible, or when nearby structures, openings, or materials, present a fire hazard; in the alternative, choose a suitable separation or overlay material as protection from open flame.
  2. Self-adhering or adhesive-applied membranes as alternatives to heat-applied membranes are acceptable to the Guarantor and must also be acceptable to the manufacturer.
  3. The application of materials to a combustible surface, using a torch, is strictly prohibited (Refer to Sub-section 10.3.8., "Alternative Approaches to Sheet Membrane Flashing", for application requirements).

Section 10.2. Materials

(See Division C, "Accepted Materials")

10.2.1. Material Properties

10.2.1.1. Flashing Membranes

  1. Sheet membranes used to flash the intersection of the roof field and perimeter walls must conform to the membrane requirements found in Article 9.2.1.1.
  2. When waterproofing a tall parapet above the primary membrane roof system is specified as part of the Contractor's scope of work (Ref. Article 10.1.4.3. and Article 10.3.4.3.), the membrane shall
    1. be compatible with the primary membrane,
    2. be self-adhering,
    3. be declared suitable for the application by the manufacturer (see Note A-10.2.1.1.(2)(3)),
    4. possess properties consistent with the design and characteristics of the wall assembly,
    5. possess a high softening point and a minimum flow temperature of 87.7°C (190°F) (ASTM D5147, "Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Modified Bituminous Sheet Material") and
    6. have a thickness no less than 1 mm (.040”).
  3. Some membranes may be susceptible to damage from bird droppings, pet urine, and chemical contamination (oils, solvents, or any discharge from a mechanical unit), and therefore they should be protected using measures designed in consultation with the manufacturer.
  4. Fleece-reinforced liquid membrane flashing systems must be accepted by the Guarantor and proprietary to, or accepted by, the manufacturer.

10.2.1.2. Linear Metal Flashing

  1. Linear metal flashing incorporated into roof perimeters and walls must conform to the materials and fabrication requirements in Part 13, "Linear Metal Flashing".

10.2.1.3. Reserved

10.2.1.4. Sealants

  1. Sealants applied to linear metal flashing, where sheet membrane flashing is terminated, shall conform to the requirements in Article 13.2.1.4.

10.2.2. Securement Materials

10.2.2.1. Fasteners

  1. Where fasteners are used in the roof system
    1. to secure waterproofing materials, they shall conform to the requirements in Article 3.2.2.1.
    2. to secure linear metal flashings, they shall conform to the requirements in Article 13.2.1.4.

Section 10.3. Application

10.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements

10.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.

10.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee.

10.3.2. All Systems

10.3.2.1. Substrate Preparation

  1. All wall surfaces to which roofing materials must be installed (including Concrete Masonry Unit (CMU)) shall be
    1. prepared in like manner to the roof deck (Ref. Article 9.3.2.1.) and declared suitable by the manufacturer, or
    2. covered with a RoofStar-accepted overlay panel conforming to the material requirements in Article 5.2.1.3. and installed to conform to Article 5.3.2.5.

10.3.2.2. Material Preparation

  1. Membrane flashing shall be prepared following the manufacturer's published requirements.

10.3.2.3. General Application Requirements for Perimeters and Walls

  1. All changes in plane in the roof assembly must be waterproofed with a material acceptable to the Guarantor.
  2. Projects must follow proper sequencing so that materials, systems, or assemblies, installed by the Contractor correctly interface with materials, systems, or assemblies installed by other trades, to establish or preserve continuity and ensure positive waterproofing connections (overlapping, “shingle fashion”).
  3. When coordination with other trades requires some adaptation to the requirements in this Standard, any variance to proper detail sequencing must be approved in writing by the Design Authority.
  4. All sheet membrane flashing must
    1. satisfy the minimum requirements in Article 9.2.1.1.,
    2. be fully bonded to the field membrane and to an acceptable perimeter substrate,
    3. be installed to conform to the manufacturer's published instructions,
    4. be installed in strips the width of the membrane roll (the machine direction of the membrane must be oriented vertically); the exception to this may be membranes installed with hot bitumen (See Note A-10.3.2.3.(4)),
    5. be installed from the low point of the roof (for positive laps toward the drain),
    6. offset field membrane runs by at least 304.8 mm (12"),
    7. provide at least 203.2 mm (8") of two-ply coverage on a vertical surface, immediately above the finished roof system surface,
    8. be installed without fish-mouths or wrinkles,
    9. be hand-rolled with a manufacturer’s accepted roller and fully bonded to an acceptable, prepared substrate,
    10. be reinforced at all inside and outside corners with membrane gussets, measuring at least 101.6 mm x 152.4 mm (4” x 6”), excluding the tapered ends,
    11. wrap onto the outside face of a parapet or roof edge, and extend downward to overlap any cold joint by at least 50.8 mm (2”),
    12. overlap any wall membranes or finishes by at least 50.8 mm (2”), and shall
    13. underlap any wall membranes or finishes by at least 76.2 mm (3").
  5. Base sheet membrane flashing plies shall
    1. extend onto the field by at least 101.6 mm (4") or extend at least 101.6 mm (4") past perimeter mechanical fastener plates installed on the field,
    2. be fully bonded at the seams, along all exposed edges, and
    3. be finished and “buttered” before the end of the working day, with a torch or hot-air welder.
  6. Cap sheet membrane flashing plies must
    1. extend onto the field at least 152.4 mm (6"), or at least 50.8 mm (2”) past the edge of the base membrane flashing,
    2. be fully bonded at the seams, along all exposed edges, and
    3. exhibit continuous visible bitumen bleed-out along seam edges, to a maximum of 6.35 mm (1/4”), accomplished with a torch or hot-air welder.
  7. When sheet membrane flashing is carried up a vertical surface more than 606.9 mm (24"), and the membrane will be left exposed to the weather, the membrane shall be mechanically secured to the roof-side face of the wall at a reasonable interval between the roof field and the upper termination of the membrane.
  8. When mechanical securement of membrane flashing is required, it shall be fastened only on the vertical plane to minimize the possibility of leaks.
  9. Low-clearance openings in walls (rough openings less than 203.2 mm (8") in height, measured from the finished roof system surface) are permissible provided they conform to the requirements in Article 10.3.4.5.
  10. The upper termination of sheet membrane installed on the vertical plane must be protected from damage, and from water intrusion,
    1. with linear metal flashing installed in keeping with Article 13.3.2.1., "General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing", or
    2. with a wall finish installed by others.
  11. When sheet membrane flashing is terminated on a vertical surface, it must be secured at its upper termination using
    1. Option 1 ( Figure 10.3.2.3.-A ), in which the upper edges of fully adhered sheet membrane flashing plies shall be protected and secured with overlapping adhered or self-adhered wall membranes and exterior sheathing,
    2. Option 2 ( Figure 10.3.2.3.-B ), where the upper edges of fully adhered sheet membrane flashing plies must be sealed, and mechanically secured to the wall substrate, with a RoofStar-accepted reinforced 2-component catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) liquid membrane flashing (Ref. Article 10.3.3.4., "Liquid Membrane Flashing"),
    3. Option 3 ( Figure 10.3.2.3.-C ), where
      1. the upper edges of fully adhered sheet membrane flashing plies shall be mechanically secured to the wall with a termination bar,
      2. an acceptable sealant shall be applied along the upper edge of the termination bar,
      3. the sealed termination bar shall be covered with a secondary linear metal counter-flashing installed in a cut reglet (groove), and
      4. an acceptable sealant shall be applied along the upper edge of the cut reglet flashing,
    4. Option 4 ( Figure 10.3.2.3.-D ), in which
      1. the upper edges of fully adhered sheet membrane flashing plies must be mechanically secure the membrane to the wall with a termination bar or metal flashing,
      2. an acceptable sealant shall be applied along the upper edge of the termination bar or metal flashing,
      3. the sealed termination bar or flashing shall be covered with a secondary "surface reglet" flashing secured against the surface of the wall, and
      4. an acceptable sealant shall be applied along the upper receiving edge of the "surface reglet", or
    5. Option 5 ( Figure 10.3.2.3.-E ), in which
      1. the upper edges of fully adhered sheet membrane flashing plies shall be mechanically secured to the wall with a linear metal counter-flashing ("surface reglet"),
      2. an acceptable sealant shall be applied along the upper edge of the counter-flashing,
      3. the sealed counter-flashing shall be covered with a secondary "surface reglet" flashing secured against the surface of the wall, and
      4. an acceptable sealant shall be applied along the upper receiving edge of the "surface reglet".
  12. When sheet membrane turned up the vertical plane is mechanically secured with a termination bar or a metal flashing, fasteners must be spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12”) O.C.
  13. When a second metal flashing is installed to protect a termination bar or flashing used to secure the sheet membrane flashing, it may be fastened no more than 609.6 mm (24”) O.C., provided the linear metal flashing maintains continuous contact with the substrate.
  14. When closer fastener spacing is required by the manufacturer, the wall must be constructed or modified to facilitate solid fastener securement.
  15. Where a roof allows water to freely drain off the edge, and the roof adjoins a wall, a cricket or diverter should be installed at the roof edge to prevent water intrusion behind wall finishes.
  16. EIFS walls that must be cut to permit membrane replacement work must be restored with back-wrapped mesh, a base coat, and a finish coat, or with another method that is equal or superior.


Figure 10.3.2.3.-A
Membrane Termination on Wall
Option 1
Forming Part of
Clause 10.3.2.3.(9)(1)(1)
(Click to expand) 		Figure 10.3.2.3.-B
Membrane Termination on Wall
Option 2
Forming Part of
Clause 10.3.2.3.(9)(2)
(Click to expand) 		Figure 10.3.2.3.-C
Membrane Termination on Wall
Option 3
Forming Part of
Clause 10.3.2.3.(9)(3)
(Click to expand) 		Figure 10.3.2.3.-D
Membrane Termination on Wall
Option 4
Forming Part of
Clause 10.3.2.3.(9)(4)
(Click to expand) 		Figure 10.3.2.3.-E
Membrane Termination on Wall
Option 5
Forming Part of
Clause 10.3.2.3.(9)(5)
(Click to expand)
SBS Figure 10.3.2.-A.png SBS Figure 10.3.2.-B.png SBS Figure 10.3.2.-C.png SBS Figure 10.3.2.-D.png SBS Figure 10.3.2.-E.png

10.3.2.4. Protection of Membranes

  1. All installed membranes must be protected from splashed or dripped primer (applicable to all trades).
  2. Membrane flashing must be protected from damage caused by UV radiation, foot traffic, or shifting coverings, using a linear metal flashing (i.e., base flashing) or other methods acceptable to the Guarantor.
  3. Protection materials shall be installed as required in Article 9.3.2.7.
  4. When an integrity scan is not required because the conditions in Article 1.1.3.3. have been satisfied, the Contractor shall nevertheless protect installed field membranes and membrane flashing, immediately after installation, with RoofStar-accepted membrane protection materials.

10.3.3. Additional Requirements for Membrane Flashing

(The requirements in Subsection 10.3.2., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following Articles)

10.3.3.1. Torch-applied Membranes

  1. The application of an open flame to combustible surfaces is not permitted.
  2. All combustible surfaces, including (without limitation) decks, walls, blocking, or canted edges, must be protected from open flame by an acceptable separation or overlay material.
  3. When the base membrane flashing is torch-applied, all overlay board joints and wall transitions must be sealed with the primary membrane manufacturer’s approved self-adhered membrane or tapes, or follow the methodologies in Sub-section 10.3.8., "Alternative Approaches to Sheet Membrane Flashing".

10.3.3.2. Self-adhered and Cold Processed Membranes

  1. Self-adhered membranes must be installed on a clean, uncontaminated surface.
  2. All self-adhered and cold processed sheet membrane flashing that terminates on the vertical plane must be mechanically secured.
  3. When self-adhered or cold-processed base sheet membrane flashing overlaps granule-surfaced cap sheet membrane flashing, the overlap shall be no less than 76.2 mm (3"), granules on the cap sheet membrane must be embedded to expose bitumen, and the overlap must be continuously sealed to comply with the requirements in Article 9.3.3.1.

10.3.3.3. Adhesive-applied and Hot Asphalt-applied Membranes

  1. Self-adhered membranes must be installed on a clean, uncontaminated surface.
  2. Hot asphalt-applied sheet membrane installed on a vertical plane must conform to the manufacturer's installation specifications, using the manufacturer's accepted Type 3 or 4 oxidized asphalt or Type 3 or 4 SEBS modified asphalt.
  3. Asphalt temperature must conform to the membrane manufacturer's minimum application temperature; a minimum application temperature of 205°C (400°F) is required.
  4. When hot asphalt is used to adhere membrane flashing (stripping), metal base flashing is required on all vertical surfaces, walls, curbs, etc. (also see Article 13.3.2.3., "Cap Flashing, Counter-flashing, and Reglet Flashing")

10.3.3.4. Liquid Membrane Flashing

  1. Two-component fleece-reinforced catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) liquid membrane flashing systems must be accepted by the Guarantor and listed in Division C, and
    1. may be used
      1. on the drainage plane,
      2. where sheet membrane flashing may not be practical or even possible,
      3. to terminate the top edge of sheet membrane flashing,
      4. for sheet membrane reinforcement (i.e., at corners),
      5. where abrasion resistance is desirable,
      6. where resistance to sheet membrane contamination is necessary, or
      7. where the Design Authority specifies its application.
    2. must be compatible with the primary sheet membrane flashing.
  2. For all applications,
    1. the substrate must be clean, dry, free of contaminants, and primed, as directed by the flashing system manufacturer,
    2. a base layer of catalyzed liquid membrane resin must be applied within the area masked for coverage,
    3. the base coating must be reinforced with the manufacturer’s fleece, cut to size so that the fleece is set in from the masked area no more than 3.18 mm (1/8”),
    4. the fleece must be fully saturated with liquid, following the published instructions from the manufacturer, and
    5. the embedded fleece must be coated with a second application of catalyzed liquid membrane resin, covering the masked area.
  3. On vertical sheet membrane terminations, the liquid membrane flashing system shall provide no less than 50.8 mm (2") coverage, both above and below the sheet membrane termination.
  4. Application rates and guidelines issued by the manufacturer of the liquid flashing product must be followed, unless superseded by these requirements (Ref. Figure 12.3.2.-A).
  5. Where a fleece-reinforced 2-component catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or polyurethane methyl methacrylate (PUMA) liquid membrane flashing system serves as a substitute for sheet membrane flashing, the reinforced liquid membrane flashing system must extend at least 203.2 mm (8”) up the vertical plane, and no less than 203.2 mm (8") onto the horizontal field plane.
  6. When a granule surface or textured finish is specified, the granules or texturing material must be broadcast into a third coat.

10.3.4. Perimeter Details, High Walls, and Openings

(The requirements in Subsection 10.3.2., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following Articles)

10.3.4.1. Parapets

  1. All standard parapets (609.6 mm (24”) or less in height)
    1. must be completely waterproofed with membrane flashing conforming to the minimum requirements in Article 9.2.1.1. and installed to conform to Article 10.3.2.3., and
    2. shall be waterproofed
      1. with sheet membrane oriented vertically on the inside surface,
      2. on the roof-side (inside) surface with two plies of membrane that terminate on the roof field as required in Article 10.3.2.3., and
      3. on the top and outside surface with at least one ply of membrane.
  2. Membrane flashing applied to parapet walls must be fully bonded to the entire surface of the parapet (Ref. Article 13.3.2.3.(4)).
  3. Coping that is part of the roof system must be continuously waterproofed as part of the roof system, even if the coping is flashed separately from the parapet wall.
  4. All membrane flashing bonded to a parapet coping shall continue over the top and extend down the outside face of the coping, overlapping any joint at least 50.8 mm (2”).
  5. Notwithstanding Sentence (1), a standard parapet may be flashed with base sheet membrane using the alternate method described below, but this method is permissible only if allowed in writing by the manufacturer, and only if installed as follows:
    1. Base sheet flashing plies shall be installed on the inside surface of the parapet as required in Sentence (1) and shall terminate at the top inside edge, where each ply must be mechanically secured (see Construction Detail “SBS | Typical”).
    2. Membrane applied across the top of the parapet may be oriented with the “machine direction” parallel to the long axis of the parapet, but the membrane
      1. must be a base membrane satisfying the minimum requirements in Article 9.2.1.1. and shall be compatible with all other membranes installed on the parapet,
      2. shall overlap the vertical plies of base sheet membrane flashing at least 50.8 mm (2”), and
      3. shall overlap the outside surface of the parapet, and any joints between the coping and the wall, as required in Article 10.3.2.3.
  6. Regardless of parapet height, no fewer than two plies of sheet membrane flashing shall be carried up the inside face of the parapet at least 203.2 mm (8") above the finished roof system surface.
  7. A tall parapet (taller than 609.6 mm (24”), nominal)
    1. shall be waterproofed in keeping with the requirements in Article 10.3.4.3., and
    2. must be waterproofed with at least one ply of base sheet membrane flashing applied continuously across the top face, extending down both the inside surface and the exterior face of the parapet by at least 50.8 mm (2”), as required in Article 10.3.2.3.
  8. Where a parapet intersects with a higher wall, water must be directed to the outer surface of the wall by flashing the union with
    1. an acceptable SBS-modified bituminous sheet membrane flashing,
    2. membrane gussets at the corners, and
    3. a metal saddle assembly.
  9. When a parapet is capped with a pre-cast concrete or stone coping,
    1. the membrane over the top of the parapet must be drilled by others to receive dowels,
    2. the dowels must be installed by others, and
    3. the dowels must be sealed by the Contractor, following the requirements in Article 14.3.2.7., Sentences 6 and 7, for sealing dowels installed in pre-curbs.

10.3.4.2. Low Profile Edges

  1. Metal edge flashings must be
    1. supported over a solid substrate,
    2. installed after application of the base field membrane, which must wrap onto the outside face of the roof edge and extend downward to overlap any cold joint by at least 50.8 mm (2”),
    3. embedded in a membrane-compatible mastic or sealant,
    4. fastened to the roof structure with mechanical fasteners spaced 203.2 mm (8”) O.C. in offsetting rows, (Ref. Article 13.3.2.1.),
    5. joined to each other with lap joints measuring at least 101.6 mm (4”), each joint sealed with butyl or gunnable sealant,
    6. cleaned and prepared to receive membrane,
    7. primed with the manufacturer's accepted primer, unless specified otherwise by the manufacturer,
    8. sealed to the base membrane, which must extend
      1. at least 101.6 mm (4") onto the metal flashing, and at least 50.8 mm (2”) past the fasteners, and
      2. at least 101.6 mm (4”) onto the field membrane, and
    9. finished with the field cap membrane
      1. which must extend to cover the base membrane, and
      2. which must be sealed along the exposed edge with an un-tooled bead of membrane-compatible mastic.
  2. Existing and new canted edges must be
    1. made of wood, and
    2. flashed with sheet membrane in keeping with the requirements in Article 10.3.2.3.

10.3.4.3. Tall Parapets

( See Figure 10.3.4.3.-A )

  1. Sheet membranes installed on a tall parapet, above the termination of primary roof membrane flashing,
    1. shall conform to the material requirements in Article 10.2.1.1.,
    2. must be applied with the methodology prescribed by the manufacturer,
    3. shall positively overlap the primary sheet membrane flashing by at least 50.8 mm (2”),
    4. shall underlap sheet membrane flashing installed to cover the top of a parapet by at least 50.8 mm (2"), and
    5. shall be protected from UV radiation with a metal flashing, cladding or another wall covering.
  2. The application of membrane over the coping of a tall parapet shall conform to the manufacturer’s prescribed methodologies but may be installed parallel to the long axis of the parapet as permitted in Article 10.3.4.1.(2) for a standard parapet, provided the conditions therein are satisfied.


Figure 10.3.4.3.-A Membrane Application on Tall Parapet
Forming Part of Sentence 10.3.4.3.(1)
(Click to expand illustration)
SBS Figure 10.3.4.-C.png

10.3.4.4. Fire Separations

(For reference, see Construction Detail "SBS | Fire Separation Joint" and "SBS | Fire Separation Wall")

  1. Fire separation walls and joints
    1. shall conform to the specified design,
    2. shall be waterproofed in keeping with the requirements in this Part,
    3. shall not incorporate combustible materials over the top of the joint or wall,
    4. shall be offset from metal cap flashing joints (in the alternative, soldered standing seams or a water channel clip may be used when joints align; see Construction Detail "SBS | Fire Separation Wall"),
    5. shall exclusively utilize s-locks and concealed continuous clips for securing linear metal flashing to a firewall face, and
    6. shall utilize only standing seam joints for linear metal cap flashings.

10.3.4.5. Doors, Windows, and Wall Openings

(See Figure 10.3.4.5.-A)

  1. Rough openings formed or framed in walls to accommodate doors, windows, curtain-wall assemblies, or other penetrations (i.e., ventilation grilles), must be waterproofed before the door, window, curtain-wall, or another assembly is installed.
  2. All rough openings must be suitable for the application of sheet membrane flashing or reinforced liquid membrane flashing systems, and any work to render surfaces suitable shall be performed by others.
  3. Low-clearance openings (rough openings less than 203.2 mm (8") in height, measured from the finished roof system surface) must be flashed using methods described in this Article; curtain-wall openings may be flashed using a modified metal water-stop flashing method by eliminating the metal water-stop flashing, provided the remaining required work is executed by the Contractor.
  4. Membranes used for this application must conform to the material requirements in Article 10.2.1.1., "Flashing Membranes".
  5. In all methods described in this Article, low-clearance openings must be pre-flashed with no less than one ply of base sheet membrane
    1. lapped over the field membrane in keeping with requirements found elsewhere in this Part,
    2. carried over the top face of the rough opening, and
    3. carried vertically above the sill, at least 101.6 mm (4").
  6. Regardless of the method described below, the membrane installed over the rough opening sill must be protected from abrasion damage with
    1. a full-coverage pre-manufactured threshold step (by others) ,
    2. a full-coverage metal flashing, supplied and installed by the Contractor, or
    3. fleece-reinforced PMMA, coated with an abrasion-resistant coating proprietary to the PMMA manufacturer .
  7. When the metal water-stop flashing method is specified,
    1. all corners must be reinforced with compatible membrane gussets, and.
    2. the metal water-stop flashing must be
      1. fabricated to fit the full width of the opening,
      2. fashioned with a water dam upstand measuring at least 25.4 mm (1”) in height,
      3. installed over the sill membrane,
      4. embedded in a membrane-compatible mastic or sealant,
      5. mechanically attached to the sill, and
      6. sealed to the rough opening with an additional ply of membrane flashing.
  8. When the metal sill-pan flashing method is specified, a single-piece metal pan sill flashing must be
    1. fabricated to fit snugly inside the rough opening,
    2. folded, welded, or soldered in the corners,
    3. fashioned with a water dam upstand measuring at least 25.4 mm (1”) in height,
    4. fabricated with 101.6 mm (4”) high flanges that cover the insides of the rough opening and wrap around the outside face of the wall at least 101.6 mm (4”),
    5. installed over the pre-flashing membrane and embedded in a membrane-compatible mastic or sealant,
    6. mechanically attached to both the outside and inside faces of the rough door opening, and
    7. sealed to the rough opening with an additional ply or coating of membrane flashing.
  9. When clearances preclude the use of either the metal water-stop flashing method or the metal sill-pan flashing method, the rough opening may be flashed using reinforced liquid membrane flashing.
  10. When a reinforced liquid membrane flashing method is specified,
    1. the rough opening must be flashed using the metal water-stop method,
    2. the metal water-stop flashing must be sealed to the pre-flashing base membrane using an accepted liquid membrane flashing system,
    3. the inside faces of the rough opening must be flashed with reinforced liquid membrane flashing, ensuring an overlap with the membrane on the sill at least 50.8 mm (2”),
    4. liquid membrane flashing must extend up the inside faces of the rough opening at least 101.6 mm (4”), and
    5. the liquid membrane flashing system must be applied following the requirements in Article 10.3.3.4.
  11. Overflow drains must
    1. be installed on the roof area adjacent any rough low-clearance opening,
    2. be located at least 25.4 mm (1") below a rough low-clearance opening, and
    3. conform to the spacing and capacities required by the "National Plumbing Code of Canada", Division B, Article 2.4.10.4. (See also Article 11.1.3.1., "Principles of Design").


Figure 10.3.4.5.-A Low Door Opening
Forming Part of Article 10.3.4.5.
(Click to open related Construction Detail)
SBS Low Door Opening.jpg

10.3.5. Reserved

10.3.6. Expansion and Control Joints

(The requirements in Subsection 10.3.2., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following Articles)

10.3.6.1. Expansion Joints

  1. Expansion joints, which are framed and sheathed by others, must be
    1. sloped toward the roof surface on the top face of each side,
    2. waterproofed as shown in Construction Detail "Expansion Joint (Field)", with methods and materials conforming to the requirements in Article 9.3.2.3., and with the manufacturer’s published specifications for the detail, and
    3. covered with 2-part linear metal flashings (counter-flashing and cap flashing) that permit multi-directional movement in the joint.
  2. When proprietary elastomeric expansion joint systems are specified, the bond between the sheet membrane flashing and the expansion joint system must be acceptable to both the manufacturer and the supplier of the expansion joint system (Ref. Article 10.1.6.1. for design requirements).
  3. Field splicing of proprietary elastomeric expansion joints is permissible only when made with a machine acceptable to the expansion joint manufacturer.

10.3.6.2. Control Joints (Roof Dividers)

  1. Control joints must be waterproofed in keeping the requirements in Article 10.3.2.3., together with the manufacturer’s published specifications for the detail.

10.3.7. Intersections with Other Roof Systems

(The requirements in Subsection 10.3.2., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following Articles)

10.3.7.1. Compatibility of Materials

  1. Where two roof systems intersect, materials must be compatible with each other, or must be separated from contact by an intermediate separation layer.

10.3.7.2. Intersections with Water-Shedding Roofs

(See Note A-10.3.7.2. )

  1. When a waterproofing roof system transitions down a slope onto a lower water-shedding roof system, the waterproofing membrane must lap over the water-shedding roof system by no less than 50.8 mm (2").
  2. When a waterproofing roof system transitions up a slope and underlaps a water-shedding roof system,
    1. sheet membrane flashing must extend up the water-shedding roof system slope at least
      1. 152.4 mm (6”), plus at least 76.2 mm (3”) for the overlap by the water-shedding roof system, when measured vertically from the maximum water level, and
      2. 304.8 mm (12”) plus at least 76.2 mm (3”) for the overlap by the water-shedding roof system, when measured vertically from the maximum water level, in regions with typical heavy snow,
    2. the termination of the waterproofing roof system sheet membrane flashing on the slope must be mechanically secured, separately from the water-shedding roof system, and
    3. the overlapping of adjoining roof system materials must conform to the requirements for the specific water-shedding roof system.

10.3.7.3. Intersections with Membrane Gutters

  1. Refer to the requirements in Article 11.3.3.8.

10.3.8. Alternative Approaches to Sheet Membrane Flashing

(The requirements in Subsection 10.3.2., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following Articles)

10.3.8.1. General

  1. When field membranes or flashing plies are heat-welded, or when construction sequencing requires strategies for mitigating fire risk, the Contractor is responsible to assess risks and should consider the means and methods in Article 10.3.8.2. and Article 10.3.8.3.

10.3.8.2. Pre-flashing

  1. Before installing the base field membrane, self-adhering or adhesive-applied base membrane flashing (“pre-flashing”) must be applied to both vertical surfaces and to a suitable substrate on the roof field ( Figure 10.3.8.2.-A ).
  2. Base membrane flashings must be finished and “buttered” at the joints using a hot-air welder, and must extend
    1. no less than 101.6 mm (4”) onto the roof field,
    2. the full height of a parapet less than 606.9 mm (24") in height, and
    3. no less than 203.2 mm (8”) on all other vertical surfaces.
  3. The ends of field membrane runs that are applied after base membrane flashing must continue up the face of the wall or parapet at least 101.6 mm (4”) ( Figure 10.3.8.2.-B ).
  4. Additional base membrane flashing must be installed along the lengths of base field membranes, applied to the vertical surface and onto the roof field at least 101.6 mm (4”) ( Figure 10.3.8.2.-C ).
  5. Cap field and flashing membranes must be installed in keeping with General Application standards ( Figure 10.3.8.2.-D ).


Figure 10.3.8.2.-A
Membrane Pre-Flashing
Step 1
Forming Part of
Sentence 10.3.8.2.(1)
(Click to expand) 		Figure 10.3.8.2.-B
Membrane Pre-Flashing
Step 2
Forming Part of
Sentence 10.3.8.2.(3)
(Click to expand) 		Figure 10.3.2.3.-C
Membrane Pre-Flashing
Step 3
Forming Part of
Sentence 10.3.8.2.(4)
(Click to expand) 		Figure 10.3.2.3.-D
Membrane Pre-Flashing
Step 4
Forming Part of
Sentence 10.3.8.2.(5)
(Click to expand)
SBS Figure 10.3.8.-A.png SBS Figure 10.3.8.-B.png SBS Figure 10.3.8.-C.png SBS Figure 10.3.8.-D.png

10.3.8.3. Picture-framing

  1. Before installing the base field membrane, the Contractor must “picture-frame” the field area adjacent sensitive perimeters (walls, curbs, or other details), using self-adhering or adhesive-applied membranes applied to a suitable substrate on the roof field.
  2. Picture-framing must be at least 1.5 m (58 ½”) wide, beginning with a half-width sheet installed along the sensitive perimeter ( Figure 10.3.8..3.-A ).
  3. Perimeters must be flashed with self-adhering or adhesive-applied membrane base flashing; base membrane flashing plies must extend
    1. no less than 101.6 mm (4”) onto the roof field,
    2. the full height of a parapet less than 606.9 mm (24") in height, and
    3. no less than 203.2 mm (8”) on all other vertical surfaces.
  4. Field base membrane runs must be installed and tied into the “picture frame” following the requirements in this Standard for side and end laps (Ref. Article 9.3.2.3.).
  5. Standard application of cap field membrane runs must be carried no closer than 1 m (39”) of the wall or parapet ( Figure 10.3.8.3.-B ).
  6. Self-adhering or adhesive-applied cap membranes must be applied to complete the field; side and end laps must be heat-sealed with a hot-air welder.
  7. Self-adhered or adhesive-applied cap membrane flashing must be applied to parapets or walls, in keeping with requirements in this Part for membrane flashing, and side and end laps shall be heat-sealed with a hot-air welder.
  8. All other applicable requirements in this Standard remain unaltered by this methodology.


Figure 10.3.8.3.-A
Membrane Picture-Framing
Base Membrane Stage
Forming Part of
Sentence 10.3.8.3.(2)
(Click to expand) 		Figure 10.3.8.3.-B
Membrane Picture-Framing
Cap Membrane Stage
Forming Part of
Sentence 10.3.8.3.(5)
(Click to expand)
SBS Figure 10.3.8.-E.png SBS Figure 10.3.8.-F.png

Part 11 - Drainage

Section 11.1. Design

11.1.1. General

11.1.1.1. Scope

  1. The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in Division A, Part 1.

11.1.1.2. Defined Terms

  1. Words that appear in italics are defined in the Glossary. Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part:
    1. Drain leader means "a pipe that is installed to carry storm water from a roof to a storm building drain or sewer or other place of disposal” ("British Columbia Plumbing Code", Division A, Article 1.4.1.2., "Defined Terms").
    2. Flanged insert drain means a primary roof drain
      1. with a flat, broad flange that encircles, and is manufactured from the same material as, the drain opening or bowl,
      2. that is spun or hot-welded (not cast),
      3. that typically is secured to the roof assembly with screw-type mechanical fasteners, and
      4. that is manufactured with a short length of drain pipe ("drain stem"), which is inserted into a drain leader and sealed against back-flow using a compression seal.
    3. Overflow drain ("overflow") means a secondary roof drain
      1. that serves as a safeguard when roof drains fail, and
      2. which may be located in the roof field (for example, as a secondary drain) or at the perimeter of the roof.
    4. Primary roof drain means the primary means of draining water from the roof.
    5. Roof drain means “A fitting or device that is installed in the roof to permit storm water to discharge into a leader.” ("British Columbia Plumbing Code", Division A, Article 1.4.1.2., "Defined Terms").
    6. Scupper drain ("Scupper") means an open or closed roof drain that conveys water laterally from one roof area to another, or from the roof directly to the exterior of the building.
    7. Secondary roof drain means a drain connected to a separate drainage system, typically situated at a higher elevation than a primary roof drain. An overflow drain is a type of secondary roof drain.

11.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements

11.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.

11.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, and shall
    1. incorporate overflow drains, designed for all roof areas, that are properly sized and spaced, in keeping with the building and plumbing codes having jurisdiction,
    2. incorporate only drains and overflows designed and equipped with clamping rings, and
    3. specify securement of the roof membrane with drain clamping rings or, when permitted by the manufacturer, a reinforced 2-component liquid membrane flashing, which must conform to the material and application requirements in this Standard.

11.1.2.3. RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee, the supporting roof assembly shall
    1. comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee, RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, or a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee,
    2. be acceptable to the manufacturer as support for a vegetated roof system, and
    3. comply with the related requirements in the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”.

11.1.3. All Systems

11.1.3.1. Principles of Design

  1. The Design Authority is responsible for the design of roof drainage and continuity of control layers, where these intersect with any part of the designed roof drainage system (Ref. Article 3.1.5.1.; also see Article 6.1.3.2.).
  2. The size (flow rate) of roof drains and overflows must be determined using the "British Columbia Building Code" and "British Columbia Plumbing Code", with attention given to both average and large rainfall events (for rainfall capacities, refer to the "British Columbia Building Code", Div. B, Appendix C, "Table C-2", which lists rainfall loads using specific reference locations throughout the province.
  3. Membrane gutters must be designed for their anticipated capacity, with consideration given to
    1. rainfall and snow load calculations for the building location,
    2. drain type, size, flow rate, and
    3. size and placement of the overflow drain.
  4. The Design Authority should coordinate the various disciplines (including, without limitation, mechanical (plumbing) and structural engineers) to calculate proper flow rates, head pressure, and structural supports, in anticipation of significant, short-duration rain events; consideration should be given to various design elements (listed without limitation)
    1. roof slope (more slope theoretically increases drainage and lessens live loading from rainfall) (Ref. Article 2.1.3.1., "General Requirements for Roof Slope"),
    2. rainfall rates for primary and overflow drainage,
    3. primary and overflow drain capacities,
    4. hydraulic head (pressure), and
    5. the location of the drainage plane (the drainage plane is not necessarily the same as the finished roof system surface, and the location of the drainage plane may affect the determination of live loads, which should be accounted for as part of drainage design).
  5. Roofs may drain off a roof edge, or by means of internal plumbing (both are permissible under the RoofStar Guarantee Program).
  6. When a roof is designed to drain off an edge, water may drain freely or be collected by means of an external or membrane gutter (See Article 11.1.4.3.) and drained onto a lower roof assembly.
  7. The membrane of the lower roof onto which drain water is directed must be protected from abrasion with splash pads.
  8. Roof drains should be situated in a depression, to compensate for the build-up of membrane at the edge of the drain assembly, which may impede drainage.
  9. When roofs are designed to drain through internal plumbing, drain sumps should be
    1. incorporated into a roof design whenever possible, to increase head pressure above primary roof drains,
    2. designed at least 1m x 1m (39” x 39”) in size (The depth of a sump is a function of insulation thickness; See Article 7.1.4.4.),
    3. designed with sloped insulation, and
    4. additionally reinforced around the perimeter using a reinforced 2-component liquid membrane flashing system, to enhance durability.
  10. All drains located at the level of the field membrane must be fully supported above the supporting deck structure.
  11. When a roof is fully or partially replaced, all flanged drains, scuppers, and overflows, together with internal drain-to-pipe compression seals, and seals exposed to water or ultraviolet light, must be replaced.
  12. If a flow control is present in an existing cast drain leader, the flow control should be reinstalled.
  13. Roofs that support overburden, and roofs that are secured with ballast, must be designed to incorporate a ballast guard that surrounds the drain and promotes proper drainage.
  14. Article 11.3.3.2.).

11.1.3.2. Roof Drain Function and Location

  1. Roof drains must be used only for draining water.
  2. Roof drains on new construction projects must be located at least 457.2 mm (18") away from any adjacent drain, penetration, upstand, edge, or wall (the separation space is measured between openings, excluding the flange), but this requirement does not apply to overflow drains, scupper drains, and membrane gutters (Ref. Article 11.3.3.7. for minimum requirements applicable to scuppers and overflows).
  3. Notwithstanding the requirements in Sentence (1), a cast iron roof drain with a sump receiver must be placed well away from any interference with drain securement.
  4. When a roof is replaced and existing roof drain do not comply with the spacing requirements in this Part, the Design Authority must submit a drawn detail for a review by the Guarantor; the detail must incorporate the following requirements and principles, together with requirements in Subsection 11.3.3:
    1. Specify sheet membrane flashing to seal in the drain to the field membrane (liquid membranes should be the last option).
    2. The membrane target patch properties, dimensions, and installation must conform to the requirements published in Subsection 11.3.3., but when it is not possible to seal the target patch in the horizontal plane (because of interference, for example by a wall or curb), the target patch membrane may be turned up a vertical surface, provided it extends past the edge of the drain flange (insert-type drain) or clamping ring (cast drain) at least 152.4 mm (6”).
    3. The flange on insert drains may not be trimmed.
    4. When a drain flange of an insert-type roof drain must be folded to conform to a wall or curb, specify the use an appropriate tool to bend the flange, to ensure the flange makes full contact with the supporting membrane.
    5. Wall membrane flashings must not terminate under the clamping ring of a cast drain.
    6. The clamping ring of a cast drain must be fully seated to ensure the drain will function properly.

11.1.4. Drains and Membrane Gutters

(The requirements for Subsection 11.1.3., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following Articles)

11.1.4.1. Cast-iron Roof Drains

  1. Only cast-iron roof drains, and existing external couplers used to connect drains to leaders, may be re-used for roof replacement projects.
  2. Drain extensions for cast-iron roof drains should be avoided, since the connection with the cast drain is not sealed; the result is a leak into the roof system.

11.1.4.2. Scuppers and Overflows

(See Note A-11.1.4.2.)

  1. A scupper drain may serve either as a primary roof drain or as a secondary drain.
  2. Where no overflows are specified, the building structure should be designed to carry the total load of water collected on the roof, in the event of primary roof drain failure.
  3. Overflows must be
    1. designed as open-wall scuppers for parapets measuring 152.4 mm (6”) or less in height (Ref. Construction Detail "Open-wall Scupper Drain"), or
    2. designed around the principles of a through-wall scupper when parapets are higher than 152.4 mm (6”) (Ref. Construction Detail "Through-wall Scupper Drain"), and (irrespective of design) shall be
      1. located no higher than 101.6 mm (4”) above the drainage plane,
      2. installed at least 25.4 mm (1”) lower than the lowest elevation of a door, window, or other low-clearance opening, to prevent water intrusion,
      3. situated so that they freely and visibly discharge storm water,
      4. protected with a ballast guard when the overflow is located below the finished roof system surface, and
      5. specified to conform to the spacing and capacities required by the "National Plumbing Code of Canada", Division B, Article 2.4.10.4. (See also Article 11.1.3.1., "Principles of Design").

11.1.4.3. Membrane Gutters

(See Note A-11.1.4.3.)

  1. A RoofStar Guarantee may cover a membrane gutter only when the membrane gutter and the adjoining roof area are part of the same scope of work (gutters lined with an adhered membrane and typically integrated into the roof structure).
  2. The Design Authority is responsible to design the membrane gutter for its anticipated capacity, with consideration given to
    1. rainfall and snow load calculations for the building location,
    2. drain type, size, and flow rate, and
    3. size and placement of the overflow drain.
  3. New membrane gutters shall be designed with a minimum width of 304.8 mm (12”) and a depth not exceeding the gutter’s width.
  4. At least 101.6 mm (4") clearance on the horizontal plane is required between any membrane gutter wall and the
    1. the edge of the drain bowl for spun drains, and
    2. the edge of the drain leader for flat spun or welded drains.
  5. Only fully-adhered membranes may be used in membrane gutters.
  6. Metal gutter liners are permissible, provided they are designed to fit over acceptable waterproofing, and the liners conform to the material requirements in Article 11.2.1.3.
  7. Conventionally insulated systems that drain into a membrane gutter must abut solid blocking at the gutter edge, which provides
    1. a stop for the insulation assembly, and
    2. a solid substrate for the securement of flashings and membranes.
  8. An overflow drain must be located at least
    1. 101.6 mm (4”) above the primary membrane gutter drain, and
    2. 25.4 mm (1”) below any mechanical fasteners used to secure the adjoining roof system.
  9. In roof replacement applications, existing membrane gutters may qualify for a RoofStar Guarantee, but should be redesigned if their capacity is undersized, and must incorporate an overflow drain in keeping with the requirements in this Part.
  10. Where the primary drain in an existing membrane gutter is undersized for its capacity, the primary drain must be replaced with one that is properly sized.
  11. When a membrane gutter adjoins a RoofStar-guaranteed water-shedding system, the transition from gutter to roof system shall conform to Article 11.3.3.8.

11.1.4.4. Drains in Planters

  1. Drains designed for structural planters must conform to the requirements in Article 6.1.3.2. of the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”.

Section 11.2. Materials

(See Division C, "Accepted Materials")

11.2.1. Material Properties

11.2.1.1. General Requirements

  1. Except for cast-iron roof drains, which are usually supplied and installed by others, only new drains and penetration flashings listed in Division C may be used.
  2. Reuse of any penetration flashing or drain (except serviceable cast iron drains) is prohibited and may void the Guarantee (See Division A, Article 3.2.1.2.).
  3. Sheet membranes used to flash (strip in) drains shall be reinforced with polyester or a composite scrim, but in any event must conform to the membrane requirements found in Article 9.2.1.1.

11.2.1.2. Roof Drains and Scuppers

(See Note A-11.2.1.2.)

  1. All roof drains
    1. must be designed and manufactured for roof applications only, and shall not be floor drains, and
    2. shall be made so that the roof membrane can be sealed to the drain body or bowl (the membrane seal must not rely solely on a clamping ring).
  2. Cast-iron primary roof drains
    1. must be supplied with a sump receiver and under-deck clamp,
    2. should separate securement of the under-deck clamp and clamping ring from securement for the strainer, and
    3. must be installed by the trade supplying the roof drain.
  3. Cast-iron planter drains must be supplied with a perforated riser that is proprietary to the drain manufacturer (See the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”, Article 6.1.3.2).
  4. Cast-iron scupper drains must be
    1. supplied with a clamping strainer, and
    2. designed with cast, enclosed (captive) strainer bolt receivers (drains with bolts exposed on the back side of the drain body are not acceptable).
  5. Lead sheet flashing, when specified, must be sized to extend past the drain bowl by at least 152.4 mm (6”), and must have a weight of at least 15 kg/m2 (3 lb/ft2).
  6. All primary flanged insert drains (drains with a stem that inserts into a drain leader)
    1. must be manufactured with a hot-welded or seamless flange at least 101.6 mm (4”) wide (measured from the outer edge of the drain opening),
    2. must be hot-welded at the joints between the bowl/flange and drain stem, and
    3. should incorporate a clamping ring (a clamping ring is recommended for primary flanged insert drains specified on any project), but clamping rings are required when primary flanged insert drains are specified for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee.
  7. Primary flanged drains (insert drains or scuppers) that connect with plumbing inside the building (“internal” drains) must be constructed of
    1. copper (min. weight: 24 oz. sheet copper; min. thickness: 20-gauge, or 0.889 mm (0.035”)), or
    2. aluminum (min. thickness: 12-gauge, or 2.053 mm (0.08081”)).
  8. Primary flanged drains (insert drains or scuppers) that drain directly to the exterior of the building (“external” drains) must be constructed of
    1. copper (min. weight: of 16 oz.; min. thickness: 24-gauge, or 0.559 mm (0.022”)), or
    2. aluminum (min. thickness: 20-gauge material, or 0.812 mm (0.03196”)).
  9. All scupper drains (open, or closed (boxed)) must be
    1. manufactured with welded seams and joints,
    2. designed to extend past the outside face of the wall, and
    3. fabricated from
      1. copper (min. weight: 16 oz.; min. thickness: 24-gauge, or 0.559 mm (0.022”)), or
      2. aluminum (min. thickness: 20-gauge material, or 0.812 mm (0.03196”)).
  10. In addition to the general requirements for scupper drains, closed (boxed) scupper drains must also be
    1. fully enclosed on four sides, for through-wall applications,
    2. fabricated with a drip edge at the bottom outside edge of the drain to deflect overflow water away from the building, and
    3. fitted with an overflow opening on the outside face of the scupper,
      1. equal in capacity to the main drain leader opening, and
      2. at least 38.1 mm (1 ½”) lower than the top surface of the scupper drain.
  11. Overflow drains
    1. must have a hot-welded or seamless flange at least 101.6 mm (4”) wide when measured from the outer edge of the drain opening, and
    2. may be manufactured from ferrous metals (See Section 13.2.).
  12. All roof drains utilized in a roof assembly that includes gravel ballast or growing media (soil) must be supplied with the drain manufacturer's proprietary primary drain strainer and secondary stainless-steel ballast guard, but when one is not provided, a custom-fabricated guard may be used provided the guard
    1. is fabricated from 20-gauge stainless-steel (0.9525 mm or 0.0375”),
    2. incorporates 6.35 mm (1/4”) perforations, and
    3. equals or exceeds the height of the finished roof system surface.

11.2.1.3. Membrane Gutters and Gutter Liners

  1. Membrane gutter membranes shall be
    1. accepted by the Guarantor,
    2. acceptable to the manufacturer,
    3. compatible with the adjoining roof system, and
    4. manufactured for full adhesion (semi-adhesion and mechanical securement are not permissible).
  2. A reinforced liquid membrane system (PMMA or PUMA) approved for field use and applied to an accepted SBS-modified base membrane is acceptable as a gutter membrane.
  3. A metal gutter liner
    1. may be fabricated from
      1. copper sheet material, incorporating soldered seams, or
      2. stainless steel, incorporating welded seams, and
    2. must conform to the sheet metal requirements in Article 13.2.1.2.

11.2.1.4. Fasteners

  1. Mechanical fasteners used to secure the roof membrane and penetration flashings, or related accessories, must be
    1. properly sized in accordance with roof system securement requirements (See Part 3), and
    2. self-drilling purpose-made screws manufactured with deep, recessed heads.

11.2.1.5. Sealants

  1. Sealants must be manufactured by, or acceptable to, the manufacturer.
  2. Compression sealants must be formulated to provide waterproofed seals under compressive loads.

11.2.1.6. Liquid Membrane Flashing

  1. Only a RoofStar-accepted reinforced two-component catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) liquid membrane flashing system may be used on the water plane to flash roof drains, scuppers, and overflows.

Section 11.3. Application

11.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements

11.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.

11.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, and shall
    1. incorporate overflow drains in all roof areas,
    2. utilize only primary drains and overflows manufactured with clamping rings, and
    3. ensure the roof membrane is secured with drain clamping rings or, when specified, with a reinforced 2-component liquid membrane flashing applied to conform to the requirements in this Part.

11.3.2. All Systems

11.3.2.1. Condition and Suitability of Roof Drains

  1. All clamping rings and strainers must be unbroken, properly seated, and fully secured.

11.3.2.2. Location and Spacing of Roof Drains

(See also Section 11.1., "Design")

  1. Roof drains for new construction projects must be located at least 457.2 mm (18") away from any adjacent drain, penetration, upstand, edge, or wall (the separation space is measured between openings, excluding the flange).
  2. The 457.2 mm (18") spacing requirement for roof drains does not apply to overflows, scupper drains, and drains used in membrane gutters.
  3. Roof drains and cap membrane seams must be offset from each other at least 304.8 mm (12”), measured from the edge of the drain.

11.3.2.3. Drain Protection Against Blockage

  1. All roof drains must be supplied and installed with a secured strainer to prevent debris from blocking the drain.
  2. When a roof supports overburden or is secured with ballast, drains must be installed together with a surrounding ballast guard that promotes water flow.
  3. When the overburden is a vegetated roof system, roof drains must be protected by both a stone /ballast guard and a separation zone, as required in Article 5.1.3.3. of the "RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs" .

11.3.2.4. General Installation Requirements

  1. Roof drains must be
    1. secured to the supporting deck structure, or to blocking, and
    2. properly detailed for continuity with specified control layers.
  2. When a roof supports overburden or is secured with ballast, drains must be installed together with a surrounding ballast guard that promotes water flow.
  3. Drains must be flashed using the primary membrane system or accessories acceptable to the manufacturer and the Guarantor.
  4. When fleece-reinforced liquid membrane systems are used to flash drains, only a RoofStar-accepted reinforced two-component catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) may be used on the drainage plane to flash roof drains, scuppers, and overflows.

11.3.3. Drains and Membrane Gutters

(The requirements for Subsection 11.3.2., "All Systems", shall be read together with the following Articles)

11.3.3.1. Drain Sumps

  1. When a 2-part liquid membrane flashing is specified for reinforcement of drain sumps, the liquid membrane flashing must continuously cover the sides of the sump, overlapping both the sump bottom and the roof field by at least 101.6 mm (4”).

11.3.3.2. General Requirements for Cast-iron Roof Drains

  1. Cast-iron roof drains must be installed by the plumbing/mechanical trade.
  2. When cast-iron roof drains are used, a sump receiver and under-deck clamp must be provided and installed by the trade supplying the roof drain.
  3. Drain extensions for cast-iron roof drains should be avoided.
  4. Existing flow control removed during roof construction should be reinstalled; however, if the replacement roof will support a vegetated roof system, the drainage design must conform to the requirements set out by the Design Authority .
  5. All cast-iron roof drains must be
    1. new or clean,
    2. unbroken (this applies to the clamping ring also), and
    3. flashed in accordance with the manufacturer's published instructions, or to the requirements published in this Part, whichever are greater.
  6. The continuity of air and vapour control layers must be maintained, where the controls are specified.

11.3.3.3. Cast-iron Drains Installed with Lead Flashing

  1. All roof system components, including tapered insulation, must be cut to fit closely around the drain bowl and leader.
  2. The drain flange must be clean and dry.
  3. The base field membrane must
    1. neatly fit around the outside edge of the cast drain flange, and
    2. be prepared to receive a coat of membrane-compatible mastic, as directed by the manufacturer’s published instructions.
  4. A membrane-compatible mastic must be applied to the field membrane, and to the drain flange.
  5. The lead flashing must
    1. be centred over the drain body,
    2. extend inside drain bowl at least 25.4 mm (1"), and
    3. conform to the contours of the drain bowl.
  6. A reinforcement membrane ("target") patch of modified bituminous base sheet material, 3 mm or more in thickness, must
    1. measure at least 1m x 1m (39” x 39”),
    2. be applied over the lead flashing and onto the field base membrane, ensuring continuous visible bleed-out of bitumen around all edges of the patch and a firm bond between the membrane and the lead flashing, and
    3. must extend at least 152.4 mm (6”) past the outside edge of the lead flashing.
  7. The cap field membrane must be installed according to the general requirements for field membranes (See Article 9.3.2.3.).
  8. The cap membrane must extend past the inside edge of the drain bowl.
  9. The clamping ring must be seated and secured, ensuring it is not broken.
  10. The drain screen must be securely installed.

11.3.3.4. Cast-iron Drains Installed with Membrane Flashing

  1. All roof system components, including tapered insulation, must be cut to fit closely around the drain bowl and leader.
  2. The drain flange must be clean and dry.
  3. When priming is required by the manufacturer, the drain flange must be primed with the manufacturer’s accepted primer.
  4. The field membrane system must be installed according to the requirements in Article 9.3.2.3.
  5. In addition to the manufacturer’s specific requirements for roof drains,
    1. the base field membrane must be prepared to receive a reinforcement membrane patch,
    2. a reinforcement membrane ("target") patch of modified bituminous base sheet material, 3 mm or more in thickness, must
      1. measure at least 1m x 1m (39” x 39”),
      2. be applied over the drain flange and onto the roof field, ensuring continuous visible bleed-out of bitumen around all edges of the patch and a firm bond between the membrane and the drain flange,
      3. the membrane patch must be trimmed to the inside edge of the drain bowl, and
      4. must extend at least 152.4 mm (6”) past the outside edge of the clamping ring,
    3. the cap field membrane must
      1. be installed according to the general requirements for field membranes (See Article 9.3.2.3.), and
      2. extend past the inside edge of the drain bowl,
    4. the clamping ring must be seated and secured, ensuring it is not broken, and
    5. the drain screen must be securely installed.

11.3.3.5. Cast-iron Roof Drain Retrofitting (Replacement Roofing)

  1. Retrofitting a cast-iron roof drain is not recommended, but when retrofitting is unavoidable (i.e., the drain has deteriorated to the extent that it cannot receive a new roof membrane, and removal is not possible),
    1. remove any broken parts and debris,
    2. connect the retrofit insert to internal leaders using only an external coupling (unless impractical - see alternative requirements below), and
    3. follow the requirements set out in Article 11.3.3.2.
  2. When an internal compression seal is used out of necessity to connect a retrofit drain to an existing drain leader,
    1. the joint must be properly prepared to ensure the joined surfaces are clean, smooth, and uniform, and
    2. honing out the cast pipe may be required.
  3. In the absence of a clamping collar, the retrofit insert drain must be sealed to the primary membrane with another method acceptable to the manufacturer and the Guarantor (Ref. Article 11.2.1.6.).

11.3.3.6. Flanged Insert-type Roof Drains

  1. Flanged insert drains must be
    1. installed after the primary field base membrane has been fully installed,
    2. embedded in a continuous trowelled bed of mastic, applied to a prepared compatible base membrane where the flange makes contact,
    3. mechanically fastened to blocking, or to the roof deck, using fasteners conforming to Article 11.2.1.4.,
    4. pre-primed on both faces of the flange, before installation of a reinforcement membrane patch, and
    5. sealed to the field base membrane with a reinforcement membrane ("target") patch
      1. at least 3 mm thick,
      2. large enough to extend past the edge of the drain flange by at least 152.4 mm (6”),
      3. aligned with the base field membrane runs, or oriented 45-degrees to the base field membrane,
      4. cut to terminate on the flange, and
      5. sealed onto the flange and the field base membrane, evidenced by continuous visible bleed-out of bitumen along all edges of the patch,
    6. The cap field membrane must overlap the base membrane patch and be heat-welded or adhered to the drain flange, at the bowl.
    7. Only mechanical compression type seals may be used to connect insert-type drains to internal drain leaders; “O”- rings, mastics and caulking are not acceptable methods for sealing these types of drains to leaders.

11.3.3.7. Scuppers and Overflows

  1. Open scupper drains may be constructed to match the height of the roof or membrane gutter edge, but must be fully sealed with membrane flashing (Ref. Construction Detail "Open-wall Scupper Drain").
  2. When a through-wall scupper is specified, only fully enclosed scupper drains (enclosed on all sides and open only at the inflow and outflow ends) may be installed (Ref. Construction Detail "Through-wall Scupper Drain").
  3. Scuppers and overflows that are installed through walls may be installed no closer than 203.2 mm (8") to
    1. a roof drain, or
    2. any protrusion and its flashing.
  4. Scupper and overflow assemblies must be
    1. cleaned and prepared to receive membrane flashing (refer to the membrane manufacturer’s published requirements),
    2. embedded in a layer of trowelled membrane-compatible mastic,
    3. primed on exposed flanges to receive membrane flashing,
    4. mechanically fastened to the substrate (i.e., blocking, the roof deck, and the wall) with fasteners conforming to Article 11.2.1.4., and
    5. sealed to the roof system with base sheet membrane flashing plies that
      1. lap onto the drain body flanges at least 101.6 mm (4”), and
      2. extend onto the surrounding field membrane or perimeter base membrane by at least 152.4 mm (6").
  5. Cap sheet membrane flashing for scuppers and overflows must extend past the terminated edges of base membrane plies and seal to the drain flange.
  6. Clamping collars must be securely installed according to their design, and where specified.

11.3.3.8. Membrane Gutters

  1. All gutter membranes must be installed according to the manufacturer’s published instructions.
  2. Sheet membranes installed in a gutter must be
    1. installed perpendicular to the gutter length,
    2. carried up an adjoining roof system (measured vertically from the maximum water level)
      1. at least 152.4 mm (6”), or
      2. at least 304.8 mm (12”) in regions with typical heavy snow,
    3. lapped under and sealed to the adjoining membranes at least 152.4 mm (6”),
    4. installed in keeping with application requirements in this Standard,
    5. mechanically secured at their terminations, both on the outside of the gutter edge and on the field, and
    6. secured above the maximum water level at least 152.4 mm (6”) and no more than 304.8 mm (12”) O.C.
  3. Gutter drains and overflows must be installed in keeping with the requirements in Section 11.1., "Design".
  4. Drain flanges that must be bent to accommodate the width of the gutter must be mechanically fastened to the gutter wall before membrane is installed.
  5. A metal gutter liner
    1. must incorporate soldered seams when it is fabricated from copper sheet material,
    2. must incorporate welded seams when it is fabricated from stainless steel, and
    3. must be installed
      1. over an adhered single ply membrane, no less than 2.3 mm (90 mils) thick (bituminous membranes) or 1.5 mm (60 mils) thick (non-bituminous membranes), and
      2. with a separation layer (slip sheet) between the membrane and the metal liner to prevent damage to the membrane caused by the liner at its joints.
  6. The transition from a membrane gutter to a water-shedding system that is insulated (typically ASM only) shall conform to the requirements for membrane gutters in the "Standard for Architectural Sheet Metal (ASM) Roof Systems" (See Construction Detail "Membrane Gutter (Design Elements)" for an illustrated example).


Part 12 - Penetrations and Curbs

Section 12.1. Design

12.1.1. General

12.1.1.1. Scope

  1. The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in Division A, Part 1.

12.1.1.2. Defined Terms

  1. Words that appear in italics are defined in the Glossary.

12.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements

12.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.

12.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee; in addition,
    1. when a roof is replaced, all open-top penetration flashings (flashings without a top cover) must be waterproofed as described elsewhere in this Part and shall be installed with clamped double storm collars that are fully sealed around the upper edge,
    2. when a roof is installed on a newly constructed building, all penetration flashings that are usually fitted with a single storm collar (typically supplied and installed by others) must be fitted with a second storm collar, supplied by the Contractor,
    3. all electrical, gas, and other services, that penetrate the roof assembly must be protected against water intrusion with
      1. purpose-made flashings that are sealed into the roof system,
      2. curbs fitted with a “weather head” hood sealed into the curb membrane flashing, or
      3. sealant pockets (used only where unavoidable) that conform to this Part and are at least 101.6 mm (4”) tall, or are elevated the same distance above the water plane (when measured from the water plane to the top of the pocket), and
    4. when penetrations or vent openings in a conventionally insulated roof system are flashed using galvanized or hot-welded materials, the flashings
      1. must conform to the requirements in Section 12.2.,
      2. shall be elevated on curbs, and
      3. must be additionally flashed ("coated") with a reinforced catalyzed two-component liquid membrane, or with two (2) cured applications of a single-component liquid flashing system (See Article 12.3.2.2.).

12.1.3. All Systems

12.1.3.1. General Requirements for Penetrations

  1. Where a roof design includes openings through the roof assembly (i.e., for mechanical or electrical services), the specification and detail drawings shall
    1. provide direction for continuity of control layers, where these layers intersect with any opening or penetration, and
    2. require a curb or an acceptable penetration flashing to enclose and seal each roof opening.
  2. Each penetration (except for clustered or bundled electrical cables) must be flashed separately from others.
  3. Single or bundled electrical cable penetrations must be flashed with a suitable goose-neck flashing, fitted with a weather head.
  4. Penetration flashings must be
    1. new,
    2. suitable for the type of penetration, and
    3. properly sized and fitted around the penetration to permit a seal (gaps between the penetration and the inside of the flashing shall be no more than 12.7 mm (1/2"), or
    4. of sufficient height to be made water-tight with a site-fabricated membrane seal fashioned to enclose the gap between the flashing and the penetration (see Figure 12.3.2.1.-A); the application of liquid sealant around the penetration in an open-top flashing is not acceptable.
  5. Penetration flashings should be selected for their ability to inhibit the intrusion of vermin and insects into the roof assembly and building interior.
  6. Suitable flashings must be specified for penetrations that are expected to expand, contract, or otherwise move.
  7. Cylindrical ("pipe-type") penetrations must be sealed with
    1. the manufacturer’s proprietary rubber-based friction seals that utilize mechanical clamps,
    2. a 2-part site-fabricated or proprietary flashing with a removable inspection/access cap (Ref. Construction Detail "2-Part Retrofit Flashing (Cable Penetration)"), or
    3. roof curbs fitted with customized metal hoods or square-to-round metal flashing.
  8. Aluminum or copper flashings for penetrations may be located at the drainage plane in any assembly type.

12.1.3.2. Galvanized Penetration Flashings

  1. Galvanized flashings and vents may be specified for use in the drainage plane on uninsulated or conventionally insulated systems, provided they conform to the requirements and conditions in Article 12.3.2.2.
  2. All galvanized penetration flashings or vents specified for use in a protected roof system or modified protected roof system must be located on curbs no less than 203.2 mm (8") in height above the finished roof system surface.
  3. Galvanized flashings with a base opening larger than 0.126 m2 (196 in.2) in size must be supported by a curb.

12.1.3.3. Separation Between Details

  1. Penetrations on new construction projects must be separated from
    1. other penetrations, curbs, walls, or changes in plane at least 304.8 mm (12") (this is measured between openings or the edge of a detail and excludes the flashing flange), and
    2. all roof drains at least 457.20 mm (18") (Also see Article 11.1.3.2.).
  2. Penetrations that are closer together than the stated minimum, and which are flashed with a single customized flashing or curb are exempt from the requirement in Sentence (1).
  3. When the separation between details does not comply with the spacing requirements in this Part, only the alternate application methods described in Sentences (11) through (13) of Article 12.3.2.1. will be permitted by the Guarantor.

12.1.3.4. Curbs, Sleepers, and Equipment Pads

  1. The design and placement of curbs and sleepers shall be the responsibility of the Design Authority.
  2. Curbs must be designed so that they can be secured directly to the deck structure, or to intermediate blocking, and must not be situated on top of the roof system.
  3. All curbs, sleepers, and deck-supported equipment pads must be designed to achieve a minimum height of 203.2 mm (8”), measured from the finished roof system surface, to permit proper membrane flashing.
  4. Notwithstanding the minimum height requirement membrane flashing, curbs and sleepers that are completely sealed (enveloped) with membrane, and are free of penetrations through the top face (i.e., equipment isolators) may be less than 203.2 mm (8”) in height but shall be
    1. no less than 101.6 mm (4") in height, or
    2. no less than 127 mm (5") in height when capped with a linear metal flashing.
  5. Equipment isolators are not considered part of the roof system and therefore any leaks caused by or occurring at isolators shall be excluded from coverage under the Guarantee.
  6. Equipment ("housekeeping") pads placed on top of the finished roof system surface and supporting combined loads
    1. less than 90 kg (200 lbs) must be separated from the membrane with a bond-breaking layer (i.e., XPS insulation), and
    2. greater than 90 kg (200 lbs) must conform to the requirements for structural sleepers or equipment pads.
  7. Reinforced liquid membrane flashing systems may be specified only where
    1. sheet membrane applications are not practicable (i.e., complex geometry), or
    2. the top edge of membrane plies must be terminated on a vertical surface and other means of termination are not practicable or even possible.

12.1.3.5. Protection of Roof Membranes

  1. The Design Authority must consider and specify mitigating strategies to preserve the membrane from damage (i.e., specifying grease guards or a reinforced 2-part liquid membrane coating) when mechanical equipment extracts and discharges grease, chemicals, or other contaminants, onto the roof.

12.1.3.6. Railings, Ladders, and Other Attached Structures

  1. Railings, ladders, and other attached structures shall not be affixed at the field membrane level and should be designed for attachment to vertical surfaces only.
  2. Attachment of railings, ladders, and other attached structures to a raised horizontal substrate is strongly discouraged, but when this manner of securement is specified, the design must be submitted in writing by the Design Authority to the Guarantor for review and acceptance through a written Variance.
  3. Ladders, railings, or other structures that may penetrate the roof system, should be designed to minimize thermal bridging (and consequential condensation) or reduced thermal performance; uninsulated direct, rigid connections to the structural deck or walls is strongly discouraged.
  4. Pourable sealant pockets used to flash vertical penetrations should be specified only as a last resort, for use only when other flashing methods are impractical (Ref. Article 12.3.2.8., "Sealant Pockets").

Section 12.2. Materials

(See Division C, "Accepted Materials")

12.2.1. Material Properties

12.2.1.1. Membranes Used for Flashing

  1. Sheet membranes used to flash (strip in) penetrations and curbs shall be
    1. the same membrane used on the roof field, or
    2. sheet or liquid membranes conforming to Article 10.2.1.1.

12.2.1.2. General Requirements for Penetration Flashings

  1. All roof penetration flashings, except flashings that are proprietary to the manufacturer and flashings that are installed or supplied by others as part of a Code-compliant, certified chimney assembly (i.e., for solid fuel heating appliances), must be
    1. accepted by or acceptable to the Guarantor,
    2. manufactured to conform to CSA-B272, "Prefabricated Self-Sealing Roof Vent Flashings" (a penetration flashing fabricated by the Contractor is exempt from this requirement),
    3. permanently marked with the standard number it conforms to, which shall be independently validated through published testing by a qualified third-party,
    4. manufactured from sheet metal conforming to the material requirements in Section 13.2., when the flashing is custom-made or fabricated by the Contractor,
    5. compatible with the roof system,
    6. seamless or, in the alternative, fabricated with fully hot-welded joints, including a base flange at least 101.6 mm (4”) wide,
    7. capable of inhibiting the intrusion of vermin and insects into the roof assembly and building interior, and
    8. at least 203.2 mm (8”) tall when measured from the finished roof system surface to an opening, or to the top of the flashing.
  2. Metal penetration flashings that are purpose-made for
    1. electrical cables must be goose-necked and supplied with a downward-facing weather head, and
    2. plumbing vents shall be supplied with a matching settlement cap produced by the same manufacturer.
  3. Galvanized penetration flashings, and galvanized vents, must
    1. meet or exceed the CSA-A93 Standard,
    2. be made with material galvanized steel (26-gauge or heavier) conforming to the metal requirements found in Part 13, "Linear Metal Flashing", and
    3. be at least 203.2 mm (8”) tall when measured from the finished roof system surface to an opening.
  4. Storm collars
    1. must be fashioned from galvanized or stainless steel,
    2. must slope downward from the penetration approximately 45°,
    3. shall be at least 50.8 mm (2”) wide,
    4. shall be self-locking or, in the alternative, manufactured to receive a mechanical band clamp, and
    5. should be fabricated with a channel at the top edge, for retaining sealant.
  5. EPDM used to form a seal between a penetration and its flashing (Ref. Article 12.3.2.1.(12)) shall be semi-cured and possess a nominal thickness of no less than 60 mils.
  6. Unshielded flexible mechanical couplings used to join a flashing and a pipe penetration shall be
    1. certified to meet ASTM C564 or ASTM D5926,
    2. certified to meet ASTM C1173 and CSA-B602,
    3. supplied with top and bottom proprietary screw-type stainless steel mechanical clamps,
    4. leak-proof, resistant to chemicals, UV-stable, and
    5. suitable for the penetration and flashing they join together.

12.2.1.3. Flashings for Heating and Plumbing System Penetrations

  1. All plumbing vent flashings shall be non-ferrous.
  2. Lead plumbing vent flashings must each be
    1. fabricated with sheet lead material weighing no less than 14.65 Kg/m2 (3lb/sf),
    2. properly sized for the pipe, and
    3. supplied with a settlement cap made from the same materials (the inside collar of the settlement cap must fit vertically inside the pipe opening by at least 25.4 mm (1”)).
  3. In addition to the general requirements in Article 12.2.1.2., all metal penetration flashings (except natural airflow vents) used for heating and plumbing penetrations must be
    1. properly sized for the penetration, both in diameter and height,
    2. flexible or sloped to suit the roof slope, and
    3. supplied with a properly sized galvanized storm collar or settlement cap.

12.2.1.4. Reserved

Section 12.3. Application

12.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements

12.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.

12.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, and shall comply with the requirements in Article 12.1.1.2.

12.3.2. All Systems

12.3.2.1. General Requirements for Flashing Penetrations

  1. All penetration flashing materials must be new.
  2. Anything that penetrates through the roof assembly , including openings for ventilation, must be
    1. sealed to each control layer that it passes through or intersects, and
    2. flashed with a curb, a purpose-made flashing, or a custom-fitted flashing, all of which shall be sealed to the roof system so that the penetration or opening is protected from water ingress, to at least 203.2 mm (8") above the finished roof system surface.
  3. Each roof penetration must have its own flashing (except where a purpose-made flashing is designed for multiple penetrations), and each flashing
    1. must be suitable for the slope and penetration, and
    2. must be properly sized and fitted around the penetration to permit a seal.
  4. Non-ferrous penetration flashings and vents that conform to the material requirements in Section 12.2. may be located at the drainage plane in any assembly type.
  5. Lead penetration flashings are not permitted when roof membranes are torch-applied.
  6. All penetration flashings must be clean, dry, absolutely free of contaminants, have an exterior finish that is suitable to receive sheet or liquid membrane flashing, and must be prepared in keeping with any surface preparation requirements published by the membrane manufacturer.
  7. Cable and horizontal pipe penetrations must be flashed with
    1. a purpose-made flashing (i.e., a goose-neck flashing fitted with a weather head),
    2. a sheet membrane-flashed curb fitted with a customized sheet metal hood (shaped to function like a weather head), or
    3. a 2-component fleece-reinforced liquid membrane flashing as described in Article 12.3.2.6. (when other methods are not possible or practicable).
  8. Cables passing through a penetration flashing should be drooped, and horizontal pipes should be fitted with a capillary-breaking collar, to prevent water from tracking along the cable or pipe, into the building; water tracking along cables and horizontal pipes does not constitute a leak and is therefore excluded from coverage under the Guarantee.
  9. Each flanged penetration flashing must be installed after the field base membrane and shall be
    1. primed, when required by the manufacturer,
    2. embedded in the manufacturer’s approved adhesive, sealant, or mastic,
    3. securely fastened to the supporting deck structure or intermediate blocking, and
    4. sealed to the base field membrane with
      1. its own sheet membrane target patch (the use of a single target patch for multiple penetration flashings is not permissible unless otherwise stated in this Standard), or
      2. membrane flashing (retrofit flashings only).
  10. When penetration flashings are closer than 457.2 mm (18") to a roof drain, the drain must be flashed with a target patch first so that the membrane target patch around the penetration flashing promotes positive drainage; once sealed in with target patches, the field cap sheet membrane may be installed.
  11. When the separation between penetration flashings is less than 304.8 mm (12") but greater than 203.2 mm (8") (Ref. Article 12.1.3.3.), the penetrations must be
    1. flashed together with a single membrane target patch that extends at least 152.4 mm (6") past the edge of the flashing flanges,
    2. capped with the field membrane, and
    3. additionally sealed at the base of the flashing tube with fleece-reinforced PMMA
      1. conforming to the application requirements in Article 12.3.2.6.,
      2. carried up the penetration flashing at least 101.6 mm (4"), and
      3. carried onto the field cap sheet membrane at least 203.2 mm (8").
  12. When the separation between penetration flashings is less than 203.2 mm (8"), the penetrations must be waterproofed
    1. with a curb,
    2. by elevating the penetrations above the drainage plane, or
    3. with another method acceptable to the Guarantor (See Note A-12.3.2.1.(13.)).
  13. Sheet membrane target patches applied over flanged penetration flashings shall be
    1. cut from a single piece of base sheet membrane (when the penetration is large, the target patch may be cut from two pieces of membrane that must be joined with laps at least 152.4 mm (6”) in width,
    2. sized to extend past the edge of the flashing flange onto the roof field by at least 101.6 mm (4") (for non-conforming penetration spacing, see Sentence (12) in this Article),
    3. aligned with the base field membrane runs, or be turned 45-degrees to the base field membrane,
    4. sealed to the entire flange, terminating approximately 12.7 mm (1/2") from the flashing upstand, and
    5. sealed to the field membrane beyond the edge of the flashing flange, as evidenced by continuous bleed out of bitumen along all edges of the patch (Ref. Article 9.3.2.6. concerning seams).
  14. Cap membrane installed over a flanged penetration flashing
    1. shall extend past the edge of the target patch membrane and terminate at the flashing upstand, and
    2. must be sealed along the cut edge of the membrane with
      1. a compatible mastic embedded with granules, or
      2. a reinforced 2-component liquid membrane flashing, applied in keeping with the standards found in Article 12.3.2.6.
  15. Retrofit flashings (metal flashings fitted together around a penetration and riveted or clamped together) shall be flashed with
    1. base sheet membrane flashing carried up the vertical face of the flashing at least 203.2 mm (8") and past the base flange at least 101.6 mm (4"), and
    2. cap sheet membrane flashing which fully covers the base sheet flashing and extends past the termination of the base flashing by at least 50.2 mm (2")(Ref. Construction Detail "2-Part Retrofit Flashing (Cable Penetration)").
  16. Where a purpose-made flashing does not fit the penetration (i.e., a penetration that is a square post), or when a penetration extends above the top edge of the flashing so that it cannot be enclosed with a cap See Figure 12.3.2.3.-A), the gap between the penetration and the flashing must be bridged and sealed|| 2020-July-3 }}
    1. by wrapping the joint with a properly-sized piece of semi-cured EPDM (or its equivalent),
      1. loosely wrapped around the penetration and the flashing at least 1-1/2 times, or adhered to itself and overlapped at least 50.8 mm (2"),
      2. installed free of wrinkles or fish-mouths,
      3. applied so that it extends on either side of the joint by at least 50.8 mm (2"), and
      4. clamped at the top and at the bottom using stainless steel clamps set back from the membrane edge no more than 6.35 mm (1/4"), or
    2. with heat-shrink tubing that
      1. extends onto both the flashing and the penetration by at least 50.8 mm (2"),
      2. is secured with stainless steel mechanical clamps installed at each end of the tubing, and
      3. is caulked with an acceptable sealant (when adhesive-lined heat-shrink tubing is used, the sealant may be omitted).
  17. Penetrations that are flashed but are not immediately sealed using the methods described above must be temporarily protected from the weather with at least one properly fitted, level storm collar.
  18. Unshielded flexible mechanical ("MJ") couplings
    1. shall be clamped to the penetration and its flashing, and sealed along the top edge with an acceptable sealant, and
    2. are suitable for use only with penetrations that will not expand, contract, or move with anticipated building settlement, i.e., fall protection anchors.
  19. On a vertical penetration where a seal cannot be made between the flashing and the penetration (i.e., where the penetration is a hot pipe, or where movement of the penetration is anticipated), the opening between the penetration and top of the flashing must be protected with
    1. at least one storm collar, secured with a separate mechanical (screw-type) clamp, or
    2. no fewer than two storm collars, each manufactured with friction-type clips, and spaced approximately 25.4 mm (1") apart.
  20. All installed storm collars must be sealed with a continuous, untooled bead of acceptable sealant at least 9.53 mm (3/8”) wide, applied to and centered over the joint between the collar and the penetration.
  21. Reinforced liquid membrane flashing systems may be used (where permitted in Article 12.3.2.6. ) to seal a penetration on, or within 203.2 mm (8") of, the drainage plane, but only where
    1. the penetration is structurally attached to a solid roof deck (concrete or mass timber) and the penetration will not move, shrink, or expand, or
    2. the penetration is structurally independent of the roof deck, but is of the same type of material (i.e., steel post passing through a steel deck), and
    3. sheet membrane applications are not practicable (i.e., complex geometry), or
    4. the top edge of sheet membrane plies must be terminated on a vertical surface and other means of terminating them are not practicable or even possible.


Figure 12.3.2.3.-A Alternate Flashing of Pipe Penetration
Forming Part of Sentence 12.3.2.3.(16)
(Click to expand illustration)
Figure 11.3.3.1-1 (SBS).jpg

12.3.2.2. Galvanized Penetration Flashings

  1. Galvanized, hot-welded flashings and vents installed on the drainage plane of uninsulated or conventionally insulated systems
    1. are permissible provided the base opening of the vent does not exceed 0.126 m2 (196 in.2),
    2. may be uncoated, provided the roof is sloped at least 1:50 (1/4” in 12”), or the flashing is located in a well-drained area, and
    3. shall be coated with a liquid flashing system conforming to the application requirements in this Article, when
      1. the roof is sloped less than 1:50 (1/4” in 12”),
      2. the flashing is located in a valley, or
      3. the flashing will be regular exposed to or submerged in water.
  2. All galvanized penetration flashings or vents specified for use in a protected roof system or modified protected roof system shall not be installed at the drainage plane and instead must be located on curbs no less than 203.2 mm (8") in height above the finished roof system surface.
  3. A liquid flashing system applied to flashings and vents
    1. may be a 2-component PMMA system or a single-component liquid flashing system,
    2. must be listed in Division C and acceptable to the Guarantor for this application,
    3. shall be acceptable to the membrane manufacturer,
    4. shall be applied evenly and with straight lines,
    5. must extend up the sides of the vent or flashing at least 101.6 mm (4") above the finished roof system surface, and
    6. must cover the edge of the sheet membrane where it forms a seal with the flashing.
  4. Two cured applications of a single-component liquid flashing system are recommended for enhanced durability, but when a single-component liquid flashing system is specified for a RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee, two (2) cured coats are required (Ref. Article 12.1.2.2.).

12.3.2.3. Separation Between Penetration Flashings

  1. Penetrations on new construction projects must be separated from
    1. other penetrations, curbs, walls, or changes in plane so that the space between flashings for these details is at least 304.8 mm (12") (this is measured between openings or the edge of a detail and excludes the flashing flange), and
    2. roof drains at least 457.20 (18") (Also see Article 11.1.3.2.).
  2. When the separation between penetration flashings does not conform to the minimum spacing requirements, the application options described in Article 12.3.2.1. must be followed.

12.3.2.4. Curbs, Sleepers, and Equipment Pads

  1. Sheet membrane flashing for curbs must provide continuous waterproofing from the roof field up the vertical plane, at least 203.2 mm (8”) above the finished roof system surface and shall conform to the requirements in Article 10.3.2.3., unless otherwise specified or permitted in this Part; waterproofing of equipment installed on a curb (i.e., isolators and other mounts) is the responsibility of others.
  2. Curb, sleeper, or equipment pad sheet membrane flashing
    1. shall be fully adhered to its substrate,
    2. base plies must lap onto the field base membrane by at least 101.6 mm (4"), or extend at least 50.8 mm (2") past perimeter mechanical fastener plates installed on the field, whichever is greater,
    3. cap plies must lap onto the field cap membrane at least 50.8 mm (2") past the end of base membrane flashing plies,
    4. base and cap plies must be carried up a vertical surface, above the finished roof system surface, at least 203.2 mm (8") (the exception to this requirement is fully-enveloped sleepers or equipment pads),
    5. must be hand rolled with a membrane manufacturer’s accepted roller, and
    6. shall be secured to the substrate by the Contractor where membrane terminates on a vertical substrate.
  3. All inside and outside corners of sheet membrane-flashed curbs or walls must be reinforced with membrane gussets, each gusset measuring at least 101.6 mm x 152.4 mm (4” x 6”), excluding the tapered ends.
  4. Exposed membrane edges on curbs must be protected from UV radiation, and from water intrusion, using a counter-flashing or options described in Article 10.3.2.3.
  5. When installing heat-welded membranes, or where construction sequencing requires it, alternatives to conventional membrane flashing should be considered (Ref. Article 12.3.2.5.).
  6. Reinforced liquid membrane flashing systems shall conform to the requirements in Article 12.3.2.6., and may be used only
    1. where sheet membrane applications are not practicable (i.e., complex geometry), or
    2. where the top edge of membrane plies must be terminated on a vertical surface and other means of termination are not practicable or even possible (See also Article 12.3.2.6.).
  7. Sleepers or equipment pads that are completely sealed (enveloped) with sheet membrane must be at least 101.6 mm (4") in height above the finished roof system surface, but when fully enveloped sleepers or equipment pads are capped with linear metal flashing, they must be at least 127 mm (5") in height above the finished roof system surface to provide sufficient height for exposed fasteners.
  8. All penetrations through the top surface of a sleeper or equipment pad must be sealed using
    1. a compression sealant between the membrane and equipment supports, and
    2. a universal sealant applied around the edges of equipment supports.
  9. Equipment ("housekeeping") pads placed on top of the finished roof system surface and supporting combined loads
    1. less than 90 kg (200 lbs) must be separated from the membrane with a bond-breaking layer (i.e., XPS insulation), and
    2. greater than 90 kg (200 lbs) must be waterproofed to conform to the requirements for structural sleepers or equipment pads in this Section.

12.3.2.5. Alternative Approaches to Membrane Flashing

  1. The Contractor must assess the best approach to waterproofing any detail, when site conditions or construction sequencing require alternatives to heat-welding.
  2. When alternative methods are required,
    1. curbs must be flashed by adapting the methods described in Article 10.3.8.2., or by using other approaches that are equal or superior, and
    2. penetrations must be
      1. incorporated into an adhered or self-adhered field membrane system, or
      2. flashed by using a pre-flashing method that is suitable for the penetration.

12.3.2.6. Liquid Membrane Flashing

  1. Any liquid flashing system shall be used only when permitted by the manufacturer, and it's use shall conform to the permissible applications in this Article.
  2. Liquid membrane flashing systems may not be used on plastic substrates.
  3. Two-component fleece-reinforced catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and polyurethane methyl methacrylate (PUMA) liquid membrane flashing systems must be accepted by the Guarantor and listed in Division C, and
    1. may be used
      1. on the drainage plane,
      2. where sheet membrane flashing may not be practical or even possible,
      3. to terminate the top edge of sheet membrane flashing,
      4. for sheet membrane reinforcement (i.e., at corners),
      5. where abrasion resistance is desirable,
      6. where resistance to contamination of sheet membrane is necessary, or
      7. where the Design Authority specifies its application.
    2. must be compatible with the primary sheet membrane flashing,
    3. shall be applied to a properly prepared substrate, which must be clean, dry, free of contaminants, and primed, all as required by the manufacturer in their published instructions,
    4. must be applied within masked boundaries to produce clean, straight, plumb edges, and
    5. shall be applied to ensure that
      1. the rate of application conforms to the manufacturer's published instructions, unless superseded by this Standard,
      2. the base coating of catalyzed liquid membrane resin evenly and fully covers the masked area,
      3. the manufacturer’s reinforcement fleece is cut to cover the masked area, to within 4.76 mm (1/8”) of all edges,
      4. the fleece is fully embedded in, and saturated with, the based coating of resin, and
      5. the fleece is evenly and thoroughly coated with a second application of catalyzed liquid membrane resin, covering the masked area.
  4. Where a fleece-reinforced 2-component catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) liquid membrane flashing system is used to terminate sheet membrane on the vertical plane, the liquid membrane flashing system must overlap the sheet membrane, and it must extend onto the vertical substrate above the sheet membrane, by no less than 50.8 mm (2").
  5. Fleece-reinforced 2-component catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) liquid membrane flashing system that is used as a substitute for sheet membrane flashing must be carried up a vertical plane at least 203.2 mm (8”), and no less than 203.2 mm (8") onto the horizontal field plane ( See Figure 12.3.2.6.-A).
  6. Single-component polyurethane and silicon-based liquid membrane flashing system
    1. must be accepted by the Guarantor, acceptable to the manufacturer, and shall be listed in Division C,
    2. may be used
      1. to coat galvanized flashings used in the water plane, provided the application follows the requirements in Article 12.3.2.2., "Galvanized Penetration Flashings",
      2. to flash details more than 101.6 mm (4”) above the water plane, that cannot be sealed with sheet-type membranes, or
      3. to seal pre-curb dowels (see Article 14.3.2.7.).
    3. must not be used in the drainage plane, or to reinforce membranes against abrasion,
    4. must be applied in two cured coats, unless otherwise permitted in this Standard, and
    5. must be fleece-reinforced between coats where
      1. the application is considered permanent,
      2. a change in plane (angle) occurs, or
      3. there is a joint between two supports and the liquid membrane must serve as a bridge.
  7. Accessory PMMA detailing products
    1. must be accepted by the Guarantor, acceptable to the manufacturer, and listed in Division C,
    2. must be reinforced with chopped or loose fibres,
    3. shall not be used as a substitute for fleece-reinforced 2-component PMMA systems, where these are required or exclusively permitted,
    4. must be used at locations 101.6 mm (4”) or more above the drainage plane, except where complex details, such as bolt heads, cannot be properly sealed with a fleece-reinforced 2-component PMMA system, and
    5. must not be used where movement is expected.


Figure 12.3.2.6.-A Application Requirements for PMMA on Roof Penetration
Forming Part of Sentence 12.3.2.6.(4)
(Click to expand illustration)
Figure 12.3.-B (Generic).jpg

12.3.2.7. Railings, Ladders, and Other Attached Structures

(See also Construction Detail "Railing")

  1. Fasteners installed to secure railings, ladders, and other structures to the vertical face of walls must be located at least 88.9 mm (3-1/2") above the finished roof surface.
  2. Railings, ladders, and other structures mounted on a waterproofed horizontal substrate that is part of the roof assembly (i.e., on top of a parapet) shall be fully flashed around each base with a fleece-reinforced liquid membrane flashing material, unless directed otherwise by a written Variance issued by the Guarantor, using a product that is
    1. suitable for use in the drainage plane,
    2. applied in keeping with the requirements in Article 12.3.2.6., and
    3. compatible with roofing membranes installed on the substrate.
  3. Railings, ladders, and other structures shall not direct water into a roof system by means of weep holes or the method of fastening.

12.3.2.8. Sealant Pockets

  1. Pourable sealant pockets should be used only when sealing penetration with sheet membranes or reinforced liquid membrane flashing is impractical.
  2. Sealant pockets must be
    1. at least 50.8 mm (2”) deep, and
    2. large enough to provide at least 25.4 mm (1”) of fillable space on all sides of the penetration.
  3. When pourable sealant pockets are installed,
    1. the penetration surfaces must be properly prepared following the sealant manufacturer’s instructions, to ensure a good bond between the penetration and the sealant,
    2. only the membrane manufacturer’s approved proprietary UV-stable urethane-based structural sealants may be used to fill sealant pockets,
    3. the sealant must be crowned to shed water,
    4. the sealant pocket shall be sealed to the roof membrane following requirements published elsewhere in this Standard, and
    5. a site-formed non-bituminous flexible roof membrane storm collar must be fitted and secured to the penetration with stainless steel clamps.

Part 13 - Linear Metal Flashing

Section 13.1. Design

13.1.1. General

13.1.1.1. Scope

  1. The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in Division A, Part 1.

13.1.1.2. Defined Terms

  1. Words that appear in italics are defined in the Glossary. Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part:
    1. Drip edge means the bent (kicked-out) hemmed edge of a linear metal flashing, measuring at least 19.05 mm (3/4") and angled no more than 30° from vertical ("Architectural Sheet Metal Manual" published by the Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association, Inc. (SMACNA), Sixth Ed.: p. 2.3); it is used to direct dripping water away from the face of the metal flashing or the materials it is protecting, such as a wall. A drip edge may be fabricated on any linear metal flashing but is commonly used on coping (parapet cap) and counter-flashing (also see the Glossary for a colloquial use of the term).
    2. Hemmed edge means an edge of a linear metal flashing that is folded onto itself (bent 180°), to render a smooth (not raw or sharp) finish (this is sometimes referred to as a "safety edge").
    3. Linear metal flashing means flashings cut and shaped from flat metal stock, to redirect water at roof perimeters and edges, or to control the flow of water in valleys and drainage spillways. Linear metal flashings also protect roof membranes from weathering and damage and provide an aesthetic finish to the roof system.

13.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements

13.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.

13.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, and shall
    1. include only linear metal flashings fabricated from 24-guage stock (or thicker).

13.1.3. All Systems

13.1.3.1. Scope and Function

(See also the "Architectural Sheet Metal Manual" published by the Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association, Inc. (SMACNA))

  1. Linear metal flashings described in this Part and referenced elsewhere in this Standard
    1. are considered necessary and integral to the scope of a project designed and constructed to qualify for a RoofStar Guarantee,
    2. do not perform a waterproofing function and therefore must be specified for use over membrane flashing, or designed to shed water onto a waterproofing or water-shedding primary material,
    3. shall be new (reuse of any existing linear metal flashings is prohibited and may void the Guarantee (See Division A, Article 3.2.1.2., "Limitations and Exclusions of Guarantee"), and
    4. shall be Contractor-fabricated to suit the project requirements or shall be listed in Division C as materials pre-engineered and manufactured by a metal supplier.
  2. The requirements in this Part apply almost entirely to Contractor-fabricated linear metal flashings; consequently, RoofStar-accepted pre-engineered products accepted as systems are exempt from the requirements in this Part for metal gauge, profile, and securement, unless expressly stated otherwise.
  3. Linear metal flashings
    1. must be specified when UV-sensitive membranes require protection, or when membrane edges will otherwise be exposed to the sun, to water, or to physical damage, and
    2. may be specified to cover parapet caps, sleepers, or curbs
      1. for aesthetic reasons, or
      2. to protect the membrane from damage resulting from maintenance (i.e., pressure washing of decks or pavers), or from foot traffic.

13.1.3.2. Information Required in Specifications

  1. Subject to the requirements in this Standard, the Design Authority must specify
    1. metal type, finish, and gauge,
    2. seam types,
    3. length of flashings (if different from the requirements in this Part), and
    4. method of attachment (concealed or exposed fasteners).
  2. Design drawings must detail metal flashing profiles desired for the project.

13.1.3.3. Securement

  1. Securement of all linear metal flashings shall be specified in keeping with the application requirements in Article 13.3.2.1.

13.1.3.4. Gauge, Dimension Limitations, and Seams

  1. Gauge, dimensions, slope, and length of linear metal flashings must be specified to conform to the requirements in Table 13.1.3.4.-A and Article 13.2.1.2., but shall not be less than 26-Gauge.
  2. Specified seam types shall conform to the requirements in Table 13.1.3.4.-B and Article 13.3.2.2.


Table 13.1.3.4.-A.
Pre-finished Galvanized Steel Cap (Coping) Flashing (Gauge and Length Standards)
Forming Part of Sentence 13.1.3.4.(1).
Horizontal Span Minimum
Slope		 Gauge Maximum Flashing
Segment Length		 Seam Options
Up to 304.8 mm (12") 2% 26, 24 3048 mm (120") S-lock or Standing Seam
22+ Butt Seams*
304.8 - 914.4 mm (12" to 36") 4% 24 3048 mm (120") S-lock or Standing Seam
22+ Butt Seams*
914.4 mm (36") or greater 6% 24 1219.2 mm (48") S-lock or Standing Seam
22+ Butt Seams*
* Ref. Article 13.3.2.2., "Seams"
Table 13.1.3.4.-B.
Pre-finished Galvanized Steel Vertical Flashing (Gauge and Length Standards)
Forming Part of Sentence 13.1.3.4.(2).
Vertical Face Gauge Maximum Flashing
Segment Length		 Vertical Seam Options
Up to 152.4 mm (6") 26 3048 mm (120") S-lock
Up to 203.2 mm (8") 24 3048 mm (120") S-lock
Up to 304.8 mm (12") 22+ 3048 mm (120") Butt Seams*
* Ref. Article 13.3.2.2., "Seams"

13.1.3.5. Fit and Finish

  1. Fit and finish of all linear metal flashings shall conform to the requirements in Subsection 13.2.2.
  2. Drip edges are not required but are strongly recommended for linear metal flashings installed around the outside perimeter of a building, to protect wall finishes (Ref. Article 13.2.2.1. for fabrication requirements).

13.1.3.6. Cap Flashing, Counter-flashing, and Reglet Flashing

  1. Cap (coping) flashings
    1. are required for all parapets (including parapets on roof areas that are adjacent to each other),
    2. are optional for roof dividers that are fully enveloped with roofing membrane (Ref. Article 10.3.6.2.), and
    3. are recommended on roof dividers where the membrane may be susceptible to abrasion or mechanical damage.
  2. All linear metal cap (coping) flashing specified for parapets shall indicate securement to a solid substrate
    1. at every seam, using S-locks or standing seam clips (Ref. Article 13.3.2.2., "Seams"),
    2. beneath the outside vertical face of the flashing, using hidden clips (Ref. Article 13.3.2.3.), and
    3. on the roof-side (inside) face of the flashing.
  3. The use of exposed fasteners on the exterior face of cap (coping) flashing specified for parapets is not permissible.
  4. When the top surface of a wall exceeds 101.6 mm (4") in width, linear metal coping (cap) flashing must be specified with a minimum slope of 2% toward the roof-side of the parapet, to promote drainage (drainage toward the exterior of a building is not recommended).
  5. All metal cap (coping) flashing must be designed with full, solid support.
  6. When the specified cap flashing material is thicker or heavier than 18-gauge steel or aluminum, or it exceeds the permissible weight or gauge ranges for copper or zinc flashings, the seam and securement design must be submitted to the Guarantor for review prior to tender (See Article 13.3.2.2. concerning flat butt seams).

13.1.3.7. Intersections with Other Assemblies

  1. Where a parapet intersects with a wall, the union must be designed to direct water to the roof, away from the outer surface of the wall, using a metal saddle assembly in combination with the membrane requirements in Article 10.3.4.1. (Ref. Article 13.3.2.3.).

Section 13.2. Materials

(Ref. Division A, Article 3.2.1.2. concerning limitations and exclusions for metal flashing.)

13.2.1. Material Properties

13.2.1.1. Manufacturing and Supply

  1. Linear metal flashings must be new, manufactured and supplied by the Contractor or by an Associate Member of the RCABC, and must conform to the requirements published in this Part.

13.2.1.2. Sheet Metal Grade and Gauge

  1. A mill certificate must be provided by the Contractor when requested by the Design Authority.
  2. The following minimum gauges and/or weights of sheet steel materials apply to all linear metal flashings (the reference standard for gauges is USS REV (metric in mm)):
    1. Galvanized steel: minimum 0.50 mm (0.0196", 26-gauge) galvanized steel sheet, conforming to ASTM A653 / A653M-06 CS Type B, Z275 (G90) coating. Thickness tolerance as per ASTM A924/A924M-06 ±0.08 mm (0.003") for sheet widths not exceeding 1524 mm (60").
    2. Stainless Steel: minimum 0.38 mm (0.014", 28-gauge) stainless steel, Type 302, 304, 316, 2B finish to ASTM A167-82. Maximum thickness tolerance variation ± 0.04 mm (0.0015") based on 1219.2 mm (48") wide sheet.
    3. Aluminum-Zinc alloy-coated steel: minimum 0.50 mm (0.0196", 26-gauge) aluminum-zinc alloy coated steel sheet, conforming to ASTM A792/A792M-06 CS Type B, AZM150 (AZ50) coating. Thickness tolerance as per ASTM A924/A924M-06 ±0.08 mm (0.003") for sheet widths not exceeding 1524 mm (60").
  3. The following minimum gauges and/or weights of non-ferrous materials apply to all linear metal flashings:
    1. Aluminum: minimum 0.80 mm (0.032", 20-gauge) aluminum sheet, utility quality to CSA HA Series - 1975, plain or embossed finish. Maximum thickness tolerance variation ± 0.06 mm (0.0025") based on 1219.2 mm (48") wide sheet.
    2. Copper: minimum 0.56 mm (24-gauge; 0.0216", 16 oz.) copper sheet, cold rolled roofing copper to ASTM B370-81. Maximum thickness tolerance variation ± 0.09 mm (0.0035") based on 1219.2 mm (48") wide sheet.
    3. Zinc: minimum 0.80 mm (0.031") zinc Sheet conforming to European standard EN 988-1996. Maximum thickness tolerance variation ± 0.03 mm (0.0012").
  4. Where a waterproofing system adjoins and "Architectural Sheet Metal System", linear metal flashings must be fabricated from 24-gauge steel stock.

13.2.1.3. Fasteners

  1. Fasteners must be
    1. threaded screws, friction-type pins (i.e., for masonry or concrete), plug (inserts), or rivets (where permitted),
    2. compatible with materials they contact,
    3. corrosion-resistant,
    4. specified by the Design Authority, and
    5. appropriately sized, in both length and thread type, for the material to which they will be secured.
  2. Nails are not acceptable as fasteners.
  3. Notwithstanding the requirements in Sentence (1), threaded fasteners used to secure linear metal flashings
    1. in concealed locations must be at least No. 8, corrosion-resistant screw or expansion fastener with a low-profile head and must be compatible with both the metal flashing material and the substrate.
    2. in exposed locations must be at least No. 10., shall be gasketed (cladding screws), and must match the colour of the materials they fasten.
  4. When pre-engineered linear metal flashing systems are specified, fasteners provided by the manufacturer must be used.
  5. Rivets shall be closed-end, dome-head type, and shall be used only for fastening together linear metal flashings.

13.2.1.4. Sealants

  1. Sealants shall be
    1. non-hardening high-quality butyl or polyurethane,
    2. available in either gun grade or sealant tape form,
    3. suitable for exterior use and able to resist the effects of weathering, and
    4. compatible with, and able to adhere to, the materials to which they are applied.
  2. Sealants shall conform to
    1. CGSB 19-GP-5M, “Sealing Compound, One Component, Acrylic Base, Solvent Curing”,
    2. CAN / CGSB-19.13, “Sealing Compound, One Component, Elastomeric, Chemical Curing”,
    3. CGSB 19-GP-14M, “Sealing Compound, One Component, Butyl-Polyisobutylene Polymer Base, Solvent Curing”, or
    4. CAN / CGSB-19.24, “Multi-Component, Chemical Curing Sealing Compound”.

13.2.2. Fabrication and Finish

13.2.2.1. Fabrication of Flashing

  1. Linear metal flashings must be new, must conform to the requirements published in this Part, and shall be manufactured and supplied
    1. by the Contractor,
    2. for the Contractor by another Contractor (RCABC Member), or
    3. by an Associate Member of the RCABC.
  2. Unless expressly accepted otherwise, all linear metal flashing fabricated by the Contractor shall conform to the requirements in this Part.
  3. Specified drip edges must be broken (bent) outward from the face of the flashing by at least 30° and shall measure at least 19.05 mm (3/4”), extending from the break.
  4. All linear metal flashing, except those that are pre-engineered and expressly accepted by the RGC,
    1. must be hemmed,
    2. shall conform to the minimum requirements in Tables 13.1.-A,
    3. shall incorporate seams conforming to the requirements in Table 13.1.-B, and
    4. may not exceed the maximum length of 3000 mm (120”).
  5. The vertical leg of any metal flashing that overlaps roofing material must be at least 76.2 mm (3") in height, exclusive of the drip or hemmed edge, when measured between each break and shall overlap the edge of a membrane (i.e., membrane flashing on a wall) by at least 25.4 mm (1”).
  6. Metal edge flashing must be fabricated with
    1. a flange measuring no less than 101.6 mm (4") in width,
    2. a vertical drop and hemmed drip edge at least 50.8 mm (2"), and (When transitioning to a lower water-shedding systems), and
    3. a sloped drop of no less than 101.6 mm (4").
  7. Metal edge flashing may be constructed with or without an upstand at the outside edge (Edge flashing intended as a drainage edge may perform best without an upstand).

13.2.2.2. Pre-painted Finishes

  1. When a painted finish on linear metal flashing is specified, only SMP and PVDF pre-painted finishes are acceptable.
  2. Where Architectural Metal Roofing is installed, adjoining linear metal flashing must have the same finish as the metal panels.

Section 13.3. Application

13.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements

13.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.

13.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-Year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, and shall
    1. utilize only (minimum) 24-gauge linear metal flashing material.

13.3.2. All Systems

13.3.2.1. General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing

  1. RoofStar-accepted pre-engineered securement systems must be secured according to the manufacturer’s specifications.
  2. All linear metal flashing installed over an organic substrate (i.e., wood) shall be separated from the substrate with a suitable separation material (i.e., self-adhered bituminous membrane used as eave protection in a water-shedding roof system).
  3. Unless otherwise provided for in this Part, mechanical fasteners used to secure linear metal flashing or their clips
    1. shall conform to the fasteners requirements in Article 13.2.1.3.,
    2. shall be spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12”) O.C.,
    3. shall be firmly fastened, without distorting secured materials,
    4. must penetrate the substrate as specified in the screw manufacturer’s published minimum values, but shall nevertheless penetrate
      1. through the back surface of steel framing at least 19.05 mm (3/4"),
      2. into or through plywood so that screw threads engage its full thickness, excluding the unthreaded tip, and
      3. into solid substrate (i.e., dimensional lumber or concrete) at least 25.4 mm (1"), and
      4. must be installed at least 88.9 mm (3-1/2") above the finished roof system surface.
  4. Canted edge metal flashing may be mechanically fastened from the outside face but shall not be face-fastened on the roof side of the flashing.
  5. Sealants must be tooled to positively shed water.

13.3.2.2. Seams

(The requirements in Article 13.3.2.1., "General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing", shall be read together with the following requirements. See also Article 13.1.3.4.)

  1. RoofStar-accepted pre-engineered linear metal flashing may be joined together using seams specified for the accepted flashing.
  2. All linear metal flashing that is not pre-engineered must be seamed together following the requirements set out in this Article.
  3. All seams must allow for metal expansion and contraction.
  4. The seam and securement design must be approved by the Guarantor when the specified cap flashing material
    1. is steel or aluminum, and the material is thicker or heavier than 18-gauge, or
    2. is copper and zinc, and the material thickness or weight exceeds the weight or gauge requirements in Article 13.2.1.2.
  5. Straight (linear) joints between lengths of linear metal flashing must be fully seamed using only an S-lock ( Figure 13.3.2.2.-A) or Standing Seam ( Figure 13.3.2.2.-B), but this requirement does not apply to
    1. flashing fashioned from 22-gauge metal (or heavier), or
    2. the vertical face of any flashing that is concealed by a wall assembly, counter-flashing, or equipment flange, in which case the vertical joint may be lap-seamed, provided the overlap
      1. is no less than 101.6 mm (4”) when fully caulked in the lap, or
      2. is no less than 152.4 mm (6”) when installed without caulking in the lap.
  6. The top face (horizontal plane) of flashings that intersect at a corner (i.e., coping flashing) must be joined with a standing seam.
  7. Where drip edges meet at an outside corner, the cut edges of the mitred joint must be mechanically connected (Closed with a "rat tail").
  8. When the face of vertically-oriented flashing forms an outside corner, and the height of the flashing
    1. is greater than 101.6 mm (4”), the two flashings must be joined using only a standing seam.
    2. is 101.6 mm (4”) or less, the two flashings must be joined using
      1. a standing seam,
      2. an S-lock, or
      3. a lap joint, but the drip edges must be mechanically connected (Closed with a "rat tail").
  9. When the face of vertically-oriented flashing forms an inside corner, and the height of the flashing
    1. is greater than 101.6 mm (4”), the two flashings must be joined using only a standing seam.
    2. is 101.6 mm (4”) or less, the two flashings must be joined using
      1. a standing seam, or
      2. a flat overlapped seam.
  10. Sealant applied to S-lock or standing seams is not a requirement in this Standard, but when it is specified
    1. the sealant must be applied along the full length of the seam, and
    2. any sealant that extrudes from the seam during the seaming process must be removed and discarded (See Article 1.3.2.2., "Workmanship").
  11. Standing seams must incorporate clips when the seam is longer than 101.6 mm (4”), and the clips must be
    1. fabricated from flat metal stock 24-gauge or heavier,
    2. at least 38.1 mm (1-1/2”) wide,
    3. spaced apart from each other no more than 203.2 mm (8”) O.C.,
    4. embedded in an acceptable sealant, and
    5. secured with at least 2 acceptable low-profile flat head screws.
  12. S-locked seams must be secured through flashing tab (leaf) with at least one (1) acceptable low-profile flat head screw when the seam is longer than 101.6 mm (4”), but fasteners must not be spaced more than 203.2 mm (8”) O.C.
  13. Flat butt seams
    1. are permissible only for cap (coping) flashings, and only when the flashing is fabricated from steel or aluminum ranging in thickness from 22-Gauge to 18-Gauge (the same applies to the equivalents for copper and zinc sheet material, by gauge or weight), and
    2. must have a hemmed front edge fabricated to hook onto a supporting saddle.
  14. The saddle for flat butt seams must be
    1. manufactured from the same material as the flashing,
    2. formed to match the profile of the cap flashing,
    3. fabricated with a hook along the front face,
    4. secured to the parapet with screws,
    5. installed to underlap the butt joint by at least 101.6 mm (4”) on either side,
    6. seated in two parallel beads of un-tooled sealant or butyl tape, which must be applied between the saddle and flashing, on either side of the butt joint, to all three adjoining faces, and
    7. secured to the cap flashing along both faces of the parapet (See Article 13.3.2.1.).


Figure 13.3.2.2.-A S-Lock, Double
Forming Part of Sentence 13.3.2.2.(5)
(Click to expand illustration) 		Figure 13.3.2.2.-B Standing Seam
Forming Part of Sentence 13.3.2.2.(5)
(Click to expand illustration)
MF - S-Lock, Double.png MF - Standing Seam.png

13.3.2.3. Cap Flashing, Counter-flashing, and Reglet Flashing

(The requirements in Article 13.3.2.1., "General Requirements for Linear Metal Flashing", shall be read together with the following requirements)

  1. Cap (coping) flashings must be
    1. solidly and fully supported ,
    2. separated from organic materials (i.e., wood) with roofing membrane,
    3. joined using standing seams or S-locks (Ref. Article 13.3.2.2.), and
    4. secured against displacement by wind.
  2. In addition to the requirements in Sentence (1), cap (coping) flashing installed on parapets must be secured
    1. beneath the outside vertical face of the flashing with hidden clips that hook into the drip edge by at least 12.7 mm (1/2") (Ref. Article 13.3.2.3.; exposed fasteners are not permitted), and
    2. along the roof-side face of the flashing, using either hidden clips or cladding fasteners (the method used shall be what is specified by the Design Authority).
  3. Unless otherwise permitted in this Standard or by a written Variance from the Guarantor, hidden clips shall be secured to the vertical face of a parapet wall and shall not be mechanically attached to the top of the coping.
  4. In addition to the requirements in Sentence (1), cap (coping) flashings installed on roof dividers and fire separation walls (Ref. Article 10.3.4.4.)
    1. may be face-fastened, provided the roof divider or fire separation wall is less than 1 m (39") tall, but
    2. shall be secured with hidden clips on both sides when the roof divider or fire separation wall exceeds a height of 1 m.
  5. When using exposed screws to secure cap (coping) flashing is permissible, screws shall be located no more than 25.4 mm (1") above the break for the drip edge and provision shall be made for metal expansion and contraction.
  6. Where hidden metal clips are required, they must
    1. be at least 24-gauge,
    2. be fastened as close to the bottom edge (hook) as practical but must not be fastened further than a maximum of 76.2 mm (3") from the bottom edge (hook), and
    3. engage drip or safety edges by a minimum of 12.7 mm (1/2").
  7. Continuous concealed clips must be attached with fasteners spaced nor more than 304.8 mm (12") O.C.
  8. Discontinuous concealed clips must
    1. consist of a single clip, centred between the seams of each length of metal flashing,
    2. measure at least 1/3 of the length of flashing it will secure but shall not be less than 101.6 mm (4") in length, and
    3. be fastened with screws spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12") O.C.
  9. Fasteners used to secure any cap, counter, or base flashing must be evenly spaced between seams along each length of flashing, and shall be
    1. no fewer than three (3) fasteners for every 3048 mm (120") length of metal flashing, or
    2. two (2) fasteners for every 2438.4 mm (96") length of metal flashing.
  10. When cap (coping) flashings span widths greater than 304.8 mm (12”), and a flat butt seam is specified, the cap flashing must be riveted to the saddle to ensure adequate securement, and the rivets must be no further apart than 203.2 mm (8”).
  11. Parapets that intersect a wall must be flashed with a metal saddle flashing, as shown in the "Construction Details for Linear Metal Flashings" ( Division D).
  12. When the outside face of a cap flashing is concealed by a wall assembly, only the outside face may be lap-seamed, provided the overlap is no less than 101.6 mm (4”) and the overlapping metal is embedded in mastic.
  13. Counter-flashing must be secured to the vertical face, with fasteners or a reglet.
  14. Counter-flashing and termination bars installed as primary securement or protection of membrane flashing
    1. must be hemmed at the top edge and bent (broken) outward from the face of the wall by at least 45°, to form a groove for sealant (The hem shall measure at least 15.88 mm (5/8”) when measured from the break),
    2. shall be attached to the substrate with fasteners spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12”) O.C., and
    3. must be sealed along the top groove with a continuous bead of acceptable sealant, tooled to shed water away from the wall.
  15. A second counter-flashing (to cover a term bar or primary counter-flashing)
    1. applied as a “surface reglet” must be hemmed, broken, and sealed, as described above in this Article, and
    2. must be secured with fasteners spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12”) O.C., but this spacing may be increased to no more than 609.6 mm (24”) O.C., provided the flashing maintains continuous contact with the substrate (See Article 13.3.2.1.).
  16. Base flashings
    1. must “kick out” minimum 50.8 mm (2") over insulation and filter fabric (filter fabric must be tucked up behind the base flashing),
    2. must be secured with fasteners spaced no more than 304.8 mm (12”) O.C., and
    3. may be fashioned as one piece, or as a 2-piece flashing that includes a lower, detachable segment to facilitate roof maintenance.
  17. Linear metal flashing secured in a reglet (cut groove) must be
    1. installed above the membrane flashing,
    2. inserted at least 12.7 mm (1/2”),
    3. friction-fitted within the reglet or secured on the exposed face with an acceptable fastener, and
    4. sealed with a continuous bead of tooled gunnable sealant.
  18. Where parallel and overlapping reglet flashings are used, the joints between flashing segments must be offset by at least 304.8 mm (12”), except at corners.

13.3.2.4. Metal Edge Terminations

  1. Metal edge terminations (including "gravel stop" flashings) are integrated into the membrane system and therefore shall be installed to conform to Article 10.3.4.2.

13.3.2.5. Canted Edges

  1. Metal flashings on canted edges must be face-fastened on the exterior face of the flashing or, when the height of the canted edge permits, at least 88.9 mm (3-1/2”) above the drainage plane.
  2. Flashing must be secured with cladding fasteners, evenly spaced between seams along each length of flashing, using no fewer than
    1. three (3) fasteners for every 3048 mm (120") length of metal flashing, or
    2. two (2) fasteners for every 2438.4 mm (96") length of metal flashing.

Part 14 - The Roof as a Platform

Section 14.1. Design

(This Part covers the design and installation requirements for roofs that support an overburden, which may be structurally supported or directly supported by the roof assembly)

(See Note A-14.1.)

14.1.1. General

14.1.1.1. Scope

  1. The scope of this Part and the Standard shall be as described in Division A, Part 1.

14.1.1.2. Defined Terms

  1. Words that appear in italics are defined in the Glossary. Additionally, the following terms are used in this Part:
    1. Roof Coverings means (without limitation) gravel, wearing surfaces, Vegetated Roof Systems, pavers, cast-in-place concrete, rubberized surfaces, broadly covering and directly superimposed on the roof assembly.
    2. Structures and Equipment means structurally supported or portable objects including (without limitation) wood or composite decks and walkways, planters, "amenity spaces" (inclusive of furnishings, hot tubs, gazebos, pergolas, and play areas), nets and wind screens, photovoltaics, satellite equipment, light standards, lightning rods, sculptures, pools, and other water features.

14.1.2. Guarantee Term Requirements

14.1.2.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.

14.1.2.2. RoofStar 15-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee.

14.1.2.3. RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar Vegetated Roof Guarantee, the supporting roof assembly shall
    1. comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee, RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, or a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee,
    2. be acceptable to the manufacturer as support for a vegetated roof system, and
    3. comply with the related requirements in the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”.

14.1.3. All Systems

14.1.3.1. Coverage and Limitations

  1. Coverage under the RoofStar Guarantee shall be as described in Division A, Article 3.2.1.2.

14.1.3.2. Loads

  1. The building structure must be designed to support any live loads specified by the Code having jurisdiction, including loads from any covering, amenity space, structure, or live loads superimposed upon the roof system.
  2. Roof assemblies
    1. must be designed as a protected roof system when they cannot support the superimposed loads described above (See also Article 8.1.4.1.).
    2. must be designed as a protected roof system when the roof covering is
      1. a semi-intensive vegetated roof system, or
      2. an intensive vegetated roof system (See Article 1.1.3.2., “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”).
    3. should be designed as a protected roof system when the roof covering or living (amenity) space
      1. exceeds 152.4 mm (6”) in depth,
      2. includes cast-in-place concrete surface,
      3. is installed over a podium roof area adjacent to residential high-rise structures,
      4. includes water features or pools, or
      5. includes expansive terrace areas or play spaces.
  3. When the superimposed load is a vegetated roof system, the design of the supporting roof assembly shall conform to the requirements in Article 1.1.3.1. and Article 1.1.3.2. of the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs” and shall take into consideration the future loads from a mature, fully saturated vegetated roof.
  4. Structural supports (i.e., curbs) should be considered to bear heavier dead loads, to resist Specified Wind Loads, or to secure the equipment during seismic events.

14.1.3.3. Securement of Roof Coverings, Structures, and Equipment

  1. The Design Authority is responsible to specify the appropriate securement design of roof coverings, structures, and equipment, to resist Specified Wind Loads.
  2. Vegetated roof systems shall be secured in keeping with the requirements of the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs” .
  3. Where structural securement is desirable or required,
    1. structural supports must be fully waterproofed (curbs, sleepers, posts) and
    2. the superimposed structure or equipment must be secured to the structural support at least 203.2 mm (8”) above the drainage plane (See Part 12,"Penetrations and Curbs", and Part 3, "Securing the Roof Assembly").

14.1.3.4. Design for Repairs and Renewal

  1. Each design should, without limitation, include consideration for
    1. the inevitability of roof repairs or replacement,
    2. access for maintenance, and
    3. material removal, storage, and replacement logistics.

14.1.3.5. Roof Membranes

  1. Membranes must be selected for their ability to resist accidental puncture by human activity on the roof; the minimum puncture resistance must be at least 400 N (See Table 9.1. in Article 9.2.1.1.).

14.1.3.6. Membrane Protection

  1. Membranes must be protected from damage incurred
    1. during the construction of a building,
    2. from normal use and occupancy of the roof, and
    3. from maintenance of any installation on top of a roof system, after the building has been commissioned.
  2. To prevent accidental damage and puncture from falling objects, conventional insulated systems at elevations lower than those designed for human occupancy should include a protective wearing course or, in the alternative, should be designed as a protected roof system.
  3. Where membranes installed on vertical surfaces may be damaged from foot traffic or shifting coverings, they must be protected (i.e., with base metal flashing; ref. Article 13.1.3.6.).

14.1.3.7. Membrane Integrity Testing and Electronic Leak Detection

(See Article 1.1.3.3. and Article 1.1.3.4.)

14.1.3.8. Drainage

  1. Roofs designed as platforms to support roof coverings, amenity spaces, or equipment must promote unimpeded drainage of storm or irrigation water.
  2. The drainage of a roof assembly supporting a vegetated roof system shall be designed in coordination with the design requirements in the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs” .
  3. Where a roof covering material naturally drains (i.e., gravel), no additional drainage design is required, but when it does not naturally drain, the design must incorporate a drainage plane on top of the completed roof system.
  4. Overburden must be contained with drain guards, rigid barriers, and filter fabric (See also Article 11.3.2.3.).
  5. To facilitate the adequate movement of water and minimize or prevent damming when non-structural supports are oriented perpendicular to (across) the direction of drainage, the design must
    1. specify shorter supports, to a maximum length of 1219.2 mm (48"), and
    2. incorporate drainage mats beneath supports longer than 1219.2 mm (48") in any direction.
  6. Equipment installed on structural supports, or on top of the roof system, must be spaced or located to promote access to drains, ease of maintenance, and worker or occupant safety.

14.1.3.9. Filter Fabric

  1. Filter fabrics are required when the roof supports
    1. a vegetated roof system (See Part 6 in the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”),
    2. sand and other fine materials,
    3. gravel with a diameter less than 12.7 mm (1/2”),
    4. wet mortar or concrete, or
    5. XPS insulation above the membrane (See Note A-14.1.3.9.).

14.1.3.10. Gravel

(See Note A-14.1.3.10.)

  1. When smooth stone (aggregate rock) is specified as the roof covering (different from ballast),
    1. only washed gravel may be used, and
    2. the design must include gravel guards around roof drains.
  2. When the gravel used as a roof covering is crushed, or is smaller than 12.7 mm (1/2”),
    1. a geotextile protection layer must be installed immediately above the roof membrane, and
    2. the crushed gravel must be deep enough to hold the geotextile protection layer in place.

14.1.3.11. Wearing Surfaces

(See also Article 9.1.3.4. concerning wearing surfaces and drainage requirements)

  1. Any wearing surface may be installed on an uninsulated or conventionally insulated system, provided
    1. the compressive strength of the insulation will support it,
    2. insulation is covered with a suitable overlay (See Article 8.1.4.1.),
    3. the wearing surface does not bond with or touch the roof field membrane or membrane flashing, and
    4. drainage of storm or irrigation water is not impeded.
  2. When a wearing surface is specified,
    1. it must incorporate measures to protect the roof membrane from damage,
    2. perimeter membranes and penetrations must be protected from abrasion by the wearing surface,
    3. the design must provide a drainage space below the wearing surface measuring at least 12.7 mm (1/2”) in depth, and
    4. the design must provide a vertical drainage gap between the wearing surface and any openings.
  3. When cast-in-place concrete is specified as the wearing surface (See Note A-14.1.3.11.), the design must conform to the other requirements in this Article, and the concrete must be separated from the membrane with
    1. a bond-breaking material, such as a proprietary drainage mat or XPS insulation, and
    2. filter fabric or a barrier material acceptable to the membrane manufacturer, able to prevent the concrete slurry from reaching the membrane.

14.1.3.12. Vegetated Roof Systems

  1. Vegetated Roof Systems (VRS) must be designed to meet the requirements in the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”; this includes membrane protection, drainage, water retention materials, filter fabrics, etc.

14.1.3.13. Structures and Equipment

  1. Non-structural installations superimposed on a roof assembly
    1. are recommended for smaller installations, to
      1. minimize the number of penetrations, curbs, or sleepers necessary for structural securement,
      2. eliminate possible weak points in the roof system, where a leak may occur,
      3. avoid dedicated mechanical drainage, and
      4. simplify removal of materials when membrane repairs are required.
    2. must take into account inevitable roof renewal (see Note A-14.1.3.13.),
    3. must be placed on an appropriate protection layer or supported by pedestals, pavers, or other means of distributing weight and point loading, and
    4. may be placed on an insulated roof system provided the insulation will support all anticipated dead loads, live loads and point loads (See Article 14.1.3.2., "Loads").
  2. Structurally supported installations that are
    1. cast-in-place must be constructed on a pre‐curb that is continuously waterproofed as part of the primary roof membrane and waterproofed independently of the primary roof membrane.
    2. pre-cast must be secured
      1. to a pre‐curb that is continuously waterproofed as a continuation of the primary roof membrane, or
      2. to structural supports that are waterproofed in keeping with the requirements in Part 12.
  3. When concrete walls or structures are constructed without a pre-curb, all concrete surfaces must be fully and continuously enveloped with the primary roof membrane (See also Division A, Article 3.2.1.2.).
  4. Pre‐curbs must be
    1. at least 101.6 mm (4") in height above the drainage plane of the highest adjacent roof assembly,
    2. completely enveloped with fully adhered acceptable membrane flashing (including all faces of drainage knock‐outs), and
    3. properly waterproofed around dowels in their final position, using
      1. a 2-component catalyzed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or polyurethane methyl methacrylate (PUMA) reinforced liquid membrane flashing system, or
      2. two cured coats of an Accepted polyurethane or silicon-based single-component liquid flashing system (See Article 12.3.2.6., "Liquid Membrane Flashing").
  5. When a structural planter adjoins a protected roof system, the planter design must include
    1. a plumbed mechanical drain , or
    2. drainage knock-outs in the pre-curb wall, which should be wide enough to allow for the free flow of water over or past of the membrane flashing plies.
  6. When a structural planter adjoins an insulated roof system, only a plumbed mechanical drain is permissible.
  7. A design review is advisable when a structural water feature incorporates penetrations for wiring, lights, or other submerged features.
  8. Tiles or other architectural finishes may be applied to the waterproofing membrane, subject to a written Variance from the Guarantor and approval by the membrane manufacturer (See Article 1.1.3.6., "Variances").
  9. Drains, re-circulation inlets, and outlets used in water features, must include clamping rings, and must be sealed to the membrane assembly.
  10. When a leak detection system is specified, only non‐ferrous metal drains may be used.

Section 14.2. Materials

14.2.1. Material Properties

14.2.1.1. Field and Flashing Membranes

  1. Refer to Table 9.2.1.1. in Article 9.2.1.1. for field membrane composition, thickness, and selection.
  2. Single and 2-component liquid membrane flashing systems used on any detail, including pre-curbs, must be listed in Division C, and must be proprietary to, or accepted by, the manufacturer.

14.2.1.2. Membrane Protection

  1. Membranes must be protected from damage by installing (directly above the roof membrane)
    1. drainage mat,
    2. an asphaltic core board overlay, measuring at least 4.76 mm (1/8”) thick,
    3. XPS insulation, measuring at least 25.4 mm (1”) thick, or
    4. a geotextile protection layer with a minimum thickness/weight of 200 g/m2 (used in vegetated roof system applications, where decorative gravel is crushed or smaller than 12.7 mm (1/2”) in diameter, or where the roof covering, superimposed structure or equipment does not exceed the load-bearing capacity of the protection material).

14.2.1.3. Reserved

14.2.1.4. Drainage and Water Retention Materials

  1. Drainage mats, geo-synthetic drainage cores, and geo-composites used beneath any non-vegetated overburden, must be
    1. acceptable to the manufacturer,
    2. suitable for the installed roof covering,
    3. selected for their ability to support dead loads, live loads, and point loads, and
    4. capable of permitting the anticipated flow rate of water.
  2. Moisture retention and reservoir layers must be acceptable to the manufacturer/supplier of the Vegetated Roof System.

14.2.1.5. Insulation and Insulation Overlays

(See Part 7, "Insulation", and Part 8, "Insulation Overlays")

  1. When XPS (with or without a concrete topping) is specified as the drainage layer, it must be grooved (by the manufacturer, or as a post-manufacturing alteration).
  2. Insulation and insulation overlays must have a minimum load carrying capacity of 110 Kpa (20 psi), but in any event must be capable of supporting any loads superimposed on the membrane, without compression or distortion of the roof system or any one of its components.

14.2.1.6. Filter Fabric

  1. Filter fabrics must be
    1. acceptable to the manufacturer,
    2. suitable for the installed roof covering,
    3. selected for their ability to support dead loads, live loads, and point loads, and
    4. capable of permitting the anticipated flow rate of water.
  2. The properties, composition, and supply of filtration fabrics used in a vegetated roof system shall conform to the requirements in Article 6.2.1.2. of the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”.
  3. Fabric filter mats must be
    1. water permeable and have proven long term weather resistance, and
    2. strong enough to withstand traffic abuse and prevent displacement of insulation boards under flotation conditions.

14.2.1.7. Decorative Gravel

  1. Decorative gravel (aggregate) (See Note A-14.1.3.10.) must be washed and may be smooth or crushed.
  2. Large grade gravel may withstand wind scour more effectively than smaller gravel, but the Design Authority must determine the gradients, based on the Specified Wind Loads for the roof (See also Article 3.2.2.3., Gravel Ballast).

14.2.1.8. Pavers and Pedestals

  1. Pavers that are partially supported (i.e., with pedestals) must be capable of resisting anticipated loads.
  2. Pedestals
    1. should be adjustable when a level surface is required, and
    2. must be purpose-made and include an integral spacer rib no more than 4.76 mm (1/8”) wide, to uniformly separate pavers.

Section 14.3. Application

14.3.1. Guarantee Term Requirements

14.3.1.1. RoofStar 5-year Guarantee and RoofStar 10-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part.

14.3.1.2. RoofStar 15-year Guarantee

  1. To qualify for a RoofStar 15-year Guarantee, all projects shall comply with the requirements in this Part for a RoofStar 5-year Guarantee or RoofStar 10-year Guarantee.

14.3.2. All Systems

14.3.2.1. Membranes and Membrane Protection

  1. Membranes and membrane flashing must be installed in keeping with the requirements found elsewhere in this Standard.
  2. Protection of roof membranes from mechanical damage caused by tools, accident or the work of others is mandatory during the installation and maintenance of any roof covering or living space (See also Article 9.1.3.4., "Membrane Protection", for related requirements).

14.3.2.2. Filter Fabric

  1. Fabric filter rolls used in any system other than a vegetated roof system must be
    1. at least 2489.2 mm (98") wide,
    2. installed loose-laid (un-bonded) over the insulation and below any type of ballast or roof covering,
    3. overlapped at all edges a minimum of 304.8 mm (12"),
    4. slit to fit over roof penetrations,
    5. cut out around roof drains and other openings,
    6. carried up all vertical transitions (including penetration flashings) above the finished roof system surface at least 76.2 mm (3”), and
    7. loosely held in place at all perimeter edges and curbs, behind metal counter flashings or wall finishes, and
    8. secured around penetration flashings.

14.3.2.3. Drainage

  1. The location of the drainage layer(s) shall conform to the requirements in Part 7 .
  2. A second drainage layer may be installed above the insulation, but this is at the discretion of the Design Authority.
  3. Specialized proprietary drainage products must be acceptable to the manufacturer.

14.3.2.4. Decorative Gravel

  1. When gravel (aggregate) is specified as a roof covering, only washed gravel may be used.
  2. Ballast guards must be installed around all roof drains (See Article 11.3.2.3.).
  3. Crushed gravel specified as a roof covering must be
    1. installed over a geotextile protection layer, or its equivalent, when the gravel is crushed or smaller than 12.7 mm (1/2”) in diameter, and
    2. must be applied in quantities sufficient to hold down the protection layer against displacement by wind.

14.3.2.5. Wearing Surfaces

  1. Pavers and unit-type masonry, such as brick or stone, must be supported by
    1. proprietary (purpose-made) pedestals with at least a 4.76 mm (1/8”) integral spacer ribs for uniform spacing of pavers,
    2. a proprietary drainage layer overlaid with a filter fabric mat, or
    3. a drainage layer of loose aggregate (such as pea gravel) measuring at least 25.4 mm (1") in depth, installed over a filter fabric.
  2. Pedestals, or a drainage layer,
    1. must permit at least 12.7 mm (1/2″) of vertical separation between the paver and the underlying substrate, to provide airflow for drying surfaces and assist in leveling, and
    2. should not impede the flow of water or air, and should uniformly distribute the dead load of pavers, and other unit masonry products, as well as predicted live loads.
  3. Cast-in-place concrete installed directly above the roof membrane must be separated from the membrane and its protection layers with material and a filter fabric or barrier material specified by the Design Authority and conforming to the requirements in Article 14.1.3.11.

14.3.2.6. Vegetated Roof Systems

(See Note A-14.3.2.6.)

  1. All Vegetated Roof Systems must be installed according to the requirements in the “RGC Standard for Vegetated Roofs”.

14.3.2.7. Structures and Equipment

  1. Structural installations (i.e., planters, pools, ponds, or water courses) must be constructed with
    1. a pre‐curb (start‐up curb), onto which the installation is formed and poured, or
    2. full-height walls that are formed and poured in direct contact with the structural deck.
  2. Pre‐curbs ( Figure 14.3.2.7.-A ) must
    1. achieve a finished height at least 101.6 mm (4") above the drainage plane of the highest adjacent roof assembly (For an example of this see Construction Detail "Structural Planter"), and
    2. be completely enveloped with fully adhered acceptable sheet or liquid membrane flashing (including all faces of drainage knock‐outs).
  3. All planters and water features must be fully waterproofed on the inside; sheet membrane installation must conform to the requirements in Article 10.3.2.3., and liquid membrane flashing shall conform to the requirements in Article 10.3.3.4.
  4. All membrane flashing shall terminate
    1. on the outside face of the planter wall, at least 50.8 mm (2”) below the upper edge, or
    2. on the inside face of the planter wall with a cut reglet linear metal flashing, caulked with sealant and installed no less than 50.8 mm (2”) above the top surface of growing media.
  5. Structural installations that do not incorporate pre-curbs must be
    1. flashed to cover the complete exterior surface with roof membrane, or
    2. flashed with sheet membrane that is installed, terminated, and protected to conform to Article 10.3.2.3.


    Figure 14.3.2.7.-A Pre-curbs and Sheet Membrane Flashing
    Forming Part of Article 14.3.2.7.
    (Click to expand illustration)
    SBS Figure 14.3.1.jpg
  6. Dowels (reinforcement bar) must be
    1. inserted into the pre‐curb after application of the membrane flashing, and
    2. waterproofed in their final position, where they penetrate the pre-curb.
  7. Dowels must be waterproofed with
    1. a single application of an accepted, fleece-reinforced 2-component liquid membrane flashing, or
    2. two (2) applications of a single-component liquid membrane flashing,
      1. applied to properly prepared surfaces,
      2. fully cured between coats,
      3. in keeping with the application requirements in Article 10.3.3.4., for 2-component reinforced liquid membrane flashing, or the manufacturer’s instructions, when using a single-component liquid membrane flashing, and
      4. applied no less than 50.8 mm (2”) on vertical surfaces and in a radius around the base of each dowel.
  8. When structures or equipment exceed the limits stated in Division A, Article 3.2.1.2., a membrane integrity scan and any resulting repairs must be undertaken before the membrane is covered.

Notes to Standard

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